CN108386178A - A kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio - Google Patents
A kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN108386178A CN108386178A CN201810208966.2A CN201810208966A CN108386178A CN 108386178 A CN108386178 A CN 108386178A CN 201810208966 A CN201810208966 A CN 201810208966A CN 108386178 A CN108386178 A CN 108386178A
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- Prior art keywords
- parabolic cylinder
- axis
- gathering cap
- shale
- energy gathering
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/22—Elements for controlling or guiding the detonation wave, e.g. tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
A kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio, including priming device and air transporting arrangement, priming device includes energy-gathering device, detonation chain and initiator, energy-gathering device includes the middle energy gathering cap for vertically projecting explosive charge energy centralization outward, and middle energy gathering cap is the parabolic cylinder of outward opening.Compared with prior art, after explosive charge, the explosion energy of middle energy gathering cap concentrates on n dimensional orientation vertically outwardly against the shale in explosive fracturing area, and crackle is formed through rapidly the shale zone of fracture, the specific surface area for increasing shale, to effectively increase the parsing rate and its recovery ratio of shale gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device for increasing shale gas recovery ratio, more particularly to a kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break increases shale
The device of gas recovery ratio.
Background technology
Shale gas is a kind of emerging clear energy sources, because its large storage capacity, exploitation receive much attention due to long the features such as in period.However
As gas storage carrier shale body because its Natural porosity it is small, permeability is low, and 95% shale gas well is needed through artificial fracturing
Mode increase shale body permeability, can have commercial mining value.
Currently, the method for artificial fracturing includes mainly two classes：When hydraulic fracturing method, second is that foam fracturing method.Water
It forces cracking method and mainly achievees the purpose that fracturing rock stratum by injecting highly pressurised liquid into drilling.According to specific fracturing technology,
Hydraulic fracturing method includes three kinds of multistage fracturing, riverfrac treatment, hydraulic jetting fracturing etc..Multistage fracturing is to utilize ball sealer or limit
Flow Technique separates the technology that reservoir different layers position carries out staged fracturing.Riverfrac treatment is to utilize the induction production of a large amount of clear water injection stratum
The fracturing technique in raw water conservancy diversion crack.Hydraulic jetting fracturing is to carry sand body using high speed and high-pressure fluid to carry out perforation and open to split
The fracturing technique of seam.Foam fracturing method mainly reaches the mesh of fracturing rock stratum by injecting the liquid gas mixture of high pressure into drilling
's.According to the difference of gas componant, foam fracturing method can be divided into nitrogen foam pressure break and carbon dioxide foaming pressure break etc. two
Kind.There is the shortcomings that being difficult to overcome in the fracturing process of rammell in hydraulic fracturing method and foam fracturing method：First, pressure break
A large amount of chemical agents are equipped in liquid, it is big to formation damage；Second is that after the perforation of pressure break later stage major fracture, the leakage of fracturing fluid compared with
It is serious；Third, the anti-row of fracturing fluid is slower.Most important, the occurrence form of shale gas is based on adsorbed gas, only by broken
Broken method increases the specific surface area of shale body, could increase the parsing amount of adsorbed gas, and above-mentioned two classes fracturing process is main
Achieve the purpose that volume increase by penetrating through the natural fissure in rock mass, the preservation characteristic of this and shale gas itself is inconsistent.
Chinese patent CN102168543B discloses a kind of method and dress increasing shale gas recovery ratio by explosive manner
It sets, described device setting includes loading priming device and air transporting arrangement, wherein loading detonation dress in shale gas well bore hole
It sets for surrounding shale to burst apart, air transporting arrangement will be transported to ground by the shale gas oozed out in the shale that is burst apart
Face；This method and device have that explosive charge power dissipation, explosive charge capacity usage ratio are low.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of the prior art, the one kind for overcoming above-mentioned technical problem is provided
Parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break of the present invention increases shale gas recovery ratio
The technical solution of device is as follows：
A kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio, and described device is arranged in shale gas well bore hole
In, described device includes priming device and air transporting arrangement, and priming device is for bursting apart surrounding shale, gas conveying
Device will be transported to ground by the shale gas oozed out in the shale that is burst apart, and the priming device includes detonation chain and detonation
Device, the air transporting arrangement include right flange, isolating device, Oil/Gas Pipe, poroid air inlet pipe；The poroid air inlet pipe setting exists
Between the isolating device and the right flange, one end of poroid air inlet pipe is arranged in the through-hole of the right flange, the other end
It is arranged in the through-hole in isolating device；Poroid air inlet pipe be the pipe with several air admission holes, Oil/Gas Pipe one end setting every
From in the through-hole of device, the other end is connected with ground gas collecting apparatus；The priming device further includes energy-gathering device, the cumulative dress
It sets including the middle energy gathering cap for vertically projecting explosive charge energy centralization outward, the left flange and the set that are arranged on the left of middle energy gathering cap
Pipe；
The middle energy gathering cap includes middle concave outer surface and middle concave inner surface, and the middle concave outer surface is by n shape
And circumferentially equally distributed, outward opening parabolic cylinder composition identical with size, n 3,4,5,6,7 or 8；The concave
Shape inner surface is identical by m shape and size and circumferentially equally distributed, outward opening parabolic cylinder forms, m 3,4,
5,6,7 or 8 and m=n；The parabolic cylinder of the middle concave inner surface forms cavity；The middle energy gathering cap and left flange and the right side
Flange forms an enclosure space, and explosive is arranged in the space；The maximum outside diameter of the middle energy gathering cap is Dc, in described
The length of energy gathering cap is Lc；
Be outside described sleeve pipe cylinder and its inside be cylindrical hole, described sleeve pipe sequentially passes through the middle concave inner surface
Cavity and right flange through-hole, described sleeve pipe one end is fixed on the right side of left flange, and the described sleeve pipe other end is fixed on the right side
The right side of flange；
Several initiators, initiator is arranged in interval on the right surface of the left flange and the left surface of the right flange
It is connect with ground control unit by the detonation chain being arranged in described sleeve pipe, and initiator is controlled by ground control unit
Detonation；
Preferably, a parabolic cylinder in n parabolic cylinder of the middle concave outer surface is parabolic cylinder E, described
The straight edge line of parabolic cylinder E is parallel to XcThe directrix of axis, the parabolic cylinder E is directrix E, the straight edge line of the parabolic cylinder E
It moves in parallel to form the parabolic cylinder E along the directrix E, the directrix E is the parabola being made of following equation：
yc=a3+b3zc 2； (5)
A parabolic cylinder in m parabolic cylinder of the middle concave inner surface is parabolic cylinder F, the parabolic cylinder
The straight edge line of F is parallel to XcThe directrix of axis, the parabolic cylinder F is directrix F, and the straight edge line of the parabolic cylinder F is along described
Directrix F moves in parallel to form the parabolic cylinder F, and the directrix F is the parabola being made of following equation：
yc=a4+b4zc 2； (6)
a3、b3、a4And b4For parameter, a3For Dc0.2~0.90 times, a4For Dc0.15~0.85 times and a3>a4, b3、b4
It is calculated by following formula：
In formula：e3、e4For coefficient, e3For 0.5~1.5, e4For 0.8~1.8 and e4>e3；
In various above：
Oc-XcYcZcThe coordinate origin of coordinate system is on the axis of the middle energy gathering cap and in the length of middle energy gathering cap
Point, XcAxis, YcAxis and ZcAxis constitutes right hand rectangular coordinate system, XcAxis is overlapped with the axis of the middle energy gathering cap, XcAxis positive direction from
The right side of energy gathering cap during the left side of middle energy gathering cap is directed toward；xc、ycAnd zcRespectively XcAxis, YcAxis and ZcThe coordinate variable of axis；
DcFor 100mm~800mm, LcFor 200mm~1000mm；
Preferably, the parameter：DcFor 200mm~500mm, LcFor 300mm~600mm；
Preferably, the parameter a3For Dc0.2~0.6 times, a4For Dc0.15~0.55 times and a3>a4；
Preferably, the parameter e3For 0.8~1.2, e4For 1.0~1.4 and e4>e3；
Compared with prior art, advantageous effect of the present invention is：Due to Mohaupt effect, parabolical optical characteristics, pass through
Middle energy gathering cap projects explosive charge energy centralization, and explosive charge capacity usage ratio is high, while improving the page in explosive fracturing area
The quantity of the length and shale crackle of lithofraction line；Especially because the cumulative action of middle energy gathering cap, explosive charge energy concentrates on n
Vertically outwardly against the shale in explosive fracturing area, crackle is formed through rapidly the shale zone of fracture, increases shale a dimensional orientation
Specific surface area, to effectively increase the parsing rate and its recovery ratio of shale gas.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic device；
Fig. 2 is middle energy gathering cap structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of middle energy gathering cap A-A sections；
In above-mentioned Fig. 1-Fig. 3：1- shale gas well bore holes, 2- Oil/Gas Pipes, the poroid air inlet pipe of 3-, 7- air admission holes, 8- middle concaves
Outer surface, 9- middle concave inner surfaces, energy gathering cap in 10-, the left flanges of 13-, 17- casings, the right flanges of 18-, 19- isolating devices, 20-
Initiator, 21- detonation chains, 22- directrixes E, 23- directrix F.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described, it should be understood that described herein
Preferred embodiment is only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention
A kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio, and described device is arranged in shale gas well bore hole
In 1, described device includes priming device and air transporting arrangement, and for priming device for surrounding shale to burst apart, gas is defeated
Send device that will be transported to ground by the shale gas oozed out in the shale that is burst apart, the priming device includes detonation chain 21 and rises
Quick-fried device 20, the air transporting arrangement include right flange 18, isolating device 19, Oil/Gas Pipe 2, poroid air inlet pipe 3；It is described it is poroid into
Tracheae 3 is arranged between the isolating device 19 and the right flange 18, and one end of poroid air inlet pipe 3 is arranged in the right flange
In 18 through-hole, the other end is arranged in the through-hole in isolating device 19；Poroid air inlet pipe 3 is the pipe with several air admission holes,
One end of Oil/Gas Pipe 2 is arranged in the through-hole of isolating device 19, and the other end is connected with ground gas collecting apparatus；The priming device is also
Including energy-gathering device, the energy-gathering device includes the middle energy gathering cap 10 for vertically projecting explosive charge energy centralization outward, setting
Left flange 13 and casing 17 in 10 left side of middle energy gathering cap；
The middle energy gathering cap 10 includes middle concave outer surface 8 and middle concave inner surface 9, and the middle concave outer surface 8 is by n
Shape and size are identical and circumferentially equally distributed, outward opening parabolic cylinder forms, n 3,4,5,6,7 or 8；It is described
Middle concave inner surface 9 is identical by m shape and size and circumferentially equally distributed, outward opening parabolic cylinder forms, and m is
3,4,5,6,7 or 8 and m=n；The parabolic cylinder of the middle concave inner surface 9 forms cavity；The middle energy gathering cap 10 with it is left convex
Edge and right flange form an enclosure space, and explosive is arranged in the space；The maximum outside diameter of the middle energy gathering cap 10 is
Dc, the length of the middle energy gathering cap 10 is Lc；
The outside of described sleeve pipe 17 be cylinder and its inside be cylindrical hole, described sleeve pipe 17 sequentially passes through in the middle concave
The through-hole of the cavity on surface 9 and right flange 18,17 one end of described sleeve pipe are fixed on the right side of left flange 13, and described sleeve pipe 17 is another
One end is fixed on the right side of right flange 18；
Several initiators 20 are arranged in interval on the right surface of the left flange 13 and the left surface of the right flange 18,
Initiator 20 is connect by the detonation chain 21 being arranged in described sleeve pipe 17 with ground control unit, and is controlled and filled by ground
Set the detonation of control initiator 20；
Establish Oc-XcYcZcThe coordinate origin of coordinate system is on the axis of the middle energy gathering cap 10 and in middle energy gathering cap 10
The midpoint of length, XcAxis, YcAxis and ZcAxis constitutes right hand rectangular coordinate system, XcAxis is overlapped with the axis of the middle energy gathering cap 10, Xc
Axis positive direction therefrom energy gathering cap 10 left side be directed toward in energy gathering cap 10 right side；xc、ycAnd zcRespectively XcAxis, YcAxis and ZcAxis
Coordinate variable.
A parabolic cylinder in n parabolic cylinder of the middle concave outer surface 8 is parabolic cylinder E, the parabolic cylinder
The straight edge line of face E is parallel to XcAxis, the directrix of the parabolic cylinder E be directrix E22, the parabolic cylinder E straight edge line along
The directrix E22 moves in parallel to form the parabolic cylinder E, and the directrix E22 is the parabola being made of following equation：
yc=a3+b3zc 2； (15)
A parabolic cylinder in m parabolic cylinder of the middle concave inner surface 9 is parabolic cylinder F, the parabolic cylinder
The straight edge line of face F is parallel to XcAxis, the directrix of the parabolic cylinder F be directrix F23, the parabolic cylinder F straight edge line along
The directrix F23 moves in parallel to form the parabolic cylinder F, and the directrix F23 is the parabola being made of following equation：
yc=a4+b4zc 2； (16)
In various above：
DcFor 100mm~800mm, LcFor 200mm~1000mm；
The outer garden n deciles of maximum of middle energy gathering cap 10, decile arc length be by n parabolic cylinder of middle concave outer surface 9DcFor the maximum outside diameter of middle energy gathering cap 10, it is contemplated that performance requirement and the manufacture craft requirement of middle energy gathering cap 10
Deng selection
a3、b3、a4And b4For parameter, a3For Dc0.2~0.90 times, a4For Dc0.15~0.85 times and a3>a4；
Known parabola is by vertex (0, a3, 0) and other two points Then rule of thumb, b3、b4It is calculated by following formula：
In formula：e3、e4For coefficient, e3For 0.5~1.5, e4For 0.8~1.8 and e4>e3。
The present embodiment is chosen：N=4, m=4, Dc=D, that is, Dc=300mm, Lc=L, that is, Lc=400mm, takes a3For Dc0.2
I.e. a again3=60mm, takes a4For Dc0.15 times i.e. a4=45mm and meet a3>a4, take e3=0.8 and e4=1.0 and meet e4>
e3, bring formula (16-1), (16-2) and (16-3) into respectively, obtain：
The technical solution of the present embodiment and its major parameter determination finish as a result,.
It is preferable that above example integrates Mohaupt effect.
According to Mohaupt effect, after explosive charge, explosion product is at high temperature under high pressure substantially along explosive normal to a surface side
To what is dispersed outward, therefore, explosive with groove will appear one is converged, speed and pressure after ignition in recess axis
Strong all very high explosion product stream, in a certain range puts together the explosion energy that explosive charge releases.This hair
The outer surface of bright middle energy gathering cap 10 and inner surface are parabolic cylinder, the middle concave outer surface 8 of middle energy gathering cap 10 and middle concave
(m=n) shape and size are identical and circumferentially equally distributed parabolic cylinder is formed by n or m for inner surface 9, a series of
The axis of symmetry composition of the directrix (directrix is also parabola) of parabolic cylinder is circumferentially uniformly distributed and passes through XcN of axis are flat
Face；Due to parabolical light characteristic, i.e., the light ray parallel through the light of focus after parabolic reflective is in parabolical symmetrical
Axis, this parabolical characteristic further enhance Mohaupt effect；After explosive charge, the explosion energy of middle energy gathering cap 10 concentrates on
Vertically outwardly against the shale in explosive fracturing area, crackle is formed through rapidly the shale zone of fracture, increases shale n dimensional orientation
Specific surface area, to effectively increase the parsing rate and its recovery ratio of shale gas.
Wall thickness for energy gathering cap in guarantee 10 is gradually reduced from centre to both sides, it is desirable that a3>a4。
Parameter a3、a4、e3、e4Value, should be selected according to performances such as the hardness of shale, parameter a3、a4、e3、e4Value it is smaller,
Explosion energy convergence is more concentrated, and explosive fracturing area is deep and narrow, the length of shale crackle is longer；Conversely, explosion energy convergence is more
It dissipates, explosive fracturing area is wide and shallow, the length of shale crackle is shorter.a3For Dc0.2~0.90 times, a4For Dc0.15~0.85
Times and a3>a4；e3For 0.5~1.5, e4For 0.8~1.8 and e4>e3；Preferably：a3For Dc0.2~0.6 times, a3For Dc's
0.15~0.55 times and a3>a3；e3For 0.8~1.2, e4For 1.0~1.4 and e4>e3。
Middle energy gathering cap 10 is made by the aluminium alloy of 7A09 models, and cost performance is best.
Left flange 13 and right flange 18 are made by 4350 steel alloys, and cost performance is best.
Described sleeve pipe 17 is made by HP9-4-20 type high temperature resistant stainless steel pipes, and cost performance is best.
A kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break disclosed in this invention increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio, when making, in advance
First explosive is put into priming device, then whole device is arranged 1 in shale gas well bore hole again；Initiator 20 includes electricity
Detonator, digital primer etc., detonation mode include electric initiating, digital detonation etc.；The explosive includes liquid explosives, solid explosive
Deng.
Above example is the primary structure of the present invention, form parameter, remaining CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION is common according to this professional domain
Common technical knowledge and conventional techniques are designed and select.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio, described device is arranged in shale gas well bore hole
In, described device includes priming device and air transporting arrangement, and priming device is for bursting apart surrounding shale, gas conveying
Device will be transported to ground by the shale gas oozed out in the shale that is burst apart, and the priming device includes detonation chain and detonation
Device, the air transporting arrangement include right flange, isolating device, Oil/Gas Pipe, poroid air inlet pipe；The poroid air inlet pipe setting exists
Between the isolating device and the right flange, one end of poroid air inlet pipe is arranged in the through-hole of the right flange, the other end
It is arranged in the through-hole in isolating device；Poroid air inlet pipe be the pipe with several air admission holes, Oil/Gas Pipe one end setting every
From in the through-hole of device, the other end is connected with ground gas collecting apparatus；It is characterized in that the priming device further includes cumulative dress
It sets, the energy-gathering device includes the middle energy gathering cap for vertically projecting explosive charge energy centralization outward, setting on a middle energy gathering cap left side
The left flange and casing of side；
The middle energy gathering cap includes middle concave outer surface and middle concave inner surface, and the middle concave outer surface is by n shape and ruler
Very little identical and circumferentially equally distributed, outward opening parabolic cylinder composition, n 3,4,5,6,7 or 8；In the middle concave
Surface is identical by m shape and size and circumferentially equally distributed, outward opening parabolic cylinder forms, m 3,4,5,6,7
Or 8 and m=n；The parabolic cylinder of the middle concave inner surface forms cavity；The middle energy gathering cap and left flange and right flange
An enclosure space is formed, and explosive is set in the space；The maximum outside diameter of the middle energy gathering cap is Dc, the middle energy gathering cap
Length be Lc；
Be outside described sleeve pipe cylinder and its inside be cylindrical hole, described sleeve pipe sequentially passes through the sky of the middle concave inner surface
The through-hole of chamber and right flange, described sleeve pipe one end are fixed on the right side of left flange, and the described sleeve pipe other end is fixed on right flange
Right side.
2. a kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break according to claim 1 increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio, feature exists
In,
A parabolic cylinder in n parabolic cylinder of the middle concave outer surface is parabolic cylinder E, the parabolic cylinder E's
Straight edge line is parallel to XcThe directrix of axis, the parabolic cylinder E is directrix E, and the straight edge line of the parabolic cylinder E is along the directrix
E moves in parallel to form the parabolic cylinder E, and the directrix E is the parabola being made of following equation：
yc=a3+b3zc 2；
A parabolic cylinder in m parabolic cylinder of the middle concave inner surface is parabolic cylinder F, the parabolic cylinder F's
Straight edge line is parallel to XcThe directrix of axis, the parabolic cylinder F is directrix F, and the straight edge line of the parabolic cylinder F is along the directrix
F moves in parallel to form the parabolic cylinder F, and the directrix F is the parabola being made of following equation：
yc=a4+b4zc 2；
In various above：
Oc-XcYcZcThe midpoint of length of the coordinate origin of coordinate system on the axis of the middle energy gathering cap and in middle energy gathering cap, Xc
Axis, YcAxis and ZcAxis constitutes right hand rectangular coordinate system, XcAxis is overlapped with the axis of the middle energy gathering cap, XcAxis positive direction is therefrom gathered
The right side of energy gathering cap during the left side that can be covered is directed toward；xc、ycAnd zcRespectively XcAxis, YcAxis and ZcThe coordinate variable of axis；
DcFor 100mm~800mm, LcFor 200mm~1000mm；
a3、b3、a4And b4For parameter, a3For Dc0.2~0.90 times, a4For Dc0.15~0.85 times and a3>a4, b3、b4By with
Lower formula calculates：
In formula：e3、e4For coefficient, e3For 0.5~1.5, e4For 0.8~1.8 and e4>e3。
3. a kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break according to claim 2 increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio, feature exists
In the parameter a3For Dc0.2~0.6 times, a4For Dc0.15~0.55 times and a3>a4。
4. a kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break according to claim 2 increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio, feature exists
In the parameter e3For 0.8~1.2, e4For 1.0~1.4 and e4>e3。
5. a kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break according to claim 2 increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio, feature exists
In the parameter DcFor 200mm~500mm, LcFor 300mm~600mm.
6. a kind of parabolic cylinder cumulative pressure break according to claim 2,3,4 or 5 increases the device of shale gas recovery ratio,
It is characterized in that, the parameter n=4, m=4, Dc=300mm, Lc=400mm, a3=60mm, a4=45mm, e3=0.8, e4=
1.0,Ld=209.132mm, b3=0.0055, b4=0.0069.
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Application publication date: 20180810 |