CN107605422B - Combined packer and packing method for high-temperature high-pressure working condition - Google Patents
Combined packer and packing method for high-temperature high-pressure working condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN107605422B CN107605422B CN201710982083.2A CN201710982083A CN107605422B CN 107605422 B CN107605422 B CN 107605422B CN 201710982083 A CN201710982083 A CN 201710982083A CN 107605422 B CN107605422 B CN 107605422B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The combined packer comprises a metal packer, a drill rod and a rubber packer, wherein the lower end of the metal packer is connected with the drill rod, the rubber packer is positioned at the lower part of the metal packer and is connected through the drill rod, and the rubber packer plays a main packing role in the initial stage of heating and pressurizing; under the long-term high-temperature high-pressure working condition, the rubber packer and the metal packer jointly play a role in packing. The combined packer and the downhole heater are used in combination, the combined packer and the downhole heater are positioned in a shaft, the downhole heater is positioned below the combined packer, and a power line and a signal line required by the downhole heater pass through the combined packer. The combined packer can realize long-time packing under the working condition of high temperature and high pressure, and is suitable for exploitation of oil shale, thickened oil, heavy oil and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of near-critical water in-situ pyrolysis of oil shale, and relates to a combined packer and a packing method for high-temperature high-pressure working conditions.
Background
Most of the existing packers are rubber packers, the metal packers are few, the rubber packers are easy to fail under the high-temperature working condition, and the time of the packer action cannot meet the production requirement.
The oil shale in-situ cracking heat injection exploitation process needs to heat an oil shale layer, and in order to prevent the fluid from forming self-circulation of cold and hot fluid in a heat injection well, a well hole of the heat injection well needs to be isolated by a packer. When the underground heat injection method or the near critical water method is used for opening the shale oil production, the packer is required to operate under the working condition of high temperature and high pressure for a long time, and most of the existing packers cannot meet the requirement of long-term stable operation under the working condition of high temperature and high pressure. And the downhole heat injection method or the near critical water method requires that a certain space is reserved for cables such as power lines, signal lines and the like passing through the downhole heater by the packer, so that setting is difficult to achieve by means of a conventional mode.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a combined packer and a packing method for high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions, wherein the combined packer can realize long-acting packing on a heat injection well bore hole of oil shale which is produced by adopting a near-critical water method.
The combined packer comprises a metal packer body, a first upper end cover, a spiral thermosensitive metal strip, a first lower end cover, a setting ring, a sealing cover, a setting pin, a setting sliding sleeve and a thermosensitive setting groove, wherein the rubber packer comprises a rubber packer body, a setting filler, an air duct, an upper end cover sleeve, a rubber barrel, a steel sleeve, a lower end cover sleeve, a sealing filler, a sealing cover, a deblocking plug, a sealing ring and a deblocking valve;
the upper part of the metal packer main body is provided with external threads for connecting an air injection pipe; the upper end face of the metal packer main body is provided with a semicircular ring groove for penetrating a cable, and the semicircular ring groove is provided with a countersunk screw hole for fixing a sealing cover; six threaded holes are formed in the upper end face and used for fixing the upper end cover. The outer edge of the middle part of the main body is provided with a spiral T-shaped boss which is used for being matched with a spiral thermosensitive metal strip to realize the sealing and isolating effect.
The lower part of the metal packer main body is provided with four pairs of thermosensitive setting grooves with symmetrical holes, which are used for directly acting high-temperature fluid and a setting metal ring to realize quick setting. Four pairs of pin holes are formed in the lower part of the thermosensitive setting groove and used for fixing the setting sliding sleeve;
the cable that the heater needs in the pit passes the metal packer, fixes the sealed lid of metal packer lower extreme earlier, fills sealing filler in the cable passageway from upper portion again, and sealed lid of fixed metal packer upper end finally, sealed lid plays the effect that prevents impurity such as groundwater and get into the packer main part and make packer part inefficacy, and sealing filler is water-sensitive filler.
Fixing a first lower end cover of the metal packer, and then matching the spiral thermosensitive metal strip with a T-shaped boss at the outer edge of the metal divider main body; fixing a first upper end cover of the metal divider by bolts, placing a setting ring at the lower part of the metal divider, and blocking the thermosensitive setting groove; fixing the setting sliding sleeve by using a setting pin, wherein the setting ring is a thermosensitive metal ring; the setting sliding sleeve is a weighting sliding sleeve and is used for setting the rubber packer.
The lower end of the metal packer is connected with a drill rod, and the length of the drill rod is about 9 meters.
The upper part of the rubber packer main body is provided with a male thread which is connected with the drill rod, and the lower part of the male thread is provided with an external thread which is connected with the upper end cover; four symmetrically arranged deblocking valves are arranged at the lower part, and an air duct is welded at the outer side of each deblocking valve, so that air is conveniently discharged during deblocking; the lower end of the deblocking valve is provided with a boss for limiting the position of the deblocking plug during deblocking. The lower part of the rubber packer main body is provided with external threads and is used for being connected with the lower end cover.
The upper end cover is connected with the rubber packer main body, the lower end of the drill rod is connected with the rubber packer main body, a cable passes through the upper end cover, the deblocking valve at the lower end of the rubber packer is installed again, the gas guide tube is welded at the deblocking valve, the steel sleeve is sleeved on the rubber sleeve, the rubber sleeve is sleeved outside the gas guide tube from the lower end of the rubber packer, the annular space between the rubber sleeve and the rubber divider main body is filled with a setting filler, the setting ring on the metal packer extrudes a setting sliding sleeve during setting, the setting sliding sleeve cuts off a setting pin, and the setting sliding sleeve impacts the upper end cover of the rubber packer, so that the setting filler generates nitrogen gas to realize the setting of the rubber packer.
After the filling is finished, the lower end cover of the rubber packer penetrates through the cable and is connected to the rubber packer main body, and then the upper end cover sleeve and the lower end cover sleeve are fixed on the upper end cover and the lower end cover respectively through bolts. Filling filler into the cable grooves of the upper end cover and the lower end cover and the gaps of the cables for sealing, compacting by using a sealing cover, and fixing the sealing cover by using countersunk screws.
And during deblocking, the deblocking plug is put into the inner wall of the drill rod, and then the deblocking plug is pushed to move downwards by using high-pressure fluid, so that the deblocking valve is pushed open, and deblocking of the rubber packer is realized.
The outer edge of the middle part of the metal packer body is provided with a double-spiral T-shaped boss which is used for being matched with a spiral thermosensitive metal strip to realize setting.
The setting ring in the metal packer is a thermosensitive metal ring with a larger thermal expansion coefficient, and the extrusion force generated by expansion of the thermosensitive metal ring shears the setting pin to enable the setting sliding sleeve to fall down, so that the rubber packer is impacted, and the rubber packer is set.
The setting sliding sleeve of the metal packer is a weighting sliding sleeve and is used for generating impact force when the rubber packer is set.
And the outer side of the rubber packer rubber cylinder is provided with a steel sleeve for preventing the rubber sleeve from transitional expansion.
The setting filler comprises sodium azide (N a N 3 ) Silica (S) i O 2 ) And potassium nitrate (KNO) 3 ) The equation for the set packing to produce nitrogen is as follows:
the rubber packer is positioned at the lower part of the metal packer and connected through a drill rod, and plays a main packing role in the initial stage of temperature rise and pressurization; under the long-term high-temperature high-pressure working condition, the rubber packer and the metal packer jointly play a role in packing.
The combined packer and the downhole heater are used in combination, the combined packer and the downhole heater are positioned in a shaft, the downhole heater is positioned below the combined packer, and a power line and a signal line required by the downhole heater pass through the combined packer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the combined packer can realize long-time packing under the working condition of high temperature and high pressure, and is suitable for exploitation of oil shale, thickened oil, heavy oil and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the use of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a metal packer of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rubber packer of the present invention.
Fig. 4 isbase:Sub>A viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a rubber packer of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a metal packer; 2-a drill rod; 3-a rubber packer; 4-a metal packer body; 5-a first upper end cap; 6-spiral thermosensitive metal strips; 7-a first lower end cap; 8-setting ring; 9, sealing the cover; 10-setting pin; 11-setting sliding sleeve; 12-an upper end cover; 13-upper end cap sleeve; 14-an air duct; 15-a rubber packer body; 16-a rubber cylinder; 17-steel sleeve; 18-setting filler; 19-a sealing filler; 20-a lower end cover; 21-a lower end cap sleeve; 22-deblocking; 23-a sealing ring; 24-a thermosensitive setting groove; 25-deblocking valve; 26-a downhole heater; 27-a wellbore; 28-power and signal lines.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, a combined packer for high temperature and high pressure conditions comprises a metal packer 1, a drill rod 2 and a rubber packer 3, wherein the metal packer 1 comprises a metal packer body 4, a first upper end cover 5, a spiral thermosensitive metal strip 6, a first lower end cover 7, a setting ring 8, a sealing cover 9, a setting pin 10, a setting sliding sleeve 11 and a thermosensitive setting groove 24, and the rubber packer 3 comprises a rubber packer body 15, a setting filler 18, an air duct 14, an upper end cover 12, an upper end cover sleeve 13, a rubber cylinder 16, a steel sleeve 17, a lower end cover 20, a lower end cover sleeve 21, a sealing filler 19, a sealing cover 9, a deblocking plug 22, a sealing ring 23 and a deblocking valve 25;
the upper part of the metal packer main body 4 is provided with external threads for connecting an air injection pipe; the upper end surface of the metal packer main body 4 is provided with a semicircular ring groove for penetrating a cable, and the semicircular ring groove is provided with a countersunk screw hole for fixing a sealing cover 9; six threaded holes are formed in the upper end face and used for fixing the upper end cover. The outer edge of the middle part of the main body is provided with a spiral T-shaped boss which is used for being matched with the spiral thermosensitive metal strip 6 to realize the sealing and isolating function.
The lower part of the metal packer main body 4 is provided with four pairs of heat-sensitive setting grooves 24 with symmetrical holes, which are used for directly acting high-temperature fluid and a setting metal ring to realize quick setting. Four pairs of pin holes are formed in the lower part of the thermosensitive setting groove 24 and used for fixing the setting sliding sleeve 11;
the cable that the heater needs in the pit passes metal packer 1, fixes the sealed lid 9 of metal packer lower extreme earlier, fills sealing filler 19 in the cable passageway from upper portion again, and sealed lid 9 of fixed metal packer upper end finally, sealed lid 9 plays the effect that prevents impurity such as groundwater and get into the packer main part and make the packer part inefficacy, and sealing filler 19 is the water sensitive filler.
Fixing a first lower end cover 7 of the metal packer 1, and then matching the spiral thermosensitive metal strip 6 with a T-shaped boss at the outer edge of the metal divider main body 4; fixing a first upper end cover 5 of the metal divider 1 by bolts, placing a setting ring 8 at the lower part of the metal divider 1, and blocking a thermosensitive setting groove 24; fixing the setting sliding sleeve 11 by using a setting pin 10, wherein the setting ring 8 is a thermosensitive metal ring; the setting sleeve 11 is a weighted sleeve for setting the rubber packer 3.
The lower end of the metal packer is connected with a drill rod 2, and the length of the drill rod is about 9 meters.
The upper part of the rubber packer main body 15 is provided with a male thread which is connected with the drill rod 2, and the lower part of the male thread is provided with a male thread which is connected with the upper end cover 12; four symmetrically arranged deblocking valves 25 are arranged at the lower part, and an air duct 14 is welded at the outer side of each deblocking valve 25, so that air is conveniently discharged during deblocking; the lower end of the deblocking valve 25 is provided with a boss for restricting the position of the deblocking plug 22 when deblocking. The lower portion of the rubber packer body 15 is externally threaded for connection with the lower cap 20.
The upper end cover 12 is connected with the rubber packer main body 15, the lower end of the drill rod 2 is connected with the rubber packer main body 15, a cable passes through the upper end cover 12, a deblocking valve 25 at the lower end of the rubber packer 3 is installed, the air duct 14 is welded at the deblocking valve 25, the steel sleeve 17 is sleeved on the rubber sleeve 16, the rubber sleeve 16 is sleeved outside the air duct 14 from the lower end of the rubber packer 3, the annular space between the rubber sleeve 16 and the rubber divider main body 15 is filled with a setting filler 18, the setting ring 8 on the metal packer 1 extrudes a setting sliding sleeve 11 during setting, the setting sliding sleeve 11 cuts off a setting pin 10, the setting sliding sleeve 11 impacts the upper end cover 12 of the rubber packer 3, the setting filler 18 generates nitrogen gas, and the setting of the rubber packer 3 is realized.
After the packing is completed, the lower end cover 20 of the rubber packer 3 passes through the cable and is connected to the rubber packer main body 15, and then the upper end cover sleeve 13 and the lower end cover sleeve 21 are respectively fixed on the upper end cover 12 and the lower end cover 20 by bolts. The cable grooves of the upper end cover 12 and the lower end cover 20 and the gaps of the cables are filled with filler for sealing, then the sealing cover 9 is compacted, and the sealing cover 9 is fixed by countersunk screws.
And during deblocking, the deblocking plug 22 is put into the inner wall of the drill rod 2, and then the deblocking plug 22 is pushed to descend by high-pressure fluid, so that the deblocking valve 25 is pushed open, and deblocking of the rubber packer 3 is realized.
The outer edge of the middle part of the metal packer main body 4 is provided with a double-spiral T-shaped boss which is used for being matched with a spiral thermosensitive metal strip 6 to realize setting.
The setting ring 8 in the metal packer 1 is a thermosensitive metal ring with a larger thermal expansion coefficient, and the extrusion force generated by expansion of the thermosensitive metal ring shears the setting pin 10 to enable the setting sliding sleeve 11 to fall down to impact the rubber packer 3, so that the rubber packer is set. The setting sliding sleeve 11 of the metal packer 1 is a weighting sliding sleeve and is used for generating impact force when the rubber packer 3 is set.
The outer side of the rubber sleeve 16 of the rubber packer 3 is provided with a steel sleeve 17 for preventing the rubber sleeve from transitional expansion.
The setting filler 18 comprises sodium azide (N a N 3 ) Silica (S) i O 2 ) And potassium nitrate (KNO) 3 ) The equation for generating nitrogen gas by setting filler 18 is as follows:
the rubber packer 3 is positioned at the lower part of the metal packer 1 and is connected through the drill rod 2, and the rubber packer 3 plays a main packing role in the initial stage of temperature rise and pressurization; under the long-term high-temperature high-pressure working condition, the rubber packer 3 and the metal packer 1 jointly play a role in packing;
as shown in fig. 1, the combination packer of the present invention is used in combination with a downhole heater 26, the combination packer and downhole heater 26 being located in a wellbore 27, the downhole heater 26 being located below the combination packer, power lines and signal lines 28 required for the downhole heater 26 passing through the combination packer.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
1. drilling operation is carried out on the oil shale block, the oil shale layer of the target area is fractured, and a casing is put in;
2. the method comprises the following specific steps of:
A. the cable needed by the downhole heater 26 passes through the metal packer 1, the sealing cover at the lower end of the metal packer 1 is fixed first, then the sealing filler is filled in the cable channel from the upper part, and finally the sealing cover at the upper end of the metal packer is fixed. The sealing cover plays a role in preventing impurities such as underground water and the like from entering the main body of the metal packer to cause the partial failure of the metal packer, and the filler is water-sensitive.
And fixing the first lower end cover of the metal packer, and then matching the spiral thermosensitive metal strip with a T-shaped boss at the outer edge of the metal divider main body. Fixing a first upper end cover of the metal divider by bolts, firstly placing a setting ring at the lower part of the metal divider, and fixing a setting sliding sleeve by setting pins, wherein the setting ring is a thermosensitive metal ring; the setting sliding sleeve is a specially-made weighting sliding sleeve and is used for setting the rubber packer.
The lower end of the metal packer is connected to a drill pipe, the length of which is about 9 meters.
B. And the upper end cover is connected with the rubber packer main body, and then the lower end of the drill rod is connected with the rubber packer main body. And (3) enabling the cable to pass through the upper end cover, installing an unsealing valve at the lower end of the rubber packer, and welding the air duct at the unsealing valve. The steel ring is sleeved on the rubber cylinder, and then the rubber cylinder is sleeved outside the air duct from the lower end of the rubber packerAnd (3) sides. Filling an annulus between the packing element and the rubber divider body with a setting filler comprising sodium azide (N a N 3 ) Silica (S) i O 2 ) And potassium nitrate (KNO) 3 ) The setting ring extrudes the setting sliding sleeve during setting, the setting sliding sleeve shears the setting pin nail, and the setting sliding sleeve impacts the upper end cover of the rubber packer to enable the setting filler to generate nitrogen, so that the setting of the rubber packer is realized.
And after the filling is finished, the lower end cover of the rubber packer penetrates through the cable and is connected to the rubber packer main body, and the end cover sleeves of the upper end cover and the lower end cover are fixed on the upper end cover and the lower end cover respectively through bolts. Filling filler into the cable grooves of the upper end cover and the lower end cover and the gaps of the cables for sealing, compacting by using a sealing cover, and fixing the sealing cover by using countersunk screws.
3. Connecting a downhole heater to the lower part of the combined packer, and then putting the combined packer into a heat injection well;
4. introducing high-temperature fluid into the packer to realize setting;
and stopping injecting cold fluid into the packer during deblocking, and after a period of time, putting in a deblocking plug, and introducing high-pressure fluid into the packer to push the deblocking plug to move downwards so as to realize deblocking.
Claims (4)
1. A combined packer for high temperature high pressure operating mode, its characterized in that: the novel thermal packer comprises a metal packer (1), a drill rod (2) and a rubber packer (3), wherein the metal packer (1) comprises a metal packer main body (4), a first upper end cover (5), a spiral thermosensitive metal strip (6), a first lower end cover (7), a setting ring (8), a sealing cover (9), a setting pin (10), a setting sliding sleeve (11) and a thermosensitive setting groove (24), and the rubber packer (3) comprises a rubber packer main body (15), a setting filler (18), an air duct (14), an upper end cover (12), an upper end cover sleeve (13), a rubber cylinder (16), a steel sleeve (17), a lower end cover (20), a lower end cover sleeve (21), a sealing filler (19), a sealing cover (9), a deblocking plug (22), a sealing ring (23) and a deblocking valve (25);
the upper part of the metal packer main body (4) is provided with external threads for connecting an air injection pipe; the upper end face of the metal packer main body (4) is provided with a semicircular ring groove for penetrating a cable, and the semicircular ring groove is provided with a countersunk screw hole for fixing a sealing cover (9); six threaded holes are formed in the upper end face of the metal packer main body (4) and used for fixing an upper end cover; the outer edge of the middle part of the main body is provided with a spiral T-shaped boss which is used for being matched with a spiral thermosensitive metal strip (6) to realize the sealing function;
the lower part of the metal packer main body (4) is provided with four pairs of thermosensitive setting grooves (24) with symmetrical holes, which are used for directly acting high-temperature fluid and a setting metal ring to realize quick setting; four pairs of pin holes are formed in the lower part of the thermosensitive setting groove (24) and used for fixing the setting sliding sleeve (11);
the cable needed by the underground heater passes through the metal packer (1), a sealing cover (9) at the lower end of the metal packer (1) is fixed firstly, then a sealing filler (19) is filled in a cable channel from the upper part, finally the sealing cover (9) at the upper end of the metal packer is fixed, the sealing cover (9) plays a role in preventing impurities such as underground water from entering the main body of the packer to cause the part of the packer to fail, and the sealing filler (19) is water-sensitive filler;
fixing a first lower end cover (7) of the metal packer (1), and then matching a spiral thermosensitive metal strip (6) with a T-shaped boss at the outer edge of the metal packer main body (4); fixing a first upper end cover (5) of the metal packer (1) by bolts, placing a setting ring (8) at the lower part of the metal packer (1) and blocking a thermosensitive setting groove (24); fixing the setting sliding sleeve (11) by using a setting pin (10), wherein the setting sliding sleeve (11) is a weighting sliding sleeve and is used for setting the rubber packer (3);
the lower end of the metal packer is connected with the drill rod (2);
the upper part of the rubber packer main body (15) is provided with a male thread which is connected with the drill rod (2), and the lower part of the male thread is provided with a male thread which is connected with the upper end cover (12); four symmetrically arranged deblocking valves (25) are arranged at the lower part of the rubber packer main body (15), and an air duct (14) is welded at the outer side of the deblocking valve (25) so as to be convenient for exhausting air during deblocking; the lower end of the deblocking valve (25) is provided with a boss for limiting the position of the deblocking plug (22) during deblocking; the lower part of the rubber packer main body (15) is provided with external threads and is used for being connected with a lower end cover (20);
the upper end cover (12) is connected with the rubber packer main body (15), the lower end of the drill rod (2) is connected with the rubber packer main body (15), a cable passes through the upper end cover (12), a deblocking valve (25) at the lower end of the rubber packer (3) is installed, the gas guide tube (14) is welded at the deblocking valve (25), the steel sleeve (17) is sleeved on the rubber sleeve (16), the rubber sleeve (16) is sleeved on the outer side of the gas guide tube (14) from the lower end of the rubber packer (3), a sealing filler (18) is filled in an annulus between the rubber sleeve (16) and the rubber packer main body (15), a sealing ring (8) on the metal packer (1) is extruded to form a sealing sliding sleeve (11) during sealing, the sealing sliding sleeve (11) cuts off a sealing pin (10), the sealing sliding sleeve (11) impacts the upper end cover (12) of the rubber packer (3), and the sealing filler (18) generates nitrogen gas to realize sealing of the rubber packer (3);
after filling, the lower end cover (20) of the rubber packer (3) passes through the cable and is connected to the rubber packer main body (15), and then the upper end cover sleeve (13) and the lower end cover sleeve (21) are respectively fixed on the upper end cover (12) and the lower end cover (20) by bolts; filling filler into the cable grooves of the upper end cover (12) and the lower end cover (20) and gaps of the cables for sealing, compacting by using a sealing cover (9), and fixing the sealing cover (9) by using countersunk screws;
during deblocking, a deblocking plug (22) is put into the inner wall of the drill rod (2), and then the deblocking plug (22) is pushed to descend by high-pressure fluid to push a deblocking valve (25) open, so that deblocking of the rubber packer (3) is realized;
the rubber packer (3) is positioned at the lower part of the metal packer (1) and is connected with the drill pipe (2).
2. The combination packer for high temperature and high pressure conditions of claim 1, wherein: the setting ring (8) in the metal packer (1) is a thermosensitive metal ring, the extrusion force generated by expansion of the thermosensitive metal ring shears the setting pin (10) to enable the setting sliding sleeve (11) to fall down, and the rubber packer (3) is impacted, so that the rubber packer is set.
3. The combination packer for high temperature and high pressure conditions of claim 1, wherein: the setting filler (18) is sodium azide, silicon dioxide and potassium nitrate.
4. The method for packing a combination packer for high temperature and high pressure conditions of claim 1, wherein: the combined packer and the downhole heater (26) are used in combination, the combined packer and the downhole heater (26) are located in a shaft (27), the downhole heater (26) is located below the combined packer, and power lines and signal lines (28) required by the downhole heater (26) penetrate through the combined packer.
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CN109469479B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2023-07-14 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Hydraulic fracturing ground stress measurement system and method |
CN110608010B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-05-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司工程技术研究院 | Permanent packer and extending gas lift method adopting permanent packer |
WO2021052360A1 (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2021-03-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Permanent packer and extended gas lift method employing permanent packer |
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