CN107610222A - A kind of City Building three-dimensional automatic modeling and method for visualizing - Google Patents
A kind of City Building three-dimensional automatic modeling and method for visualizing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107610222A CN107610222A CN201710820819.6A CN201710820819A CN107610222A CN 107610222 A CN107610222 A CN 107610222A CN 201710820819 A CN201710820819 A CN 201710820819A CN 107610222 A CN107610222 A CN 107610222A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of City Building three-dimensional automatic modeling and method for visualizing.In data preprocessing phase, carry out integrated management and may be superimposed in three-dimensional digital earth software to show for multi-source data.In the City Building three-dimensional modeling stage, automatic modeling and color rendering or texture mapping are carried out according to building vector data and its attribute information.Loading and dynamic and visual stage in three-dimensional building model, based on LOD storage models, quaternary tree index, caching technology, realize quick digital independent with rendering.Finally, in the protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters integrated application stage, with reference to earthquake emergency and prediction of earthquake calamity application demand, it can be directly integrated into corresponding business application system and use.Under the conditions of a wide range of City scenarios, three-dimensional fast and automatic modeling and the visualization of building, solves the three-dimensional visualization expression problem of City Building earthquake disaster scene.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of City Building three-dimensional automatic modeling and method for visualizing, belongs to protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters and believes with geographical
Cease system transposition technical field.
Background technology
Beijing is the capital in China, is China's political center, cultural center, international association center and scientific and technical innovation center,
Pekinese's urban safety and social stability are extremely important.As capital, Beijing brings population and wealth
A large amount of aggregations, change original natural environment and social environment, are exaggerated earthquake disaster effect.And the earthquake back of the body of Beijing area
Scape and the earthquake situations situation faced are also extremely complex and severe.
The Activities of Strong Earthquakes of Beijing and adjacent area is concentrated mainly in BEIJING PLAIN Depression Area and Jingxi district north basin-and-range structure area, is me
State one of area of more earthquakes in history.According to statistics, occurred altogether since 294 years Christian eras, in Beijing administrative region 4.7 grades with
Upper earthquake 14 times.Wherein 4.7-4.9 levels earthquake 3 times, 5.0-5.9 levels earthquake 4 times, 6.0-6.9 levels earthquake 6 times, 8.0 grades with Shangdi
Shake 1 time.Wherein more than 6 grades violent earthquakes have：The eastern 6.0 grades of earthquakes in 294 years Yanqings, the southern 6.8 grades of earthquakes in Daxing in 1057,1484
The earthquake of 6.8 grades of Yanqing, the southern 6.0 grades of earthquakes in Tong County in 1536,6.5 grades of Tong County earthquake in 1665, the ground of 8 grades of three rivers-Pinggu in 1679
Shake and the earthquake of 6.5 grades of the Summer Palace of Jingxi district in 1730.Multiple more than 5 grades earthquakes also once occurred in history for Central district, such as
5.0 grades of earthquakes of 1076 and 1586 occur in inner city.From after the southwestern 5.0 grades of earthquakes in July, 1765 Changping, Beijing
More than 5 grades earthquakes do not occur for more than 250 years for area, and the modern times are based on Medium-small earthquake activity.From 4.0 grades of in December, 1996 Shunyi ground
After shake, without the earthquake of M >=4.0 occurs, it is also very notable that moderate shock lacks shake background for Beijing area more than 20 years.
On earthquake geology environment, Beijing and adjacent area have the tectonic setting and condition that violent earthquake occurs.Beijing is located at
The Connect area of Hebei Plain Seismic Belt, Fen-Wei seismic belt and Zhangjiakou-Bohai earthquake band, be China in history seismic activity compared with
For one of strong area.FAULTS IN BEIJING PLAIN major developmental has the Nan Kou for being subordinate to North China Plain Rift Zone to be broken in front of the mountains, the Ba Bao Mountain
The a plurality of east northeasts such as fracture, the fracture of Huang Zhuan-Koryo battalion, Shunyi Liangxiang fault, Tong County-Nangyuan District fracture, new Xiadian fault to activity
It is broken and is subordinate to the NW trendings such as the Nan Kou-grandson river fracture, the fracture of 20 borough chief mountains, Yongdinghe River fracture of Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea structural belt
Active fault.The Northwest Section of the northern section and Nan Kou of the fracture of wherein yellow village-Koryo battalion and Shunyi Liangxiang fault-grandson river fracture and new
There is obvious activity since the Epileistocenes such as Xiadian fault.Capital Region is listed in national earthquake emphasis always for many years
Defence area is monitored, following one period has the potential risk that medium and strong earthquake occurs.
At present, Beijing, which is in, builds the world-class harmony livable critical period all, natural and society safety
Risk interweaves and deposited, urban safety facing challenges and the more complicated sternness of test.Disaster and unexpected incidents have become system
An important factor for about capital modernization construction is with development.Carry out catastrophe scene structure to study with emergent defence, to improving earthquake disaster
Evil defence capability, calamity source is reduced, strengthens disaster response ability, ensures that Beijing's sustainable development of socio-economy has very
Important strategic importance.
By computer simulation technology, the scene that earthquake disaster occurs and emergency management and rescue rehearsal carry out emulation mould
Intend, be a kind of science, economical and effective method." earthquake disaster field stimulation and rescue are virtual in its thesis for the doctorate by Wang Dongming researcher
Earthquake disaster scene simulation analogue technique has been carried out in simulation training system research " to train with method, earthquake rescue virtual emulation
The pilot study of system, and construct related simulation model and analogue system.Jia Qunlin, all cypresses merchant discuss structure it is relatively true
The methods and applications means of real earthquake disaster virtual scene, realize earthquake emergency rescue virtual emulation drilling system.Wen Liliang
With three-dimension GIS technology and satellite remote-sensing image technology, the spatial information occurred with reference to earthquake, consider eaerthquake damage differently
Point, the difference to different effect on building, before establishing earthquake disaster, the scenario simulation after calamity.
Currently, for the research in terms of earthquake catastrophe scene structure, based on building seismic damage prediction.Traditional earthquake is pre-
Survey method includes summary of experience method, direct statistic law, equivalent statistic law, expert's Evaluation Method, fuzzy Analog Method, structural response analysis
Method etc., these methods are that forecast model, reference are established based on the mechanics parameter of building mostly《Earthquake disaster prediction and its
Information management system technical specification》The regulation of (GB/T19428 2003) is carried out.For the research of the three-dimensional artificial of disaster scene
It is relatively fewer with application.Relative to conventional two-dimensional GIS, three-dimensional digital earth (three-dimension GIS) is more raw to spatial information by it
The expression-form of image is moved, more can precisely and intuitively reflect and express earthquake disaster scene, in protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters work
Favored by more and more experts and scholar.In current research, more typically for single building or local scene
Analogue simulation is studied, for metropolitan area scope, due to needing the three-dimensional modeling of a large amount of urban targets, a large amount of threedimensional models
Texture mapping, render, Visualization etc., it is studied and application is necessarily restricted.Thus, worked in current protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters
In, lack the catastrophe scene emulation technology of the metropolitan area scope based on three-dimensional digital earth, emphasis and difficult point are that city is built
Build thing three-dimensional automatic modeling, big data quantity spatial data fast cache and render, the Visualization of three-dimensional Earthquake damage information etc..
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of City Building three-dimensional automatic modeling and method for visualizing, this hair
The technical scheme of bright use is as follows：
A kind of City Building three-dimensional automatic modeling and method for visualizing, its step include：
1) in data preprocessing phase, carry out integrated management for multi-source data and may be superimposed on three-dimensional digital earth software
Middle display.Multi-source data include geo-spatial data (vector, image, DEM etc.), earthquake business datum (fracture, historical earthquake,
Refuge etc.) and other attribute datas (economy, population, earthquake prediction scheme etc.).
2) in the City Building three-dimensional modeling stage, automatic modeling is carried out according to building vector data and its attribute information
And color rendering or texture mapping.Building vector data refers to facet vector data；Automatic modeling is to utilize irregular triangle
Shape grid automatic Mosaic goes out the outline of building；Attribute information includes depth of building, number of floor levels, builds up the reflections such as age and build
Build the information of thing characteristic；Color rendering or texture mapping are to build the Visualization of outline automatically for building, including
Top of building and surrounding.
3) loading in three-dimensional building model and dynamic and visual stage, realize quick digital independent with rendering.It is three-dimensional
The loading of BUILDINGS MODELS is based on LOD storage model thoughts, in the case of the different visuals field, matches optimal data hierarchy information；
In order to provide optimal retrieval rate, retrieved using quadtree approach and visualization processing；Weight is improved using caching technology
The efficiency that complex data uses, used caching technology include the caching of server end and the caching of client.
4) in the protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters integrated application stage, with reference to earthquake emergency and prediction of earthquake calamity application demand, can be directly integrated
Used into corresponding business application system, to realize that the quick of result such as earthquake emergency rapid evaluation, prediction of earthquake calamity assessment can
Expressed depending on changing.
Beneficial effect
1) automatic modeling and color rendering or texture mapping are carried out according to building vector data and its attribute information, significantly
Improve building data modeling treatment effeciency.
2) based on LOD storage models, quaternary tree index, caching technology, realize that quick digital independent with rendering, carries significantly
The loading of high three-dimensional building model and dynamic and visual efficiency.
3) earthquake emergency and prediction of earthquake calamity application demand are combined, can be directly integrated into corresponding business application system makes
With so as to realize the quick visualization expression of the results such as earthquake emergency rapid evaluation, prediction of earthquake calamity assessment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of " a kind of City Building three-dimensional automatic modeling and method for visualizing " of the invention work；
Fig. 2 is certain urban area building two-dimensional vector data design sketch；
Fig. 3 is the effect of visualization figure that three-dimensional automatic modeling result is superimposed upon on photomap；
Fig. 4 is that three-dimensional model building builds contrast effect figure with triangular mesh；
Fig. 5 is the Visualization design sketch of three-dimensional building thing earthquake result under certain test geological process.
Embodiment
In order to facilitate the understanding of the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, below by specific embodiment and
Accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in techniqueflow Fig. 1 of the present invention, following steps are broadly divided into：
1) step 1：Multi-source data integration management and displaying
In data preprocessing phase, carry out integrated management for multi-source data and may be superimposed in three-dimensional digital earth software
Display.Multi-source data includes geo-spatial data (vector, image, DEM etc.), earthquake business datum (fracture, historical earthquake, is kept away
Difficult place etc.) and other attribute datas (economy, population, earthquake prediction scheme etc.).
2) step 2：City Building data three-dimensional automatic modeling
In the City Building three-dimensional modeling stage, according to building vector data and its attribute information carry out automatic modeling and
Color rendering or texture mapping.Building vector data refers to facet vector data, is illustrated in figure 2 certain urban area building
Two-dimensional vector data design sketch, it is illustrated in figure 3 the effect of visualization figure that three-dimensional automatic modeling result is superimposed upon on photomap；
Automatic modeling is the outline for going out building using irregular triangular mesh automatic Mosaic, is illustrated in figure 4 building three-dimensional
Model and triangular mesh structure contrast effect figure；Attribute information includes depth of building, number of floor levels, builds up the reflections such as age and build
Build the information of thing characteristic；Color rendering or texture mapping are to build the Visualization of outline automatically for building, including
Top of building and surrounding.
3) step 3：The quick reading of three-dimensional building thing data renders with dynamic
Loading and dynamic and visual stage in three-dimensional building model, realize quick digital independent with rendering.Three-dimensional is built
The loading for building model is based on LOD storage model thoughts, in the case of the different visuals field, matches optimal data hierarchy information；For
Offer optimal retrieval rate, is retrieved and visualization processing using quadtree approach；Improved and repeated using caching technology
The efficiency that data use, used caching technology include the caching of server end and the caching of client.
4) step 4：Protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters integrated application
In the protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters integrated application stage, with reference to earthquake emergency and prediction of earthquake calamity application demand, can be directly integrated into
Used in corresponding business application system, to realize the rapid visual of the results such as earthquake emergency rapid evaluation, prediction of earthquake calamity assessment
Change expression, the Visualization design sketch of three-dimensional building thing earthquake result under certain test geological process is illustrated in figure 5, wherein not
Building is represented by destructiveness different under geological process with color value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than is limited, the ordinary skill of this area
Technical scheme can be modified by personnel or equivalent substitution, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, this
The protection domain of invention should be to be defined described in claim.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of City Building three-dimensional automatic modeling and method for visualizing, its step include：1) in data preprocessing phase, pin
Carry out integrated management to multi-source data and may be superimposed in three-dimensional digital earth software to show.2) in City Building three-dimensional modeling
In the stage, automatic modeling and color rendering or texture mapping are carried out according to building vector data and its attribute information.3) in three-dimensional
The loading of BUILDINGS MODELS and dynamic and visual stage, based on LOD storage models, quaternary tree index, caching technology, realize quick
Digital independent is with rendering.4) in the protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters integrated application stage, with reference to earthquake emergency and prediction of earthquake calamity application demand, Ke Yizhi
Connect to be integrated into corresponding business application system and use.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the multi-source data in step 1) includes geo-spatial data (arrow
Amount, image, DEM etc.), earthquake business datum (fracture, historical earthquake, refuge etc.) and other attribute datas (economy, people
Mouth, earthquake prediction scheme etc.).
3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the building vector data in step 2) refers to planar vector number
According to；Automatic modeling is the outline for going out building using irregular triangular mesh automatic Mosaic；Attribute information includes building
Highly, number of floor levels, build up age etc. reflection building characteristic information.
4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that color rendering or texture mapping in step 2) are for building
Thing builds the Visualization of outline, including top of building and surrounding automatically.
5. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the loading of the three-dimensional building model described in step 3) is based on
LOD storage model thoughts, in the case of the different visuals field, match optimal data hierarchy information；In order to provide optimal retrieval
Speed, is retrieved and visualization processing using quadtree approach；The caching technology used includes caching and the visitor of server end
The caching at family end.
6. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters integrated application described in step 4), be included in
Earthquake emergency rescue field and the application in prediction of earthquake calamity field, and realize earthquake emergency rapid evaluation, prediction of earthquake calamity assessment etc.
As a result quick visualization expression.
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| CN109446264A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-03-08 | 桂林电子科技大学 | One kind is based on the visual city mobile data analysis method of stream |
| CN109544683A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-29 | 北京科技大学 | Architecture ensemble earthquake response dynamic and visual method based on oblique photograph data |
| CN109635441A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-16 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of groups of building earthquake disaster simulation visualization system and method based on BIM |
| CN110490916A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-11-22 | 北京城市网邻信息技术有限公司 | Three dimensional object modeling method and equipment, image processing apparatus and medium |
| CN110757804A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-07 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Full-color layered slicing algorithm based on texture mapping three-dimensional model |
| CN111177819A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-05-19 | 北京大学 | Rapid simulation method for multi-point damage of complex building structure |
| CN111599023A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-08-28 | 思创数码科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for mass map pasting of urban building models |
| CN113140038A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-07-20 | 天讯方舟(北京)信息科技有限公司 | Real-time three-dimensional visualization method for large-scene urban building |
| CN113269882A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-17 | 福建天晴在线互动科技有限公司 | Terrain rendering scheme and system based on virtual texture |
| CN114463154A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-05-10 | 江苏金恒信息科技股份有限公司 | Plant area safety accident visualization emergency system and emergency processing method |
| CN116467540A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-07-21 | 江苏省基础地理信息中心 | HBase-based massive space data rapid visualization method |
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| CN110757804A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-07 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Full-color layered slicing algorithm based on texture mapping three-dimensional model |
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| CN111177819A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-05-19 | 北京大学 | Rapid simulation method for multi-point damage of complex building structure |
| CN111177819B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-04-01 | 北京大学 | Rapid simulation method for multi-point damage of complex building structure |
| CN111599023A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-08-28 | 思创数码科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for mass map pasting of urban building models |
| CN113140038A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-07-20 | 天讯方舟(北京)信息科技有限公司 | Real-time three-dimensional visualization method for large-scene urban building |
| CN113269882A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-17 | 福建天晴在线互动科技有限公司 | Terrain rendering scheme and system based on virtual texture |
| CN113269882B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2023-09-08 | 福建天晴在线互动科技有限公司 | Terrain rendering method and system based on virtual texture |
| CN114463154A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-05-10 | 江苏金恒信息科技股份有限公司 | Plant area safety accident visualization emergency system and emergency processing method |
| CN114463154B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-08 | 江苏金恒信息科技股份有限公司 | Plant area safety accident visualization emergency system and emergency processing method |
| CN116775930A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-09-19 | 广州图石科技有限公司 | BIM+GIS-based data combination and visual display method and system |
| CN116775930B (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2024-03-08 | 广州图石科技有限公司 | BIM+GIS-based data combination and visual display method and system |
| CN116467540A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-07-21 | 江苏省基础地理信息中心 | HBase-based massive space data rapid visualization method |
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