CN107610435B - The high speed logging remote transmission means of communication suitable for multiple types cable - Google Patents
The high speed logging remote transmission means of communication suitable for multiple types cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention principally falls into logging cable high speed the spread of the rumours field, and in particular to the high-speed communication method of the multiple types cable suitable for petroleum industry.Method utilizes time orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, specific steps are as follows: synchronizing training to channel makes ground instrument and downhole instrument establish consistent sampling clock and frame synchronization；It then carries out combined training: first sending the first data of M frame training frame sequence, then send the second data of K frame training frame sequence；Ground instrument and downhole instrument realize the exchange of ground instrument and downhole instrument information by P repetition according to the structure of the first data of M frame and the second data of K frame；After ground and underground get the configuration information of respective channel, configuration is corresponding to send and receive OFDM modulation and demodulation parameter, to be transferred to normal transmission mode.This method realizes the full duplex communication on single channel using time-division multiplex technology on the basis of orthogonal frequency division multiplexi, is used in single-core cable or multicore cable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention principally falls into logging cable high speed the spread of the rumours field, and in particular to the multiple types electricity suitable for petroleum industry
The high-speed communication method of cable.
Background technique
Oil well logging business mainly includes open-hole logging and cased hole logging, and the communication of downhole instrument and ground system is existing
Stage generallys use the mode of wire transmission and completes downhole instrument data that is, using the cable for connecting instrument as communication channel
Upload is issued with ground order.Logging cable is broadly divided into seven core cable, three-core cable and list according to the difference of cable core quantity
Core cable.According to different well logging business and mounting instrument, the cable of different cable core numbers is used.
With the development of logging technique, either open hole well or cased well, a problem is all suffered from now and is badly in need of solving,
That is the data volume of downhole instrument is increasing, and the low rate of the spread of the rumours communication seriously constrains the development of logger.How
The transmission rate for improving logging cable communication is the hot spot studied at present.
In production well log business, since the data volume that logger uploads is less, power supply uses direct current supply, mainly
Use single and three-core cable etc. as logging cable, what communication modes generallyd use is this spy's coding of the graceful side of base band transmission
With Alternate Mark Inversion encoding mode, transmission rate is substantially in tens kbps or so.But the single or three-core cable used is limited by cable core number
The rareness of amount, uplink and downlink can only use the same physical channel, realize half duplex communication using the mode of base band transmission.I.e.
The mode of question-response completes the upload of ground order issued with downhole data.In synchronization, semiduplex mode requires hair
Channels with receive channel or frequency domain is orthogonal or time domain orthogonal.This not only causes message transmission rate at least to reduce by 50%,
And the valuable communication resource is wasted, reduce the efficiency of live logging operation.
In order to realize the full duplex communication of high speed, orthogonal frequency division multiplexi (OFDM) is commonly used as channel tune
Mode processed uses different cable core integrated modes as uplink and downlink channel.Discrete Multitone Modulation used in well logging makes
With there are mainly two types of cable core modes: 1, realizing full duplex communication in logging remote transmission using the separated technology of frequency division+physical channel.
Use pattern 5 (2,3,5,6 core) is used as up channel (downhole data uploads to ground system) in seven core armored cables, frequency band
25KHz to 276KHz is occupied, use pattern 7 (7,10 core) is used as down channel (ground system transmitting order to lower levels to downhole instrument),
Frequency band occupies 4KHz to 20KHz, and 5Khz is vacated as buffer strip in centre.Uplink and downlink Channel Physical separates in this way, and in cable
The mode of seven cable cores winding also ensures that it is not influenced mutually, so as to avoid uplink and downlink signals in seven core armouring cable cores
Mutually around.2, use pattern 5 is used as upper and lower row of channels, that is, sends and receives and occupy same channel, and signal will carry out frequency division multiplexing reality
Existing full duplex communication if this mode is applied in logging cable the spread of the rumours communication needs that frequency is added using Echo Cancellation technology
Filter-divider and echo canceller offset the high-power clawback signal sent in proximal end.First way implements relatively simply,
Discrete Multitone Modulation only need to be realized on independent physical channel, but this mode increases independent channel, it is impossible to
It realizes and uses on single or three-core cable, and occupancy cable core quantity is more, by taking seven core armored cables as an example, mode 5 needs 4
Root cable core, mode 7 need two.Second way cable core implements more complex, Echo Cancellation skill therein using less
Art in well logging business there are no can be practical achievement.Therefore, it is difficult to real using orthogonal frequency division multiplexi in practical logging
Existing full duplex communication.At present in practical business, this problem is such as encountered, generallys use fractionation instrument string, the mode repeatedly gone into the well,
It thus can not achieve once to go into the well and obtain the achievement of total data.To increase time and the capital investment of business.
Summary of the invention
Based on the above issues, the present invention provides a kind of high speed logging remote transmission communication sides suitable for multiple types cable
Full duplex communication can be achieved in method on single and multicore cable.This method utilizes on the basis of orthogonal frequency division multiplexi
Time-division multiplex technology realizes the full duplex communication on single channel, is used in single-core cable or multicore cable.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of high speed logging remote transmission means of communication suitable for multiple types cable, the method are based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Technology, the method utilize time orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, in the time orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, same channel timesharing
Receive upstream data and downlink data；
It the described method comprises the following steps:
Unidirectional training: the first data of multiframe are sent to channel and are trained, keep ground instrument consistent with downhole instrument foundation
Sampling clock and frame synchronization, be completed at the same time preliminary one-way channel measurement；
Two-way channel training: the two-way channel training includes the combined training of n times circulation, the combined training are as follows:
The first data of M frame training frame sequence is first sent to channel to be trained, and then sends the second data of K frame training frames sequence
Column are trained；
Exchange: the ground instrument and the downhole instrument according to the first data of M frame and the second data of K frame structure,
By P repetition, the exchange of ground instrument and downhole instrument information is realized；
Communication: it after ground and underground get the configuration information of respective channel, configures and corresponding sends and receives OFDM
Modulation and demodulation parameter, to be transferred to normal transmission mode；
First data be upstream data and downlink data in one of, second data be upstream data and
Another in downlink data；
Wherein N, M, K, P are positive integer.
Further, the combined training specifically:
First end equipment first sends the first data of M frame training frame sequence to send state, then continues at reception state；
After second end equipment receives M frame the first data training frames, it is transferred to transmission state, sends the training of the second data of K frame
Frame sequence；
First end equipment or the second end equipment carry out channel training in receive state, according to the information received；
First end equipment be one of ground instrument or downhole instrument, second end equipment be ground instrument or
Another in downhole instrument.
Further, the value of M, K are according to transmission rate actually required:
Further, the method is suitable for seven core cable, using the mode of 2,3,5,6 cable cores composition as uplink and downlink
Shared channel；
Or the method is suitable for single-core cable or three-core cable.
Further, the ground instrument and the downhole instrument realize time-division orthogonal frequency division multiplexing under the control of a processor
Use technology；The ground instrument and the downhole instrument pass through analog switch respectively and logging cable realizes communication, the simulation
Switch is realized under the control of a processor sends and receives being quickly converted for mode；
In the transmit mode, the processor is issued to digital/analog converter sends training Buffer and OFDM modulation,
It is to be sent to analog circuit, mould after sending data frame that digital/analog converter, which will send training Buffer and OFDM modulation conversion,
Quasi- circuit a pair is sent to logging cable after sending data frame band filter；
In the receiving mode, analog circuit two receives data from logging cable, by data receiver to analog/digital converter
It is converted, the data after conversion then reach processor to training Buffer and OFDM demodulation is received.
Further, the OFDM modulation and the OFDM demodulation are realized by FPGA, the transmission Buffer and reception instruction
Practice Buffer and uses the ROM inside processor.
Further, the N takes 5000-10000；The P takes 1000-2000.
Advantageous effects of the invention:
(1) present invention solves the problems, such as that logging cable distribution of cable core is few.In wireline logging, ground system passes through seven core armours
It fills cable and mounts logger, transfer in open hole well or cased well, realize the upload of downhole instrument information.Ground is wanted simultaneously
It is powered by cable to downhole instrument, including alternating current and direct current.Using the present invention.Full duplex is realized on single channel
Communication, part cable core can be reserved as power transmission.
(2) using the present invention, the full-duplex communication on ground and underground is realized on single channel, (such as compared with conventional method
IQ system of Halliburton Company, the U.S. etc.) Echo Cancellation circuit can be saved, the difficulty of system realization is reduced, system is improved
The stability of work.Therefore present invention could apply to the logging cables of the types such as single-core cable or three-core cable, improve system
While transmission rate of uniting, the physical channel resources such as cable core are saved.
(3) using the present invention, time-division OFDM modulation and demodulation are realized in single channel, although down channel occupies part
The time slot of up channel.But in view of the asymmetry of logging cable the spread of the rumours uplink and downlink communication.The value of appropriate selection M and K, can be with
Fully meet the order sending function of uplink big data transmission and downlink.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, time-division OFDM flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2, time-division OFDM modulation and demodulation functional block diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is explained in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
On the contrary, the present invention covers any substitution done on the essence and scope of the present invention being defined by the claims, repairs
Change, equivalent method and scheme.Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding the present invention, below to of the invention thin
It is detailed to describe some specific detail sections in section description.Part without these details for a person skilled in the art
The present invention can also be understood completely in description.
Embodiment 1
The present invention provides a kind of high speed logging remote transmission means of communication suitable for multiple types cable, and process frame diagram is as schemed
Shown in 1.The present embodiment uses up channel training to keep ground instrument synchronous with downhole instrument as unidirectional training, accordingly with underground
Instrument is as the first end equipment；
Apply to log well rumour communication specifically includes the following steps:
1, after system electrification, progress up channel training first.Downhole instrument sends training Buffer by control, according to
Predetermined frame structure, sequence send training frame sequence.Downhole instrument processor controls analog switch simultaneously, sets it to transmission mould
Formula.
2, after ground system powers on, the training frame sequence of underground transmission is waited.According to predetermined structure, complete to up channel
Shake hands, measure, synchronizing, channel measurement and bit distribution.
3, after certain amount of frame data, system is transferred to the two-way channel training stage, and ground and underground are first at this time
Step completes up channel training, establishes consistent sampling clock and frame synchronization mechanism.Downhole instrument sends the frame of M number first
Data, this process control simulation switch are sending mode.It is reception pattern that ground system, which controls local analog switch, simultaneously.
4, after the uplink data frames of M number, downhole instrument is transferred to reception pattern state, and ground system switchs to emit mould
Formula state, ground system control emit training Buffer, and according to scheduled frame structure, sequence sends downlink training frame sequence.In advance
It is fixed to send K frame training sequence every time.This process repeats n times.During this, downhole instrument can obtain current downlink channel
Metrical information, so that it is determined that downstream bits allocation plan.Ground system can obtain the measurement letter of current up channel simultaneously
Breath, to further improve the up channel measurement result obtained during previous step (one-way channel training).
5, corresponding channel measurement has all been obtained by the process of n times (M+K) frame, ground and downhole instrument, together
When the bit allocation scheme of subchannel has been determined.System is transferred to exchange process.Ground and downhole instrument according to M frame upstream data and
The structure of the downlink data of K frame realizes the exchange on ground and down-hole information by P repetition.
6, it after ground and underground get the configuration information of respective channel, configures the corresponding OFDM that sends and receives and modulates
And demodulation parameter, to be transferred to normal transmission mode.
As shown in Fig. 2, being the time-division OFDM modulation and demodulation functional block diagram of logging remote transmission ground system, in processor
Under control, realize that the logging remote transmission of time-division OFDM technology communicates according to the process of Fig. 1.Downhole instrument is similar.Wherein OFDM
Modulation and demodulation are realized by FPGA, send and receive the ROM inside the usable processor of trained Buffer.Analog circuit one
Realize that transmitting and receiving band filters respectively with analog circuit two.Analog switch is realized send and receive under the control of a processor
Mode is quickly converted.
The wherein selection of N and P: since channel measurement needs to be calculated according to a large amount of data frame received, it is
The process of one statistics for the Choice Theory of N, is the bigger the better under practical circumstances, and the value of N is bigger, to the various dry of channel
The more abundant of factor design is disturbed, the result measured is truer, but corresponding time of measuring is longer.The value of N is smaller, measurement
Time can be very short, but more insufficient to the various factors of channel effect, cannot really reflect the actual characteristic of channel.This hair
The numberical range of bright selection 5000 to 10000 in actual measurement can make the measurement result of multiple channel have preferable
Consistency.More than 10000, channel measurement reaches unanimity, without significant change.The selection of P is according in practical work process
The information content selection for needing to exchange, basic control is in 1000-2000 or so.Such selection of N and P, it is ensured that entire training
Time-consuming is in 60 seconds.
The above method is applied to seven core armored cables:
After the present invention proposes, tested after improving on original logging remote transmission system realized using OFDM technology practical
Effect.
Original logging remote transmission system uses independent two physics on seven core armoured logging cables using OFDM technology
The full duplex communication of channel realization uplink and downlink.The frequency band 25KHz for the mode 5 that wherein uplink is formed using 2,3,5,6 cable cores is extremely
276KHz, the frequency band 4KHz to 20KHz for the mode 7 that downlink is formed using 7,10 cable cores.It is tested by early period, as above exercises and use mould
(4KHz to 276KHz), actual measurement maximum transmission rate are 1.20Mbps to whole frequency bands of formula 5.To test effect of the invention, change
It is time-division OFDM modulation system into system structure, uses the mode 5 of 2,3,5,6 cable cores composition as the shared channel of uplink and downlink.
M=20, K=1 are set, on the basis of cable 1.2Mbps, theoretical calculation, maximum uplink rate 1.2Mbps*20/
21=1.14Mbps, downlink maximum rate 1.2Mbps*1/21=57.1kbps, during can satisfy wireline logging completely, on
The requirement of downlink data transmission.
Under experimental situation, the seven core armored cable of Huaneng Group of 7500 meters of connection carries out 5 connections, and practical acquisition is last
Under rating results such as table:
Table 1, embodiment 1 are practical to obtain last rating results
Upstream rate is stablized in 1Mbps or more, and downstream rate is stablized in 48kbps or more.Meet imaging logging and conventional survey
The requirement of well.
Analyze measured result (1Mbps) has the reason of gap to be with notional result (1.14Mbps): in pattern switching
The problem of carving, being selected due to cyclic prefix (CP) length causes the first of the last frame in switching and next mode
Frame has hangover to interfere, and has an impact for the transmittability of present mode.Therefore the rate of uplink and downlink is reduced.
Embodiment 2
The method of embodiment 1 is applied to the anti-hydrogen sulfide single-core cable of CAMESA
The frequency band of anti-hydrogen sulfide single-core cable is much narrower compared with seven core armored cables, surveys single frequency band from 2Khz to 150Khz
Maximum transmission rate be 115kbps.To test effect of the invention, improvement system structure is time-division OFDM modulation system, is made
Use single-core cable as the shared channel of uplink and downlink.
M=20, K=1 are set, on the basis of cable 115kbps, theoretical calculation, maximum uplink rate 115kbps*20/
21=109.5kbps, downlink maximum rate 115kbps*1/21=5.48kbps, during can satisfy production well log completely
The requirement that uplink and downlink data are transmitted using single-core cable.
Under experimental situation, the anti-hydrogen sulfide cable of CAMESA single of 7500 meters of connection carries out 5 connections, practical to obtain
Last rating results such as table 2:
Table 2, embodiment 2 are practical to obtain last rating results
Upstream rate is stablized in 90kbps or more, and downstream rate is stablized in 5kbps or more.Meet production well log for list
The transmission rate requirement of core cable.
Technology at this stage, the single-core cable the spread of the rumours used for producing well communicate, it is common to use Manchester's code or
Person's Alternate Mark Inversion encoding technology, universal rate is in more than ten Kbps or tens kbps, and cable is longer, and transmission rate is lower.For 7500 meters
Long cable, rate can only more than ten Kbps or so again, and ground needs to join by the solution harmonic of the human intervention of some time
Number configuration, just can be achieved, and also less stable in use process.
It is applied in single-core cable the spread of the rumours communication using time-division OFDM technology of the invention, single-core cable can be made full use of
Bandwidth, under extremely narrow frequency band, realize uplink 90kbps or more, the full duplex communication of downlink 5kbps or more.And in view of
The characteristics of OFDM technology, has an adaptive channel using the WELL LOGGING CABLE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM of the present invention, adaptive equalization and certain
Error correcting capability.To improve the stability and reliability of the spread of the rumours system.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is, the present embodiment is unidirectionally believed using down channel training
Road training, accordingly using the instrument of ground system as the first end equipment, concrete mode are as follows:
1, after system electrification, progress down channel training first.Ground system sends training Buffer by control, according to
Predetermined frame structure, sequence send training frame sequence.Ground system processor controls analog switch simultaneously, sets it to transmission mould
Formula.
2, after downhole instrument powers on, the training frame sequence of ground transmission is waited.According to predetermined structure, complete to down channel
Shake hands, measure, synchronizing, channel measurement and bit distribution.
3, after certain amount of frame data, system is transferred to the two-way channel training stage, and ground and underground are first at this time
Step completes downlink training, establishes consistent sampling clock and frame synchronization mechanism.Ground system sends the frame number of M number first
According to this process control simulation switch is sending mode.It is reception pattern that downhole instrument, which controls local analog switch, simultaneously.
4, after the downlink data frame of M number, ground system is transferred to reception pattern state, and downhole instrument switchs to emit mould
Formula state, downhole instrument control emit training Buffer, and according to scheduled frame structure, sequence sends uplink training frame sequence.In advance
It is fixed to send K frame training sequence every time.This process repeats n times.During this, ground system can obtain current up channel
Metrical information, so that it is determined that upstream bits allocation plan.Downhole instrument in receive state, according to the information received previous
On the basis of completing channel training in stage one-way channel training process, further channel measurement is carried out perfect.
5, corresponding channel measurement has all been obtained by the process of n times (M+K) frame, ground and downhole instrument, together
When the bit allocation scheme of subchannel has been determined.System is transferred to exchange process.Ground and downhole instrument according to M frame downlink data and
The structure of the upstream data of K frame realizes the exchange on ground and down-hole information by P repetition.
6, it after ground and underground get the configuration information of respective channel, configures the corresponding OFDM that sends and receives and modulates
And demodulation parameter, to be transferred to normal transmission mode.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high speed logging remote transmission means of communication suitable for multiple types cable, the method is based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing skill
Art, which is characterized in that the method utilizes time orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, in the time orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, together
One channel timesharing receives upstream data and downlink data；
It the described method comprises the following steps:
Unidirectional training: the first data of multiframe are sent to channel and are trained, ground instrument and downhole instrument is made to establish consistent adopt
Sample clock and frame synchronization are completed at the same time preliminary one-way channel measurement；
Two-way channel training: the two-way channel training includes the combined training of n times circulation, the combined training are as follows:
Channel is first sent the first data of M frame training frame sequence be trained, then send the second data of K frame training frame sequence into
Row training；
Exchange: the ground instrument and the downhole instrument according to the first data of M frame and the second data of K frame structure, by P
The exchange of ground instrument and downhole instrument information is realized in secondary repetition；
Communication: it after ground and underground get the configuration information of respective channel, configures and corresponding sends and receives OFDM modulation
And demodulation parameter, to be transferred to normal transmission mode；
First data is one of in upstream data and downlink data, second data are upstream data and downlink
Another in data；
Wherein N, M, K, P are positive integer.
2. method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the combined training specifically: the first end equipment is first to send shape
State sends the first data of M frame training frame sequence, then continues at reception state；
After second end equipment receives M frame the first data training frames, it is transferred to transmission state, sends the second data of K frame training frames sequence
Column；
First end equipment or the second end equipment carry out channel training in receive state, according to the information received；
First end equipment is one of ground instrument or downhole instrument, and second end equipment is ground instrument or underground
Another in instrument.
3. method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the value of M, K are according to transmission rate actually required:
4. method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the method is suitable for seven core cable, using 2,3,5,6 cable core groups
At shared channel of the mode as uplink and downlink；
Or the method is suitable for single-core cable or three-core cable.
5. method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the control of the ground instrument and the downhole instrument in processor
Lower realization time orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology；The ground instrument and the downhole instrument pass through analog switch and well logging electricity respectively
Cable realizes communication, and the analog switch realizes being quickly converted for the mode that sends and receives under the control of a processor；
In the transmit mode, the processor is issued to digital/analog converter sends training Buffer and OFDM modulation, number
It is to be sent to analog circuit after sending data frame that word/analog converter, which will send training Buffer and OFDM modulation conversion, is simulated
Circuit a pair is sent to logging cable after sending data frame band filter；
In the receiving mode, analog circuit two receives data from logging cable, and data receiver to analog/digital converter is carried out
Conversion, the data after conversion then reach processor to training Buffer and OFDM demodulation is received.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the OFDM is modulated and the OFDM demodulation is realized by FPGA, institute
It states to send training Buffer and receive training Buffer and uses the ROM inside processor.
7. such as any the method for claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the N takes 5000-10000；The P takes 1000-
2000。
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| CN1889553A (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-03 | 都科摩（北京）通信技术研究中心有限公司 | Training sequence generating method, communicating system and communicating method |
| CN101158284A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2008-04-09 | 聂泳培 | Single-core cable well logging data high speed transmission system |
| CN101179356A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2008-05-14 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Data transmitting, receiving method and device |
| CN101202564B (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2010-12-08 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Channel initialization method |
| CN201196088Y (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-02-18 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | High-speed data transmission apparatus used for petroleum logging |
| CN201610752U (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2010-10-20 | 西安威尔罗根能源科技有限公司 | Telemetry system capable of realizing high-speed transmission by utilizing OFDM technology |
| CN102045289A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-05-04 | 西安威尔罗根能源科技有限公司 | Remote transmission system for realizing high-speed transmission by utilizing OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) technology |
| US20120037354A1 (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-02-16 | Mccoy Robert H | Systems and Methods for Downhole OFDM Communications |
| CN202850989U (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-04-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | High speed data transmission system based on single-core logging cable |
| CN105306391A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-02-03 | 西安格威石油仪器有限公司 | Adaptive wired communication method and well logging method and device |
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