CN107599413A - A kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model - Google Patents
A kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model.It specifically comprises the following steps：(1) supporting zone is scanned for based on STL grid models, sweeps into support profiles；(2) support profiles are carried out with boolean's difference operation；(3) boolean and operate, be specially：Be the vertical supporter in side based on the model obtained by boolean's difference operation, carried out for the side to overlap, itself and the actual vertical face to be parallel to each other in face；(4) gridding again, the grid at above-mentioned net boundary is re-established into corresponding relation, so as to which the bolster model for ensureing to obtain is efficient 2-d manifold, and exports bolster model.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Boolean's difference and boolean and operation are optimized, that is, considers that top surface seeks the method for solving of friendship to Z-direction projection, to obtain suitable bolster model, enormously simplify the requirement for algorithm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3 D-printing correlative technology field, refers in particular to a kind of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model
Boolean operation method.
Background technology
FDM is " Fused Deposition Modeling " shorthand, as fused glass pellet.Do understand FDM into
Type technology, first we need change thinking.Usual 2D printings are to complete printing (in a plane) on a sheet of paper, and 3D is beaten
Print is to complete the printing of a three-dimensional model.FDM, it is exactly that material melts are passed through into printing into liquid for popular using high temperature
Head extrudes solidify afterwards, finally the arrangement form three-dimensional real object on solid space.
Due to the particularity of FDM equipment, data prediction part need for part generate support section it is processed to prevent
Prevent from caving in journey.The problem of supporting the support data of FDM equipment to be a complexity is generated based on existing STL models, wherein relating to
And to the problems such as the very intractable boolean operation of Digital Geometry Processing, tolerance processing, robustness processing.The cloth of general grid model
You operate, and it is operated requires higher to algorithm, and this is mainly manifested in tolerance, asks and hand over the side such as efficiency, unusual judgement, topology rebuilding
Face.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of to require algorithm relatively low base
In the boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printing vertical support models.
To achieve these goals, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model, specifically comprises the following steps：
(1) supporting zone is scanned for based on STL grid models, sweeps into support profiles；
(2) support profiles are carried out with boolean's difference operation, is specially：For a supporting zone to be asked, one is regarded as from branch
The grid model that support region projects downwards and swept, for this model in sweeping into, the piece surface run into is the bolster model
Bottom surface, the bottom surface and all sides composition bolster model；
(3) boolean and operate, be specially：Resulting model is operated as the vertical supporter in side, pin based on boolean's difference
The side that overlaps is carried out, itself and the actual vertical face to be parallel to each other in face；
(4) gridding again, the grid at above-mentioned net boundary is re-established into corresponding relation, so as to ensure obtained branch
Hold mode type is efficient 2-d manifold, and exports bolster model.
This method is actual to be first passed through boolean's difference operation of vertical support model and object model and is supported body, then by this
A little supporters carry out boolean and operate and obtained by gridding again.This method to boolean difference and boolean and operate be subject to it is excellent
Change, that is, consider that top surface asks the method for solving of friendship, to obtain suitable bolster model, enormously simplify for calculating to -Z direction projection
The requirement of method.
Preferably, in step (2), boolean's difference operating method is as follows：
Step 1：Support top surface dough sheet set Sa to be projected to bottom surface, obtain a plane domain A, plane domain A is same
Plane triangle set；
Step 2：Calculate the tri patch set W in the region fallen within plane domain A；
Step 3：To the triangle in tri patch set W, its mutual hiding relation is calculated；
Step 4：Protection support lattice model is formed, wherein：It can be seen that dough sheet set Vs, plane domain A, support top surface dough sheet collection
The side Hsa for closing Sa and supporting top surface dough sheet set Sa to project downwards, form the entity of new bolster model；
Step 5：Dough sheet set Nhs, visible dough sheet set Vs, plane domain A, support top surface dough sheet set Sa compositions are new
Protection support lattice dough sheet set.
Preferably, in step Step 2, tri patch set W acquisition methods are as follows：
Step 2.1：Each triangle t in top surface dough sheet set Sa is supported to grid model dough sheet set St-, with putting down
Tri patch in the A of face region intersects two-by-two, and its overlapping region is R, carries out trigonometric ratio to overlapping region R, obtains triangle collection
Close M；
Step 2.2：To each tri patch in triangle sets M, compare and support top surface dough sheet set Sa pass
System, if above the dough sheet supported in top surface dough sheet set Sa, then abandon, otherwise into tri patch set W.
Preferably, in step Step 3, the method for calculating its mutual hiding relation is as follows：
Step 3.1：The ready visible dough sheet set of record is Vs, wherein：Initial visible dough sheet set Vs=
NULL；
Step 3.2：A triangle t in tri patch set W is taken, calculates triangle t and visible dough sheet set Vs
In each dough sheet relation, it is seen that any dough sheet in dough sheet set Vs is Ts, calculate t and Ts difference, obtained region is then
For new visible face, trigonometric ratio is carried out to this visible face, obtains the new dough sheet set in visible dough sheet set Vs.
Preferably, in step Step 3.2, t and Ts relation have two kinds：(1) t is on Ts；(2) Ts t it
On；If t, on Ts, Ts will likely block partly or completely t；If Ts, on t, t will likely block portion
Point or whole Ts.
Preferably, in step Step 4, the entity acquisition methods of new bolster model are as follows：
Step 4.1：It will be seen that dough sheet set Vs projects to bottom surface, new bottom surface Tvs is obtained, wherein：New bottom surface Tvs
Intersect with side Hsa；
Step 4.2：Syntople is established in dough sheet set to new bottom surface Tvs, it is clear that the corresponding new side of each edge
Face；
Step 4.3：Trigonometric ratio is carried out to new side, obtains dough sheet set Nhs.
Preferably, in step (3), simultaneously operating method is as follows by boolean：
(a) it is pre- to judge, be specially：Grid model A, grid model B bounding box Xa, bounding box Xb are respectively obtained, if bag
Box Xa, bounding box Xb separation are enclosed, then exports grid model A, grid model B, operation terminates；Otherwise continue in next step；
(b) grid model A, grid model B triangle are asked into friendship two-by-two, obtains intersecting line segment, record line segment end points,
Related triangle and corresponding grid, i.e. grid model A or grid model B, and these line segment aggregates are Ls；
(c) line segment in Ls is joined end to end, judges whether different line segment end points overlap, if overlapping, added it to
The ring that will be formed, finally gives a series of end to end rings, and these rings are the intersecting lens of grid model, as LoopSet；
(d) LoopSet is based on, rejects the region of related grid model, the triangle of new model is finally given and intersects
Border；
(e) trigonometric ratio again.
Preferably, in step (d), the region that the ring in LoopSet is included is really grid model A, grid mould
Type B public intersection, these will be referred to as the inside of body after boolean and operation, and specific elimination method is with regard to triangle intersection
During intersection rejected, finally give the triangle of new model and intersecting border.
Preferably, in step (e), trigonometric ratio again is carried out to the intersecting boundary obtained in step (d), had
The two-dimensional manifold mesh model of effect.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Boolean's difference and boolean and operation are optimized, that is, consider top surface to -Z direction
The method for solving of friendship is sought in projection, to obtain suitable bolster model, enormously simplify the requirement for algorithm.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
A kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model, specifically comprises the following steps：
(1) supporting zone is scanned for based on STL grid models, sweeps into support profiles；
(2) support profiles are carried out with boolean's difference operation, is specially：For a supporting zone to be asked, one is regarded as from branch
The grid model that support region projects downwards and swept, for this model in sweeping into, the piece surface run into is the bolster model
Bottom surface, the bottom surface and all sides composition bolster model；
Wherein input：Support top surface dough sheet set Sa, grid model dough sheet set St；Output：Protection support lattice model dough sheet
Set Ss；Boolean's difference operating method is as follows：
Step 1：Support top surface dough sheet set Sa to be projected to bottom surface, obtain a plane domain A, plane domain A is same
Plane triangle set；
Step 2：Calculate the tri patch set W in the region fallen within plane domain A；
Step 2.1：Each triangle t in top surface dough sheet set Sa is supported to grid model dough sheet set St-, with putting down
Tri patch in the A of face region intersects two-by-two, and its overlapping region is R, carries out trigonometric ratio to overlapping region R, obtains triangle collection
Close M；
Step 2.2：To each tri patch in triangle sets M, compare and support top surface dough sheet set Sa pass
System, if above the dough sheet supported in top surface dough sheet set Sa, then abandon, otherwise into tri patch set W；
Step 3：To the triangle in tri patch set W, its mutual hiding relation is calculated；
Step 3.1：The ready visible dough sheet set of record is Vs, wherein：Initial visible dough sheet set Vs=
NULL；
Step 3.2：A triangle t in tri patch set W is taken, calculates triangle t and visible dough sheet set Vs
In each dough sheet relation, it is seen that any dough sheet in dough sheet set Vs is Ts, calculate t and Ts difference, obtained region is then
For new visible face, trigonometric ratio is carried out to this visible face, obtains the new dough sheet set in visible dough sheet set Vs；
Wherein t and Ts relation has two kinds：(1) t is on Ts；(2) Ts is on t；Without loss of generality, if t Ts it
On, then Ts will likely block partly or completely t；If Ts, on t, t will likely be blocked partly or completely
Ts；
Step 4：Protection support lattice model is formed, wherein：It can be seen that dough sheet set Vs, plane domain A, support top surface dough sheet collection
The side Hsa for closing Sa and supporting top surface dough sheet set Sa to project downwards, form the entity of new bolster model；
Step 4.1：It will be seen that dough sheet set Vs projects to bottom surface, new bottom surface Tvs is obtained, wherein：New bottom surface Tvs
Intersect with side Hsa；
Step 4.2：Syntople is established in dough sheet set to new bottom surface Tvs, it is clear that the corresponding new side of each edge
Face；
Step 4.3：Trigonometric ratio is carried out to new side, obtains dough sheet set Nhs；
Step 5：Dough sheet set Nhs, visible dough sheet set Vs, plane domain A, support top surface dough sheet set Sa compositions are new
Protection support lattice dough sheet set.
(3) boolean and operate, be specially：Resulting model is operated as the vertical supporter in side, pin based on boolean's difference
The side that overlaps is carried out, itself and the actual vertical face to be parallel to each other in face；
Wherein input：A, B is respectively two grid models；Output：Boolean and operating result, and be a grid model C,
Or remain as A, B (the two is without intersection)；Simultaneously operating method is as follows by boolean：
(a) it is pre- to judge, be specially：Grid model A, grid model B bounding box Xa, bounding box Xb are respectively obtained, if bag
Box Xa, bounding box Xb separation are enclosed, then exports grid model A, grid model B, operation terminates；Otherwise continue in next step；
(b) grid model A, grid model B triangle are asked into friendship two-by-two, its algorithm uses the method in " boolean is poor ",
Obtain intersecting line segment, record line segment end points, related triangle and corresponding grid, i.e. grid model A or grid mould
Type B, and these line segment aggregates are Ls；
(c) line segment in Ls is joined end to end, judges whether different line segment end points overlap, if overlapping, added it to
The ring that will be formed, finally gives a series of end to end rings, and these rings are the intersecting lens of grid model, as LoopSet；
(d) LoopSet is based on, rejects the region of related grid model, the triangle of new model is finally given and intersects
Border；
The region that ring in LoopSet is included is really grid model A, grid model B public intersection, these
The inside of body will be referred to as after boolean and operation, specific elimination method is to be picked with regard to the intersection during triangle intersection
Remove, finally give triangle and intersecting border of new model (non-triangular can occur in intersecting boundary)；
(e) trigonometric ratio again；
Again trigonometric ratio is carried out to the intersecting boundary obtained in step (d), obtains efficient 2-d manifold grid model.
(4) gridding again, the grid at above-mentioned net boundary is re-established into corresponding relation, so as to ensure obtained branch
Hold mode type is efficient 2-d manifold, and exports bolster model.
In step (1), supporting zone search target is the model surface that search needs to support, and these supporting zones are distinguished
Illustrate and easily cause situation about caving in process caused by excessive angle of inclination, hitch point, Pendent edge, these feelings
Condition sums up the dough sheet for representing each class.In these different faces, the judgement of inclined plane is fairly simple, as long as sentencing the method for section
To the angle with Z axis, and the judgement of hitch point and suspension line then will carry out geometrical analysis to grid model.Needed
, it is necessary to establish its topological relation based on the geological information between them after the tri patch of support, by the triangle with common edge
Dough sheet merges, and ultimately forms region to be supported coherent one by one.
In step (2), the difference operation between two triangles in same plane is largely used, two triangles are mutual
Quality inspection can have 0,1,2,3,4,6 intersection point, and these situations need to handle respectively, and carry out trigonometric ratio, obtain new dough sheet
Set；This problem has had the algorithm of comparative maturity, and specific algorithm can use the method in following document：Philippe
GUigue,Olivier Devillers.Fast and Robust Triangle-Triangle Overlap Test Using
Orientation Predicates[J].Journal of Graphics Tools.2003,8(1):25-32.
In step (3), in general boolean and operate, the operation of its core is two：1) model surface asks friendship, obtains
To intersecting intersection；2) body surface mutually judges inclusion relation by the part that intersection is split, i.e., judgment object between any two
Inclusion relation.Wherein second step is time-consuming and easy error, this origin of an incident in judge a point whether in grid either internally or externally
The robust for being difficult to do is efficient, and in the method, this problem is no longer present, because based on boolean described above difference behaviour
Make method, all bodies will not mutually contain, and only face adjoining fitting.
In step (4), either boolean and the still operation of boolean's difference, the surface triangles of original model can all be beaten
Dissipate, so as to form the grid of topological confusion, gridding again is exactly to re-establish the grid of above-mentioned triangle gridding boundary pair
It should be related to, be efficient 2-d manifold so as to ensure obtained bolster model, the algorithm of this respect comparative maturity, such as：
Pierre Alliez,et,al.Anisotropic polygonal remeshing.ACM SIGGRAPH 2003Papers.
This method is actual to be first passed through boolean's difference operation of vertical support model and object model and is supported body, then by this
A little supporters carry out boolean and operate and obtained by gridding again.This method to boolean difference and boolean and operate be subject to it is excellent
Change, that is, consider that top surface asks the method for solving of friendship, to obtain suitable bolster model, enormously simplify for calculating to -Z direction projection
The requirement of method.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise the following steps：
(1) supporting zone is scanned for based on STL grid models, sweeps into support profiles；
(2) support profiles are carried out with boolean's difference operation, is specially：For a supporting zone to be asked, one is regarded as from Support
The grid model that domain projects downwards and swept, for this model in sweeping into, the piece surface run into is the bottom surface of the bolster model,
The bottom surface and all sides composition bolster model；
(3) boolean and operate, be specially：It is the vertical supporter in side based on the model obtained by boolean's difference operation, for phase
The side that mutually overlaps is carried out, itself and the actual vertical face to be parallel to each other in face；
(4) gridding again, the grid at above-mentioned net boundary is re-established into corresponding relation, so as to ensure obtained branch hold mode
Type is efficient 2-d manifold, and exports bolster model.
2. a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that,
In step (2), boolean's difference operating method is as follows：
Step 1：Support top surface dough sheet set Sa to be projected to bottom surface, obtain a plane domain A plane domains A as coplanar three
Angular set；
Step 2：Calculate the tri patch set W in the region fallen within plane domain A；
Step 3：To the triangle in tri patch set W, its mutual hiding relation is calculated；
Step 4：Protection support lattice model is formed, wherein：It can be seen that dough sheet set Vs, plane domain A, support top surface dough sheet set Sa
And the side Hsa that project downwards of top surface dough sheet set Sa are supported, form the entity of new bolster model；
Step 5：Dough sheet set Nhs, visible dough sheet set Vs, plane domain A, support top surface dough sheet set Sa form new branch
Support the dough sheet set of grid.
3. a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model according to claim 2, it is characterized in that,
In step Step 2, tri patch set W acquisition methods are as follows：
Step 2.1：Each triangle t in top surface dough sheet set Sa is supported to grid model dough sheet set St-, with plane area
Tri patch in the A of domain intersects two-by-two, and its overlapping region is R, carries out trigonometric ratio to overlapping region R, obtains triangle sets M；
Step 2.2：To each tri patch in triangle sets M, compare and support top surface dough sheet set Sa relation, such as
Fruit is then abandoned higher than the dough sheet supported in top surface dough sheet set Sa, otherwise into tri patch set W.
4. a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model according to claim 2, it is characterized in that,
In step Step 3, the method for calculating its mutual hiding relation is as follows：
Step 3.1：The ready visible dough sheet set of record is Vs, wherein：Initial visible dough sheet set Vs=NULL；
Step 3.2：A triangle t in tri patch set W is taken, is calculated every in triangle t and visible dough sheet set Vs
The relation of individual dough sheet, it is seen that any dough sheet in dough sheet set Vs is Ts, calculates t and Ts difference, and obtained region is then new
Visible face, trigonometric ratio is carried out to this visible face, obtains the new dough sheet set in visible dough sheet set Vs.
5. a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model according to claim 4, it is characterized in that,
In step Step 3.2, t and Ts relation have two kinds：(1) t is on Ts；(2) Ts is on t；If t is on Ts, Ts
Partly or completely t will likely be blocked；If Ts, on t, t will likely block partly or completely Ts.
6. a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model according to claim 2, it is characterized in that,
In step Step 4, the entity acquisition methods of new bolster model are as follows：
Step 4.1：It will be seen that dough sheet set Vs projects to bottom surface, new bottom surface Tvs is obtained, wherein：New bottom surface Tvs and side
Face Hsa intersects；
Step 4.2：Syntople is established in dough sheet set to new bottom surface Tvs, it is clear that the corresponding new side of each edge；
Step 4.3：Trigonometric ratio is carried out to new side, obtains dough sheet set Nhs.
7. a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that,
In step (3), simultaneously operating method is as follows by boolean：
(a) it is pre- to judge, be specially：Grid model A, grid model B bounding box Xa, bounding box Xb are respectively obtained, if bounding box
Xa, bounding box Xb are separated, then export grid model A, grid model B, and operation terminates；Otherwise continue in next step；
(b) grid model A, grid model B triangle are asked into friendship two-by-two, obtains intersecting line segment, record line segment end points, correlation
Triangle and corresponding grid, i.e. grid model A or grid model B, and these line segment aggregates are Ls；
(c) line segment in Ls is joined end to end, judges whether different line segment end points overlap, if overlapping, adding it to will
The ring of formation, finally gives a series of end to end rings, and these rings are the intersecting lens of grid model, as LoopSet；
(d) LoopSet is based on, rejects the region of related grid model, finally gives the triangle of new model and intersecting border；
(e) trigonometric ratio again.
8. a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model according to claim 7, it is characterized in that,
In step (d), the region that the ring in LoopSet is included is really grid model A, grid model B public intersection,
These will be referred to as the inside of body after boolean and operation, and specific elimination method is to enter with regard to the intersection during triangle intersection
Row is rejected, and finally gives the triangle of new model and intersecting border.
9. a kind of boolean operation method of FDM 3 D-printings vertical support model according to claim 7, it is characterized in that,
In step (e), trigonometric ratio again is carried out to the intersecting boundary obtained in step (d), obtains efficient 2-d manifold grid
Model.
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| CN114454487A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-10 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Additive manufacturing layered slicing method for self-adaptively generating support structure |
| CN116890458A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-17 | 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 | 3D printing slicing software-based self-defined marking supporting region method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111958967A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-20 | 中科院广州电子技术有限公司 | Boolean operation method for FDM three-dimensional printing vertical support model |
| CN114454487A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-10 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Additive manufacturing layered slicing method for self-adaptively generating support structure |
| CN114454487B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2023-06-23 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Additive manufacturing layering slicing method capable of adaptively generating supporting structure |
| CN116890458A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-17 | 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 | 3D printing slicing software-based self-defined marking supporting region method |
| CN116890458B (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-11-28 | 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 | 3D printing slicing software-based self-defined marking supporting region method |
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