CN107607232A - A kind of method for continuous measuring and system of earth's crust rock plane stress - Google Patents

A kind of method for continuous measuring and system of earth's crust rock plane stress Download PDF

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CN107607232A
CN107607232A CN201710802269.5A CN201710802269A CN107607232A CN 107607232 A CN107607232 A CN 107607232A CN 201710802269 A CN201710802269 A CN 201710802269A CN 107607232 A CN107607232 A CN 107607232A
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pressure magnetic
pressure
magnetic induction
induction part
rock mass
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CN107607232B (en
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张重远
吴满路
陈群策
赵星光
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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of method for continuous measuring and system of earth's crust rock plane stress, this method includes：First, the second linear relationship of magnetic induction part is pressed using each second on the datum plane principal stress for pressing magnetosheath core to release earth's crust rock mass at determination target borehole predetermined depth, and determination pressure magnetic monitoring probe；Then, the stress at target borehole predetermined depth is arranged at based on pressure magnetic releasing probe, adjustment is positioned over the stress for pressing magnetic to release upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of popping one's head in of corresponding position；Finally, the voltage drop of the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of any instant pressure magnetic monitoring probe after measurement adjustment in real time, dropped according to datum plane principal stress, the second linear relationship and current voltage and determine current plane principal stress, the absolute earth's crust rock plane principal stress of any instant at target borehole predetermined depth can be so obtained in real time, so as to realize the real-time monitoring to the plane principal stress of a certain target borehole predetermined depth in earth's crust rock mass.

Description

A kind of method for continuous measuring and system of earth's crust rock plane stress
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mass geostress survey technical field, in particular to a kind of earth's crust rock plane stress Method for continuous measuring and system.
Background technology
At present, earth's crust rock mass has many key properties for being different from other media, deadweight and ground coverboard by rock mass It is most that the factors such as the tectonic stress that block tectonic movement causes and preserved, which cause rock mass to have initial field stress (or abbreviation crustal stress), Has one of distinctive property.For rock mass engineering project, if do not considered this key element of rock mass crustal stress, just it is difficult to rational Engineering parameter design, which is analyzed and drawn, meets actual conclusion.
Rock mass stress in-site measurement is in order to understand stress intensity present in rock mass and direction, so as to be analysis rock mass Stress, foundation is provided for rock mass reinforcing and supporting.Rock mass stress measurement can in the borehole, basement rock appears upper and Underground Tunnels Carry out, can also be tried to achieve in underground engineering according to the displacement of point-to-point transmission to carry out inverse on the palisades of room.
During the present invention is realized, inventor has found problems with least be present in correlation technique：In correlation technique The fully-flattened stress of a certain target location earth's crust rock mass can only be measured, otherwise it is any to measure a certain target location The earth's crust rock plane stress variation trend at moment (is effectively demarcated because measurement the data obtained can not be realized, actually measured Be stress variation trend, or even can not exactly be referred to as stress variation), it follows that do not provide continuously measure it is a certain The method of the earth's crust rock plane stress of target location, a certain target location any time is monitored in real time therefore, it is impossible to realize The fully-flattened principal stress of earth's crust rock mass.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for continuous measuring of earth's crust rock plane stress And system, to realize the real-time monitoring to the plane principal stress of a certain target borehole predetermined depth in earth's crust rock mass.
In a first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method for continuous measuring of earth's crust rock plane stress, including：
Pressure magnetic in stress measurement equipment is being released into probe placement at the target borehole predetermined depth in earth's crust rock mass Afterwards, controlling the pressure magnetic to release each first on popping one's head in respectively presses magnetic induction part diametrically protruding, until described First pressure magnetic induction part is contacted with rock mass side wall and described first presses external force suffered by magnetic induction part to reach predetermined threshold value, described The front end that pressure magnetic releases probe is provided with least three first pressure magnetic induction parts；
Using the plane principal stress for pressing magnetic overcoring to determine earth's crust rock mass at the target borehole predetermined depth, and The precharge pressure variable quantity and voltage of each second pressure magnetic induction part on pressure magnetic monitoring probe in identified sign measuring apparatus The second linear relationship between drop, the front end of the pressure magnetic monitoring probe are provided with least three second pressure magnetic induction parts；
The pressure magnetic monitoring probe placement is being released to the target of probe in the pressure magnetic for having taken out parcel rock mass set core After at the predetermined depth that drills, the stress that the pressure magnetic releases the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe is adjusted, so that The stress size and Impact direction of each second pressure magnetic induction part and the rock mass set during rock mass set core releasing The earth's crust rock mass of core surrounding is consistent with stress direction to the stress variation of each first pressure magnetic induction part；
The rock for pressing the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of magnetic monitoring probe to be born after measurement adjustment described in any instant Voltage drop corresponding to body stress variable quantity；
Datum plane principal stress using the plane principal stress as earth's crust rock mass at the target borehole predetermined depth, root Determine to appoint at the target borehole predetermined depth according to the datum plane principal stress, second linear relationship and the voltage drop The plane principal stress of one moment earth's crust rock mass.
With reference in a first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the possible embodiment of the first of first aspect, wherein, institute State the precharge pressure variable quantity and electricity of each second pressure magnetic induction part on the pressure magnetic monitoring probe in identified sign measuring apparatus The second linear relationship between pressure drop, including：
After by sleeve center of the pressure magnetic monitoring probe placement of outer layer covers metallic sheath core in calibrating instrument, to the pressure Each second pressure magnetic induction part that the front end of magnetic monitoring probe is set pressurizes step by step and release step by step；
Record it is each it is described second pressure magnetic induction part voltage drop and precharge pressure between the second variation tendency, and according to Second variation tendency determines that pressure magnetic monitoring outer probe wraps up each second pressure magnetic induction part during the metallic sheath core Metal calibration coefficient KS；
Based on the metal demarcation for being respectively placed in metallic sheath core each second pressure magnetic induction part pressed on magnetic monitoring probe Coefficient, it is determined that in pressure magnetic monitoring outer probe parcel springform identical with the rock mass set core of the target borehole predetermined depth Measure the core calibration coefficient K of each second pressure magnetic induction part during the rock mass of materialR；
According to the core calibration coefficient corresponding to each second pressure magnetic induction part, the second pressure magnetic induction member is determined The second linear relationship between the precharge pressure variable quantity of part and voltage drop, second linear relationship are expressed as Δ S=KR× ΔV。
With reference to the first possible embodiment of first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide second of first aspect Possible embodiment, wherein, press each second on magnetic monitoring probe to press magnetic induction part based on being respectively placed in metallic sheath core The metal calibration coefficient, it is determined that in pressure magnetic monitoring outer probe parcel and the rock mass set of the target borehole predetermined depth The core calibration coefficient of each second pressure magnetic induction part during the rock mass of core same elastic modulus material, including：
According to formulaWith each metal calibration coefficient KS, it is determined that being visited in pressure magnetic monitoring It is each described during the rock mass of head outer layer covers and the rock mass set core same elastic modulus material of the target borehole predetermined depth The core calibration coefficient K of second pressure magnetic induction partR；
Wherein, KRRepresent the core calibration coefficient of a certain second pressure magnetic induction part, KSRepresent a certain second pressure magnetic induction member The metal calibration coefficient of part, ERRepresent the modulus of elasticity of rock mass set core, ESThe modulus of elasticity of metallic sheath core is represented, E represents a certain the The modulus of elasticity of two pressure magnetic induction parts itself, B represent a certain second pressure magnetic induction part equivalent cross-sectional area, uRRepresent rock mass set The elastic deformation amount of core, uSThe elastic deformation amount of metallic sheath core is represented, a represents the internal diameter of metallic sheath core, and b is represented in earth's crust rock mass Monitor the internal diameter of drilling.
With reference in a first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the possible embodiment of the third of first aspect, wherein, institute State and adjust the stress that the pressure magnetic releases the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe, including：
Each first pressure magnetic induction part based on the pressure magnetic releasing probe distal end, which is located at the target borehole, to be preset The direction relative to magnetic north pole of depth, the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of pressure magnetic monitoring probe is adjusted by orienting device Relative to the direction of magnetic north pole so that each second pressure magnetic induction part and each first pressure magnetic induction part relative to The direction of magnetic north pole corresponds；
Each first pressure magnetic induction part based on the pressure magnetic releasing probe distal end, which is located at the target borehole, to be preset Depth releases front and rear rock mass stress variable quantity, and the upper each second pressure magnetic induction member of pressure magnetic monitoring probe is adjusted by augmentor Part pressure.
With reference in a first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the possible embodiment of the 4th of first aspect kind, wherein, profit The plane principal stress of earth's crust rock mass at the target borehole predetermined depth is determined with pressure magnetic overcoring, including：
Contacted based on the described first pressure magnetic induction part with rock mass side wall and described first presses external force suffered by magnetic induction part Reach the state of predetermined threshold value, determine voltage before the pressure releases of the first pressure magnetic induction part；And
The pressure magnetic based on outer layer covers rock mass set core releases the state after probe is removed, and determines the first pressure magnetic Voltage after the pressure releases of sensing element；
Each first pressure magnetic induction part is determined according to voltage after voltage before the pressure releases and the pressure releases Pressure releases before and after voltage drop value；
Probe placement is released in the sleeve of calibrating instrument in the pressure magnetic of rock mass set core described in the outer layer covers by taking-up Behind center, each first pressure magnetic induction part that probe distal end is set is released to the pressure magnetic and is pressurizeed step by step and release step by step；And
Record it is each it is described first pressure magnetic induction part voltage drop and precharge pressure between the first variation tendency, and according to First variation tendency determines the First Line between the precharge pressure variable quantity of each first pressure magnetic induction part and voltage drop Sexual intercourse, first linear relationship are expressed as Δ S=K × Δ V；
According to voltage drop value before and after first linear relationship and the pressure releases, each first pressure magnetic is determined The size of the rock mass stress in direction where sensing element；
According to the size of the rock mass stress in direction where each first pressure magnetic induction part, determine that the target is bored The plane principal stress of earth's crust rock mass at the predetermined depth of hole.
Any one of the 4th kind of possible embodiment with reference to first aspect to first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide 5th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, the front end that the pressure magnetic releases probe is provided with six first pressures Magnetic induction part, it is 30 ° to overlook angle between the first pressure magnetic induction part two-by-two；
The front end of the pressure magnetic monitoring probe is provided with six second pressure magnetic induction parts, two-by-two the second pressure magnetic induction It is 30 ° that angle is overlooked between element.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provide a kind of measuring system of earth's crust rock plane stress, the system bag Include：Stress measurement equipment；The stress measurement equipment application combination first aspect to first aspect the 5th kind of possible implementation The plane principal stress of any instant earth's crust rock mass at method measurement target borehole predetermined depth any one of mode.
With reference to second aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the possible embodiment of the first of second aspect, wherein, institute Stating stress measurement equipment includes：Master control set, orienting device, augmentor, pressure magnetic release probe and pressure magnetic monitoring probe.
With reference to the first possible embodiment of second aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide second of second aspect Possible embodiment, wherein, the system also includes：Calibrating instrument, the calibrating instrument, for being positioned in its sleeve The pressure magnetic of centre releases probe or pressurization and the release step by step step by step of pressure magnetic monitoring probe.
With reference to the first possible embodiment of second aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the third of second aspect Possible embodiment, wherein, the front end that the pressure magnetic releases probe is provided with six first pressure magnetic induction parts, described two-by-two It is 30 ° to overlook angle between first pressure magnetic induction part；
The front end of the pressure magnetic monitoring probe is provided with six second pressure magnetic induction parts, two-by-two the second pressure magnetic induction It is 30 ° that angle is overlooked between element.
In the method for continuous measuring of earth's crust rock plane stress provided in an embodiment of the present invention and system, first, utilize Pressure magnetic overcoring determines the datum plane principal stress of earth's crust rock mass at target borehole predetermined depth, and determines pressure magnetic monitoring Second linear relationship of each second pressure magnetic induction part on probe；Then, probe is released based on pressure magnetic and is arranged at target borehole Stress at predetermined depth, the pressure magnetic that adjustment is positioned over corresponding position release the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe Stress；Finally, any instant pressure magnetic monitors the voltage drop of the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe after measurement adjustment in real time, Dropped according to datum plane principal stress, the second linear relationship and current voltage and determine current plane principal stress.It can so obtain in real time The absolute earth's crust rock plane principal stress of any instant at target borehole predetermined depth is taken, so as to realize to certain in earth's crust rock mass The real-time monitoring of the plane principal stress of one target borehole predetermined depth.
To enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate Appended accompanying drawing, is described in detail below.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below by embodiment it is required use it is attached Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore be not construed as pair The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to this A little accompanying drawings obtain other related accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of flow of the method for continuous measuring for earth's crust rock plane stress that the embodiment of the present invention is provided Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 shows the principle schematic for the pressure magnetic induction part that the embodiment of the present invention is provided；
Fig. 3 shows the cloth of the piezomagnetic probe that the embodiment of the present invention provided and pressure magnetic induction part in piezomagnetic probe front end Put the structural representation in orientation；
Fig. 4, which is shown, determines each in the method for continuous measuring for the earth's crust rock plane stress that the embodiment of the present invention is provided The schematic flow sheet of second linear relationship of two pressure magnetic induction parts；
Fig. 5 shows the reality of the metal calibration coefficient for each second pressure magnetic induction part of determination that the embodiment of the present invention is provided The structural representation of existing principle；
Fig. 6 shows that the utilization that the embodiment of the present invention is provided presses the process of magnetic overcoring measurement crustal stress in target The schematic diagram that position is drilled；
Fig. 7 shows that the Infinite Plate for certain circular hole that the embodiment of the present invention is provided is stressed the schematic diagram of situation.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention Middle accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only It is part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.The present invention being generally described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings is real Applying the component of example can be configured to arrange and design with a variety of.Therefore, it is of the invention to what is provided in the accompanying drawings below The detailed description of embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected reality of the present invention Apply example.Based on embodiments of the invention, institute that those skilled in the art are obtained on the premise of creative work is not made There is other embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The fully-flattened stress in view of or a certain target location earth's crust rock mass can only be measured in correlation technique, or The earth's crust rock plane stress variation trend (rather than variable quantity) of a certain target location any time can only be measured, it follows that The method for not providing the earth's crust rock plane stress for continuously measuring a certain target location, therefore, it is impossible to realize that real-time monitored is a certain The earth's crust rock mass fully-flattened principal stress of target location any time.Based on this, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of earth's crust rock The method for continuous measuring and system of body plane stress, are described below by embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method for continuous measuring of earth's crust rock plane stress, this method It is specific as follows including step S101-S105：
S101, in stress measurement equipment target borehole of the magnetic releasing probe placement in earth's crust rock mass will pressed default deep After at degree, control the pressure magnetic to release each first on popping one's head in respectively and press magnetic induction part diametrically protruding, Zhi Dao One pressure magnetic induction part is contacted with rock mass side wall and first presses external force suffered by magnetic induction part to reach predetermined threshold value, and the pressure magnetic releases The front end of probe is provided with least three first pressure magnetic induction parts；Wherein, the determination mode of the predetermined threshold value is：Based on the whole world Crustal stress distribution characteristics in earth's crust rock mass, the predetermined threshold value of each pressure magnetic induction part are arranged to measurement drilling top covering rockmass weight 3-5 times of amount, due to the own physical attribute of ferrimag material that makes each pressure magnetic induction part, there is some difference Property, therefore, in order to improve follow-up measurement accuracy, it can be set beforehand through Laboratory Calibration for each pressure magnetic induction part Corresponding predetermined threshold value.
S102, using the plane principal stress for pressing magnetic overcoring to determine earth's crust rock mass at target borehole predetermined depth, with And the precharge pressure variable quantity and electricity of each second pressure magnetic induction part on the pressure magnetic monitoring probe in identified sign measuring apparatus The second linear relationship between pressure drop, the front end of pressure magnetic monitoring probe are provided with least three second pressure magnetic induction parts.
S103, above-mentioned pressure magnetic is being monitored into probe placement in the target for the pressure magnetic releasing probe for having taken out parcel rock mass set core After at the predetermined depth that drills, the stress that the pressure magnetic releases the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe is adjusted, so that each second Press the stress size and Impact direction and the earth's crust rock of the rock mass set core surrounding during rock mass set core releasing of magnetic induction part Body is consistent with stress direction to the stress variation of each first pressure magnetic induction part, that is to say, that so that pressure magnetic monitoring probe is extensive The multiple datum plane principal stress state for releasing probe to pressure magnetic to hole wall rock mass, i.e., to the second pressure magnetic strength on pressure magnetic monitoring probe The pressure added by element is answered with pressing the first pressure magnetic induction part on magnetic releasing probe on correspondence direction during set core releasing Stress variation is equal.
S104, measurement adjustment successor, which engrave to state for the moment, presses the upper each above-mentioned second pressure magnetic induction part of magnetic monitoring probe to be born Rock mass stress variable quantity corresponding to voltage drop.
S105, the datum plane principal stress using above-mentioned plane principal stress as earth's crust rock mass at target borehole predetermined depth, When determining any at target borehole predetermined depth according to the datum plane principal stress, above-mentioned second linear relationship and above-mentioned voltage drop The plane principal stress of earth's crust rock mass is carved, specifically, according to the second linear relationship determined and the voltage drop measured, is obtained pre- Plus-pressure variable quantity；Further according to datum plane principal stress and precharge pressure variable quantity, obtain any at target borehole predetermined depth Moment earth's crust rock plane principal stress.
In embodiment provided by the invention, first, determined using magnetic overcoring is pressed at target borehole predetermined depth The datum plane principal stress of earth's crust rock mass, and determine the second linear of each second pressure magnetic induction part on pressure magnetic monitoring probe Relation；Then, the stress popped one's head in and be arranged at target borehole predetermined depth is released based on pressure magnetic, adjustment is positioned over corresponding positions The pressure magnetic for putting place releases the stress of the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe；Finally, any instant after measurement adjustment in real time The voltage drop of the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of magnetic monitoring probe is pressed, according to datum plane principal stress, the second linear relationship and is worked as Preceding voltage drop determines current plane principal stress.The absolute of any instant at target borehole predetermined depth can be so obtained in real time Earth's crust rock plane principal stress, so as to realize in the earth's crust rock mass plane principal stress of a certain target borehole predetermined depth it is real-time Monitoring.
Wherein, the either first pressure magnetic induction part, or the second pressure magnetic induction part use following operation principle, such as Shown in Fig. 2, due to the characteristic of ferromagnetic material magnetostrictive effect, apply pressure P variable quantity and mandrel coil voltage drop V into line Property positive correlation.Designed based on magnetostriction principle and press magnetic induction part to be put down to earth's crust rock mass made of ferromagnetic material The change of face principal stress is made a response, the pressure magnetic induction part with its external force born increase, its caused voltage also with Increase；Wherein, pressure magnetic induction part is using ferromagnetic material as mandrel, is wound made of default number of turn coil " self-induction coil "； If pressure magnetic induction part mandrel coil passes to constant alternating current I, when the ambient pressure P applied along mandrel changes When, then the magnetic conductivity of mandrel can change therewith, and then the voltage drop V of self-induction coil also changes therewith；
Wherein, it is contemplated that determine the stress on any three directions in a plane, the plane master in the plane can be obtained Stress and its direction, therefore, the front end that probe is released in pressure magnetic are provided with least three first pressure magnetic induction parts, and are pressing The front end of magnetic monitoring probe is provided with least three second pressure magnetic induction parts, the either first pressure magnetic induction part, or the Two pressure magnetic induction parts use following design structure, as shown in figure 3, setting three pressure magnetic induction parts with piezomagnetic probe front end Exemplified by, left side enlarged drawing is the structural representation of piezomagnetic probe front end, and right side enlarged drawing is three pressure magnetic of piezomagnetic probe front end Vertical view angle between sensing element A, B, C, now, vertical view angle is 60 ° between pressing magnetic induction part two-by-two.
Wherein, for each second pressure magnetic strength on the pressure magnetic monitoring probe in the determination stress measurement equipment in step S102 The second linear relationship between the precharge pressure variable quantity of element and voltage drop is answered, as shown in figure 4, specifically including：
S10211, behind sleeve center of the pressure magnetic monitoring probe placement in calibrating instrument by outer layer covers metallic sheath core, Each second pressure magnetic induction part that the front end of above-mentioned pressure magnetic monitoring probe is set is pressurizeed and release step by step step by step；
The second change between S10212, the voltage drop for recording each above-mentioned second pressure magnetic induction part and precharge pressure becomes Gesture, and determine that pressure magnetic monitors each second pressure magnetic induction part when outer probe coated metal covers core according to second variation tendency Metal calibration coefficient KS；
S10213, the above-mentioned gold based on each second pressure magnetic induction part being respectively placed in metallic sheath core on pressure magnetic monitoring probe Belong to calibration coefficient, it is determined that in pressure magnetic monitoring outer probe parcel elasticity identical with the above-mentioned rock mass set core of target borehole predetermined depth The core calibration coefficient K of each second pressure magnetic induction part during the rock mass of modulus materialR；
S10214, the core calibration coefficient according to corresponding to each above-mentioned second pressure magnetic induction part, determine the second pressure magnetic strength The second linear relationship between the precharge pressure variable quantity of element and voltage drop is answered, above-mentioned second linear relationship is expressed as Δ S= KR× Δ V, Δ S represent the precharge pressure variable quantity of pressure magnetic induction part, and Δ V represents the voltage drop of pressure magnetic induction part, each Second pressure magnetic induction part has respective core calibration coefficient respectively, therefore, the second line of each second pressure magnetic induction part May be different between sexual intercourse.
As shown in figure 5, give the structure of the realization principle for the metal calibration coefficient for determining each second pressure magnetic induction part Schematic diagram, in Figure 5, be positioned over calibrating instrument sleeve center be outer layer covers metallic sheath core pressure magnetic monitoring probe, this When, each second pressure magnetic induction part manually set to the front end of pressure magnetic monitoring probe pressurizes step by step and release step by step, together When, the second change between the voltage drop of each second pressure magnetic induction part of display screen display on right side and precharge pressure becomes Gesture, exemplified by setting three second pressure magnetic induction parts by the front end for pressing magnetic monitoring probe, now three curves on display screen, this three Bar curve be respectively three second pressure magnetic induction parts for pressing the front end of magnetic monitoring probe to set voltage drops and precharge pressure it Between the second variation tendency, and then level pressure magnetic monitors outer probe coated metal set core really according to each second pressure magnetic induction part When this second pressure magnetic induction part metal calibration coefficient.
Specifically, it is contemplated that due in each second pressure magnetic induction part calibration process on to pressure magnetic monitoring probe, pressing Magnetic monitoring outer probe parcel is metallic sheath core, rather than the rock mass in situ set core of target depth, in follow-up actual monitoring second When pressing the voltage drop of magnetic induction part, what it is equivalent to pressure magnetic monitoring outer probe parcel is core set core, and presses magnetic monitoring to visit The material of head outer layer covers is different, and the calibration coefficient for causing the second pressure magnetic induction part is also differed, therefore, it is necessary to is based on putting The metal calibration coefficient of each second pressure magnetic induction part on magnetic monitoring probe is pressed in metallic sheath core, to determine in pressure magnetic monitoring Each institute when outer probe wraps up the rock mass with the rock mass of target borehole predetermined depth set core same elastic modulus material State the core calibration coefficient of the second pressure magnetic induction part.Based on this, in above-mentioned steps S10213 based on being respectively placed in metal The above-mentioned metal calibration coefficient for each second pressure magnetic induction part pressed in core on magnetic monitoring probe is covered, it is determined that in pressure magnetic monitoring probe Each above-mentioned the during the rock mass of the above-mentioned rock mass set core same elastic modulus material of outer layer covers and above-mentioned target borehole predetermined depth The core calibration coefficient of two pressure magnetic induction parts, is specifically included：
According to formulaWith each above-mentioned metal calibration coefficient KS, it is determined that being visited in pressure magnetic monitoring Each second pressure magnetic induction during the rock mass of head outer layer covers and the rock mass set core same elastic modulus material of target borehole predetermined depth The core calibration coefficient K of elementR；Calibration coefficient during magnetic monitoring outer probe coated metal set core will be pressed to be converted to pressure magnetic prison Probing head outer layer covers rock mass covers calibration coefficient during core.
Wherein, KRRepresent that the core calibration coefficient of a certain second pressure magnetic induction part (presses magnetic monitoring outer probe parcel The calibration coefficient of second pressure magnetic induction part when rock mass covers core), KSRepresent the metal demarcation system of a certain second pressure magnetic induction part Number (calibration coefficient of the second pressure magnetic induction part when pressing magnetic monitoring outer probe coated metal set core), ERRepresent rock mass set core Modulus of elasticity, ESThe modulus of elasticity of metallic sheath core is represented, E represents the modulus of elasticity of a certain second pressure magnetic induction part itself, B Represent a certain second pressure magnetic induction part equivalent cross-sectional area, uRRepresent the elastic deformation amount of rock mass set core, uSRepresent metallic sheath core Elastic deformation amount, a represent the internal diameter of metallic sheath core, and b represents to monitor the internal diameter of drilling in earth's crust rock mass, and monitoring drilling is placement Press the drilling of magnetic monitoring probe.
Wherein, pressure magnetic induction part under stress, can make the set core of the pressure magnetic induction part in target circular hole Material produces elastic deformationThe elastic deformation amount of set core is the function relevant with contact medium modulus of elasticity, rock mass set The elastic deformation amount of coreThe elastic deformation amount of metallic sheath coreR represents the internal diameter of set core material, and P is pre- Plus-pressure size, i.e., the second pressure magnetic induction part are located at the initial pressure value that needs reach at target borehole predetermined depth, namely First pressure magnetic induction part is located at the rock mass stress variable quantity covered at target borehole predetermined depth before and after core releases.
Wherein, the utilization in step S102 presses magnetic overcoring to determine earth's crust rock mass at target borehole predetermined depth Plane principal stress, specifically include：
Step 1, based on above-mentioned first pressure magnetic induction part contact with rock mass side wall and first press magnetic induction part suffered by outside Power reaches the state of predetermined threshold value, determines voltage before the pressure releases of the first pressure magnetic induction part；And
Step 2, the pressure magnetic based on outer layer covers rock mass set core release the state after probe is removed, and determine above-mentioned first pressure Voltage after the pressure releases of magnetic induction part；
Step 3, according to voltage after voltage before above-mentioned pressure releases and above-mentioned pressure releases determine it is each first pressure magnetic induction member Voltage drop value before and after the pressure releases of part；
Step 4, in the pressure magnetic that the outer layer covers rock mass of taking-up is covered to core releases sleeve of the probe placement in calibrating instrument Behind centre, each first pressure magnetic induction part that probe distal end is set is released to pressure magnetic and is pressurizeed step by step and release step by step；And
The first variation tendency between step 5, the voltage drop for recording each first pressure magnetic induction part and precharge pressure, and root Determine that first between the precharge pressure variable quantity of each first pressure magnetic induction part and voltage drop is linear according to first variation tendency Relation, above-mentioned first linear relationship are expressed as Δ S=K × Δ V, and Δ S represents the precharge pressure variable quantity of pressure magnetic induction part, Δ V represents the voltage drop of pressure magnetic induction part, and each first pressure magnetic induction part has respective core calibration coefficient respectively, because This, may be different between the first linear relationship of each first pressure magnetic induction part.
In this step, the realization principle process of the first linear relationship of each first pressure magnetic induction part is determined, refers to Fig. 5 The realization principle process of the middle metal calibration coefficient for determining each second pressure magnetic induction part, now it is positioned over the sleeve of calibrating instrument Central is the pressure magnetic releasing probe of outer layer covers rock mass set core, each first pressure magnetic induction part of display screen display on right side Voltage drop and precharge pressure between the first variation tendency, other will not be repeated here.
Step 6, according to voltage drop value before and after above-mentioned first linear relationship and above-mentioned pressure releases, determine each first pressure The size of the rock mass stress in direction where magnetic induction part；
Step 7, according to it is each it is above-mentioned first pressure magnetic induction part where direction above-mentioned rock mass stress size, determine above-mentioned The plane principal stress of earth's crust rock mass at target borehole predetermined depth, specifically, it was known that the direction of more than three pressure magnetic induction parts And stress value, the maximum principal stress value perpendicular to drilling plane and minimum principal stress value and its direction can be calculated.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, give using press magnetic overcoring measurement crustal stress process enter in target location The schematic diagram of row drilling, wherein, it is using pressing magnetic overcoring to measure the detailed process of crustal stress：
(1) the target borehole predetermined depth to be measured of earth's crust rock plane principal stress is selected, it is preferred that the target borehole Predetermined depth has the characteristics of relief is small, rock mass is complete, remote tomography, remote large area crushed zone；
(2) boring tower and rigging up are established in the target borehole predetermined depth, is hung down using diameter 130mm drilling tools in measurement point Straight punching downwards is the big drilling in top of " 1 " in Fig. 6, and to target borehole predetermined depth, (predetermined depth needs into rockmass Want rock mass complete, without crack), and beaten using horn-like drill bit in target depth opening position in horn mouth i.e. Fig. 6 under " 1 " End horn mouth (is easy to small hole forming and presses magnetic to release the placement popped one's head in)；
(3) the bottom small bore of " 2 " is crept into about 40cm i.e. Fig. 6 vertically downward using diameter 36mm drill bits along horn mouth, And small core is taken out, observe and determine whether on small core with the presence or absence of crack vestige by position progress geostress survey；
(4) small bore is cleaned using clear water, to prevent silt from producing interference to measurement result；
(5) pressure magnetic is released into probe placement in the rock body drilled formed away from earth's crust surface programming depth, seen in Fig. 6 " 3 ", augmentor is driven to start the first pressure magnetic induction member that control pressure magnetic releases probe distal end successively by external master control set Part is diametrically protruding, gradually in extruding to the palisades of rock body drilled, records extruding force value；When extruding force value reaches During to predetermined threshold value, it is diametrically protruding to stop the pressure magnetic induction part of control first；And measured by orienting device The azimuth relative to magnetic north pole of each first pressure magnetic induction part；
(6) core is covered with releasing：Orienting device and augmentor are taken out, will carry pressure magnetic using diameter 130mm drilling tools releases The rock mass overcoring of probe distal end part takes out, and sees in Fig. 6 " 4 ", parcel pressure magnetic release the rock mass set core of probe distal end gradually with The crustal stress effect isolation of the earth's crust rock mass of surrounding, the stress of at least three first pressure magnetic induction parts occur significant change, remembered Record the size of respective squeeze force value changes, when diameter 130mm drilling tools reach certain depth, twist into two parts core, by rock mass cover core and Press magnetic to release probe to take out；Wherein, voltage before pressure releases：Each first pressure magnetic induction part applies a precharge pressure P1, P2, P3..., now corresponding each first pressure magnetic induction part voltage is V1, V2, V3……；Voltage after pressure releases：Extracting During core, because aperture and rock mass stress environment are gradually isolated, the pressure born on the first pressure magnetic induction part reduces For P1', P '2, P '3..., now correspond to the first pressure magnetic induction part voltage drop and be reduced to V1', V '2, V '3……；Voltage drop becomes The explicit value Δ S of stress variation corresponding to change amount1, Δ S2, Δ S3..., wherein, Δ S1Represent the first pressure of serial number 1 The pressure variety of magnetic induction part, Δ S2Represent the pressure variety of the first pressure magnetic induction part of serial number 2, Δ S3Represent The pressure variety of first pressure magnetic induction part of serial number 3.
(7) field calibration：The pressure magnetic that the overcoat rock mass of taking-up is covered to core releases probe placement in calibrating instrument, makes pressure magnetic The the first pressure magnetic induction part for releasing probe is located at the sleeve center of calibrating instrument, so that at least three first pressure magnetic induction parts It is pressurized uniform；The first pressure magnetic induction part is pressurizeed step by step by oil pressure pump and release step by step, repetition are pressurizeed and unloaded step by step step by step Pressure is several times；The voltage drop of each first pressure magnetic induction part is recorded with the variation tendency between precharge pressure, and according to the change Trend determines the first linear relationship between precharge pressure and voltage drop；According to first linear relationship and release front and rear voltage Difference determines the size and Orientation of crustal stress, it is illustrated that referring to Fig. 5.
Wherein, using magnetic overcoring is pressed, obtain earth's crust rock mass target location datum plane principal stress it is theoretical according to According to specially：
As shown in Figure 7, it is assumed that the Infinite Plate of certain circular hole is stressed σ1And σ2Effect, equivalent to there is two principal stresses σ1And σ2Act on the Infinite Plate for the circular hole that Radius is a, according to analysis on elasticity, at the outer any point M of circular hole Stress be：
The radial stress of M points
The tangential stress of M points
The shear stress of M points
The σ in above-mentioned formularFor the radial stress of M points, σθFor the tangential stress of M points, τrθFor the shear stress of M points, r M Point arrives the distance of center of circular hole, and θ is M points and the angle wherein between stress field, as r=a, the stress shape as on circular hole wall State.
Strain regime around drilling rock can be determined according to above-mentioned formula, as a kind of special circumstances, in the present invention The deflection u of borehole wall is considered in the embodiment of offer, pressure magnetic induction part can recorded to be produced because measuring cell deforms u Raw voltage drop Δ V.According to calibration result, the linear relationship of pressure and voltage drop is S=K × Δ V, and wherein K is linear coefficient. Each pressure magnetic induction part has a similarity relation, and the feelings of 6 pressure magnetic induction parts are provided with for piezomagnetic probe front end Condition, then there are 6 different linear coefficients.Each pressure magnetic induction part is in rock plane principal stress σ1And σ2In the presence of, impression To pressure S have following relation：
The like, for the situation of 6 pressure magnetic induction parts, can measure to obtain the pressure of 6 different directions simultaneously Change value S1, S2, S3, S4, S5And S6.By least square method, the principal stress σ of measurement point plane can be calculated1And σ2Amount It is worth size and respective direction.
Wherein, it is necessary to release during the plane principal stress due to measuring earth's crust rock mass using pressure magnetic overcoring Earth's crust rock mass releases the rock mass stress of probe to pressure magnetic, and the rock mass set core that parcel pressure magnetic is released to probe distal end takes out, and passes through mark Determine the first linear relationship of each first pressure magnetic induction part when apparatus measures pressure magnetic releases outer probe parcel rock mass set core, and then Determine the earth's crust rock plane principal stress at a certain moment target borehole predetermined depth.That is, released using pressure magnetosheath core Method can only measure the plane principal stress of the earth's crust rock mass at a certain moment, and can not continue to observe the plane of any instant earth's crust rock mass Principal stress.Next, need pressure magnetic monitoring probe placement in the target for the pressure magnetic releasing probe for having taken out parcel rock mass set core At the predetermined depth that drills, and the stress size of the second pressure magnetic induction part and Impact direction are restored to covering core solution in rock mass Stress variation and stress direction one of the earth's crust rock mass of rock mass set core surrounding to each first pressure magnetic induction part during removing Cause, and then measure the variation tendency in plane principal stress value and direction after reduction in real time, so as to continuously measure to obtain the earth's crust The plane principal stress of the target borehole predetermined depth any instant of rock mass, and then realize the earth's crust to the target borehole predetermined depth The real-time monitoring of rock plane principal stress；Based on this, probe upper each second is released for the above-mentioned pressure magnetic of adjustment in step S103 The stress of magnetic induction part is pressed, is specifically included：
Preset deeply Step 1: releasing each the first of probe distal end based on above-mentioned pressure magnetic and pressing magnetic induction part to be located at target borehole The direction relative to magnetic north pole at degree, the phase of the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of pressure magnetic monitoring probe is adjusted by orienting device For the direction of magnetic north pole, so that the side relative to magnetic north pole of each second pressure magnetic induction part and each first pressure magnetic induction part To one-to-one corresponding；
Step 2: releasing each first pressure magnetic induction part of probe distal end based on above-mentioned pressure magnetic, to be located at above-mentioned target borehole pre- If depth releases front and rear rock mass stress variable quantity, the upper each second pressure magnetic induction of pressure magnetic monitoring probe is adjusted by augmentor Element pressure, so that the stress size of each second pressure magnetic induction part and the rock mass set core during rock mass set core releasing The earth's crust rock mass of surrounding is consistent to the stress variation of each first pressure magnetic induction part.
Specifically, prestress are applied at least three second pressure magnetic induction parts that probe distal end setting is monitored for pressure magnetic During, it is necessary to which keeping original pressure magnetic to release the direction for the first pressure magnetic induction part that probe distal end is set is similarly α1, α2, α3... it is corresponding constant, and each second pressure magnetic induction part increased to the stress that macropore hole wall rock mass contact by zero predetermined Stress value.When pressing each second pressure magnetic induction part of magnetic monitoring probe to reach correspondence direction, by α1, α2, α3... the second of direction Pressure magnetic induction part applies pressure successively, according to the voltage drop of each second pressure magnetic induction part of pressure magnetic monitoring probe and stress value Demarcation relation, make it is each second pressure magnetic induction part corresponding to stress value reach Δ S1, Δ S2, Δ S3……。
Specifically, it is contemplated that either press magnetic to release probe or pressure magnetic monitoring probe, the pressure magnetic induction that its front end is set Element is more, and measurement accuracy is higher, but correspondingly cost is also higher, takes into account device cost and the data exploitation value collected Value, in embodiment provided by the invention, it is preferred that the front end that above-mentioned pressure magnetic releases probe is provided with six first pressure magnetic induction Element, it is 30 ° to overlook angle between adjacent first pressure magnetic induction part two-by-two；
The front end of above-mentioned pressure magnetic monitoring probe is provided with six second pressure magnetic induction parts, two-by-two adjacent second pressure magnetic induction It is 30 ° that angle is overlooked between element.
Wherein, magnetic is either pressed to release probe or pressure magnetic monitoring probe, the number for the pressure magnetic induction part that its front end is set Measure for 6 the main reason for it is as follows：
(1) the datum plane principal stress for pressing earth's crust rock mass at magnetic overcoring measurement target borehole predetermined depth is being utilized When, 3 pressure changing informations for pressing magnetic induction part are at least needed, if 6 pressures in unnecessary 3 or the present embodiment The pressure changing information of magnetic induction part, then it can ensure just to obtain reliable, sufficiently high accuracy by one-shot measurement；
(2) every time in measurement, the data of at least 3 pressure magnetic induction parts participate in calculating every time, can independently be surveyed Measure the crustal stress states of point, then can obtainGroup crustal stress states, this 20 groups of crustal stress information, according to least square Method may insure once successfully to measure the crustal stress states that can be obtained by measurement point high precision；
(3) situation that six pressure magnetic induction parts are set in piezomagnetic probe front end is directed to, two-by-two adjacent pressure magnetic induction part Between overlook angle be 30 °, therefore, by press magnetic monitoring probe placement in taken out parcel rock mass set core pressure magnetic release probe Target borehole predetermined depth at when, due to six second pressure magnetic induction parts pressure magnetic monitoring probe distal end arrangement orientation with The arrangement orientation that six first pressure magnetic induction parts release probe distal end in pressure magnetic is identical, therefore, as long as one second pressure Magnetic induction part and one first pressure magnetic induction part aligning direction, then remaining five second pressure magnetic induction parts with remaining five Individual first pressure magnetic induction part is aligned automatically, and the space of six second pressure magnetic induction parts of magnetic monitoring probe will be pressed so as to realize Relative bearing keeps six first pressure magnetic induction parts of the pressure magnetic releasing probe before being released with set core completely the same, meanwhile, It is easy to operate in whole alignment reduction process；
(4) any instant pressure magnetic monitors the voltage drop process of each second pressure magnetic induction part on probe after monitoring adjusts In, even if pressure magnetic monitoring probe has 1-2 second pressure magnetic induction part damage or data exception, it can give up and not have to, still HaveGroup orGroup data can use, and can guarantee that enough measurement accuracy, even if there is 3 second pressure magnetic induction parts Damage is abnormal, still has 3 pressure magnetic induction parts to ensure minimum measurement validity；In turn, any 3 pressures magnetic strength Answer the result of element measurement in a closed series should be identical, if with the presence of a certain or some measurement in a closed series results with it is most of combine it is substantially inclined Difference, then it can go out data exception or the invalid second pressure magnetic induction part by comparison inspection.It can be said that these two aspects is mutual Verify and ensure that the validity, accuracy and reliability of monitoring result；
(5) it is 30 ° to overlook angle between adjacent pressure magnetic induction part two-by-two, and the angle belongs to special angle, not only processing system Make and easy for installation, and calculate easy.
Where it is assumed that the aperture for the drilling for releasing probe for placing pressure magnetic is R2For placing the brill of pressure magnetic monitoring probe The aperture in hole is R1, R1＞ R2, however, the earth's crust rock mass stress state of probe and pressure magnetic monitoring probe is released based on pressure magnetic, can The plane principal stress of earth's crust rock mass at continuous monitoring target borehole predetermined depth, connect so as to obtain at the target borehole predetermined depth The main reason for continuous stress information is：
The basis of drilling geostress survey and long term monitoring is plane stress problem, and its theoretical foundation is in Infinite Plate The elastic deformation problem of circular hole hole wall, therefore, the boring aperture for whether obtaining datum plane principal stress is R2Aperture, still The boring aperture for carrying out continuous measurement stress variation is R1Macropore, relative to infinity earth's crust rock mass for, this hole Footpath change in size or difference can be ignored, you can to think R1With R2Approximately equal, that is to say, that can be considered as to target Earth's crust rock mass stress state at drilling predetermined depth does not influence, so as to using each second pressure magnetic of pressure magnetic monitoring probe distal end Each first pressure magnetic induction part that sensing element recovers to press magnetic to release probe distal end in the corresponding direction releases the plane before set core Benchmark principal stress state is theoretically feasible.
It should be noted that the method for continuous measuring of above-mentioned earth's crust rock plane stress can be used for water power, mine, tunnel The real-time continuous measurement of rock mass stress in the chamber structure such as field, it can also be used to which crustal stress change is real-time near active fault Continuous measurement.
Based on same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of measuring system of earth's crust rock plane stress, It is similar to foregoing measuring method to solve the principle of problem by these systems, therefore the implementation of the system may refer to foregoing side The implementation of method, repeat part and repeat no more.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of continuous real-time measurement system of earth's crust rock plane stress, and the system includes： Stress measurement equipment；The method for continuous measuring measurement target borehole of the above-mentioned earth's crust rock plane stress of the stress measurement equipment application The plane principal stress of any instant earth's crust rock mass at predetermined depth.
Wherein, above-mentioned stress measurement equipment includes：Master control set, orienting device, augmentor, pressure magnetic release probe and pressure Magnetic monitoring probe.
For using press magnetic overcoring determine earth's crust rock mass at target borehole predetermined depth plane principal stress mistake Journey, specifically：
Above-mentioned orienting device, under being controlled in master control set, measurement pressure magnetic releases each first pressure magnetic strength of probe distal end Answer the azimuth relative to magnetic north pole of element；
Above-mentioned augmentor, under being controlled in master control set, start control pressure magnetic successively and release each the of probe distal end One pressure magnetic induction part it is diametrically protruding, until first pressure magnetic induction part contacted with rock mass side wall and first press magnetic External force reaches predetermined threshold value suffered by sensing element.
The process of the stress of the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe is released for adjustment pressure magnetic, specifically：
Above-mentioned orienting device, under being controlled in master control set, the upper each second pressure magnetic induction member of adjustment pressure magnetic monitoring probe The direction relative to magnetic north pole of part, so that each second presses magnetic induction part with each first pressure magnetic induction part relative to magnetic north The direction of pole corresponds；
Above-mentioned augmentor, under being controlled in master control set, the upper each second pressure magnetic induction member of adjustment pressure magnetic monitoring probe Part pressure, so that the stress size of each second pressure magnetic induction part and the rock mass set core four during rock mass set core releasing The earth's crust rock mass in week is consistent to the stress variation of each first pressure magnetic induction part.
Further, said system also includes：Calibrating instrument, the calibrating instrument, for being positioned over its sleeve center Magnetic is pressed to release probe or pressurization and the release step by step step by step of pressure magnetic monitoring probe.
Specifically, the front end that above-mentioned pressure magnetic releases probe is provided with six first pressure magnetic induction parts, two-by-two adjacent first Vertical view angle is 30 ° between pressing magnetic induction part；
The front end of above-mentioned pressure magnetic monitoring probe is provided with six second pressure magnetic induction parts, two-by-two adjacent second pressure magnetic induction It is 30 ° that angle is overlooked between element.
In the measuring system of earth's crust rock plane stress provided in an embodiment of the present invention, first, using pressing magnetosheath core solution Division determines the datum plane principal stress of earth's crust rock mass at target borehole predetermined depth, and determines each on pressure magnetic monitoring probe Second linear relationship of the second pressure magnetic induction part；Then, probe is released based on pressure magnetic to be arranged at target borehole predetermined depth Stress, the pressure magnetic that adjustment is positioned over corresponding position releases the stress of the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe； Finally, any instant pressure magnetic monitors the voltage drop of the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe after measurement adjustment in real time, according to benchmark Plane principal stress, the second linear relationship and current voltage drop determine current plane principal stress.Target brill can be so obtained in real time The absolute earth's crust rock plane principal stress of any instant at the predetermined depth of hole, a certain target in earth's crust rock mass is bored so as to realize The real-time monitoring of the plane principal stress of hole predetermined depth.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following accompanying drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi It is defined, then it further need not be defined and explained in subsequent accompanying drawing in individual accompanying drawing.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, term " " center ", " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " vertical ", The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outer " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, or should Invention product using when the orientation usually put or position relationship, be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, without It is instruction or implies that signified device or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore not It is understood that as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and can not manage Solve to indicate or implying relative importance.
In the description of the invention, it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " setting ", " installation ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or one Connect body；Can be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirect by intermediary It is connected, can is the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, on being understood with concrete condition State the concrete meaning of term in the present invention.
Finally it should be noted that：Embodiment described above, it is only the embodiment of the present invention, to illustrate the present invention Technical scheme, rather than its limitations, protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although with reference to the foregoing embodiments to this hair It is bright to be described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that：Any one skilled in the art The invention discloses technical scope in, it can still modify to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment or can be light Change is readily conceivable that, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic；And these modifications, change or replacement, do not make The essence of appropriate technical solution departs from the spirit and scope of technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention.The protection in the present invention should all be covered Within the scope of.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention described should be defined by scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for continuous measuring of earth's crust rock plane stress, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
After the pressure magnetic in stress measurement equipment is released into probe placement at the target borehole predetermined depth in earth's crust rock mass, point Not controlling the pressure magnetic to release each first on popping one's head in presses magnetic induction part diametrically protruding, until the described first pressure Magnetic induction part contacts with rock mass side wall and described first presses external force suffered by magnetic induction part to reach predetermined threshold value, the pressure magnetic solution Except the front end of probe is provided with least three first pressure magnetic induction parts；
Using the plane principal stress for pressing magnetic overcoring to determine earth's crust rock mass at the target borehole predetermined depth, and determine Precharge pressure variable quantity and the voltage drop of each second pressure magnetic induction part on pressure magnetic monitoring probe in stress measurement equipment it Between the second linear relationship, it is described pressure magnetic monitoring probe front end be provided with least three second pressure magnetic induction parts；
The pressure magnetic monitoring probe placement is being released to the target borehole of probe in the pressure magnetic for having taken out parcel rock mass set core After at predetermined depth, the stress that the pressure magnetic releases the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of probe is adjusted, so that each institute State the stress size and Impact direction and the rock mass set core four during rock mass set core releasing of the second pressure magnetic induction part The earth's crust rock mass in week is consistent with stress direction to the stress variation of each first pressure magnetic induction part；
The rock mass for pressing the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of magnetic monitoring probe to be born after measurement adjustment described in any instant should Voltage drop corresponding to power variable quantity；
Datum plane principal stress using the plane principal stress as earth's crust rock mass at the target borehole predetermined depth, according to institute When stating datum plane principal stress, second linear relationship and the voltage drop and determining any at the target borehole predetermined depth Carve the plane principal stress of earth's crust rock mass.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure magnetic monitoring probe in the identified sign measuring apparatus On it is each second pressure magnetic induction part precharge pressure variable quantity and voltage drop between the second linear relationship, including：
After by sleeve center of the pressure magnetic monitoring probe placement of outer layer covers metallic sheath core in calibrating instrument, to the pressure magnetic prison Each second pressure magnetic induction part that the front end of probing head is set pressurizes step by step and release step by step；
Record the second variation tendency between the voltage drop of each second pressure magnetic induction part and precharge pressure, and according to this Two variation tendencies determine that pressure magnetic monitoring outer probe wraps up the metal of each second pressure magnetic induction part during the metallic sheath core Calibration coefficient KS；
The on magnetic monitoring probe each second metal calibration coefficient for pressing magnetic induction part is pressed based on being respectively placed in metallic sheath core, It is determined that cover core same elastic modulus material in pressure magnetic monitoring outer probe parcel and the rock mass of the target borehole predetermined depth The core calibration coefficient K of each second pressure magnetic induction part during the rock mass of materialR；
According to the core calibration coefficient corresponding to each second pressure magnetic induction part, the second pressure magnetic induction part is determined The second linear relationship between precharge pressure variable quantity and voltage drop, second linear relationship are expressed as Δ S=KR×ΔV。
3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that pressed based on being respectively placed in metallic sheath core on magnetic monitoring probe The metal calibration coefficient of each second pressure magnetic induction part, it is determined that in pressure magnetic monitoring outer probe parcel and the target borehole The core mark of each second pressure magnetic induction part during the rock mass of the rock mass set core same elastic modulus material of predetermined depth Determine coefficient, including：
According to formulaWith each metal calibration coefficient KS, it is determined that outer in pressure magnetic monitoring probe Each described second during the rock mass of layer parcel and the rock mass set core same elastic modulus material of the target borehole predetermined depth Press the core calibration coefficient K of magnetic induction partR；
Wherein, KRRepresent the core calibration coefficient of a certain second pressure magnetic induction part, KSRepresent a certain second pressure magnetic induction part Metal calibration coefficient, ERRepresent the modulus of elasticity of rock mass set core, ESThe modulus of elasticity of metallic sheath core is represented, E represents a certain second pressure The modulus of elasticity of magnetic induction part itself, B represent a certain second pressure magnetic induction part equivalent cross-sectional area, uRRepresent rock mass set core Elastic deformation amount, uSThe elastic deformation amount of metallic sheath core is represented, a represents the internal diameter of metallic sheath core, and b represents to monitor in earth's crust rock mass The internal diameter of drilling.
4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the adjustment pressure magnetic releases probe upper each described second The stress of magnetic induction part is pressed, including：
Each first pressure magnetic induction part that probe distal end is released based on the pressure magnetic is located at the target borehole predetermined depth The direction relative to magnetic north pole at place, the relative of the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part of pressure magnetic monitoring probe is adjusted by orienting device In the direction of magnetic north pole, so that each described second presses magnetic induction part with each first pressure magnetic induction part relative to magnetic north The direction of pole corresponds；
Each first pressure magnetic induction part that probe distal end is released based on the pressure magnetic is located at the target borehole predetermined depth Place releases front and rear rock mass stress variable quantity, and the upper each second pressure magnetic induction part institute of pressure magnetic monitoring probe is adjusted by augmentor It is stressed.
5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that determine that the target borehole is pre- using magnetic overcoring is pressed If the plane principal stress of depth earth's crust rock mass, including：
Contacted based on the described first pressure magnetic induction part with rock mass side wall and described first presses external force suffered by magnetic induction part to reach The state of predetermined threshold value, determine voltage before the pressure releases of the first pressure magnetic induction part；And
The pressure magnetic based on outer layer covers rock mass set core releases the state after probe is removed, and determines the first pressure magnetic induction Voltage after the pressure releases of element；
The pressure of each first pressure magnetic induction part is determined according to voltage after voltage before the pressure releases and the pressure releases Voltage drop value before and after power releases；
Probe placement is released in the sleeve center of calibrating instrument in the pressure magnetic of rock mass set core described in the outer layer covers by taking-up Afterwards, each first pressure magnetic induction part that probe distal end is set is released to the pressure magnetic to pressurize step by step and release step by step；And
Record the first variation tendency between the voltage drop of each first pressure magnetic induction part and precharge pressure, and according to this One variation tendency determines the first linear pass between the precharge pressure variable quantity of each first pressure magnetic induction part and voltage drop System, first linear relationship are expressed as Δ S=K × Δ V；
According to voltage drop value before and after first linear relationship and the pressure releases, each first pressure magnetic induction is determined The size of the rock mass stress in direction where element；
According to the size of the rock mass stress in direction where each first pressure magnetic induction part, determine that the target borehole is pre- If the plane principal stress of depth earth's crust rock mass.
6. according to the method described in any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that the front end that the pressure magnetic releases probe is set There are six first pressure magnetic induction parts, it is 30 ° to overlook angle between the first pressure magnetic induction part two-by-two；
The front end of the pressure magnetic monitoring probe is provided with six second pressure magnetic induction parts, two-by-two the second pressure magnetic induction part Between overlook angle be 30 °.
A kind of 7. measuring system of earth's crust rock plane stress, it is characterised in that including：Stress measurement equipment；The stress is surveyed Measure any instant earth's crust rock mass at the method measurement target borehole predetermined depth described in equipment application any one of claim 1 to 6 Plane principal stress.
8. system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the stress measurement equipment includes：Master control set, orientation dress Put, augmentor, pressure magnetic release probe and pressure magnetic monitoring probe.
9. system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the system also includes：Calibrating instrument, the marking apparatus Device, for releasing probe or pressurization and the release step by step step by step of pressure magnetic monitoring probe to the pressure magnetic for being positioned over its sleeve center.
10. system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the front end that the pressure magnetic releases probe is provided with six the One pressure magnetic induction part, it is 30 ° to overlook angle between the first pressure magnetic induction part two-by-two；
The front end of the pressure magnetic monitoring probe is provided with six second pressure magnetic induction parts, two-by-two the second pressure magnetic induction part Between overlook angle be 30 °.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115014588A (en) * 2022-08-08 2022-09-06 煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 Rock stress detection system and method, electronic device and storage medium
CN115014588B (en) * 2022-08-08 2022-11-04 煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 Rock stress detection system and method, electronic device and storage medium

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