CN107604205A - A kind of leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention refers in particular to a kind of leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material, belongs to technical field of alloy material, the following element of chemical composition (mass percent) of the alloy material：Copper：72%~80%；Silicon：0.7%~3.0%；Aluminium≤0.2%；Lead≤0.15%；Iron≤0.3%；Tin≤0.3%；Nickel≤0.5%；Surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.Alloy material in the present invention has excellent casting character, decay resistance, follow-up machinability, Cutting free.Especially suitable for water system casting, valve member etc., the metal material of human health and environmental protection is advantageous for, and the meeting being widely used at present causes the excellent substitute for the ledrite for having baneful influence to human body and environment.

Description

A kind of leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of lead-free brass alloys, more particularly to one kind to have excellent casting character, corrosion resistance Energy, the lead-free free-cutting environmental protection silicon brass alloy material of follow-up machinability.They are especially suitable for water system casting, valve Part etc., the metal material of human health and environmental protection is advantageous for, and the meeting being widely used at present causes to human body and ring There is the excellent substitute of the ledrite of baneful influence in border.

Background technology

Ledrite has excellent mechanical performance and physical property and good casting character and cutting ability, and price It is cheap, thus it is widely used in instrument and meter, electronics, electrical equipment, haberdashery and hardware, potable water system etc., wherein especially with Hpb59-1's Production, application amount are maximum.

But lead and its compound are one of 17 kinds of chemical substances for seriously endangering human longevity and natural environment, in alloy Lead easily invade out or deviate from from matrix in use, the lead in industrial waste gas product then permeates the ground water system, various The lead of form enters animal or the food chain of people by all means, endangers human health, influences environment.Countries in the world in recent years Medical expert have found that copper alloy containing lead constitutes threat, European Union, the U.S., Japan, China to human health and environmental sanitation The report that copper alloy containing lead damages to human environment has been made that etc. medical facility.In view of lead is to human health environment Harmfulness, the U.S., Japan, EU countries have put into effect in succession to be ordered within a certain time the government of copper alloy containing lead application, and Chinese Government also puts into effect Liao Yu orders within a certain time the world consistent《Electronics and IT products prevention and cure of pollution management method》Etc. the mandatory rules of law, to the lead in copper alloy Content (content of wherein electronics and IT products lead is necessarily less than 0.1%) and (Japan must be small in the leaching content of Pb in Drinking Water In 0.01mg/L, the U.S. is necessarily less than and 0.0011%) has made ordering within a certain time for strict control respectively, and will constantly reduce lead therein Content, the application of copper alloy containing lead, which is faced with, strictly to limit and challenges, and prospect will be more and more severe, therefore develops nothing Ledrite and the ledrite of the purposes such as the tap in drinking-water system, water meter is substituted and leaded bronze becomes and worked as without Allen's metal The key subjects that modern metal material industry is faced, also it is in response to the important process of world's recycling economy (EHS plans) requirement.

For the above situation, LEAD-FREE BRASS ALLOY is developed in the prior art.The lead-free reflow being related in the prior art closes Gold, which mainly has in the Chinese patent application 200410004292.2,200410004293.7 of German company, individually discloses one kind 《Pb-free copper-alloy and its application》, it is related to the Pb-free copper-alloy based on copper-zinc-tin, its component is mainly including 60% to 70% Copper, 0.5 to 3.5% tin and other caking property elements：0.01% to 0.5% iron and/or cobalt, 0.01% to 0.5% nickel, 0.01 to 0.5% manganese and/or silicon, surplus are zinc and inevitable impurity.Up to 3% is also optionally added in addition Magnesium, up to 0.2% phosphorus and up to 0.5% silver, aluminium, arsenic, antimony, titanium, zirconium.Such Pb-free copper-alloy is mainly applied In contact, pin and tightening member in electrotechnics and the communication technology.It may be also used in transport or storage liquid or gas Container, the particularly container in Refrigeration Technique or the pipeline in sanitary engineering, water fitting, leading extension tube, pipe Connector and valve.Above-mentioned alloy material has taken into account all multipurposes as plastic metal, rolled alloy or casting alloy, but makes Into the real drawback during practical application.Such as because mobility is bad in casting process, if applying among gravitational casting, Crackle occurs, pours less than more casting flaws such as, shrinkage cavities, causes casting yield to decline, influences to cast cost and casting Application as expensive goods.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiencies of the prior art, there is provided a kind of suitable leadless environment-friendly silizin Alloy material.Using the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of the present invention to reach reduction lead content, meet wanting for environment protection health Ask, while it is possessed excellent casting character, particularly meet the performance requirement of large-scale gravitational casting.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this：A kind of leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material, the chemistry of the alloy material Composition is as follows：

Surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.

Further optimization, the chemical composition of the alloy material are as follows：

Surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.

Further optimization, the copper is cathode copper.

Further optimize, inevitably impurity content is no more than 0.8% in alloy.

Nickel is matrix strengthening and prevents dezincification element, while suppresses crystal grain and grows up, increase alloy strength, plasticity and anti-corrosion Property, while can also improve the ability of alloy stress corrosion resistant.Nickel content is less than 0.1%, it is difficult to meets the items of industrially needs Performance requirement, nickel content is more than 0.3% can increase the manufacturing cost of alloy and reduce cutting ability again, therefore nickel content should control 0.1~0.3%.

Addition tin is to aid in tin to strengthen anti-dezincification, the performance that resistance to stress is split and improve thermo forming performance, is allowed to reach To standard as defined in International Environmental Protection health and safety.Secondly in the brass add tin can with deoxidation, increase alloy mobility, Improve the cutting ability and intensity of alloy.Tin be solution strengthening and suppress dezincification element, be advantageous to each phase be uniformly dispersed and The formation of hardening constituent, be advantageous to the raising of intensity, wearability and cutting ability, it is particularly advantageous to anti dezincification character energy and thermoforming The raising of performance.The content general control of tin is advisable 0.1~0.3%, too high to reduce cutting ability.

Silicon is added, first, for improving casting and welding mobility, the welding technological properties of the alloy is improved, particularly exists Silicon can also suppress zinc evaporation in welding process and oxide is mingled with；Second, consistency and the pressure-resistant, anti-wear performance of enhancing alloy And cutting ability, rather than the firmly crisp phases of γ for making alloy generate high silicon.General addition is 0.7-3.0%, when silicone content is small Above-mentioned action effect unobvious when 0.7%；The brittle phases such as more iron suicide can be generated when silicone content is more than 3.0%, and Strengthen alloy brittle failure, cutting resistance increase.

The present invention is prominent and beneficial compared with prior art to be had the technical effect that：Firstth, brass alloy material drop of the invention Low lead content so that its lead content is less than 0.1%, meets Compulsory Feature of the country to lead content, due to the silicon of the present invention Brass alloys are mainly used in the first-class sanitary equipment industry of the fire hose, big to Health Impact, then in its alloy lead element content It is significantly less than the content standard of traditional brass alloys.

Secondth, on the basis of environment protection health standard is met, the present invention replaces lead element using element silicon, controls its content And the use level with other elements, it is possessed any surface finish of excellent casting character, either mobility or casting Degree and grain size and uniformity coefficient all meet the quality requirements of sanitary equipment particularly high-grade sanitary appliance.

3rd, brass alloys of the invention are more conducive to gravitational casting compared with the brass alloys of prior art, right in gravitational casting The mobility of alloy molten solution requires more much higher than conventional cast, represents the trend of sanitary equipment industry casting, and brass of the invention closes It is that the mobility of alloy molten solution greatly improves that gold is most prominent, ensure that the quality and yield rate of brass gravitational casting.

Embodiment

With specific embodiment, the invention will be further described below, a kind of leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material, the conjunction The chemical composition of golden material is as follows：

Surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.

The method for preparing above-mentioned alloy is as follows：The first step, power frequency induction furnace is preheated, from tough cathode and charcoal, to power frequency Fed in induction furnace, charcoal is covered on tough cathode；

Second step, power frequency induction furnace is progressively heated, melt tough cathode；

3rd step, copper silicon intermediate alloy is added, the wherein mass percent of silicon is 10~20%；

4th step, fusing be sufficiently stirred plus No. zero zinc, is sufficiently stirred so that alloy molten solution is well mixed；

5th step, add refining agent and stir；

6th step, in sampling analysis, composition adjustment after being sufficiently stirred, until meeting above-mentioned casting character requirement；

7th step, stand, drag for slag, 1000~1100 DEG C of insulations, voltage 210V, standing 20 minutes makes contamination precipitation or float To purify alloy molten solution；

8th step, it is warming up to 1150~1160 DEG C of cast of coming out of the stove.

The mass percent of the refining agent of 5th step forms：5 parts of ammonium chloride, 5 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of sodium chloride, 5 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 parts of borax, 20 parts of coke powder, 10 parts of ice crystal.The refining agent can remove miscellaneous in brass refining agent solution Matter, brass refining agent purity is improved, can more effectively remove impurity and slag inclusion inside copper alloy, purify copper liquid, reduce or disappear Except copper ingot mirror-finishes impure point, Optimization of Copper alloy property, raw material production cost is reduced.

The content analyzed in 6th step includes：1. constituent analysis, element ratio is adjusted after analysis；2. metallographic crystal grain is examined Survey and fluidity test, do not reach requirement addition refining agent such as；3. minute surface detects, the Hard Inclusion number after sample polishing is checked.

Following table is alloy formula (mass percent), three set products prepared

Numbering	Copper	Silicon	Aluminium	Lead	Iron	Tin	Nickel	Zinc
									Product 1	72	0.9	0.1	0.05	0.1	0.1	0.1	Surplus
Product 2	75	1.9	0.12	0.07	0.15	0.15	0.2	Surplus
									Product 3	78	2.8	0.15	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	Surplus

First, casting character is tested

Following table is alloy product of the invention compared with HSi80-3 casting character

Learnt by the contrast of upper table, product 1- products 3 are relative to increase with HSi80-3 in casting character, especially It is that product 2 substantially improves the defects of casting process, and yields significantly improves.

2nd, cutting ability is tested

Under identical machine-sensible conditions, the cutting force of each invention alloy is measured using cutting force experiment instrument, and thus Calculate cutting sex index of each invention alloy relative to C36000, C36000 be universally acknowledged machinability it is best contain lead and yellow-collation Copper, its machinability are considered as 100%.

Machine-sensible conditions

Cut evaluation result

Alloy	Cut sex index (%)
		C36000	100
Product 1	88
		Product 2	92
Product 3	89

It can be learnt by above-mentioned evaluation result, product 1-3 cutting ability is improved.

3rd, Mechanics Performance Testing

By the alloy and comparative example HSi80-3 alloys, standard tensile specimen is made, is carried out with universal material pull-test machine Normal tensile property is tested, and product 1 and the mechanical property of product 3 slightly improve, and the mechanical property of product 2 is significantly improved, hence it is evident that Better than product 1,3 and comparative example HSi80-3.

Following table is the Mechanics Performance Testing table of comparisons

Numbering	Tensile strength (N/m ㎡)	Elongation percentage %	Brinell hardness
				HSi80-3	245	18	57
Product 1	252	21	61
				Product 2	261	24	64
Product 3	254	20	60

Therefore the alloy in the present invention has extremely excellent cutting ability, excellent casting character, good welding performance, machine Tool performance, the parts being molded especially suitable for machining, forging, casting and the parts material as other manufacture methods Material.

Above-described embodiment is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited the scope of the invention according to this, therefore：It is all according to The equivalence changes that structure, shape, the principle of the present invention is done, all should be covered by within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material, it is characterised in that the chemical composition of the alloy material is as follows：

A kind of 2. leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the change of the alloy material It is as follows to learn composition：

3. a kind of leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the copper is electricity Solve copper.

A kind of 4. leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Can not in alloy The impurity content avoided is no more than 0.8%.