CN107592835B

CN107592835B - Continuous working press

Info

Publication number: CN107592835B
Application number: CN201680027433.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R·帕提斯
Original assignee: Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Current assignee: Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Priority date: 2015-05-11
Filing date: 2016-05-11
Publication date: 2021-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2036-05-11
Also published as: EP3294539A1; DE102015107381B4; CN107592835A; WO2016180899A1; DE102015107381A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuously operating press comprising: -two steel belts which circulate endlessly and which draw the material through the press, -heatable heating plates which support the steel belts, -rolling bearing supports which are arranged between the steel belts and the heating plates, -a plurality of supports which are arranged transversely to the direction of rotation of the steel belts, the pressing force being introduced directly into the heating plates by means of a plurality of hydraulic working cylinders of each support which are arranged in a row, -an inlet region for the material discharge and-a press section for the material pressing (8) which can be divided into at least two different regions by virtue of the embodiment of the supports and/or the hydraulic working cylinders. In order to improve the adjustability in the region, the at least two supports are arranged offset from one another transversely to the direction of rotation of the steel strip and/or in the region the at least one working cylinder of the first support is arranged offset in the direction of rotation of the steel strip relative to the at least one working cylinder of the second support.

Description

Continuous working press

Technical Field

The invention relates to a continuous working press.

Background

In large-scale industrial production of wood material boards, continuously operating presses are usually used. In a press as described in DE 3913991C 2, the pressing force is transmitted via hydraulic actuating elements to press plates and heating plates and further via steel belts, which are supported and arranged cyclically, to the press. The force flow of the forces generated in the hydraulic actuating element is essentially guided and supported by the press frame. Further modifications of this type of press can be found in DE 4017791C 2 and DE 4340982B 4.

Common to all of these prior art techniques is: the continuously operating press is divided into a plurality of zones along the press section. At the beginning is the inlet area. This region is omitted in the following because of the specific configuration related to the first compression region, as is known from DE 4301594C 2, and is known in the art as a so-called inlet wedge compressor. The compressor receives the pad from the feeding device and compacts the pad according to a pre-adjusted main compaction profile. If the press gap reaches approximately the thickness of the finished product, the material is located in the high pressure region (HD) and then the material reaches the medium pressure region (MD) and the low pressure region (ND). The homogeneous heating and plasticizing processes are essentially carried out in the first two zones. These two regions have a substantially bulky press frame due to their necessary high pressing force. The low pressure zone (ND) typically gives the sheet time to complete the bond.

The main difference between these three areas is the different configuration of the press frame, which is designed for different maximum forces in order to save costs in production. The difference between these regions lies in the plant technology in the different material strengths of the frame construction, in the number and size of the hydraulic cylinders used per row (transversely to the production direction), in the spacing of the necessary supports of the press platens by means of the press frame and the like. Furthermore, the person skilled in the art is here known to mechanical engineers and inherently: the same components are used as much as possible for the same regions with the same requirements and are arranged symmetrically.

It is known to arrange various frame supports along a continuously operating press for various zones (HD, MD, ND), wherein the same press frame is used in each zone and the press frame and its embodiments differ only at the transition between the two zones.

Due to the rising cost of metal and steel structures and the possibility that FEMs are associated with modern PC-supported design processes, situations have arisen in which the amount of metal used is increasingly reduced. This results in the present press no longer having the required stiffness. At the same time, however, the aim is to compensate for the temperature-dependent deformation of the press by bending and adjusting the press platens and to produce a finished product which is as accurate as possible.

However, for producing an optimum finished product with the most precise possible dimensional stability, it has proven to be disadvantageous that the pressure plate which is directly loaded by means of the hydraulic cylinder has inaccuracies in its longitudinal and transverse extension, since in the region without pressure loading the pressure plate "breathes" (and bends along the bending line). As a result, poor thickness tolerances are formed at the material sheet to be produced.

Particle boards or particle boards and a process for their production are known from WO 2005046950 a 1. The particle board is composed of at least three layers, wherein the outer layer is composed of a fine material and the intermediate layer is composed of a coarser material. In order to reduce the maximum size of the material, it is now provided that the panels are produced in principle with a lower material proportion, wherein a higher proportion of material should be spread only at certain locations of the panels, which material is later required for the production of the cover layer or the fastening element in order to produce the connection to the other parts. It is proposed to continuously spread a higher proportion (content) of material in the longitudinal or production direction of the press pad onto the forming belt or onto the already existing lower cover layer in order to obtain lanes (Spruen) spaced apart from one another in the production direction with a larger charge of press pad, which lanes have a greater density after the production of a sheet of uniform thickness in the length and width direction. In addition, the material can be additionally applied at a certain position, preferably in the transverse direction, like a spot, by means of at least one nozzle which can be moved transversely to the production direction. This serves to obtain a particle board from the separate panels, which has a higher density for mounting fittings or connecting devices, but uses less material and a lower density in the surface.

In the production of the preforms, a specific weight pattern is produced along the width or length of the preform, which of course can also result in different preform heights. In this case, the density (in the case of different heights) does not necessarily have to be different. However, if the green body is pressed uniformly across the width or through a pressing gap that is uniform across the width, it has a different density due to the different weight per unit area.

In addition to the problems in the production of preforms, difficulties have been shown in the pressing of preforms having different weights per unit area. It is particularly problematic that continuously operating presses with circulating steel belts are increasingly prone to steel belt deflection, since different pressures act on the steel belt along its length and width and, if possible, on the rolling support. Even worse, the support and support spacings up to now may be too strongly or weakly influenced by the density fluctuations that occur in unfavorable conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The aim of the invention is to provide a continuously operating press which makes it possible to increase the precision of the continuously operating press in the same required region. In a development of the invention, the calibration area at the outlet of the press, which is responsible for the dimensional stability of the finished product, is improved, in particular for material plates having longitudinally and/or transversely different density profiles.

The invention proceeds from a continuously operating press, which comprises the following features:

-drawing the material through two endless loops of steel belts of the press, which steel belts between them constitute a pressing gap for pressing the material,

heatable (temperature-controllable) heating plates supporting the steel strip,

-a rolling bearing support arranged between the steel strip and the heating plate,

a plurality of supports arranged transversely to the direction of rotation of the steel strip for receiving the pressing force, which is introduced directly into the heating plate by a plurality of hydraulic cylinders of each support arranged in a row (arranged in a row) for pressing and for adjusting the pressing gap,

inlet area (KV) for press ventilation (exhaust)

A press section for pressing, which can be divided into at least two different regions (HD, MD, ND) due to the embodiment of the support and/or the hydraulic working cylinder.

The solution for the task of a continuously operating press consists in that at least two supports are arranged offset from one another in a region transversely to the direction of rotation of the steel strip

And/or

In one region, the at least one working cylinder of the first support is arranged offset relative to the at least one working cylinder of the second support transversely to the production direction.

The rolling bar cycle (gyratory), among other systems, is built in this type of press as a rolling bearing support. Each zone has a plurality of (press) supports, in which a plurality of working cylinders are arranged, which introduce their force directly, mostly with insulation connected in between, into the heating plates and adjust the press gap by means of the counter-pressure (back pressure) of the material or by means of a retraction cylinder. Although the inlet region is understood in the general sense as a region, it is to be regarded as a special configuration, since it is important here that the material is discharged (ventilated) and compacted on the shortest path. However, the use of the invention is of full interest for fine tuning of the inlet area.

The continuously operating press has, as already implemented, a plurality of regions with different pressure ranges with respect to the maximum possible pressure. The high-pressure region (HD) is at the beginning of the press section, the medium-pressure region (MD) and the low-pressure region (ND) are at the end of the press section. The low-pressure region itself is the region which is decisive for the success of producing the material sheet, since there is a calibration region. The dimensional stability of the material sheet is adjusted in the calibration zone.

The press frame structure is designed and constructed according to the maximum anticipated pressure. In a conventional press, about five working cylinders are arranged along the width, which in a conventional arrangement creates the possibility of adjusting the pressing force profile in five lanes along the width.

By means of the solution according to the invention, a more differentiated arrangement of the material paths adjustable in the press frame is achieved in an advantageous manner by means of a smaller number of working cylinders.

It is particularly advantageous to produce material sheets with different densities along the length and/or width, which is a challenge for each continuously operating press.

In an advantageous manner, the different regions (HD, MD, ND) can be distinguished as follows:

differentiated structural types/configurations of the stent,

differentiated by the maximum possible force acceptance,

differences in the size or number of working cylinders supporting the spacing or support,

different spacing of the supports, and/or

Different pressure zones.

Preferably, a plurality of supports are provided in one area, and at least two hydraulic cylinders of two supports form a material passage S parallel to the direction of rotation along the direction of rotation of the steel strip.

Preferably, a material path parallel to the direction of rotation or the direction of production is formed at the working cylinder, wherein the material path is identified by at least four supports, since always two supports define the material path by corresponding arrangement of the working cylinders.

Preferably, at least three supports have alternating banks.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the same arrangement of cylinders or supports occurs repeatedly every second, third or every plurality of supports in the press.

In order to save on additional expenditure in terms of equipment technology, a fixed support can be arranged instead of the working cylinder. Preferably, a plurality of supports or their operation is arranged at predetermined intervals in a uniform manner, in particular by means of working cylinders in a line or a material path. When, for example, 10 supports are arranged, it is sufficient if, for example, the material path is doubled (in the case of 4 working cylinders along the width, the material path is 8) that only two or three active working cylinders are provided per material path and the remaining support points are provided with fixed supports. The adjustable channel can thus advantageously be enlarged with approximately the same expenditure on the pressure cylinder.

The working cylinder may be embodied as a double-acting working cylinder and/or as a single-acting working cylinder with a retraction cylinder.

In particular, it can be provided that a measuring device for the material web is arranged at the outlet of the press, which measuring device is suitable for dividing the material web along the width (over the entire width), preferably along the material path, for carrying out an analysis at the material web, and is operatively connected to a control or regulating device, which converts the measurement results into control signals for one or more supports and/or working cylinders and transmits them to them.

Due to the plurality of material channels, a narrower pressure profile along the width can now be achieved in an advantageous manner in a certain region, preferably in a calibration region (low-pressure region). It is particularly advantageous to provide this application when the density profile at the material sheet that differs along the width is adjusted by pressing a differential weight per unit area.

In a further embodiment, working cylinders of different strengths or different diameters can be arranged in a row.

Alternatively or cumulatively, working cylinders with lower or higher strength or diameter can be arranged at the at least one support, at the edge side of the heating plate.

In particular, it can be provided that at least one working cylinder having a lower strength or a smaller diameter is arranged on at least one support, which has a smaller number of identical working cylinders than the adjacent at least one support.

Drawings

Figure 1 schematically shows a press according to the invention;

fig. 2 shows the working cylinders in an enlarged schematic view; and

fig. 3 schematically shows a smaller diameter working cylinder at the longitudinal edges.

A complete depiction of a continuously operating press is omitted in the figures. The prior art already explained and on which this is based is known to the person skilled in the art.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a press 1 with two steel belts 3 circulating endlessly and a production direction 7 from left to right above. The steel strip 3 is guided in the direction of rotation 6 around a guide or rotating drum 5 in opposite directions, and between them a pressing gap is formed for pressing the material 8, and the material 8 is drawn through the press 1. The steel strip is supported by rolling bearings (not shown) on a heating plate 10 mounted in the support 2, which plate is pressurized from above by means of a working cylinder 4 in the present exemplary embodiment, wherein the working cylinder 4 is in turn supported on the support 2. In the lower plan view of fig. 1, the wedge compressor on the inlet side of the press 1 is shown. In the production direction 7, a high-pressure region HD, a medium-pressure region MD and a low-pressure region ND follow. The individual regions HD, MD and ND differ significantly from one another by the way in which the working cylinder 4 and the carrier 2 are designed. In this embodiment, the high pressure region HD has the largest working cylinder 4. The frame plate in the support frame 2 is embodied to be significantly stronger than the frame plate of the support frame 2 in the medium-voltage region or the low-voltage region ND. The detailed design of the stent is omitted, since the features for distinction between the regions can also be explained in this way well.

The size and design of the working cylinder varies from a high value to a lower value in the production direction 7. For example, the working cylinders 4 in the high-pressure region HD are also supported by means of two strong frame plates forming the support frame 2, which are made much thinner in the medium-pressure region MD, it being sufficient in the low-pressure region ND even if only one frame plate could be provided for supporting the smaller working cylinders 4. The figure also shows a side view of the continuously operating press 1 in the upper drawing.

If the low-pressure region ND is now implemented according to the invention, for example, every second support 2 of the respective working cylinder 4 is arranged offset. After the four stands, material paths S parallel to the production direction 7, which are numbered, for example, from top to bottom at S1, S2, S3, are formed by two working cylinders 4, respectively, which are located in a line. The number of holders 2 may vary depending on the press, but will obviously be more than the exemplary number of embodiments.

Also within the meaning of the invention, the supports 2 are offset in the production direction 7 and, by means of these supports, the working cylinders 4 acting on the heating plate 10 are also offset in the production direction.

The design of the invention is less limited, for example, the offset can always occur in pairs at the carrier 2; for example, two successive rows of supports remain unchanged, wherein the next two rows or at least the next row Rn +1 are offset with respect to the working cylinder 4 and/or the support 2, etc.

In various variants, the working cylinders of a channel or a row are advantageously exchanged by fixed stops, provided that each channel has at least one, preferably two, particularly preferably four active working cylinders 4 in one region.

The press 1 can be followed by a measuring device 12, in which the pressed material sheet 11 is inspected, preferably partially (in sections) along the width (over the entire width). One or more measurement results can be automatically transmitted to the control or regulating device 13 and can be adjusted (compensated) with respect to the setpoint value. The control or regulating device 13 then transmits a control or regulating signal to a remote monitor of the press 1 or directly to the working cylinders 4 and/or the stand 2.

In fig. 2, the individual regions are shown in an enlarged schematic view, wherein working cylinders 4 of different strengths or working cylinders 4 having different diameters D/D are arranged. The outer diameter is mentioned here in particular, the size of which also has a physical effect on the force flow in the press 1. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the working cylinders 4 on the outside of the heating plate 10, i.e. at the longitudinal edges of the press 1, are embodied to be smaller and therefore have a smaller diameter. This is particularly relevant if, by virtue of the offset of the working cylinders 4 relative to the adjacent support 2, the working cylinders 4 with the larger diameter D are no longer to be arranged completely flat or technically meaningful from a load flow in the row R and are therefore omitted. The embodiment shown is particularly advantageous when longitudinal edge (upward) beading of the press 1 or the heating plate 10 is avoided.

According to fig. 3, in order to expand the adjustment possibilities at the press 1 or to adjust an optimal pressure profile at the longitudinal edges (parallel to the production direction 7), in particular in the low-pressure region ND, it is proposed to arrange working cylinders 4 in a smaller embodiment, thus as smaller dimensions or with a smaller diameter d, in order to be able to optimally adjust the bending (twisting) of the heating plate 10 at the longitudinal edges.

List of reference numerals:

1, a press machine;

2, a bracket;

3, steel belt;

4, a working cylinder;

5, rotating the roller;

6, the rotation direction;

7, the production direction;

8 pressing;

9 a conveyor belt;

10 heating the plate;

11 a sheet of material;

12 a measuring device;

13 control or regulating means;

a KV inlet area;

an HD high voltage region;

an MD medium pressure region;

an ND low-voltage region;

r is row;

and S material channel.

Claims

1. A continuously operating press comprising

-drawing a material (8) through two endless circulating steel belts (3) of the press (1) which form a pressing gap between them for pressing the material (8),

-a heatable heating plate (10) supporting the steel strip (3),

-a rolling bearing support arranged between the steel strip (3) and the heating plate (10),

-a plurality of supports (2) arranged transversely to the direction of rotation (6) of the steel strip (3) for receiving a pressing force which is introduced directly into the heating plate (10) by means of a plurality of hydraulic working cylinders (4) of each of the supports arranged in a row (R) for pressing and for adjusting the pressing gap,

-an inlet area (KV) for the ventilation of the press (8),

-a press section for the pressing (8), which press section is divisible into at least two different regions (HD, MD, ND) due to the embodiment of the holder (2) and/or the hydraulic working cylinder (4),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

in the regions (HD, MD, ND), at least two supports (2) are arranged offset from one another transversely to the direction of rotation of the steel strip (3)

And/or

In one region (HD, MD, ND), the at least one hydraulic cylinder (4) of the first support is arranged offset relative to the at least one hydraulic cylinder of the second support transversely to the production direction (7).

2. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that in said areas (HD, MD, ND) at least two hydraulic working cylinders (4) of two supports (2) configure a channel (S) parallel to said direction of rotation (6) of said steel belt (3) along said direction of rotation (6).

3. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the different types of construction of the frame (2) and/or of the hydraulic working cylinder (4) are characterized by differences-the type of construction of the frame (2),

-the maximum force take-up,

-a support spacing between the supports relative to the heating plate or each other,

-the size of the hydraulic working cylinder (4),

-the number of hydraulic working cylinders (4) per carriage (2) and/or

-a region of maximum pressure.

4. Press according to claim 1, characterised in that a channel (S) is constructed, wherein said channel (S) is identified by at least 4 of said stands, in that two hydraulic cylinders, always in line, self-define the channel (S) by the arrangement of said stands (2) or said hydraulic cylinders (4).

5. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the three supports (2) have a differentiated number of hydraulic cylinders (4).

6. Press according to claim 1, characterised in that fixed supports are arranged in place of some of the hydraulic working cylinders (4).

7. Press according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the hydraulic working cylinders (4) are embodied as double-acting.

8. Press according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that at the outlet of the press (1) there is arranged a measuring device (12) for the material sheet (11), which measuring device is adapted to carry out an analysis at the material sheet (11) and is operatively connected to a control device or regulating device (13) which converts the measurement results into control signals for one or more holders (2) or hydraulic working cylinders (4) and transmits them to them.

9. Press according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that hydraulic working cylinders (4) of different strength or different diameter are arranged in a row (R).

10. Press according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that hydraulic working cylinders (4) with smaller or larger strength or diameter are arranged at least one support (2) at the edge side of the heating plates (10).

11. Press according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that hydraulic working cylinders (4) of lower strength or smaller diameter are arranged at least one carriage (2) having a smaller number of identical hydraulic working cylinders (4) than at the adjacent at least one carriage (2).

12. Press according to claim 8, characterized in that said measuring means are adapted to divide the width into lanes (S).