CN107604204A - A kind of antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material - Google Patents
A kind of antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107604204A CN107604204A CN201710697251.3A CN201710697251A CN107604204A CN 107604204 A CN107604204 A CN 107604204A CN 201710697251 A CN201710697251 A CN 201710697251A CN 107604204 A CN107604204 A CN 107604204A
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- bismuth
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Abstract
The present invention refers in particular to a kind of antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material, belongs to technical field of alloy material, and the chemical composition of the alloy material is following (mass percent)：Copper：61%~64%, silicon：0.5%~0.7%, aluminium：0.5%~0.7%, lead≤0.15%, iron≤0.15%, tin≤0.3%, nickel≤0.3%, boron；0.0008%~0.0012%, phosphorus≤0.01%, manganese≤0.01%, sulphur≤0.01%, cadmium≤0.01%, bismuth≤0.01%, antimony≤0.02%, magnesium≤0.005%, arsenic≤0.01%, cobalt≤0.002%, chromium≤0.005%, surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.The present invention reduces lead content, meets the requirement of environment protection health, while it is possessed excellent casting character, particularly meets the performance requirement of large-scale gravitational casting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of leaded low brass alloys, more particularly to one kind to have excellent casting character, corrosion resistance
Energy, the lead-free free-cutting antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material of follow-up machinability.They are especially suitable for water system casting, valve
Part etc., the metal material of human health and environmental protection is advantageous for, and the meeting being widely used at present causes to human body and ring
There is the excellent substitute of the ledrite of baneful influence in border.
Background technology
Ledrite has excellent mechanical performance and physical property and good casting character and cutting ability, and price
It is cheap, thus it is widely used in instrument and meter, electronics, electrical equipment, haberdashery and hardware, potable water system etc., wherein especially with Hpb59-1's
Production, application amount are maximum.
But lead and its compound are one of 17 kinds of chemical substances for seriously endangering human longevity and natural environment, in alloy
Lead easily invade out or deviate from from matrix in use, the lead in industrial waste gas product then permeates the ground water system, various
The lead of form enters animal or the food chain of people by all means, endangers human health, influences environment.Countries in the world in recent years
Medical expert have found that copper alloy containing lead constitutes threat, European Union, the U.S., Japan, China to human health and environmental sanitation
The report that copper alloy containing lead damages to human environment has been made that etc. medical facility.In view of lead is to human health environment
Harmfulness, the U.S., Japan, EU countries have put into effect in succession to be ordered within a certain time the government of copper alloy containing lead application, and Chinese Government also puts into effect
Liao Yu orders within a certain time the world consistent《Electronics and IT products prevention and cure of pollution management method》Etc. the mandatory rules of law, to the lead in copper alloy
Content (content of wherein electronics and IT products lead is necessarily less than 0.1%) and (Japan must be small in the leaching content of Pb in Drinking Water
In 0.01mg/L, the U.S. is necessarily less than and 0.0011%) has made ordering within a certain time for strict control respectively, and will constantly reduce lead therein
Content, the application of copper alloy containing lead, which is faced with, strictly to limit and challenges, and prospect will be more and more severe, therefore develops nothing
Ledrite and the ledrite of the purposes such as the tap in drinking-water system, water meter is substituted and leaded bronze becomes and worked as without Allen's metal
The key subjects that modern metal material industry is faced, also it is in response to the important process of world's recycling economy (EHS plans) requirement.
For the above situation, LEAD-FREE BRASS ALLOY is developed in the prior art.The lead-free reflow being related in the prior art closes
Gold, which mainly has in the Chinese patent application 200410004292.2,200410004293.7 of German company, individually discloses one kind
《Pb-free copper-alloy and its application》, it is related to the Pb-free copper-alloy based on copper-zinc-tin, its component is mainly including 60% to 70%
Copper, 0.5 to 3.5% tin and other caking property elements：0.01% to 0.5% iron and/or cobalt, 0.01% to 0.5% nickel,
0.01 to 0.5% manganese and/or silicon, surplus are zinc and inevitable impurity.Up to 3% is also optionally added in addition
Magnesium, up to 0.2% phosphorus and up to 0.5% silver, aluminium, arsenic, antimony, titanium, zirconium.Such Pb-free copper-alloy is mainly applied
In contact, pin and tightening member in electrotechnics and the communication technology.It may be also used in transport or storage liquid or gas
Container, the particularly container in Refrigeration Technique or the pipeline in sanitary engineering, water fitting, leading extension tube, pipe
Connector and valve.Above-mentioned alloy material has taken into account all multipurposes as plastic metal, rolled alloy or casting alloy, but makes
Into the real drawback during practical application.Such as because mobility is bad in casting process, if applying among gravitational casting,
Crackle occurs, pours less than more casting flaws such as, shrinkage cavities, causes casting yield to decline, influences to cast cost and casting
Application as expensive goods.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiencies of the prior art, there is provided a kind of suitable leadless environment-friendly antimony bismuth silicon
Brass alloy material.Using the leadless environment-friendly brass alloy material of the present invention to reach reduction lead content, meet environment protection health
It is required that while it is possessed excellent casting character, particularly meet the performance requirement of large-scale gravitational casting.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：A kind of antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material, the chemical composition of the alloy material
It is as follows：
Surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.
Further preferably, the chemical composition of the alloy material is as follows：
Surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.
Further preferably, the copper is cathode copper.
Further preferably：Inevitable impurity content is no more than 0.8% in alloy.
Described alloy substitutes lead using bismuth and antimony, and based on bismuth, the machinability of alloy is further improved with antimony auxiliary bismuth
Energy；Simultaneously based on boron, boron is aided in improve the anti dezincification character energy of alloy with antimony, tin etc..
The addition of bismuth can improve the machinability of alloy.Solid solubility of the bismuth in copper is extremely low, even if solubility at 800 DEG C
Only 0.01%, but the solubility in liquation is very big, bismuth precipitates in process of setting, forms the second phase grain of disperse
Son, the disperse phase fusing point of this bismuth is relatively low (271.3 DEG C), cutter head with bits contact surface local heating and instant melting, it is this
Fuse effect helps to change the shape of chip and lubricates cutter, alloy is easily formed short chip breaking in machining so as to play
Point, the bonding between cutter head and workpiece and soldering and the effect for improving cutting speed are reduced, and then it is satisfied to be provided with alloy
Cutting ability.
Bismuth and antimony are reinforcing and the element for improving alloy cutting ability, and based on bismuth, bismuth is aided in antimony.The bismuth in this alloy
When content is less than 0.002%, it can not meet machinability requirement, when bi content is more than 0.01%, low-alloyed hot and cold shaping will be dropped
Performance simultaneously makes the mechanical performance of alloy drastically decline, while also increases cost.To make full use of bismuth to improve cutting ability
Characteristic, while the brittle failure tendency that also prevent excessive bismuth from hot and cold processability and mechanical performance can be caused to decline, in the alloy bismuth
Content be 0.002~0.01%.Such content control can only make the conjunction under conditions of other cutting elements without antimony etc.
The cutting coefficient of gold reaches 80% or so, but also with the addition of auxiliary simultaneously on the basis of being 0.002~0.01% in bi content
Antimony element, it is allowed to aid in bismuth and obtains more excellent cutting ability (cutting coefficient is 86~95%) and excellent with bismuth collective effect
Good corrosion resisting property, mechanical performance, and then environmental protection, health, the requirement of new alloy material.
The antimony element of auxiliary addition proper content, mainly play auxiliary bismuth and further improve the cutting ability of alloy and peculiar
Suppression dezincification performance effect.When the addition content of antimony is less than 0.01%, cutting ability effect is improved to auxiliary bismuth and failed to understand
When showing, and unobvious acted on to improving anti dezincification character, and aiding in addition content more than 0.02%, though auxiliary bismuth raising machinability
Can be larger, but the plasticity of this alloy reduces also clearly, while also add cost.Therefore it is proven auxiliary addition antimony
Content is 0.01-0.02%, it is possible to plays a part of the cutting ability for aiding in bismuth to improve this alloy, makes the alloy with more excellent
Different cutting ability (cutting coefficient is 86~95%), anti dezincification character energy and excellent cold/hot shaped performance, welding performance and good
Good mechanical performance.
Solubility of the bismuth in copper is extremely low, and bismuth is also to be present in free state in alloy.But unlike lead, bismuth be with
Nontoxic free state is present in alloy, rather than is present in as lead with poisonous free state in alloy.WHO (is defended in the world
Raw tissue) in drinking water quality control standard not to the limits value of bismuth, yet nobody points out that bismuth is harmful thing
Matter.
This alloy aids in boron to improve the anti dezincification character energy of alloy based on boron, with antimony, tin etc..Adding boron element is mainly
Play a part of to suppress dezincification, improve corrosion resisting property, while also have deoxidation, crystal grain thinning, the function of strengthening cutting ability.Due to boron
Atomic radius is smaller than zinc atom radius, and boron atom ratio zinc atom is more easy to spread when brass is corroded, therefore can preferentially capture room
And then the diffusion admittance of zinc atom is blocked, the resistance of increase zinc diffusion, anti-corrosion diaphragm is formed, so as to reach the suppression as arsenic
The effect of Dezincification corrosion processed.Also easy and zinc forms solid solution compound to antimony simultaneously, can equally suppress dezincification, so as to play auxiliary
Boron and therewith collective effect improve the effect of alloy anti dezincification character.
The addition of boron is advisable 0.0008%~0.0012%.Boron contents be less than 0.0008% when, to suppress dezincification and
Anti-corrosion DeGrain；Boron contents be more than 0.0012% when, boride easily crystal boundary separate out, cause " boron is crisp ", reduce alloy into
Type performance.
Zn content is advantageous to the raising of cutting ability and the enhancing of anti-wear performance more than 35.5%, but it is too high can influence it is cold into
Type performance and alloy strength.
Nickel is matrix strengthening and prevents dezincification element, while suppresses crystal grain and grows up, increase alloy strength, plasticity and anti-corrosion
Property, while can also improve the ability of alloy stress corrosion resistant.Nickel content is less than 0.1%, it is difficult to meets the items of industrially needs
Performance requirement, nickel content is more than 0.3% can increase the manufacturing cost of alloy and reduce cutting ability again, therefore nickel content should control
0.1~0.3%.
As antimony, addition tin, phosphorus are also that auxiliary boron is thermally processed into strengthen anti-dezincification, the performance that resistance to stress is split and raising
Type performance, make up to standard as defined in International Environmental Protection health and safety.Secondly in the brass add tin, phosphorus can with deoxidation,
Increase the mobility of alloy, improve the cutting ability and intensity of alloy.Tin be solution strengthening and suppress dezincification element, and antimony,
Boron, phosphorus strengthen matrix together, are advantageous to the formation being uniformly dispersed with hardening constituent of each phase, are advantageous to intensity, wearability and cutting
The raising of performance, it is particularly advantageous to which anti dezincification character can be with the raising of hot formability energy.The content general control of phosphorus 0.005~
0.01% is advisable.The content general control of tin is advisable 0.1~0.3%, too high to reduce cutting ability.
Silicon is added, first, for improving casting and welding mobility, the welding technological properties of the alloy is improved, particularly exists
Silicon can also suppress zinc evaporation in welding process and oxide is mingled with；Second, consistency and the pressure-resistant, anti-wear performance of enhancing alloy
And cutting ability, rather than the firmly crisp phases of γ for making alloy generate high silicon.General addition is 0.5~0.7%, when silicone content is small
Above-mentioned action effect unobvious when 0.5%；The brittle phases such as more iron suicide can be generated when silicone content is more than 0.7%, and
Strengthen alloy brittle failure, cutting resistance increase.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：1. with extremely excellent cutting ability, excellent anti dezincification character
Energy, good welding performance, excellent corrosion resistance, mechanical performance, especially suitable for machining shaping parts, forging,
Casting and the parts material as other manufacture methods；2. manufacturing cost is low, the system of the ledrite of prior art is just corresponded to
This is caused, thus there is market competition advantage；3. International Environmental Protection, health, safety standards requirement can be fully achieved, and it is generation
Boundary's recycling economy provides another novel environment friendly, the lead-free free-cutting low antimony bismuth brass alloy material of health.
Embodiment
With specific embodiment, the invention will be further described below, a kind of antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material, the alloy material
The chemical composition of material is as follows：
Surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.
The method for preparing above-mentioned alloy is as follows：The first step, power frequency induction furnace is preheated, from tough cathode and charcoal, to power frequency
Fed in induction furnace, charcoal is covered on tough cathode；
Second step, power frequency induction furnace is progressively heated, melt tough cathode；
3rd step, copper silicon intermediate alloy is added, the wherein mass percent of silicon is 20~40%；
4th step, fusing be sufficiently stirred plus No. zero zinc, is sufficiently stirred so that alloy molten solution is well mixed；
5th step, addition P-Cu alloys carry out deoxidation, add refining agent and stir；
6th step, in sampling analysis, composition adjustment after being sufficiently stirred, until meeting above-mentioned casting character requirement；
7th step, stand, drag for slag, 1000~1100 DEG C of insulations, voltage 210V, standing 20 minutes makes contamination precipitation or float
To purify alloy molten solution；
8th step, it is warming up to 1150~1160 DEG C of cast of coming out of the stove.
The mass percent of phosphorus is 5%~20% in the P-Cu alloys of 5th step.
The mass percent of the refining agent of 5th step forms：5 parts of ammonium chloride, 5 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of sodium chloride,
5 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 parts of borax, 20 parts of coke powder, 10 parts of ice crystal.The refining agent can remove miscellaneous in brass refining agent solution
Matter, brass refining agent purity is improved, can more effectively remove impurity and slag inclusion inside copper alloy, purify copper liquid, reduce or disappear
Except copper ingot mirror-finishes impure point, Optimization of Copper alloy property, raw material production cost is reduced.
The content analyzed in 6th step includes：1. constituent analysis, element ratio is adjusted after analysis；2. metallographic crystal grain is examined
Survey and fluidity test, do not reach requirement addition refining agent such as；3. minute surface detects, the Hard Inclusion number after sample polishing is checked.
Following table is alloy formula (mass percent), prepares three set products
First, casting character is tested
Following table is alloy product of the invention compared with HSi80-3 casting character
Learnt by the contrast of upper table, product 1- products 3 are relative to increase with HSi80-3 in casting character, especially
It is that product 2 substantially improves the defects of casting process, and yields significantly improves.
2nd, cutting ability is tested
Under identical machine-sensible conditions, the cutting force of each invention alloy is measured using cutting force experiment instrument, and thus
Calculate cutting sex index of each invention alloy relative to C36000, C36000 be universally acknowledged machinability it is best contain lead and yellow-collation
Copper, its machinability are considered as 100%.
Machine-sensible conditions
Cut evaluation result
| Alloy | Cut sex index (%) |
| C36000 | 100 |
| Product 1 | 90 |
| Product 2 | 93 |
| Product 3 | 91 |
It can be learnt by above-mentioned evaluation result, product 1-3 cutting ability is improved.
3rd, Mechanics Performance Testing
By the alloy and comparative example HSi80-3 alloys, standard tensile specimen is made, is carried out with universal material pull-test machine
Normal tensile property is tested, and product 1 and the mechanical property of product 3 slightly improve, and the mechanical property of product 2 is significantly improved, hence it is evident that
Better than product 1,3 and comparative example HSi80-3.
Following table is the Mechanics Performance Testing table of comparisons
| Numbering | Tensile strength (N/m ㎡) | Elongation percentage % | Brinell hardness |
| HSi80-3 | 245 | 18 | 57 |
| Product 1 | 257 | 20 | 59 |
| Product 2 | 269 | 23 | 63 |
| Product 3 | 262 | 21 | 61 |
Therefore the alloy in the present invention has extremely excellent cutting ability, excellent casting character, good welding performance, machine
Tool performance, the parts being molded especially suitable for machining, forging, casting and the parts material as other manufacture methods
Material.
Above-described embodiment is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited the scope of the invention according to this, therefore：It is all according to
The equivalence changes that structure, shape, the principle of the present invention is done, all should be covered by within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material, it is characterised in that the chemical composition of the alloy material is as follows：
A kind of 2. antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the chemical group of the alloy material
Into as follows：
3. a kind of antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the copper is cathode copper.
A kind of 4. antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is inevitable in alloy
Impurity content be no more than 0.8%.
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| CN201710697251.3A CN107604204A (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | A kind of antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material |
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| CN201710697251.3A CN107604204A (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | A kind of antimony bismuth silicon brass alloy material |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101020975A (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2007-08-22 | 宁波博威集团有限公司 | Free-cutting anticorrosive brass alloy and its prepn process |
| CN101298643A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2008-11-05 | 中铝洛阳铜业有限公司 | Environment-protective free-cutting copper alloy material and processing technique |
| CN101343702A (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-01-14 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof |
| CN101633987A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-01-27 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Lead-free environmental silicon brass alloy bar or alloy ingot and preparation method thereof |
| CN104372199A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-25 | 浙江三瑞铜业有限公司 | Lead-free environment-friendly silicon brass |
-
2017
- 2017-08-15 CN CN201710697251.3A patent/CN107604204A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101020975A (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2007-08-22 | 宁波博威集团有限公司 | Free-cutting anticorrosive brass alloy and its prepn process |
| CN101298643A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2008-11-05 | 中铝洛阳铜业有限公司 | Environment-protective free-cutting copper alloy material and processing technique |
| CN101343702A (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-01-14 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof |
| CN101633987A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-01-27 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Lead-free environmental silicon brass alloy bar or alloy ingot and preparation method thereof |
| CN104372199A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-25 | 浙江三瑞铜业有限公司 | Lead-free environment-friendly silicon brass |
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Address after: 317200 Guan Tang Village (West Industrial Park), Shifeng street, Tiantai County, Taizhou, Zhejiang Applicant after: Zhejiang Zhonghan intelligent control Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 317200 Guan Tang Village (West Industrial Park), Shifeng street, Tiantai County, Taizhou, Zhejiang Applicant before: Zhejiang Han alloy materials Co., Ltd. |