CN107601980B - Cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection, preparation and application - Google Patents
Cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection, preparation and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107601980B CN107601980B CN201710816150.3A CN201710816150A CN107601980B CN 107601980 B CN107601980 B CN 107601980B CN 201710816150 A CN201710816150 A CN 201710816150A CN 107601980 B CN107601980 B CN 107601980B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- cement
- soil
- slope
- planting soil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses cement-reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection, which comprises sandy loam, cement, silicon powder, gypsum powder, a binder, organic matters, plant seeds and a greening additive; the greening additive comprises at least one of sulfur powder, nitrobacteria, vulcanized bacteria, slow-release compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, air-entraining agent and straw fermenting agent. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the planting soil. The planting soil with the added cement and the improved alkalinity can greatly improve the strength and the anti-scouring capability of a greening layer through the cooperation of the components, and does not influence the normal growth of plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of slope protection materials, in particular to improved planting soil for slope protection.
Background
The cement-reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil is composite planting soil which is prepared by adding cement into soil to increase the soil strength and improving the soil environment by adding additives to make the soil suitable for plant growth.
At present, the greening protection effect of the engineering side slope protected by the common soil dressing spray-seeding technology is greatly reduced about 2 years after the construction is finished, mainly because the scouring resistance is insufficient, the slope surface is seriously scoured and lost, a greening layer is easy to fall off, and the greening layer cannot continuously provide nutrient plants for plant growth and withers and dies. The existing planting soil has the defects of high easiness in scouring, low strength and the like, and also has the technical problems of high cement content, strong alkalinity, inconvenience for vegetation growth, incapability of sustaining plant growth and the like.
Regarding the improved planting soil technology, the Chinese patent document with the publication number of 1902996 discloses a plant slope protection method for low maintenance of bare rock mass slope, in particular discloses a soil dressing matrix; the technology mainly achieves the purpose of greening protection by adapting the ferns to the alkaline environment of planting soil, thus limiting the use types of plants and having great limitation. Publication No. CN 103362132A discloses a construction method of cast-in-place greening concrete revetment, in particular discloses a construction method of cast-in-place greening concrete revetment, which comprises acid nutrient soil and is mainly used by various sludges. In addition, most of the methods adopted in the prior art are manual casting methods, so that the construction efficiency is low, and the materials such as municipal sludge and the like are difficult to obtain, and cannot be popularized and applied in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the foreign soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection; aims to improve the anti-scouring capability and the anti-scouring strength of the planting soil, mildly improves the alkaline environment of a system and is more beneficial to the continuous growth of plants.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the cement-reinforced and alkaline-improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil.
A cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection comprises the following components in parts by weight:
80-200 parts of sandy loam;
4-10 parts of cement;
0.5-5 parts of silicon powder;
0.5-5 parts of gypsum powder;
0.1-0.5 part of adhesive;
5-10 parts of organic matters;
1-4 parts of plant seeds;
1-6 parts of greening additive;
the greening additive comprises at least one of sulfur powder, nitrobacteria, vulcanized bacteria, slow-release compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, air-entraining agent and straw fermenting agent.
The planting soil with the cement added and the alkalinity improved can greatly improve the strength and the anti-scouring capability of a greening layer through the cooperation of the components, and does not influence the normal growth of plants.
According to the invention, through the synergy of the components, such as the synergistic cooperation of the cement, the silica powder, the gypsum and the adhesive in the proportion, the strength and the scour resistance of the planting soil can be unexpectedly and greatly improved; the alkaline environment can be synergistically improved through the combined action of gypsum, sulfur powder, greening additives (sulfuration bacteria and nitrobacteria) and other materials; the organic matter, the straw leavening agent and the slow-release compound fertilizer are used for providing continuous fertility for plant growth, so that the greening layer implemented by the technology is high-efficient and reliable, and has a lasting greening effect. In addition, the aim of industrial mechanical spraying construction can be achieved through the synergy of the components.
In the planting soil, through the cooperation of the components, the dosage of cement can be reduced under the condition of ensuring good anti-scouring capability and strength, and the problems of strong alkalinity and unfavorable vegetation growth caused by the cement are reduced from the source; in addition, the components, such as silicon powder, can improve the strength of the planting soil, but do not generate alkaline substances; the gypsum can not only increase the strength of the planting soil, but also can perform neutralization reaction with alkaline substances generated by hydration reaction of the cement, thereby further improving the alkaline environment in the planting soil.
In the invention, the cement is ordinary portland cement, and preferably P.O 42.5.5 cement.
Preferably, the moisture content of sandy loam is 5% -10%, and the moisture content of organic matters is not more than 15%.
Preferably, the organic matter is plant fiber, such as sawdust.
Preferably, the organic matter is treated by decomposition, fermentation and other treatments. The method for decomposing and fermenting can adopt a common stacking fermentation method.
The silicon powder is silicon powder with the purity of more than or equal to 94 percent.
The adhesive is polyacrylamide adhesive.
Plant seeds well known to those skilled in the art may be used in the present invention. In the invention, the plant seeds are preferably at least one of bermuda grass, ryegrass, tall fescue and acacia.
The water-retaining agent can be any material known to those skilled in the art, and is particularly preferably polyacrylamide.
The air entraining agent can be any material known to those skilled in the art; preferably rosin air entraining agent.
Preferably, the greening additive consists of sulfur powder, nitrobacteria, vulcanized bacteria, a slow-release compound fertilizer, a water-retaining agent, an air entraining agent and a straw fermenting agent.
According to the invention, nitrobacteria, sulfuration bacteria and a straw leavening agent are added, so that a large amount of microorganisms are provided for the planting soil, the microorganisms form acidic substances in the process of phagocytizing sulfur powder, and neutralize alkaline substances generated by hydration reaction of cement, so that the alkaline environment in the planting soil is continuously improved, and the straw leavening agent can accelerate the decay process of organic matters, so that the continuous fertility is provided for the growth of plants.
Further preferably, the greening additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of sulfur powder, 2-8 parts of nitrobacteria, 1-4 parts of vulcanized bacteria, 1-3 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, 1-3 parts of water-retaining agent, 1-3 parts of air entraining agent and 0.5-2 parts of straw fermenting agent.
More preferably, 4 parts of sulfur powder, 2 parts of nitrobacteria, 2 parts of vulcanized bacteria, 1 part of slow-release compound fertilizer, 1.5 parts of water-retaining agent, 1 part of air entraining agent and 0.8 part of straw fermenting agent.
When the slope gradient of the planting soil is less than 45 degrees and the slope height is less than 30 meters, the cement-reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of sandy loam; 4-5 parts of cement; 0.5-2 parts of silicon powder; 0.5-2 parts of gypsum powder; 0.1-0.2 part of adhesive; 5-6 parts of organic matters; 1-4 parts of plant seeds; 1-2 parts of greening additive. The composite planting soil under the proportion range is particularly suitable for the side slope with a smaller slope surface.
When the slope surface has a gradient of 45-70 degrees and the slope height is less than 30 meters, the cement-reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of sandy loam; 5-8 parts of cement; 1-4 parts of silicon powder; 1-4 parts of gypsum powder; 0.2-0.4 part of adhesive; 6-9 parts of organic matters; 1-4 parts of plant seeds; and 2-4 parts of greening additive. The composite planting soil under the proportion range is particularly suitable for slopes with the gradient of 45-70 degrees and further suitable for slopes with the gradient of 60-70 degrees.
When the slope gradient is greater than 70 degrees, (when the slope height is less than 30 meters, or when the slope height is greater than or equal to 30 meters), the cement-reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of sandy loam; 8-10 parts of cement; 4-5 parts of silicon powder; 4-5 parts of gypsum powder; 0.4-0.5 part of adhesive; 9-10 parts of organic matters; 1-4 parts of plant seeds; and 4-6 parts of greening additive. The preferable compound nutrient soil is suitable for protecting the high-slope surface which is difficult to protect in the prior art.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the planting soil, which comprises the steps of mixing sandy loam, organic matters, cement, silicon powder and gypsum, adding greening additives, and stirring to obtain the planting soil. The preparation method comprises the following steps of weighing the components in proportion, and then putting the components into a stirrer for stirring, wherein the feeding sequence is as follows: firstly sandy loam, organic matters, cement, silica powder and gypsum, then greening additives, and stirring to obtain the planting soil. The inventor discovers that the planting soil prepared by mixing the materials according to the sequence has better performance and stronger performances such as scouring resistance and the like through research.
The invention also discloses an application method of the planting soil, which is used as the alien soil for alien soil spray-seeding protection.
The preferable application method of the invention combines the planting soil and the root penetrating concrete for use, and carries out ecological spray anchor protection on the side slope.
The application method of the planting soil provided by the invention comprises the steps of spraying the substrate and then spraying the surface layer after slope finishing. The slope finishing method can adopt the prior art.
Still more preferably, the planting soil is mechanically sprayed.
And when spraying, controlling the water content of the planting soil to be less than 6%.
Preferably, in the application, 6-8cm of the planting soil is firstly sprayed and sowed on the surface of the side slope to form a base layer; then spraying 2-3cm of surface soil to form a surface layer.
Preferably, the material sprayed on the surface layer (surface layer soil) is different from the planting soil provided by the invention only in that the weight content of any one of cement, silicon powder, gypsum powder and greening additive is reduced; preferably halved. Preferably, the amount of cement, silica powder and gypsum powder in the planting soil used for the top layer (top layer soil) is reduced by half of the amount of cement used for the planting soil used for the base layer.
For example, the planting soil can be directly used as the surface soil, preferably, the cement, silica powder, gypsum powder and greening additives of the planting soil of the substrate are reduced by half, and plant seeds are doped and embedded in the surface layer.
Further preferably, the planting soil is sprayed into the pores of the root system penetrating through the concrete.
In the present invention, if the planting soil is directly sprayed into the pores through which the root system penetrates the concrete, it is further preferable that the planting soil does not contain reinforcing materials such as cement, silica powder, gypsum, and a polyacrylamide-based binder. That is, the green additive of the invention is directly injected into the pores of the concrete with root penetrating pores to improve the alkaline environment in the pores and create conditions for plant growth, and when the green additive is used in combination with the concrete with root penetrating pores, a slope protection scheme with firm structure and lasting greening effect can be formed.
In the preferred application of the present invention, the root penetrating concrete may be made of materials well known in the art.
The application method of the planting soil comprises the following steps:
firstly, cleaning and leveling a side slope, and arranging drainage ditches at the top and the foot of the slope.
Secondly, anchor rods are arranged on the slope surface as required (the anchor rods are
The spacing of the steel bars is 2-5 m).
Thirdly, laying a reinforcing mesh on the slope surface, and arranging the reinforcing mesh in two directions (the diameter of the reinforcing mesh is equal to that of the reinforcing mesh)
The pitch is 100-300 mm).
And fourthly, arranging nutrient bags, namely arranging one continuous nutrient bag along the upper and lower directions (every 3-5m) of the slope, and filling slow-release compound fertilizers into the nutrient bags (the diameter of each nutrient bag is 6cm, so that enough fertility can be provided for plant growth).
Fifthly, weighing 2-8 parts of sulfur powder, 2-8 parts of nitrobacteria, 1-4 parts of vulcanized bacteria, 1-3 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, 1-3 parts of water-retaining agent, 1-3 parts of air entraining agent and 0.5-2 parts of straw fermenting agent respectively, and uniformly stirring to form the greening additive for later use.
And sixthly, determining the dosage of the cement, the silica powder and the gypsum according to the conditions of the height, the gradient and the like of the application slope, wherein the dosage of the cement, the silica powder and the gypsum is more when the height is higher and the gradient is steeper.
Seventhly, determining sandy loam, organic matters, polyacrylamide adhesives, plant seeds and greening additives according to the using amount of cement, weighing the components according to a certain proportion, and then putting the components into a stirrer for stirring, wherein the feeding sequence is as follows: firstly sandy loam, organic matters, cement, silica powder and gypsum, then greening additives, and stirring into a mixture.
Wherein the water content of the sandy loam is 5-10%, and the water content of the organic matter is not more than 15%.
And eighthly, spraying the base layer, and spraying the mixture to a slope surface by using a dry spraying machine to form a base layer with the thickness of 6-8 cm. During spraying construction, the amount of water is required to be paid attention, the amount of water is controlled by a valve at the outlet of the spray pipe, the amount of water cannot be too small, and the mixture is required to be kept fully wet (the water content is less than 6%).
And ninthly, spraying a surface layer, namely halving the using amount of the cement, weighing the rest substances according to the proportion of the base layer, adding a proper amount of plant seeds, uniformly stirring, and spraying a surface layer with the thickness of 2-3cm on the surface of the base layer.
And step ten, spraying water on the slope surface, and covering the slope surface with non-woven fabrics for maintenance.
The invention mainly aims to provide a reliable, efficient and durable greening layer solution for ecological protection of a high and steep side slope, and can be used for improving the alkaline environment in a pore concrete hole and promoting the application of an ecological protection technology in the field of side slope protection.
Advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the cement, the silicon powder and the gypsum are added, so that the strength and the anti-scouring capacity of the planting soil are greatly improved, and the 28d unconfined compressive strength of the planting soil can reach 800-1200 kPa. Due to the use of the silica powder, the gypsum and the polyacrylamide adhesive, the cement consumption is less when the planting soil reaches the same strength, so that the alkalinity of the planting soil is reduced, the plant growth is facilitated, and the gypsum can also perform a neutralization reaction on substances generated by the hydration reaction of the cement, so that the alkaline environment in the planting soil is further improved.
According to the invention, nitrobacteria, sulfuration bacteria and a straw leavening agent are added, so that a large amount of microorganisms are provided for the planting soil, the microorganisms form acidic substances in the process of phagocytizing sulfur powder, and neutralize alkaline substances generated by hydration reaction of cement, so that the alkaline environment in the planting soil is continuously improved, and the straw leavening agent can accelerate the decay process of organic matters, so that the continuous fertility is provided for the growth of plants.
The invention adopts the spray construction process, has simple process, high efficiency, easily obtained materials and lower cost, and can be widely applied to engineering practice.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In order to further illustrate the present invention, we shall describe the technical solution accurately and clearly by the following examples.
The method is applied to a strongly weathered steep rock slope with the gradient of 60 degrees and the height of 20m, is integrally stable, and needs greening and anti-scouring protection on the slope surface.
Firstly, cleaning and leveling a side slope, and arranging drainage ditches at the top and the foot of the slope.
And secondly, the slope is integrally stable, so that an anchor rod is not required to be arranged.
Thirdly, laying a reinforcing mesh on the slope surface, and arranging the reinforcing mesh in two directions, wherein the diameter of the reinforcing mesh is
The pitch was 150 mm.
And fourthly, arranging nutrient bags, namely arranging continuous nutrient bags every 4m along the up-down direction of the slope, wherein the slow-release compound fertilizer is filled in the nutrient bags, and the diameter of each nutrient bag is 6 cm.
And fifthly, respectively weighing 4 parts of sulfur powder, 2 parts of nitrobacteria, 2 parts of vulcanized bacteria, 1 part of slow-release compound fertilizer, 1.5 parts of water-retaining agent, 1 part of air entraining agent and 0.8 part of straw fermenting agent, and uniformly stirring to form the greening additive for later use.
Sixthly, determining that the weight ratio of the dosage of sandy loam, cement, silicon powder, gypsum and the polyacrylamide adhesive is 100: 6: 1: 0.2 because the slope has a steeper slope in the embodiment.
Seventhly, weighing 100 parts of sandy loam, 6 parts of cement, 1 part of silicon powder, 1 part of gypsum, 0.2 part of polyacrylamide binder, 8 parts of sawdust and 2 parts of greening additive, and putting the materials into a stirrer for stirring, wherein the feeding sequence is as follows: firstly, sandy loam, organic matters, cement, silicon powder, gypsum and polyacrylamide adhesive are stirred for 60s, then greening additive is stirred for 90s, and the mixture is formed by stirring.
Wherein, the sandy loam is sieved and dried in the shade before use to remove large stones, so that the moisture content of the sandy loam is ensured to be 5-10%, and the moisture content of organic matters is not more than 15%.
And eighthly, spraying the base layer, and spraying the mixture to the slope surface by using a dry spraying machine to form a base layer with the thickness of 6-8 cm. During spraying construction, the amount of water is required to be paid attention, the amount of water is controlled by a valve at the outlet of the spray pipe, the amount of water cannot be too small, and the mixture is required to be kept fully wet (the water content is less than 6%).
And ninthly, spraying a surface layer, namely weighing 100 parts of sandy loam, 3 parts of cement, 0.5 part of silicon powder, 0.5 part of gypsum, 0.2 part of polyacrylamide adhesive, 8 parts of sawdust and 1 part of greening additive, weighing 2 parts of plant seeds, putting the plant seeds into a stirrer for stirring, and spraying a surface layer with the thickness of 2-3cm on the surface of the base layer after uniformly stirring. The seeds can be mixed with the grass seeds, the flower seeds and the shrub seeds which are commonly used locally according to the climatic conditions and the characteristics of the regions.
And step ten, spraying water on the slope surface, and covering the slope surface with non-woven fabrics for maintenance.
The pH value of the composite planting soil is respectively sampled and tested, the pH value of the planting soil is increased to 11.5 after 1d, the pH value of the planting soil is decreased to 9.8 after 2d, the pH value of the planting soil is decreased to 8.8 after 4d, the pH value of the planting soil is decreased to 8.3 after 6d, and the alkaline improvement effect of the planting soil is obvious. The 28d unconfined compressive strength was 920 kPa.
Example 2
The method is applied to a strongly weathered steep rock slope with the slope of 80 degrees and the height of 20m, is unstable as a whole, and needs greening and anti-scouring protection on the slope surface and stable structure protection.
Firstly, cleaning and leveling a side slope, and arranging drainage ditches at the top and the foot of the slope.
Secondly, according to calculation, anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx shape at intervals of 3 x 3m, the depth of each anchor rod is 6m, and the diameter of each anchor rod is phi 20 mm.
Thirdly, laying a reinforcing mesh on the slope surface, and arranging the reinforcing mesh in two directions, wherein the diameter of the reinforcing mesh is
The pitch was 150 mm.
And fourthly, arranging nutrient bags, namely arranging continuous nutrient bags every 4m along the up-down direction of the slope, wherein the slow-release compound fertilizer is filled in the nutrient bags, and the diameter of each nutrient bag is 6 cm.
And fifthly, respectively weighing 4 parts of sulfur powder, 2 parts of nitrobacteria, 2 parts of vulcanized bacteria, 1 part of slow-release compound fertilizer, 1.5 parts of water-retaining agent, 1 part of air entraining agent and 0.8 part of straw fermenting agent, and uniformly stirring to form the greening additive for later use.
Sixthly, determining that the weight ratio of the dosage of sandy loam, cement, silicon powder, gypsum and the polyacrylamide adhesive is 100: 9: 4: 0.45 because the slope has a steeper slope in the embodiment.
Seventhly, weighing 100 parts of sandy loam, 9 parts of cement, 4 parts of silicon powder, 4 parts of gypsum, 0.45 part of polyacrylamide binder, 10 parts of sawdust and 5 parts of greening additive, and putting the materials into a stirrer for stirring, wherein the feeding sequence is as follows: firstly, sandy loam, organic matters, cement, silicon powder, gypsum and polyacrylamide adhesive are stirred for 60s, then greening additive is stirred for 90s, and the mixture is formed by stirring.
Wherein, the sandy loam is sieved and dried in the shade before use to remove large stones, so that the moisture content of the sandy loam is ensured to be 5-10%, and the moisture content of organic matters is not more than 15%.
And eighthly, spraying the base layer, and spraying the mixture to the slope surface by using a dry spraying machine to form a base layer with the thickness of 6-8 cm. During spraying construction, the amount of water is required to be paid attention, the amount of water is controlled by a valve at the outlet of the spray pipe, the amount of water cannot be too small, and the mixture is required to be kept fully wet (the water content is less than 6%).
And ninthly, spraying a surface layer, namely weighing 100 parts of sandy loam, 4.5 parts of cement, 2 parts of silicon powder, 2 parts of gypsum, 0.2 part of polyacrylamide adhesive, 10 parts of sawdust and 2.5 parts of greening additive, weighing 3 parts of plant seeds, putting the plant seeds into a stirrer for stirring, and spraying a surface layer with the thickness of 2-3cm on the surface of the base layer after uniformly stirring. The seeds can be mixed with the grass seeds, the flower seeds and the shrub seeds which are commonly used locally according to the climatic conditions and the characteristics of the regions.
And step ten, spraying water on the slope surface, and covering the slope surface with non-woven fabrics for maintenance.
The pH value of the composite planting soil is respectively sampled and tested, the pH value of the planting soil is increased to 12 after 1d, the pH value of the planting soil is reduced to 10.4 after 2d, the pH value of the planting soil is reduced to 9.1 after 4d, the pH value of the planting soil is reduced to 8.5 after 6d, and the alkaline improvement effect of the planting soil is obvious. The 28d unconfined compressive strength was 1106 kPa.
Comparative example 1
To illustrate the effect of silica fume, gypsum and polyacrylamide binder on the soil, we performed the same slope conditions as in example 1.
The method is applied to a strongly weathered steep rock slope with the gradient of 60 degrees and the height of 20m, is integrally stable, and needs greening and anti-scouring protection on the slope surface.
Firstly, cleaning and leveling a side slope, and arranging drainage ditches at the top and the foot of the slope.
And secondly, the slope is integrally stable, so that an anchor rod is not required to be arranged.
Thirdly, laying a reinforcing mesh on the slope surface, and arranging the reinforcing mesh in two directions, wherein the diameter of the reinforcing mesh is
The pitch was 150 mm.
And fourthly, arranging nutrient bags, namely arranging continuous nutrient bags every 4m along the up-down direction of the slope, wherein the slow-release compound fertilizer is filled in the nutrient bags, and the diameter of each nutrient bag is 6 cm.
And fifthly, respectively weighing 4 parts of sulfur powder, 2 parts of nitrobacteria, 2 parts of vulcanized bacteria, 1 part of slow-release compound fertilizer, 1.5 parts of water-retaining agent, 1 part of air entraining agent and 0.8 part of straw fermenting agent, and uniformly stirring to form the greening additive for later use.
Sixthly, because the slope is steeper in the embodiment, the reinforcing agent only uses cement, and the weight ratio of the dosage of sandy loam, the cement, the silicon powder, the gypsum and the polyacrylamide adhesive is determined to be 100: 10: 0.
Seventhly, weighing 100 parts of sandy loam, 12 parts of cement, 8 parts of sawdust and 4.4 parts of greening additive, and putting the materials into a stirrer for stirring, wherein the feeding sequence is as follows: firstly, stirring sandy loam, organic matters and cement for 60s, then stirring greening additives for 90s, and stirring into a mixture.
Wherein, the sandy loam is sieved and dried in the shade before use to remove large stones, so that the moisture content of the sandy loam is ensured to be 5-10%, and the moisture content of organic matters is not more than 15%.
And eighthly, spraying the base layer, and spraying the mixture to the slope surface by using a dry spraying machine to form a base layer with the thickness of 6-8 cm. During spraying construction, the amount of water is required to be paid attention, the amount of water is controlled by a valve at the outlet of the spray pipe, the amount of water cannot be too small, and the mixture is required to be kept fully wet.
And ninthly, spraying a surface layer, namely weighing 100 parts of sandy loam, 6 parts of cement, 8 parts of sawdust and 2.2 parts of greening additives, weighing 2 parts of plant seeds, putting the plant seeds into a stirrer for stirring, and spraying a surface layer with the thickness of 2-3cm on the surface of the base layer after uniformly stirring. The seeds can be mixed with the grass seeds, the flower seeds and the shrub seeds which are commonly used locally according to the climatic conditions and the characteristics of the regions.
And step ten, spraying water on the slope surface, and covering the slope surface with non-woven fabrics for maintenance.
In this comparative example, in order to achieve the same strength, in the case of not using silica powder, gypsum and polyacrylamide-based binder, the amount of cement used is significantly increased, the amount of greening additive used is also increased accordingly, construction cost is increased, and the process of improving alkalinity is longer due to the increase of cement.
The pH value of the composite planting soil is respectively sampled and tested, the pH value of the planting soil is increased to 13 after 1d, the pH value of the planting soil is decreased to 11 after 2d, the pH value of the planting soil is decreased to 9.9 after 4d, and the pH value of the planting soil is decreased to 9.2 after 6 d. The 28d unconfined compressive strength was 830 kPa.
Claims (9)
1. The cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
80-150 parts of sandy loam;
4-10 parts of cement;
0.5-5 parts of silicon powder;
0.5-5 parts of gypsum powder;
0.1-0.5 part of adhesive;
5-10 parts of organic matters;
1-4 parts of plant seeds;
1-6 parts of greening additive;
the greening additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of sulfur powder, 2-8 parts of nitrobacteria, 1-4 parts of vulcanized bacteria, 1-3 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, 1-3 parts of water-retaining agent, 1-3 parts of air entraining agent and 0.5-2 parts of straw fermenting agent.
2. The cement-reinforced and alkaline-modified alien-soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement;
the water content of sandy loam is 5-10%, and the water content of organic matters is not more than 15%;
the organic matter is plant fiber; decomposing and fermenting the organic matters;
the purity of the silicon powder is not less than 94%;
the adhesive is polyacrylamide adhesive;
the plant seeds are at least one of bermudagrass, ryegrass, festuca arundinacea and robinia pseudoacacia;
the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.
3. The cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: when the slope surface has a gradient of 45-70 degrees and the slope height is less than 30 meters, the cement-reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of sandy loam; 5-8 parts of cement; 1-4 parts of silicon powder; 1-4 parts of gypsum powder; 0.2-0.4 part of adhesive; 6-9 parts of organic matters; 1-4 parts of plant seeds; and 2-4 parts of greening additive.
4. The cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: when the slope gradient is greater than 70 degrees, the cement-reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of sandy loam; 8-10 parts of cement; 4-5 parts of silicon powder; 4-5 parts of gypsum powder; 0.4-0.5 part of adhesive; 9-10 parts of organic matters; 1-4 parts of plant seeds; and 4-6 parts of greening additive.
5. The method for preparing the cement-reinforced and alkaline modified alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein sandy loam, organic matters, cement, silicon powder and gypsum are mixed, then greening additives are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain the cement-reinforced and alkaline modified alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection.
6. The application of the cement-reinforced and alkaline-improved alien-soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is used as alien soil for alien-soil spray-seeding protection.
7. The use of the cement-reinforced and alkaline modified alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection according to claim 6, wherein the cement-reinforced and alkaline modified alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection is spray-seeded mechanically; and during spray sowing, controlling the water content of the cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray sowing composite planting soil for slope protection to be less than 6%.
8. The application of the cement-reinforced and alkaline modified alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection as claimed in claim 6, wherein 6-8cm of the cement-reinforced and alkaline modified alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection is firstly spray-seeded on the surface of the slope to form a base layer; then spraying and seeding 2-3cm of surface soil to form a surface layer;
compared with the cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection, the surface soil has reduced weight content of any one of cement, silicon powder, gypsum powder and greening additives.
9. The application of the cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection according to any one of claims 6 to 8, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, cleaning and leveling a side slope, and arranging drainage ditches at the top and the foot of the slope;
secondly, arranging anchor rods on the slope surface as required;
thirdly, laying a reinforcing mesh on the slope surface, and arranging the reinforcing mesh in two directions;
fourthly, arranging nutrient bags, wherein a continuous nutrient bag is arranged along the up-down direction of the slope surface, and slow-release compound fertilizers are filled in the nutrient bags;
fifthly, weighing 2-8 parts of sulfur powder, 2-8 parts of nitrobacteria, 1-4 parts of vulcanized bacteria, 1-3 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, 1-3 parts of water-retaining agent, 1-3 parts of air entraining agent and 0.5-2 parts of straw fermenting agent respectively, and uniformly stirring to form a greening additive for later use;
sixthly, determining the dosage of cement, silica powder and gypsum according to the height and the gradient of the application side slope;
seventhly, determining sandy loam, organic matters, a binder, plant seeds and a greening additive according to the using amount of cement, weighing the components according to a certain proportion, and then putting the components into a stirrer for stirring, wherein the feeding sequence is as follows: firstly, sandy loam, organic matters, cement, silicon powder and gypsum, and then greening additives are stirred into a mixture;
eighthly, spraying a base layer, and spraying the mixture to a slope surface by using a dry spraying machine to form a base layer of 6-8 cm;
ninthly, spraying a surface layer, namely reducing the using amounts of cement, silicon powder and gypsum powder by half, weighing the rest substances according to the proportion of the base layer, adding plant seeds, stirring uniformly, and spraying a surface layer with the thickness of 2-3cm on the surface of the base layer;
and step ten, spraying water on the slope surface, and covering the slope surface with non-woven fabrics for maintenance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710816150.3A CN107601980B (en) | 2017-09-10 | 2017-09-10 | Cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection, preparation and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710816150.3A CN107601980B (en) | 2017-09-10 | 2017-09-10 | Cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection, preparation and application |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107601980A CN107601980A (en) | 2018-01-19 |
| CN107601980B true CN107601980B (en) | 2020-04-24 |
Family
ID=61063136
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710816150.3A Active CN107601980B (en) | 2017-09-10 | 2017-09-10 | Cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection, preparation and application |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107601980B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108529938A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-14 | 熊远 | A kind of restoration of the ecosystem side slope vegetation concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN109169151A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-01-11 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | A kind of rapid-hardening water conservation alien earth sparging substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN109588192A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-09 | 宜昌华林生态工程有限公司 | A kind of vegetation concrete sustained release agent and its preparation method and application |
| CN110268936A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-09-24 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | A kind of concrete spray coating surface ecological reconstruction method based on moss growth |
| CN110506573B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-03-29 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | Method for ecological restoration of side slope |
| CN110521323B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2022-02-01 | 南京林业大学 | Method for efficiently and quickly spraying locust trees on exposed shale rock wall to restore green and improve soil pH value |
| CN111919682A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 辽宁大学 | Rapid planting method based on high and steep hilly vegetation |
| CN112679170B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-10-14 | 江苏绿之源生态建设有限公司 | Foamed concrete vegetation nutrient medium and application thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5711997A (en) * | 1995-04-05 | 1998-01-27 | Limestone Di Perani Piero Alberto Bruno | Semifluid mix and associated environmental restoration method |
| CN102491836A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-06-13 | 韦书勇 | Preparation method of improved greening additive for vegetation growing concrete |
| CN103086680A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-08 | 江苏省交通规划设计院股份有限公司 | Lightweight silt foam composite soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN103362132A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-10-23 | 六蜂王（石狮）环保建材有限公司 | Construction method of cast-in-site planting concrete revetment |
| CN103924605A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 湖北工业大学 | Sash girder ecological slope protection structure and construction method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-09-10 CN CN201710816150.3A patent/CN107601980B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5711997A (en) * | 1995-04-05 | 1998-01-27 | Limestone Di Perani Piero Alberto Bruno | Semifluid mix and associated environmental restoration method |
| CN102491836A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-06-13 | 韦书勇 | Preparation method of improved greening additive for vegetation growing concrete |
| CN103086680A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-08 | 江苏省交通规划设计院股份有限公司 | Lightweight silt foam composite soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN103362132A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-10-23 | 六蜂王（石狮）环保建材有限公司 | Construction method of cast-in-site planting concrete revetment |
| CN103924605A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 湖北工业大学 | Sash girder ecological slope protection structure and construction method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107601980A (en) | 2018-01-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107601980B (en) | Cement reinforced and alkaline improved alien soil spray-seeding composite planting soil for slope protection, preparation and application | |
| CN107963838B (en) | Ecological spray anchor slope protection structure and method | |
| CN110506573B (en) | Method for ecological restoration of side slope | |
| CN204305674U (en) | Anchor pole grid is utilized to carry out shale side slope plantation greening structure | |
| CN102031786B (en) | Greening vegetation concrete and construction method thereof | |
| CN101748719A (en) | Method of vegetation restoration and reconstruction of bare rock slope in East China | |
| CN105178340A (en) | Anti-scouring structure used for ecological regreening of rock slope and concrete material used for anti-scouring structure | |
| CN108179755A (en) | A kind of greening concrete protective slope and its construction method | |
| CN111802183A (en) | Ecological slope protection and vertical greening process | |
| CN103265957B (en) | Erosion resistant matrix suitable for spray seeding for greening | |
| CN205035814U (en) | A scour prevention structure that is used for rock matter side slope ecological compound green | |
| CN207295704U (en) | A kind of ecology spray anchor protective slope structure | |
| CN110240451B (en) | Greening concrete and construction method thereof | |
| CN111630975A (en) | Vegetation concrete and preparation method thereof, and plant blanket and preparation method thereof | |
| CN201718283U (en) | Roof greening and planting block | |
| CN1263362C (en) | Gypsum earth vegetation constructional materials and construction method thereof | |
| CN114790751B (en) | Fruit and mud composite ecological slope protection structure and construction method thereof | |
| CN110066159A (en) | A kind of purified water type greening brick and preparation method thereof applied to ecological slope protection | |
| CN113412696B (en) | Coal gangue slope shallow layer reinforcing and ecological restoration method | |
| CN102660958A (en) | Method for protecting ecology of slope through sprinkling irrigation of CS (carbon steel) mixed fibers | |
| CN213897098U (en) | Firm matrix subassembly and anchor spout protective structure | |
| CN111005390A (en) | Method for configuring ecological slope protection base material by dredging sludge | |
| CN110306573A (en) | Nutrition pot for seedling culture is used to spray the structure and method of ecological slope protection | |
| JP3183854B2 (en) | Slope protection composition and slope protection method | |
| CN209914440U (en) | Ecological vegetation net pad |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |