CN107595288A - A kind of enhancing respiratory function tester - Google Patents
A kind of enhancing respiratory function tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN107595288A CN107595288A CN201710845599.2A CN201710845599A CN107595288A CN 107595288 A CN107595288 A CN 107595288A CN 201710845599 A CN201710845599 A CN 201710845599A CN 107595288 A CN107595288 A CN 107595288A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to medical rehabilitation technical field, discloses a kind of enhancing respiratory function tester, and the enhancing respiratory function tester is provided with：Respirometer body；Air outlet valve and inlet valve are socketed in the respirometer body upper end tapping；The air outlet valve and inlet valve are provided with gear adjusting knob；Respiratory siphon is glued to the respirometer body right-hand member；Display screen is rabbeted in the respirometer outer body.The present invention can automatically adjust the valve size of air outlet valve and inlet valve, to control respiratory resistance；The information of screen display exhalation or suction gas is shown, is advantageous to the rehabilitation or enhancing of user's respiratory function.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to medical rehabilitation technical field, more particularly to a kind of enhancing respiratory function tester.
Background technology
At present for solve it is clinical after patient's atelectasis, or improve lung capacity, method therefor to blow up a balloon or bottle blowing etc., because
Air blowing is deep expiration action, and its result makes the volume of lung diminish, therefore can not play a part of making lung expand (Post operation well
Patient makes strong lung recruitment expansion be critically important as early as possible), the method can not observe the situation of change of PFT, Gu uncalibrated visual servo.
It is existing to increase the more uninteresting of respiratory function instrument, it is impossible to reach preferable effect.
Breathing gas measuring system typically has the functions such as gas sensing, measurement, processing, communication and display.Typically according to fortune
It is that row pattern gas monitoring system is divided into shunting (effluent) and do not shunt (main flow).The gas measurement system of shunting is a part
Sample gas is transported to sample room from the sampled pipe in sampling position, to measure gas componant with gas sensor in sample room.
Sampling position is typically in the place being connected in the breathing path of the airway tube of patient or near the airway tube of patient.Without shunting
Gas measurement system gas is not removed from breathing path or the airway tube of patient then, and determine through being configured at breathing path
The composition of the gas of interior sample room.
In the prior art, a kind of mainstream gas measuring system include be configured at breathing path in sample room so as to when patient
The gas of suction and/or exhalation passes through the sample room.Gas sensor generation detection or the measurement signal of sample room are connected to,
For example, represent the voltage signal of gas componant in sample inside gas.Gas sensor and the sample positioned at breathing path
Room connects and the part including output corresponding to the detection signal of gas performance to be determined.
For example, in it can determine the common gas measurement system of carbon dioxide, gas sensor has the source of infrared radiation, if
It is equipped with and surrounds carbon dioxide band.The infra-red radiation along with the vertically road of the breathing gas stream flow channel through sample room
Line is propagated.Gas sensor in this common system also has the photodetector for measuring propagated radiation.In sample gas
The radiation of some wavelength of carbon dioxide absorption simultaneously passes through the radiation of other wavelength.
The detectable signal output of photodetector is sent to gas monitor by oversensitive flexible cable in light weight, by gas monitor
Calculate the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2).In in general dominant systems, the gas monitor is an independent dress in box
Put, box has terminal, and cable is selectively connected to the terminal.In box, the gas monitor includes handle from gas sensing
The detectable signal that device transmits is changed into the processing component of the value of such as transmission coefficient, and described value is used to generate gaseous sample in sample room
Specific gas composition concentration information.The value of this gas concentration for representing to analyze is supplied to the principal series also being located in box
System, the main system use described information any one of in many ways.For example, the main system can show specified gas
The information of body is the information of waveform, is either shown as the information of partial pressure unit value such as millimetres of mercury or is shown as example
The information of the concentration unit of percentage (%).The main system can calculate other variables with described information, then can be institute
State variable and show or send to another system, for example, central station.
In this example, the partial carbondioxide pressure calculated is by playing the output device of main system, such as is installed on
Display outside the box, typically it is shown as figure in the form of column diagram (capnogram).Therefore, gas monitor bag
The operation of the gas sensor containing control simultaneously provides gas measurement functions according to the output signal of the gas sensor to main system
Processing component.The example of this common mainstream gas measuring system is authorizing Nuo Deer et al. United States Patent (USP) 4,914,720
It is described in number.
The advantages of mainstream gas measuring system is sample room located immediately at breathing path, produces well-known gas concentration
Waveform, this waveform reflection more in real time can may typically use measured gas in the airway tube of sidestream approach, for example,
Partial pressure in the change of carbon dioxide.In addition, the sample room of also known as cuvette or airway adapter is configured at tidal air
In body stream, without carrying out gas sampling and scale removal as being required in the stream gas measurement system of image side.
Mainstream gas measuring system has big installation foundation.But there is increasing mainstream gas measuring system user
Wish or require to use sidestream gas measuring system.These users seek to increase sidestream gas on its existing patient monitor
The method simply and readily of measurement capability without changing existing mainstream gas measuring system completely or partially.It is but existing
Mainstream gas measuring system but user can not be made to increase effluent sampled functions easily because these mainstream gas measuring systems
Aim at main flow measurement work manufacture.
Some manufacturers have been used in gas monitoring system of the installation with two kinds of functions of main flow and effluent in a shell
Method tackle this crag-fast situation.This method is certainly costly.System is removed using sidestream-type gas
Interior mainstream gas measuring system is also what people were understood.For example, authorize Mace et al. United States Patent (USP) 4,958,075
(" ' 475 patent ") discloses the sidestream gas measurement for installing a kind of most of hardware including needed for sidestream gas measuring system
System, most of hardware are pumped into institute for example including long tube, along the sample room of long tube length direction configuration and gas
State the pump of pipe.However, system disclosed in ' 475 patents not as, in the box being connected with sample room install like that by device
Gas sensor, and install be the main stream-type gas sensor combined with sample room.In fact, ' 475 patent descriptions is
The gas monitor function of lateral flow systems is moved on to outside the box comprising gas sensor function.It will be appreciated that this solution
It is still to using the special connector for being connected to pump and configuration valve, and the control circuit in same box.
In summary, the problem of prior art is present be：The function of existing increase respiratory function instrument is single, structure letter
Single, respiratory convalescence effect is slow；And prior art a kind of can not be surveyed to provide user for incremental dominant systems
Determine device.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of enhancing respiratory function tester.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of enhancing respiratory function tester, and the enhancing respiratory function tester is set
Have：
Respirometer body；
Air outlet valve and inlet valve are socketed in the respirometer body upper end tapping；In the air outlet valve and inlet valve
It is inlaid with gear regulating valve；Automatic control structure is inlaid with outside the air outlet valve and inlet valve；It is described to automatically control knot
Structure connects gear regulating valve by connecting rod；The automatic control structure is by wirelessly or non-wirelessly connecting respirometer body；
Respiratory siphon is glued to the respirometer body right-hand member；
Display screen is rabbeted in the respirometer outer body；
Flexible pipe one end is socketed respiratory siphon, other end socket blow gun；
Power supply is installed, switch is inlaid on the right side of respirometer body in the respirometer body；
The display screen connects respirometer this in-body power source with switch by wire；
Measuring gas flow rate module, gas pressure measurement module are inlaid with the air outlet valve and inlet valve；The gas
Body flow measurement module, gas pressure measurement module pass through wireless connection respirometer body；
The respirometer body is embedded with data acquisition module, first comparator, the second comparator and single-chip microcomputer；
The data acquisition module and first comparator wired connection, first comparator with the second comparator is wired is connected；
The first comparator and the output end of the second comparator with the single-chip microcomputer is wired is connected；
The data acquisition module with measuring gas flow rate module, gas pressure measurement module by being wirelessly connected respectively；
The digital modulation signals x (t) of measuring gas flow rate module fractional lower-order ambiguity function is expressed as：
Wherein, τ is delay skew, and f is Doppler frequency shift, and 0 ＜ a, b ＜ α/2, x* (t) represents x (t) conjugation, as x (t)
For real signal when, x (t)＜ p ＞=| x (t) |＜ p ＞sgn(x(t))；When x (t) is time multiplexed signal, [x (t)]＜ p ＞=| x (t) |p-1x*
(t)；
The light of the transmitting of the pressure measuring assemblies according to built in gas pressure measurement module of the gas pressure measurement module
Spectrum obtains gas pressure parameter, and spectral emissivity has approximately uniform linear relationship at selected wavelength with pressure, i.e.,：
εi2=εi1[1+k(T2-T1)]；
In formula, εi1It is that wavelength is λi, pressure T1When spectral emissivity；εi2It is that wavelength is λi, pressure T2When spectrum
Emissivity；T1、T2Respectively two pressure at different moments；K is coefficient；
Vi1For first pressure T1Under i-th of passage output signal, Vi2For first pressure T2Under i-th of passage
Output signal, T1Emissivity ε under pressurei1∈ (0,1), by randomly selecting one group of εi1, calculated by following formula in parameter εi1Under
The T actually obtainedi1：
If k ∈ (- η, η), by randomly selecting a k, in second pressure T2Under emissivity εi2Expression formula be：
Calculated by following formula in parameter εi1Under the T that actually obtainsi2：
At the data that the data acquisition module is measured measuring gas flow rate module, gas pressure measurement module
Reason, processing method include：
Collect N number of sample and be used as training set X, sample mean m is obtained using following formula：
Wherein, xi∈ sample training collection X=(x1, x2..., xN)；
Obtain scatter matrix S：
Obtain the eigenvalue λ i and corresponding characteristic vector ei of scatter matrix, wherein, ei is principal component, by characteristic value from
Arrive greatly and small be arranged in order λ 1, λ 2 ...；
P value is taken out, λ 1, λ 2 ..., λ p determine range of flow or pressure limit E=(e1, e2 ..., eP), in this model
Place, in training sample X, the point that each element projects to the scope is obtained by following formula：
X'i=Etxi, t=1,2 ..., N；
What is obtained by above formula is p dimensional vectors by former vector after PCA dimensionality reductions；
The single-chip microcomputer includes：
Time-sequence control module, obtained and instructed by cyclelog, instruction execution cycle is produced according to the instruction, by described in
Instruction execution cycle is sent to status signal module；
Status signal module, the instruction execution cycle that the time-sequence control module is sent is received, performed according to the instruction
Cycle instruction instruction clock cycle residing when performing, the instruction execution cycle included at least two clock cycle；
The instruction that the time-sequence control module indicates according to status signal module clock week residing when performing
Phase, when the instruction performs, residing penultimate clock cycle is sent to described program memory reads next instruction
Control signal, and when the instruction performs residing last clock cycle read from described program controller it is next
Bar instructs；
The time-sequence control module produces timing control signal according to the instruction, by the timing control signal to read-write
Control module and computing module are sent；
The Read-write Catrol module reads data from data storage or deposited to data according to the timing control signal
Reservoir writes data；
The computing module is handled the data read from data storage according to the timing control signal；
The time-sequence control module first clock cycle residing when described next instruction performs produces sequential control
Signal processed, the timing control signal is sent to the Read-write Catrol module and computing module；
Interrupt timing module, the instruction indicated according to the status signal module clock cycle residing when performing,
When the instruction performs, last residing clock cycle carries out interrupt arbitrage, when with the interruption responded, in institute
Penultimate clock cycle residing when next instruction performs is stated, controls the time-sequence control module pause from described program
Controller reads instruction；
The first comparator carries out non-linear change with the second comparator to the signal s (t) after data acquisition module processing
Change, carry out as follows：
WhereinA represents the amplitude of signal, and a (m) represents letter
Number symbol, p (t) represent shaping function, fcThe carrier frequency of signal is represented,The phase of signal is represented, by this
Obtained after nonlinear transformation：
The automatic control structure is by wirelessly or non-wirelessly connecting time-sequence control module, for the automatic of gear regulating valve
Control.
Further, the method that the computing module is handled the data read from data storage includes：
Frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrix caused by the time-sequence control module read from data storage
Pre-processed, including：
It is rightLow energy is carried out to pre-process, i.e., will in each sampling instant pValue of the amplitude less than thresholding ε is set to 0, and is obtained
Thresholding ε setting determines according to the average energy of reception signal.
Further, frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrix caused by the time-sequence control module from data storage reading
Pre-processed, in addition to：
The time-frequency numeric field data of p moment (p=0,1,2 ... P-1) non-zero is found out, is used
Represent, whereinRepresent the response of p moment time-frequencyCorresponding frequency indices, right when non-zero
The normalization pretreatment of these non-zeros, obtains pretreated vectorial b (p, q)=[b1(p,q),b2(p,q),…,bM(p,
q)]T, wherein
。
Further, the method that the computing module is handled the data read from data storage also includes：From number
Frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrix caused by the time-sequence control module read according to memory
After being pre-processed, also need to carry out：
Using clustering algorithm estimate each jump jumping moment and it is each jump corresponding to normalized hybrid matrix column vector,
Hopping frequencies；It is right at p (p=0,1,2 ... the P-1) momentThe frequency values of expression are clustered, obtained cluster centre numberCarrier frequency number existing for the p moment is represented,Individual cluster centre then represents the size of carrier frequency, uses respectively
Represent；To each sampling instant p (p=0,1,2 ... P-1), clustering algorithm pair is utilizedClustered, it is same availableIndividual cluster centre, useRepresent；To allAverage and round, obtain the estimation of source signal numberI.e.：
Find outAt the time of, use phRepresent, to the p of each section of continuous valuehIntermediate value is sought, is used
Represent that l sections are connected phIntermediate value, thenRepresent the estimation at l-th of frequency hopping moment；
Obtained according to estimationAnd the 4th the frequency hopping moment for estimating to obtain in step estimate often
Corresponding to one jumpIndividual hybrid matrix column vectorSpecifically formula is：
HereRepresent corresponding to l jumpsIndividual mixing
Matrix column vector estimate；Estimate carrier frequency corresponding to each jump, useIt is corresponding to represent that l is jumped
'sIndividual frequency estimation, calculation formula are as follows：
Further, the normalization hybrid matrix column vector obtained according to estimation estimates time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal.
Further, the time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal between different frequency hopping points is spliced；Estimate corresponding to l jumpsIt is individual
Incident angle, useRepresent that l jumps incident angle corresponding to n-th of source signal,Calculation formula it is as follows：
Represent that l jumps n-th of hybrid matrix column vector that estimation obtainsM-th of element, c represent the light velocity,
That is vc=3 × 108Meter per second；Judge that l (l=2,3 ...) jumps pair between the source signal of estimation and the source signal of the first jump estimation
It should be related to, judgment formula is as follows：
Wherein mn (l)Represent that l jumps the m of estimationn (l)Individual signal and first n-th of signal for jumping estimation belong to same source
Signal；By different frequency hopping point estimation to the signal for belonging to same source signal be stitched together, as final time-frequency domain source
Signal is estimated, uses YnTime-frequency domain estimate of n-th of the source signal of (p, q) expression in time frequency point (p, q), p=0,1,2 ...,
P, q=0,1,2 ..., Nfft- 1, i.e.,：
Further, according to source signal time-frequency domain estimate, time domain frequency hopping source signal is recovered；To each sampling instant p (p=
0,1,2 ...) frequency domain data Yn(p, q), q=0,1,2 ..., Nfft- 1 is NfftThe IFFT conversion of point, obtains p sampling instants pair
The time domain frequency hopping source signal answered, uses yn(p,qt)(qt=0,1,2 ..., Nfft- 1) represent；The time domain that above-mentioned all moment are obtained
Frequency hopping source signal yn(p,qt) processing is merged, final time domain frequency hopping source signal estimation is obtained, specific formula is as follows：
Here Kc=Nfft/ C, C be Short Time Fourier Transform adding window interval sampling number, NfftFor the length of FFT.
Advantages of the present invention and good effect are：The valve size of adjustable air outlet valve and inlet valve, to control breathing to hinder
Power；The information of exhalation or suction gas is shown on display screen, is advantageous to the rehabilitation or enhancing of user's respiratory function.
The present invention is proved by related experiment：The present invention integrates module, data sampling and processing, than prior art
Data obtain accuracy rate and bring up to 97.85% by 93.32%.
This single-chip data processing method of the present invention, fully ensure that each transmission data constantly in change, have accurately
Data after processing, played a key effect for intelligentized control.
The present invention utilizes cloud computing and big data in respiratory function increase analyzer, is opened for it in field of medical device
New use.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is respiratory function increase analyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is air outlet valve gear regulation schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is inlet valve gear regulation schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
In figure：1st, display screen；2nd, respirometer body；3rd, air outlet valve；4th, inlet valve；5th, respiratory siphon；6th, flexible pipe；7th, open
Close；8th, blow gun.
Embodiment
In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, hereby enumerating following examples, and coordinate accompanying drawing
1 described in detail to accompanying drawing 3 it is as follows.
1 the structure of the present invention is explained in detail to accompanying drawing 3 below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in accompanying drawing 1 to accompanying drawing 3, enhancing respiratory function tester provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes：Display screen 1,
Respirometer body 2, air outlet valve 3, inlet valve 4, respiratory siphon 5, flexible pipe 6, switch 7, blow gun 8.
Air outlet valve 3 and inlet valve 4 are socketed in the upper end tapping of respirometer body 2, and respiratory siphon 5 is glued to respiration monitoring
The right-hand member of instrument body 2, the one end of flexible pipe 6 socket respiratory siphon 5, other end socket blow gun 8.
Power supply is installed, display screen 1 is rabbeted embedding in the outside of respirometer body 2, switch 7 in respirometer body 1
Mounted in the right side of respirometer body 1.
Air outlet valve 3 and inlet valve 4 are provided with gear regulating valve.
Blow gun 8 is socketed in the one end of flexible pipe 6, and blow gun is replaceable.
Display screen 1 connects the interior power of respirometer body 2 with switch 7 by wire.
Measuring gas flow rate module, gas pressure measurement module are inlaid with the air outlet valve and inlet valve；The gas
Body flow measurement module, gas pressure measurement module pass through wireless connection respirometer body；
The respirometer body is embedded with data acquisition module, first comparator, the second comparator and single-chip microcomputer；
The data acquisition module and first comparator wired connection, first comparator with the second comparator is wired is connected；
The first comparator and the output end of the second comparator with the single-chip microcomputer is wired is connected；
The data acquisition module with measuring gas flow rate module, gas pressure measurement module by being wirelessly connected respectively；
The digital modulation signals x (t) of measuring gas flow rate module fractional lower-order ambiguity function is expressed as：
Wherein, τ is delay skew, and f is Doppler frequency shift, and 0 ＜ a, b ＜ α/2, x* (t) represents x (t) conjugation, as x (t)
For real signal when, x (t)＜ p ＞=| x (t) |＜ p ＞sgn(x(t))；When x (t) is time multiplexed signal, [x (t)]＜ p ＞=| x (t) |p-1x*
(t)；
The light of the transmitting of the pressure measuring assemblies according to built in gas pressure measurement module of the gas pressure measurement module
Spectrum obtains gas pressure parameter, and spectral emissivity has approximately uniform linear relationship at selected wavelength with pressure, i.e.,：
εi2=εi1[1+k(T2-T1)]；
In formula, εi1It is that wavelength is λi, pressure T1When spectral emissivity；εi2It is that wavelength is λi, pressure T2When spectrum
Emissivity；T1、T2Respectively two pressure at different moments；K is coefficient；
Vi1For first pressure T1Under i-th of passage output signal, Vi2For first pressure T2Under i-th of passage
Output signal, T1Emissivity ε under pressurei1∈ (0,1), by randomly selecting one group of εi1, calculated by following formula in parameter εi1Under
The T actually obtainedi1：
If k ∈ (- η, η), by randomly selecting a k, in second pressure T2Under emissivity εi2Expression formula be：
Calculated by following formula in parameter εi1Under the T that actually obtainsi2：
At the data that the data acquisition module is measured measuring gas flow rate module, gas pressure measurement module
Reason, processing method include：
Collect N number of sample and be used as training set X, sample mean m is obtained using following formula：
Wherein, xi∈ sample training collection X=(x1, x2..., xN)；
Obtain scatter matrix S：
Obtain the eigenvalue λ i and corresponding characteristic vector ei of scatter matrix, wherein, ei is principal component, by characteristic value from
Arrive greatly and small be arranged in order λ 1, λ 2 ...；
P value is taken out, λ 1, λ 2 ..., λ p determine range of flow or pressure limit E=(e1, e2 ..., eP), in this model
Place, in training sample X, the point that each element projects to the scope is obtained by following formula：
X'i=Etxi, t=1,2 ..., N；
What is obtained by above formula is p dimensional vectors by former vector after PCA dimensionality reductions；
The single-chip microcomputer includes：
Time-sequence control module, obtained and instructed by cyclelog, instruction execution cycle is produced according to the instruction, by described in
Instruction execution cycle is sent to status signal module；
Status signal module, the instruction execution cycle that the time-sequence control module is sent is received, performed according to the instruction
Cycle instruction instruction clock cycle residing when performing, the instruction execution cycle included at least two clock cycle；
The instruction that the time-sequence control module indicates according to status signal module clock week residing when performing
Phase, when the instruction performs, residing penultimate clock cycle is sent to described program memory reads next instruction
Control signal, and when the instruction performs residing last clock cycle read from described program controller it is next
Bar instructs；
The time-sequence control module produces timing control signal according to the instruction, by the timing control signal to read-write
Control module and computing module are sent；
The Read-write Catrol module reads data from data storage or deposited to data according to the timing control signal
Reservoir writes data；
The computing module is handled the data read from data storage according to the timing control signal；
The time-sequence control module first clock cycle residing when described next instruction performs produces sequential control
Signal processed, the timing control signal is sent to the Read-write Catrol module and computing module；
Interrupt timing module, the instruction indicated according to the status signal module clock cycle residing when performing,
When the instruction performs, last residing clock cycle carries out interrupt arbitrage, when with the interruption responded, in institute
Penultimate clock cycle residing when next instruction performs is stated, controls the time-sequence control module pause from described program
Controller reads instruction；
The first comparator carries out non-linear change with the second comparator to the signal s (t) after data acquisition module processing
Change, carry out as follows：
WhereinA represents the amplitude of signal, and a (m) represents letter
Number symbol, p (t) represent shaping function, fcThe carrier frequency of signal is represented,The phase of signal is represented, by this
Obtained after nonlinear transformation：
The automatic control structure is by wirelessly or non-wirelessly connecting time-sequence control module, for the automatic of gear regulating valve
Control.
The method that the computing module is handled the data read from data storage includes：
Frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrix caused by the time-sequence control module read from data storage
Pre-processed, including：
It is rightLow energy is carried out to pre-process, i.e., will in each sampling instant pValue of the amplitude less than thresholding ε is set to 0, and is obtained
Thresholding ε setting determines according to the average energy of reception signal.
Frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrix caused by the time-sequence control module read from data storage
Pre-processed, in addition to：
The time-frequency numeric field data of p moment (p=0,1,2 ... P-1) non-zero is found out, is used
Represent, whereinRepresent the response of p moment time-frequencyCorresponding frequency indices, right when non-zero
The normalization pretreatment of these non-zeros, obtains pretreated vectorial b (p, q)=[b1(p,q),b2(p,q),…,bM(p,
q)]T, wherein
。
The method that the computing module is handled the data read from data storage also includes：From data storage
Frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrix caused by the time-sequence control module of reading
After being pre-processed, also need to carry out：
Using clustering algorithm estimate each jump jumping moment and it is each jump corresponding to normalized hybrid matrix column vector,
Hopping frequencies；It is right at p (p=0,1,2 ... the P-1) momentThe frequency values of expression are clustered, obtained cluster centre numberCarrier frequency number existing for the p moment is represented,Individual cluster centre then represents the size of carrier frequency, uses respectively
Represent；To each sampling instant p (p=0,1,2 ... P-1), clustering algorithm pair is utilizedClustered, it is same availableIndividual cluster centre, useRepresent；To allAverage and round, obtain the estimation of source signal numberI.e.：
Find outAt the time of, use phRepresent, to the p of each section of continuous valuehIntermediate value is sought, is used
Represent that l sections are connected phIntermediate value, thenRepresent the estimation at l-th of frequency hopping moment；
Obtained according to estimationAnd the 4th the frequency hopping moment for estimating to obtain in step estimate often
Corresponding to one jumpIndividual hybrid matrix column vectorSpecifically formula is：
HereRepresent corresponding to l jumpsIndividual mixing
Matrix column vector estimate；Estimate carrier frequency corresponding to each jump, useIt is corresponding to represent that l is jumped
'sIndividual frequency estimation, calculation formula are as follows：
The normalization hybrid matrix column vector obtained according to estimation estimates time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal.
Time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal between different frequency hopping points is spliced；Estimate corresponding to l jumpsIndividual incidence angle
Degree, useRepresent that l jumps incident angle corresponding to n-th of source signal,Calculation formula it is as follows：
Represent that l jumps n-th of hybrid matrix column vector that estimation obtainsM-th of element, c represent the light velocity,
That is vc=3 × 108Meter per second；Judge that l (l=2,3 ...) jumps pair between the source signal of estimation and the source signal of the first jump estimation
It should be related to, judgment formula is as follows：
Wherein mn (l)Represent that l jumps the m of estimationn (l)Individual signal and first n-th of signal for jumping estimation belong to same source
Signal；By different frequency hopping point estimation to the signal for belonging to same source signal be stitched together, as final time-frequency domain source
Signal is estimated, uses YnTime-frequency domain estimate of n-th of the source signal of (p, q) expression in time frequency point (p, q), p=0,1,2 ...,
P, q=0,1,2 ..., Nfft- 1, i.e.,：
According to source signal time-frequency domain estimate, recover time domain frequency hopping source signal；To each sampling instant p (p=0,1,
2 ...) frequency domain data Yn(p, q), q=0,1,2 ..., Nfft- 1 is NfftThe IFFT conversion of point, is obtained corresponding to p sampling instants
Time domain frequency hopping source signal, uses yn(p,qt)(qt=0,1,2 ..., Nfft- 1) represent；The time domain frequency hopping that above-mentioned all moment are obtained
Source signal yn(p,qt) processing is merged, final time domain frequency hopping source signal estimation is obtained, specific formula is as follows：
Here Kc=Nfft/ C, C be Short Time Fourier Transform adding window interval sampling number, NfftFor the length of FFT.
Flexible pipe is socketed on respiratory siphon and blow gun by the present invention respectively, by switching selection blow mode or air-breathing mode,
Regulate appropriate air outlet valve or inlet valve gear；Blow gun is blown or air-breathing, display screen display breathe out or sucked gas
Information, and according to information adjusting training, reach using effect.
It is described above to be only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, any formal limitation not is made to the present invention,
Every technical spirit according to the present invention belongs to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification
In the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of enhancing respiratory function tester, it is characterised in that the enhancing respiratory function tester is provided with：
Respirometer body；
Air outlet valve and inlet valve are socketed in the respirometer body upper end tapping；Inlayed in the air outlet valve and inlet valve
Embedded with gear regulating valve；Automatic control structure is inlaid with outside the air outlet valve and inlet valve；The automatic control structure leads to
Cross connecting rod connection gear regulating valve；The automatic control structure is by wirelessly or non-wirelessly connecting respirometer body；
Respiratory siphon is glued to the respirometer body right-hand member；
Display screen is rabbeted in the respirometer outer body；
Flexible pipe one end is socketed respiratory siphon, other end socket blow gun；
Power supply is installed, switch is inlaid on the right side of respirometer body in the respirometer body；
The display screen connects respirometer this in-body power source with switch by wire；
Measuring gas flow rate module, gas pressure measurement module are inlaid with the air outlet valve and inlet valve；The gas stream
Measure cover half block, gas pressure measurement module passes through wireless connection respirometer body；
The respirometer body is embedded with data acquisition module, first comparator, the second comparator and single-chip microcomputer；
The data acquisition module and first comparator wired connection, first comparator with the second comparator is wired is connected；It is described
First comparator and the output end of the second comparator with the single-chip microcomputer is wired is connected；
The data acquisition module with measuring gas flow rate module, gas pressure measurement module by being wirelessly connected respectively；
The digital modulation signals x (t) of measuring gas flow rate module fractional lower-order ambiguity function is expressed as：
<mrow>
<mi>&chi;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>&tau;</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&infin;</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>&infin;</mi>
</msubsup>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>&tau;</mi>
<mo>/</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo><</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>></mo>
</mrow>
</msup>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>*</mo>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&tau;</mi>
<mo>/</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo><</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>></mo>
</mrow>
</msup>
<msup>
<mi>e</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>j</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>&pi;</mi>
<mi>f</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein, τ is delay skew, and f is Doppler frequency shift, 0 ＜ a, b ＜ α/2, x*(t) x (t) conjugation is represented, when x (t) is real
During signal, x (t)＜ p ＞=| x (t) |＜ p ＞sgn(x(t))；When x (t) is time multiplexed signal, [x (t)]＜ p ＞=| x (t) |p-1x*(t)；
The spectrum of the transmitting of the pressure measuring assemblies according to built in gas pressure measurement module of the gas pressure measurement module obtains
To gas pressure parameter, spectral emissivity has approximately uniform linear relationship at selected wavelength with pressure, i.e.,：
εi2=εi1[1+k(T2-T1)]；
In formula, εi1It is that wavelength is λi, pressure T1When spectral emissivity；εi2It is that wavelength is λi, pressure T2When spectral emissions
Rate；T1、T2Respectively two pressure at different moments；K is coefficient；
Vi1For first pressure T1Under i-th of passage output signal, Vi2For first pressure T2Under i-th of passage it is defeated
Go out signal, T1Emissivity ε under pressurei1∈ (0,1), by randomly selecting one group of εi1, calculated by following formula in parameter εi1Lower reality
Obtained Ti1：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<msup>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msup>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&epsiv;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msubsup>
<mi>V</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
If k ∈ (- η, η), by randomly selecting a k, in second pressure T2Under emissivity εi2Expression formula be：
<mrow>
<msubsup>
<mi>&epsiv;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&epsiv;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>[</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>]</mo>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Calculated by following formula in parameter εi1Under the T that actually obtainsi2：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<msup>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msup>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&epsiv;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>V</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
The data acquisition module is handled the data of measuring gas flow rate module, the measurement of gas pressure measurement module, is located
Reason method includes：
Collect N number of sample and be used as training set X, sample mean m is obtained using following formula：
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>N</mi>
</mfrac>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
</munderover>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
Wherein, xi∈ sample training collection X=(x1, x2..., xN)；
Obtain scatter matrix S：
<mrow>
<mi>S</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
</munderover>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>t</mi>
</msup>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Obtain the eigenvalue λ i and corresponding characteristic vector ei of scatter matrix, wherein, ei is principal component, by characteristic value from greatly to
It is small to be arranged in order λ 1, λ 2 ...；
P value is taken out, λ 1, λ 2 ..., λ p determine range of flow or pressure limit E=(e1, e2 ..., eP), in this scope,
In training sample X, the point that each element projects to the scope is obtained by following formula：
X'i=Etxi, t=1,2 ..., N；
What is obtained by above formula is p dimensional vectors by former vector after PCA dimensionality reductions；
The single-chip microcomputer includes：
Time-sequence control module, obtained and instructed by cyclelog, instruction execution cycle is produced according to the instruction, by the instruction
The cycle is performed to the transmission of status signal module；
Status signal module, the instruction execution cycle that the time-sequence control module is sent is received, according to the instruction execution cycle
The clock cycle residing when the instruction performs is indicated, the instruction execution cycle included at least two clock cycle；
The instruction that the time-sequence control module indicates according to the status signal module clock cycle residing when performing,
Instruction penultimate clock cycle residing when performing sends the control for reading next instruction to described program memory
Signal processed, and last clock cycle residing when the instruction performs read next finger from described program controller
Order；
The time-sequence control module produces timing control signal according to the instruction, by the timing control signal to Read-write Catrol
Module and computing module are sent；
The Read-write Catrol module reads data or to data storage according to the timing control signal, from data storage
Write data；
The computing module is handled the data read from data storage according to the timing control signal；
The time-sequence control module first clock cycle residing when described next instruction performs produces SECO letter
Number, the timing control signal is sent to the Read-write Catrol module and computing module；
Interrupt timing module, the instruction indicated according to the status signal module clock cycle residing when performing, in institute
Last clock cycle progress interrupt arbitrage residing when instruction performs is stated, when with the interruption responded, under described
One instruction penultimate clock cycle residing when performing, the time-sequence control module pause is controlled to be controlled from described program
Device reads instruction；
The first comparator carries out nonlinear transformation with the second comparator to the signal s (t) after data acquisition module processing, presses
Equation below is carried out：
<mrow>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>*</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>|</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>c</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
WhereinA represents the amplitude of signal, and a (m) represents signal
Symbol, p (t) represent shaping function, fcThe carrier frequency of signal is represented,The phase of signal is represented, it is non-thread by this
Property conversion after obtain：
<mrow>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>|</mo>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
The automatic control structure is by wirelessly or non-wirelessly connecting time-sequence control module, for the automatic control to gear regulating valve
System.
2. enhancing respiratory function tester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the computing module is to from data storage
The method that the data that device is read are handled includes：
Frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrix caused by the time-sequence control module read from data storage
Pre-processed, including：
It is rightLow energy is carried out to pre-process, i.e., will in each sampling instant pValue of the amplitude less than thresholding ε is set to 0, and is obtained
Thresholding ε setting determines according to the average energy of reception signal.
3. enhancing respiratory function tester as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the sequential control read from data storage
Frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrix caused by molding block
Pre-processed, in addition to：
The time-frequency numeric field data of p moment (p=0,1,2 ... P-1) non-zero is found out, is usedTable
Show, whereinRepresent the response of p moment time-frequencyCorresponding frequency indices when non-zero, to this
A little non-zero normalization pretreatments, obtain pretreated vectorial b (p, q)=[b1(p,q),b2(p,q),…,bM(p,q)
]T, wherein
。
4. enhancing respiratory function tester as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the computing module is to from data storage
The method that the data that device is read are handled also includes：Frequency hopping mixing caused by the time-sequence control module read from data storage
Signal time-frequency domain matrix
After being pre-processed, also need to carry out：
Utilize normalized hybrid matrix column vector, frequency hopping corresponding to the jumping moment of each jump of clustering algorithm estimation and each jump
Frequency；It is right at p (p=0,1,2 ... the P-1) momentThe frequency values of expression are clustered, obtained cluster centre numberTable
Show carrier frequency number existing for the p moment,Individual cluster centre then represents the size of carrier frequency, uses respectivelyTable
Show；To each sampling instant p (p=0,1,2 ... P-1), clustering algorithm pair is utilizedClustered, it is same available
Individual cluster centre, useRepresent；To allAverage and round, obtain the estimation of source signal number
I.e.：
<mrow>
<mover>
<mi>N</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>p</mi>
</mfrac>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>P</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</munderover>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>N</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mi>p</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Find outAt the time of, use phRepresent, to the p of each section of continuous valuehIntermediate value is sought, is usedRepresent l sections
Be connected phIntermediate value, thenRepresent the estimation at l-th of frequency hopping moment；Obtained according to estimation
And the 4th the frequency hopping moment for estimating to obtain in step estimate corresponding to each jumpIndividual hybrid matrix column vectorTool
Body formula is：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<munderover>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&NotEqual;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>p</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</munderover>
<msubsup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>p</mi>
</mrow>
<mn>0</mn>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<munderover>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&NotEqual;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>p</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</munderover>
<msubsup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>p</mi>
</mrow>
<mn>0</mn>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>></mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mo>...</mo>
<mo>,</mo>
<mover>
<mi>N</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
</mrow>
HereRepresent corresponding to l jumpsIndividual hybrid matrix
Column vector estimate；Estimate carrier frequency corresponding to each jump, useRepresent corresponding to l jumps
Individual frequency estimation, calculation formula are as follows：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mrow>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<munderover>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&NotEqual;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>p</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</munderover>
<msubsup>
<mi>f</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<munderover>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&NotEqual;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>p</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>h</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</munderover>
<msubsup>
<mi>f</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>></mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mo>...</mo>
<mo>,</mo>
<mover>
<mi>N</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mo>.</mo>
</mrow>
5. enhancing respiratory function tester as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the normalization obtained according to estimation mixes
Matrix column vector estimates time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal.
6. enhancing respiratory function tester as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that to the time-frequency domain between different frequency hopping points
Frequency hopping source signal is spliced；Estimate corresponding to l jumpsIndividual incident angle, useIt is corresponding to represent that l jumps n-th of source signal
Incident angle,Calculation formula it is as follows：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<munderover>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
</munderover>
<msup>
<mi>sin</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>/</mo>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>*</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>&pi;</mi>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mrow>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mn>...</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mover>
<mi>N</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
</mrow>
Represent that l jumps n-th of hybrid matrix column vector that estimation obtainsM-th of element, c represent the light velocity, i.e. vc
=3 × 108Meter per second；It is corresponding between the source signal of estimation and the source signal of the first jump estimation to judge that l (l=2,3 ...) is jumped
Relation, judgment formula are as follows：
<mrow>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<munder>
<mi>argmin</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
</munder>
<mo>|</mo>
<msubsup>
<mover>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mi>m</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</msubsup>
<mo>-</mo>
<msubsup>
<mover>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mi>n</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</msubsup>
<mo>|</mo>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mo>...</mo>
<mo>,</mo>
<mover>
<mi>N</mi>
<mo>^</mo>
</mover>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein mn (l)Represent that l jumps the m of estimationn (l)Individual signal and first n-th of signal for jumping estimation, which belong to same source, to be believed
Number；By different frequency hopping point estimation to the signal for belonging to same source signal be stitched together, believe as final time-frequency domain source
Number estimation, use YnTime-frequency domain estimate of n-th of the source signal of (p, q) expression in time frequency point (p, q), p=0,1,2 ..., P,
Q=0,1,2 ..., Nfft- 1, i.e.,：
7. enhancing respiratory function tester as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that according to source signal time-frequency domain estimate,
Recover time domain frequency hopping source signal；To each sampling instant p (p=0,1,2 ...) frequency domain data Yn(p, q), q=0,1,2 ...,
Nfft- 1 is NfftThe IFFT conversion of point, obtains time domain frequency hopping source signal corresponding to p sampling instants, uses yn(p,qt)(qt=0,1,
2,…,Nfft- 1) represent；The time domain frequency hopping source signal y that above-mentioned all moment are obtainedn(p,qt) processing is merged, obtain most
Whole time domain frequency hopping source signal estimation, specific formula are as follows：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mi>C</mi>
<mo>:</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>C</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<munderover>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
</munderover>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>C</mi>
<mo>:</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>C</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo><</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<munderover>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
</munderover>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>C</mi>
<mo>:</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>C</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>&GreaterEqual;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mo>...</mo>
</mrow>
Here Kc=Nfft/ C, C be Short Time Fourier Transform adding window interval sampling number, NfftFor the length of FFT.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110025939A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-19 | 平顶山教育学院(平顶山市文化旅游学校) | A kind of musical respiration training instrument |
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| CN2113046U (en) * | 1992-01-20 | 1992-08-19 | 郝建潮 | Enhancing respiratory function tester |
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| CN110025939B (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2020-10-02 | 平顶山教育学院(平顶山市文化旅游学校) | Vocal music breathing training instrument |
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