CN107605451B - A kind of ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method based on combined perforation - Google Patents
A kind of ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method based on combined perforation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107605451B CN107605451B CN201710835238.XA CN201710835238A CN107605451B CN 107605451 B CN107605451 B CN 107605451B CN 201710835238 A CN201710835238 A CN 201710835238A CN 107605451 B CN107605451 B CN 107605451B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting methods based on combined perforation, including ladder displacement pump being used to note slippery water fracturing fluid after (1) perforation, (2) guanidine gum fracturing fluid of the pump note containing proppant, (3) pump note clear water is replaced, (4) proppant ratio is promoted, and pump guanidine gum fracturing fluid of the note containing proppant, (5) note clear water is pumped again, alternately pump note to proppant ratio reaches 20% to such sand-laden fluid with clear water, (6) finally pump note a large amount of clear water to completely by proppant replacement in crack.The invention also includes the pit shafts of the perforation containing combined structure.The present invention is conducive to form complicated fracture network in the larger untraditional reservoir of buried depth, and effectively increases the scale of hydraulic fracture, so as to fulfill the purpose of artificial increase permeability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to untraditional reservoir development technique field more particularly to a kind of ladder rows based on combined perforation
Measure fracturing pump injecting method.
Background technology
With the continuous reduction of conventional gas resource, development difficulty continues to increase, using shale gas, coal bed gas as representative
Unconventional gas affecting world energy sources pattern.China's unconventional petroleum resources rich reserves, potentiality to be exploited is huge,
And breakthrough progress is also achieved for the exploration and development of unconventional petroleum resources at present, but not yet formed and be suitable for state of China
The technical issues of unconventionaloil pool production technique system of feelings, many keys, needs to solve.
Domestic and international theory practice research shows that, be segmented the volume fracturing technology of sub-clustering and become and develop untraditional reservoir
One of main means, it is one of volume fracturing main target that complicated fracture network is formed in reservoir.Oriented perforating and spiral
Perforation is two kinds of perforation types most commonly seen in current pressing crack construction process, however as the increase of reservoir depth, geology
Evolution grade is violent, and construction and crustal stress are more complicated, and to the requirement of exploration and development technology, also higher, conventional perforation type are often difficult
To meet technology requirement.
At present, for the research of perforation in oil-gas reservoir pressure break, mainly using following methods：
The fracturing technology of individual layer mostly seam is realized by stereo staggered oriented perforating technology, including：Pit shaft is preferred, optimizes perforation
Parameter；Optimize oriented perforating type and scope of construction item；Progress pressing crack construction and etc., stereo staggered oriented perforating is used in patent
Type is constructed so that adjacent two sections of perforation orientations are different, and every section of crack crack initiation and extension at different direction avoid crack
Between alter it is logical, realize one-trip string complete four sections or more pressure breaks, improve construction efficiency.But the larger unconventionaloil pool storage of buried depth
Layer, especially the stronger shale reservoir of inhomogeneity, oriented perforating are often extremely difficult to ideal effect.
Coordinate the method for acidification transformation bottom water reservoir based on quasi- horizontal plane perforation, it will be under perforating gun by cable or oil pipe
It puts to interval of interest, the preset perforation plane of then perforating gun alignment carries out perforation, finally injects acid solution, when acid solution enters
After perforation in the preset perforation plane, the reservoir near perforation plane is transformed, ensure that man-made fracture
In oil reservoir internal stretch, avoid linking up bottom water, achieve the purpose that volume increase.But the acid fracturing that the program is provided is to unconventional oil
Gas reservoir does not apply to simultaneously, and the reservoir reconstruction prioritization scheme based on hydraulic fracturing is only the core of the untraditional reservoirs such as exploitation shale gas
One of heart technology.
A kind of perforating methods for improving casing Deviated Well Fracturing effect, mainly include the following steps：Perforating depth is carried out first
Positioning；Then it carries out repeatedly sitting key；Bearing measurement is carried out, then carries out downhole orientation；After the completion of orientation, pressurization detonation；Determined
To perforation；Sand fracturing transformation has been carried out after the completion of perforation immediately.Improve perforation success rate, without spray gesture after perforation,
Achieve the purpose that optimize fracture pattern, reduced formation fracture pressure.But the program only optimizes gun perforation process, not to perforation
Structure proposes prioritization scheme, and is not directed to the pump injecting method of fracturing fluid.
Fracturing reform method based on intrinsic fracture reservoir, mainly including the use of linear glue body to reservoir is transformed into row order
Terraced discharge capacity construction, the closure three times carried out to transformation reservoir injection slippery water and the first specification proppant, forms three-level waterpower and splits
Seam complicates effect so as to improve the fracturing fracture of intrinsic fracture reservoir.But the program is not directed to ladder discharge capacity pressing crack construction
Specific discharge capacity.
At present, more complicated deep layer untraditional reservoir is seldom related to for the research of untraditional reservoir pressure break, and
With continuing to increase for Exploitation Depth, geotechnic stress is gradually complicated, stronger especially for anisotropism, the page of fracture development
Rock reservoir, since the complexity and extended distance in crack are often difficult to ensure that, so as to reduce recovery ratio.
Invention content
In view of this, ladder discharge capacity pressure break is carried out to reservoir based on combined perforation the embodiment provides one kind
The method for pumping note, this method have stronger adaptability for the more complicated deep layer untraditional reservoir of geotechnic stress, split
Seam can be supported effectively, long-term water conservancy diversion effect stability.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method based on combined perforation, using containing combination
The pit shaft of type perforation carries out perforation to reservoir, carries out ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump note to the reservoir for completing perforation, includes the following steps：
S1. the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is set, carrying out pressure break to reservoir using slippery water fracturing fluid forms level-one
Hydraulic fracture, in fracturing process, ladder promotes the discharge capacity of slippery water fracturing fluid, and utilizes the smooth hydraulic pressure of different displacements successively
It splits liquid and pressure break is carried out to reservoir, to form two, three-level hydraulic fracture；
S2. slippery water fracturing fluid is changed to guanidine gum fracturing fluid, sets guanidine gum fracturing fluid discharge capacity, the pump note guanidine glue into reservoir
Fracturing fluid contains proppant in the guanidine gum fracturing fluid；
S3. the pump note clear water into reservoir, proppant described in step S2 is replaced into crack；
S4. the ratio of entrained proppant in guanidine gum fracturing fluid is promoted on the basis of step S2, pump note is taken into reservoir
Guanidine gum fracturing fluid with proppant；
S5. the ratio for repeating to carry proppant in step S3 and S4 to guanidine gum fracturing fluid reaches 20%, and pump note guanidine glue laminated is split
The discharge capacity of liquid is identical with the final discharge capacity in step S1；
S6. into reservoir, pump note clear water replaces proppant in crack completely.
Further, the pit shaft containing combined perforation includes pit shaft, and the pit shaft type is horizontal well, and is located at reservoir
Interior, the pit shaft is shallow equipped with multi-openings section by being deep in horizontal segment, and each perforated interval of the pit shaft includes four perforation clusters,
Each perforation cluster includes oriented perforating and spiral perforation, and the oriented perforating is shallow by being deep in horizontal segment on the barrel of pit shaft
Be arranged in a linear, the spiral perforation on the barrel of pit shaft in horizontal segment by being deep to shallow circumferencial direction helical arrangement, per in cluster
Spiral perforation start helical arrangement using same cluster interior orientation perforation starting point arranged in a straight line as starting point, the orientation in the perforation cluster
The phase angle between oriented perforating row in perforation row and adjacent perforations cluster is 90 °, four oriented perforatings in each perforated interval
Cluster can be distributed in 4 directions, respectively it is horizontal to the left, it is horizontal to the right, straight up and straight down.
Further, each phase angle between spiral perforation and adjoining spiral perforation is 60 ° in the perforation cluster, each spiral
Axial spacing between perforation and adjoining spiral perforation is 8cm, and the axial spacing between each oriented perforating and adjacent oriented perforating is
8cm, the spacing between the perforation cluster and adjacent perforations cluster are 8m, and the length of each perforation cluster is 1-1.5m, and every meter includes 21
The aperture of spiral perforation and oriented perforating, the spiral perforation and oriented perforating is 10.5mm.
Further, in the step S1, the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is related to the physical property of reservoir, and reservoir more causes
Close, the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is smaller, and the fracture development of reservoir is the better, and the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is got over
Greatly；The discharge capacity that ladder promotes slippery water fracturing fluid is set according to the well head limit value of operation pressure and pit shaft.
Further, in the step S1, it is contemplated that the practical pump note ability of pump group, from the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid
To the final discharge capacity of slippery water fracturing fluid, ladder is promoted the discharge capacity experience of the slippery water fracturing fluid twice, promotes rank for the first time
Terraced amplification promotes step increase as 75%-150%, the step increase for the second time more than 100%：
Wherein R be step increase, Sn+1Represent latter ladder displacement value, SnRepresent previous ladder displacement value, n=1,2.
Further, the initial displacement of the slippery water fracturing fluid is 2-4m3/ min, after being promoted for the first time, the slippery water
The discharge capacity of fracturing fluid is 6-8m3/ min, after second is promoted, the discharge capacity of the slippery water fracturing fluid is 12-16m3/min。
Further, the step S1 includes the following steps：
S1.1. the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is set, pressure break is carried out to reservoir using slippery water fracturing fluid, obtains one
Grade hydraulic fracture；
S1.2. discharge capacity is promoted on the basis of step S1.1, pressure break is carried out to reservoir using slippery water fracturing fluid, obtains two
Grade hydraulic fracture；
S1.3. discharge capacity is promoted on the basis of step S1.2, pressure break is carried out to reservoir using slippery water fracturing fluid, obtains three
Grade hydraulic fracture.
Further, the slippery water fracturing fluid is mainly made of the raw material of following mass percentage：Drag reducer 0.1%,
Cleanup additive 0.3%, clay stabilizer 1%；The guanidine gum fracturing fluid is mainly made of the raw material of following mass percentage：Guanidine glue
0.5%th, KCl 0.5%, clay stabilizer 0.3%, cleanup additive 0.5%, organic borate cross-linker 0.3%；The slippery water pressure break
45%-50% of the ratio of liquid for the sum of slippery water fracturing fluid and guanidine gum fracturing fluid；The proppant be Midst density haydite, grain size
0.425-0.85mm, bulk density 1.75g/cm3, performance indicator, which requires to reach as defined in SY/T 5108-2006 standards, to be referred to
Mark.
Further, in the step S2, the discharge capacity of guanidine gum fracturing fluid and the final discharge capacity phase of the afterbody in step S1
Together, it is 12-16m3/ min, specific displacement value is related with the pump note ability of ground pump group, and in pump note guanidine gum fracturing fluid and clear water
Keep this discharge capacity constant during replacement, the initial proportion that the guanidine gum fracturing fluid carries proppant is 5%.
Further, in the step S3, the liquid measure of pump note clear water carries the liquid measure of the guanidine gum fracturing fluid of proppant with pump note
Identical, the liquid measure that pump note carries the guanidine gum fracturing fluid of proppant every time is 40-60m3。
Further, in the step S4, the ratio that proppant is carried in each guanidine gum fracturing fluid promotes 1%.
Further, in the step S6, into reservoir, the liquid measure of pump note clear water is in 100m3More than.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) based on energy transforming principle, the pump injecting method of ladder discharge capacity pressure break in segmentation sub-clustering pressure break is optimized, and is combined
The actual conditions at pressing crack construction scene give specific displacement value in ladder discharge capacity pressure break, complex for geotechnic stress
Deep layer untraditional reservoir there is stronger adaptability, crack can effectively support, long-term water conservancy diversion effect stability.
(2) pressure break is carried out using the pit shaft containing combined perforation, can both increases the length of hydraulic fracture, also can effectively keep away
Exempt from Deep Oil And Gas Exploration and ensconce the drawbacks of only forming hydraulic fracture at nearly pit shaft end in fracturing process, and combined perforation can be each
Direction goes out liquid, has well adapting to property for the deep reservoir of geotechnic stress direction complexity.In addition, the dispersion of perforation orientation
So that position relationship when hydraulic fracture intersects with intrinsic fracture becomes diversification, increase hydraulic fracture and penetrate intrinsic fracture
Probability, so as to increase the scale in crack.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1, which is that the present invention is a kind of, carries out reservoir based on combined perforation have combination in the method for ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump note
One schematic diagram of pit shaft of type perforation.Wherein, 1- pit shafts, 2- perforation clusters, 21- oriented perforatings, 22- spiral perforations, A are horizontal segment, B
For straight well section, it is at well depth close to A ends, is the shallow place of well close to B ends；
Fig. 2 is shaft section schematic diagram, to represent a kind of pit shaft orientation；
Fig. 3 is an a kind of flow of the method for carrying out ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump note to reservoir based on combined perforation of invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is further described.
By taking the shale gas fractured well of the Sichuan Basin as an example, the embodiment provides one kind to be based on combined perforation pair
The method that reservoir carries out ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump note, this method should at least include：Using the pit shaft containing combined perforation to reservoir
Carry out perforation, perforating modes and parameter optimization；To the reservoir progress ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump note for completing perforation.
Reservoir basic parameter is：Reservoir thickness 38m, 95 DEG C of temperature, porosity 4.28%, strata pressure 38.94MPa, ground
Force coefficient 1.55, clossing pressure 54.8MPa are laminated, reservoir shale be averaged Poisson's ratio as 0.17, and the Young's modulus that is averaged is
34.25GPa。
Mainly wellbore parameters are：Vertical depth 3973.33m, horizontal segment length 1625.21m three are opened totally, and horizontal segment three is opened outside casing
Diameter is 139.7mm, and pit shaft direction is parallel with bed plane.
It is required according to well log interpretation situation, construction requirement, HSE and well control, according to reservoir properties, structural plane developmental state,
And horizontal crustal stress difference condition reasonable arrangement perforation and fluid injection construction.
It please refers to Fig.1, the pit shaft for having combined perforation includes pit shaft 1, and 1 type of pit shaft is horizontal well, and is located at storage
In layer, shallow equipped with multi-openings section by being deep in horizontal segment on the pit shaft 1, each perforated interval includes four perforation clusters 2, specifically
The quantity and length of perforation cluster 2 should according to the physical property of reservoir and packer set condition depending on, in embodiment, each section is penetrated
The length of hole cluster 2 is 1-1.5m, and spacing between the perforation cluster 2 and adjacent perforations cluster 2 is 8m, the orientation in the perforation cluster 2
The phase angle between oriented perforating 21 in perforation 21 and adjacent perforations cluster 2 is 90 °.
Each perforation cluster 2 includes oriented perforating 21 and spiral perforation 22, and in one embodiment, every meter includes 21 spirals
The aperture of perforation 21 and oriented perforating 22, the spiral perforation 22 and oriented perforating 21 be 10.5mm, combined two kinds of perforation collection
The advantage of perforation, not only improves the development length of increase major fracture, ensures the width in crack, while to deep shale gas
The inhomogeneity of reservoir well adapting to property again is conducive to expand the scale of hydraulic fracture.
Please refer to Fig.2, oriented perforating 21 on the barrel of pit shaft 1 horizontal segment by be deep to it is shallow be arranged in a linear, perforation cluster 2
In each axial spacing between oriented perforating and adjacent oriented perforating be 8cm, the oriented perforating 21 in each perforated interval can be covered
Straight up, straight down, it is horizontal to the left with it is horizontal to the right, i.e., positive S and positive N directions.
Spiral perforation 22 is on the barrel of pit shaft 1 in horizontal segment by being deep to shallow along the circumferential direction helical arrangement, and the spiral shell
Rotation perforation 22 starts helical arrangement by starting point of same cluster oriented perforating 21 starting point arranged in a straight line, and each spiral is penetrated in perforation cluster 2
Phase angle between hole 22 and adjoining spiral perforation 22 is 60 °, between each spiral perforation 22 and adjoining spiral perforation 22 it is axial away from
It is logical to prevent crack from altering from for 8cm, the influence of stress shadow effects is reduced, should suitably increase the spacing between perforation axial direction, therefore set
For 8cm.
Ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump note process is for a certain section of fracturing process, other sections can be used similarly
Method carries out pressure break or is finely adjusted according to actual conditions.
Hanging type well under Φ 60.32mm oil pipes and KQ65/70 types is selected, and annular space injection fracturing technology is taken to be noted
Liquid, lower Φ 60.32mm external upset tubings tail band Φ 116mm × 2.0m gauguste cutters, band ball seat, drifting to artificial bottom of a well.Lower tubular column
Midway is hampered pressurization less than 30KN；The standby clear water not less than 2 times of hole volumes in scene, to be not less than 0.65m3The discharge capacity of/min is anti-
Well-flushing is consistent to water quality is imported and exported.Full wellbore casing pressure testing 30MPa, 30min pressure drop is less than 0.5MPa for qualification；Oil pipe pitching,
Pressurize 25MPa, and 30min pressure drops are less than 0.5MPa for qualification；It is proposed tubing string in well, gun shaped selection SYD-102 types in hole are installed later
KQ65/70 type christmas trees.
It please refers to Fig.3, ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump note includes the following steps：S1. the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is set,
The initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is related to the physical property of reservoir, and reservoir is finer and close, and the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is smaller,
The fracture development of reservoir is the better, and the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is bigger；Reservoir is pressed using slippery water fracturing fluid
It splits to form level-one crack, in fracturing process, ladder promotes the discharge capacity of slippery water fracturing fluid, to form two, three-level hydraulic fracture,
The discharge capacity that ladder promotes slippery water fracturing fluid is set according to the well head limit value of operation pressure and pit shaft, from slippery water pressure break
The initial displacement of liquid to slippery water fracturing fluid final discharge capacity, the slippery water fracturing fluid discharge capacity experience twice ladder promoted,
Step increase is promoted for the first time more than 100%, and it is 75%-150% that second, which promotes step increase,；The step increase is promoted
Calculation formula it is as follows：
Wherein R be step increase, Sn+1Represent latter ladder displacement value, SnRepresent previous ladder displacement value, n=1,2.
Pressure break is carried out to reservoir using the slippery water fracturing fluid of different displacements successively.
Based on energy transforming principle and the analysis ladder discharge capacity fracturing process discovery of hydraulic fracturing physical simulation experiment is combined, when
When the pump note discharge capacity of next stage reaches twice or so on last stage, new hydraulic fracture is often generated, it is otherwise, sliding
Slip water fracturing fluid only can play the effect of of short duration increase slit width from primary fracture leak-off, and be set with reference to current hydraulic fracturing pump group
Standby actual conditions design three discharge capacities, and the ladder raised stage more meets reality.
Slippery water fracturing fluid is mainly made of the raw material of following mass percentage：Drag reducer 0.1%, cleanup additive 0.3%,
Clay stabilizer 1%.
Specifically, the step S1 includes the following steps：
S1.1. the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid, preferably 2-4m are set3/ min, using slippery water fracturing fluid to storage
Layer carries out pressure break, obtains level-one hydraulic fracture；
S1.2. discharge capacity, preferably 6-8m are promoted for the first time on the basis of step S1.13/ min utilizes slippery water pressure break
Liquid carries out pressure break to reservoir, obtains two level hydraulic fracture；
S1.3. second of promotion discharge capacity, preferably 12-16m on the basis of step S1.23/ min utilizes smooth hydraulic pressure
It splits liquid and pressure break is carried out to reservoir, obtain three-level hydraulic fracture.
S2. slippery water fracturing fluid is changed to guanidine gum fracturing fluid, sets guanidine gum fracturing fluid discharge capacity, the discharge capacity of guanidine gum fracturing fluid
It is identical with the final discharge capacity of the afterbody in step S1, preferably 12-16m3/ min, the pump of specific displacement value and ground pump group
Note ability is related, and keeps this discharge capacity constant during pump note guanidine gum fracturing fluid and clear water replace, the guanidine gum fracturing fluid
It carries proppant and note is pumped into the crack of reservoir, the liquid measure that pump note carries the guanidine gum fracturing fluid of proppant every time is 40-60m3, guanidine
The initial proportion that fracturing fluid carries proppant is preferably 5%.
Guanidine gum fracturing fluid is mainly made of the raw material of following mass percentage：Guanidine glue 0.5%, KCl 0.5%, clay are steady
Determine agent 0.3%, cleanup additive 0.5%, organic borate cross-linker 0.3%；The ratio of the slippery water fracturing fluid is slippery water fracturing fluid
With the 45%-50% of the sum of guanidine gum fracturing fluid.
Proppant be Midst density haydite, grain size 0.425-0.85mm, bulk density 1.75g/cm3, performance indicator requirement
Reach SY/T 5108-2006 standard set quotas.
S3. the pump note clear water into reservoir, proppant described in step S2 is replaced into crack；Ensure that crack is fully propped up
Support；The liquid measure that the liquid measure of pump note clear water notes the guanidine gum fracturing fluid for carrying proppant with pump is identical, i.e., liquid measure is 40-60m3。
S4. into reservoir, pump note carries the guanidine gum fracturing fluid of proppant, and promotes guanidine glue laminated on the basis of step S2 and split
The ratio of entrained proppant in liquid；The ratio that proppant is carried in each guanidine gum fracturing fluid promotes 1%；
S5. the ratio for repeating to carry proppant in step S3 and S4 to guanidine gum fracturing fluid reaches 20%；
S6. a large amount of clear water of pump note extremely replace proppant in crack completely in most backward reservoir.
Into reservoir, the liquid measure of pump note clear water is in 100m3More than, it is ensured that the maximization of reservoir reconstruction degree.
Micro-seismic monitoring before the opposite optimization of the scale in crack the results show that significantly increase, after the completion of pressing crack construction, initial stage puts down
Equal gas production 1.5 × 104m3/ d relatively improves 13.58% with block spiral perforated hole.
The present invention is based on energy transforming principles, optimize the pump injecting method of ladder discharge capacity pressure break in segmentation sub-clustering pressure break, needle
To geotechnic stress, more complicated deep layer untraditional reservoir has stronger adaptability, and crack can effectively support, lead for a long time
Flow effect stability；Perforation is carried out using combined perforation, can both increase the length of hydraulic fracture, also can effectively avoid deep-seated oil
The drawbacks of gas reservoir only forms hydraulic fracture in fracturing process at nearly pit shaft end, and combined perforation can go out in all directions
Liquid has well adapting to property, in addition, the dispersion of perforation orientation causes for the indefinite deep reservoir in geotechnic stress direction
Position relationship when hydraulic fracture intersects with intrinsic fracture becomes diversification, increases hydraulic fracture and penetrates the several of intrinsic fracture
Rate, so as to increase the scale in crack.
It these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure and the method transformation that bright specification and accompanying drawing content are made directly or indirectly are used in other relevant technology necks
Domain is included within the scope of the present invention.
Herein, the involved nouns of locality such as forward and backward, upper and lower, deep, shallow are the positions between each section in attached drawing
Come what is defined, only for the purpose of expressing the technical solution clearly and conveniently.It should be appreciated that the use of the noun of locality should not limit this
Apply for claimed range.
In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment herein-above set forth can be combined with each other.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that using containing combined perforation
Pit shaft carries out reservoir perforation, and the pit shaft containing combined perforation includes pit shaft, and the pit shaft type is horizontal well, and is located at
In reservoir, the pit shaft is shallow equipped with multi-openings section by being deep in horizontal segment, and each perforated interval of the pit shaft is penetrated including four
Hole cluster, each perforation cluster include oriented perforating and spiral perforation, the oriented perforating on the barrel of pit shaft horizontal segment by
Be deep to it is shallow be arranged in a linear, the spiral perforation on the barrel of pit shaft in horizontal segment by being deep to shallow circumferencial direction helical arrangement,
Start helical arrangement using same cluster interior orientation perforation starting point arranged in a straight line as starting point per the spiral perforation in cluster, in the perforation cluster
Oriented perforating row and adjacent perforations cluster in oriented perforating row between phase angle for 90 °, four in each perforated interval are fixed
Can be distributed in 4 directions to perforation cluster, respectively it is horizontal to the left, it is horizontal to the right, straight up and straight down, to completing perforation
Reservoir carry out ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump note, include the following steps：
S1. the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is set, carrying out pressure break to reservoir using slippery water fracturing fluid forms level-one waterpower
Crack, in fracturing process, ladder promotes the discharge capacity of slippery water fracturing fluid, and utilizes the slippery water fracturing fluid of different displacements successively
Pressure break is carried out to reservoir, to form two, three-level hydraulic fracture；
S2. slippery water fracturing fluid is changed to guanidine gum fracturing fluid, sets guanidine gum fracturing fluid discharge capacity, pump note guanidine glue laminated is split into reservoir
Liquid contains proppant in the guanidine gum fracturing fluid；
S3. the pump note clear water into reservoir, proppant described in step S2 is replaced into crack；
S4. the ratio of entrained proppant in guanidine gum fracturing fluid is promoted on the basis of step S2, pump note carries branch into reservoir
Support the guanidine gum fracturing fluid of agent；
S5. the ratio for repeating to carry proppant in step S3 and S4 to guanidine gum fracturing fluid reaches 20%, pump note guanidine gum fracturing fluid
Discharge capacity is identical with the final discharge capacity in step S1；
S6. into reservoir, pump note clear water replaces proppant in crack completely.
2. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 1 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that described
Each phase angle between spiral perforation and adjoining spiral perforation is 60 ° in perforation cluster, each spiral perforation and adjoining spiral perforation
Between axial spacing for 8cm, the axial spacing between each oriented perforating and adjacent oriented perforating is 8cm, the perforation cluster and phase
Spacing between adjacent perforation cluster is 8m, and the length of each perforation cluster is 1-1.5m, and every meter includes 21 spiral perforations and oriented perforating,
The aperture of the spiral perforation and oriented perforating is 10.5mm.
3. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 1 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that described
In step S1, the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is related to the physical property of reservoir, and reservoir is finer and close, slippery water fracturing fluid it is initial
Discharge capacity is smaller, and the fracture development of reservoir is the better, and the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is bigger；Ladder promotes slippery water fracturing fluid
Discharge capacity set according to the well head limit value of operation pressure and pit shaft.
4. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 1 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that described
In step S1, it is contemplated that the practical pump of pump group note ability, from the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid to slippery water fracturing fluid most
Whole discharge capacity, ladder is promoted the discharge capacity experience of the slippery water fracturing fluid twice, promotes step increase for the first time more than 100%,
Step increase is promoted for the second time as 75%-150%, the step increase：
Wherein R be step increase, Sn+1Represent latter ladder displacement value, SnRepresent previous ladder displacement value, n=1,2.
5. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 4 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that described
The initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is 2-4m3/ min, after being promoted for the first time, the discharge capacity of the slippery water fracturing fluid is 6-8m3/
Min, after second is promoted, the discharge capacity of the slippery water fracturing fluid is 12-16m3/min。
6. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 1 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that described
Step S1 includes the following steps：
S1.1. the initial displacement of slippery water fracturing fluid is set, pressure break is carried out to reservoir using slippery water fracturing fluid, obtains level-one water
Power crack；
S1.2. discharge capacity is promoted on the basis of step S1.1, pressure break is carried out to reservoir using slippery water fracturing fluid, obtains two level water
Power crack；
S1.3. discharge capacity is promoted on the basis of step S1.2, pressure break is carried out to reservoir using slippery water fracturing fluid, obtains tertiary effluent
Power crack.
7. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 1 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that described
Slippery water fracturing fluid is mainly made of the raw material of following mass percentage：Drag reducer 0.1%, cleanup additive 0.3%, clay are stablized
Agent 1%；The guanidine gum fracturing fluid is mainly made of the raw material of following mass percentage：Guanidine glue 0.5%, KCl 0.5%, clay
Stabilizer 0.3%, cleanup additive 0.5%, organic borate cross-linker 0.3%；The ratio of the slippery water fracturing fluid is slippery water pressure break
The 45%-50% of the sum of liquid and guanidine gum fracturing fluid；The proppant is Midst density haydite, and grain size 0.425-0.85mm, volume is close
It spends for 1.75g/cm3, performance indicator require reach SY/T 5108-2006 standard set quotas.
8. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 1 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that described
In step S2, the discharge capacity of guanidine gum fracturing fluid is identical with the final discharge capacity of the afterbody in step S1, is 12-16m3/ min, tool
Body displacement value is related with the pump note ability of ground pump group, and keeps this row during pump note guanidine gum fracturing fluid and clear water replace
Measure constant, the initial proportion that the guanidine gum fracturing fluid carries proppant is 5%.
9. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 1 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that described
In step S3, the liquid measure of pump note clear water is identical with the liquid measure of guanidine gum fracturing fluid that pump note carries proppant, every time pump note carrying branch
The liquid measure for supportting the guanidine gum fracturing fluid of agent is 40-60m3。
10. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 1 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step S4, the ratio that proppant is carried in each guanidine gum fracturing fluid promotes 1%.
11. the ladder discharge capacity fracturing pump injecting method according to claim 1 based on combined perforation, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step S6, into reservoir, the liquid measure of pump note clear water is in 100m3More than.
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