CN107589217A - A kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure - Google Patents
A kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107589217A CN107589217A CN201710721497.XA CN201710721497A CN107589217A CN 107589217 A CN107589217 A CN 107589217A CN 201710721497 A CN201710721497 A CN 201710721497A CN 107589217 A CN107589217 A CN 107589217A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, belong to gas concentration measurement technical field.The hydrogen gas sensor includes catalytic reactor, protection filter, reaction temperature sensing element, environment temperature sensing element, locating rod, mounting rod, supporting plate, protection outer barrel, upper face plate, lower face plate；Also include upper face plate safeguard structure, lower face plate safeguard structure, calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal and calibration gas gas outlet seal.Upper and lower card surface in the hydrogen gas sensor be provided with fusing point for 70~120 DEG C of alloy film materials as upper and lower card safeguard structure; post accident environment temperature change can quickly be sensed; and rapid melting; expose the through hole on upper and lower card surface; natural diffuseness environment is internally formed in the hydrogen gas sensor, protects hydrogen sensitive component not influenceed by gas flow field change.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, the hydrogen gas sensor is mainly used in nuclear power
Stand the measurement of concentration of hydrogen in containment vessel after major accident, belong to gas concentration measurement technical field.
Background technology
When loss of-coolant accident (LOCA) occurs for nuclear power station, fuel rod zirconium alloy cladding generates a large amount of hydrogen with water reaction under the high temperature conditions
Gas, cause concentration of hydrogen in containment vessel is horizontal to rise, hydrogen mean concentration can reach explosion limit in limited safe shell-space,
The structural intergrity of serious threat containment.Therefore, it is necessary to reliable hydrogen monitoring device is set, to assess accident condition,
Decision-making foundation is provided for Incident Management.
At present, major accident density of hydrogen measurement apparatus includes in site measurement and extracts measurement two ways out in containment；
Wherein, in site measurement is the main flow of technology development.In site measurement mode is that hydrogen gas sensor is directly arranged in containment to treat
Machine, technical principle main at present includes thermal conduction principle, electrochemical principle and catalytic hydrogen sensor, using catalysis type hydrogen
Sensor can realize passive startup, have the features such as anti-seismic performance is good, and stability is good, therefore excellent with larger technology
Gesture.
Existing nuclear power station is during the initial stage of construction and overhaul, because construction and a large amount of volatility of maintenance process generation are organic
Thing and dust, cause atmosphere composition in containment complicated, dust and volatile organic content pass through free diffusing and can enter hydrogen
In gas sensor, hydrogen gas sensor is caused to fail.At present, the protectiving scheme that catalytic hydrogen sensor is taken is to use powder smelting
Gold cover, or protection filter is formed by the inorganic material of high absorption capacity.However, during the construction of nuclear power station or overhaul, have
Poison gas atmosphere or dust can be attached to protection filter surface, and hydrogen gas sensor core component can be entered under extreme case, and
Poison hydrogen sensitive material, cause hydrogen gas sensor toggle speed to reduce and even cause hydrogen gas sensor to fail.
The content of the invention
The defects of existing for prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of hydrogen with alloy protective structure
Sensor, the hydrogen gas sensor use alloy film material as upper face plate and the safeguard structure of lower face plate；Closed by controlling
The thickness of gold thin film material, to ensure reliably to open under accident condition, and selected alloy film material does not steam with water
Gas chemically reacts, and will not improve containment flammable gas explosion risk.Under non-accident condition, the safeguard structure is in institute
State hydrogen gas sensor it is standby when, the hydrogen gas sensor can be completely cut off and contacted with environment；When major accident occurs,
The safeguard structure induced environment temperature change and can be opened quickly, the hydrogen gas sensor is devoted oneself to work rapidly, improve
The service life and reliability of the hydrogen gas sensor.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, the hydrogen gas sensor include catalytic reactor, protected
Filter device, reaction temperature sensing element, environment temperature sensing element, locating rod, mounting rod, supporting plate, protection outer barrel, upper face plate,
Lower face plate, it is characterised in that：Also include upper face plate safeguard structure, lower face plate safeguard structure, calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal and school
Quasi- gas gas outlet seal.
Wherein, catalytic reactor is the cylindrical structure of one end open, and openend carries external screw thread.
The cylindrical structure that filter is one end open is protected, openend carries internal thread, and openend internal diameter is anti-with catalysis
Device openend external diameter is answered to be engaged, the side wall for protecting filter is that the centre being made up of internal layer sidewall and outer layer side wall has space
Double-decker, the internal diameter of internal layer sidewall is more than the external diameter of catalytic reactor.
Supporting plate is circular slab, and diameter is more than the external diameter of protection filter outer layer side wall.
Protect the cylindrical structure that outer barrel is both ends open；A calibration gas is provided with close at bottom in the protection side wall of outer barrel one
Into through hole, sealed using calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal, a school is provided with close to top in protection another side wall of outer barrel
Quasi- air-flow goes out through hole, is sealed using calibration gas gas outlet seal.
The diameter of upper face plate is identical with protecting the external diameter of outer barrel, and the diameter of lower face plate is identical with protecting the internal diameter of outer barrel, on
There is equally distributed through hole on card and lower face plate, for gas diffusion.
Upper face plate safeguard structure and lower face plate safeguard structure are respectively discoid alloy film material, alloy film material
Not chemically reacted with vapor, fusing point is 70 DEG C~120 DEG C of alloy film material.
The annexation of each component is as follows in the hydrogen gas sensor：
Above protection outer barrel, the lower surface of upper face plate is fixedly connected upper face plate with the barrel top of protection outer barrel, on
The whole upper surface or lower surface lamination of card has upper face plate safeguard structure, and lower face plate is located at the bottom inside of protection outer barrel, and
It is fixedly connected on the inside of barrel with protecting outer barrel, the whole upper surface or lower surface lamination of lower face plate has lower face plate safeguard structure；
Calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal and calibrate gas gas outlet seal be separately mounted to protect outer barrel on calibration gas enter through hole and
Calibration air-flow goes out in through hole.
Catalytic reactor set loads inside protection filter, the openend of catalytic reactor and opening for protection filter
Mouth end upward and is connected through a screw thread, and gap is left between the bottom of catalytic reactor and the bottom for protecting filter, is prevented
Protect between the internal layer sidewall of filter and the side wall of catalytic reactor and leave space, catalytic reactor and protection filter structure
Into hydrogen sensitive component；Supporting plate is located at below hydrogen sensitive component, with protecting the bottom of filter to be fixedly connected；Hydrogen sensitive
Component is fixed in protection outer barrel by mounting rod, and the top of mounting rod is fixedly connected with upper face plate, and bottom is fixed with supporting plate to be connected
Connect, more than two mounting rods are uniformly distributed in the outside of hydrogen sensitive component；Environment temperature sensing element is stretched through upper face plate
Enter to protect in outer barrel, space is left between bottom and the bottom for protecting outer barrel, upper end passes through cutting ferrule outside protection outer barrel
It is fixedly connected with upper face plate；The upper end of locating rod is fixedly connected with upper face plate, and lower end is relative with the opening center of catalytic reactor,
Reaction temperature sensing element is stretched into protection outer barrel through upper face plate, and is positioned by locating rod, and catalytic reactor is stretched into lower end
It is interior, and space is left between the bottom of catalytic reactor, upper end is consolidated outside protection outer barrel by cutting ferrule and upper face plate
Fixed connection.
It is preferred that the hydrogen gas sensor also includes hanging support, vertical welding support and anti-leaching cover, wherein, hanging support one
End is fixedly connected with protection outer barrel, and the other end is fixedly connected with vertical welding support, forms one group of supporting construction, more than two
Supporting construction is uniformly distributed in the outside of the protection outer barrel；Anti- leaching cover diameter is more than upper face plate diameter, and consolidates with protection outer barrel
Fixed connection.
The external diameter of preferred catalytic reactor is 10mm~50mm, and thickness is 0.5mm~2mm, is highly 40mm~90mm；Urge
The opening inside diameter for changing reactor is 1mm~8mm.
It is preferred that the height of protection filter is 80mm~120mm, outer layer side wall external diameter is 60mm~100mm, outer layer side
Wall, internal layer sidewall and the gross thickness of outer layer side wall and internal layer sidewall intermediate gaps are 5mm~20mm, outer layer side wall and internal layer sidewall
Intermediate gaps are 3mm~8mm.
Preferable reaction temperature sensing element is thermoelectricity occasionally RTD class temperature element, a diameter of 2mm~6mm, is stretched into anti-
The depth protected in outer barrel is 160mm~200mm；For measuring the reaction temperature of oxyhydroxide reaction.
Preferred ambient temperature-sensing element (device) is thermoelectricity occasionally RTD class temperature element, a diameter of 2mm~6mm, is stretched into anti-
The depth protected in outer barrel is 260mm~320mm；For measuring the environment temperature in npp safety shell.
A diameter of 6mm~8mm of preferred orientation bar, thickness are 1mm~2mm, and length is 110mm~130mm.
It is preferred that a diameter of 4mm~8mm of mounting rod, length is 250mm~280mm.
It is preferred that a diameter of 100mm~150mm of supporting plate, thickness is 3mm~8mm.
It is preferred that the external diameter of protection outer barrel is 160mm~200mm, thickness is 2mm~5mm；Highly it is 300mm~500mm.
It is preferred that a diameter of 160mm~200mm of upper face plate, thickness is 3mm~6mm, and through-hole diameter is 4mm~8mm thereon.
It is preferred that a diameter of 160mm~190mm of lower face plate, thickness is 2mm~5mm, and through-hole diameter is 4mm~8mm thereon.
It is preferred that the thickness of upper face plate safeguard structure is 0.1mm~1mm, the use of material is a kind of by bismuth, tin, lead, cadmium and indium
The alloy material of above element composition.
It is preferred that the thickness of lower face plate safeguard structure is 0.1mm~1mm, the use of material is a kind of by bismuth, tin, lead, cadmium and indium
The alloy material of above element composition.
Catalyst is housed, the catalyst can make hydrogen and oxygen react at normal temperatures in catalytic reactor
Catalyst.
Filler is housed, the filler is spherical A1 between the internal layer sidewall and outer layer side wall of protection filter2O3
And/or spherical SiO2。
It is preferred that except reaction temperature sensing element, environment temperature sensing element, upper face plate protection knot in the hydrogen gas sensor
Outside structure and lower face plate safeguard structure, the material of all parts is stainless steel or metal oxide；Wherein, catalytic reactor uses
Stainless steel cloth, protection filter using the mesh of 30 mesh~100 stainless steel cloth；Reaction temperature sensing element and environment temperature
Sensing element uses stainless steel casing.
The upper end of preferable reaction temperature sensing element and environment temperature sensing element passes through welding by cutting ferrule and upper face plate
Or the connection that is screwed.
Calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal and calibration gas gas outlet seal include but is not limited to threaded Stainless steel rod.
It is preferred that anti-leaching cover is disk-shaped structure, surface annular array bar-like support.
The hydrogen gas sensor is filled using wall or ground dress mode is arranged in water evaporimeter compartment or top in containment,
It is connected by armored cable with reaction temperature sensing element and environment temperature sensing element with the electrical penetration in containment, will
Environment temperature and reaction temperature signal are transmitted to electrical penetration in containment, will electrically be passed through by compensating cable outside containment
Part is worn with the programmable logic controller (PLC) (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC) in signal transacting rack to connect
Connect, signal transacting rack is arranged at electrical building, and display is additionally provided with signal transacting rack and shows density of hydrogen.
A kind of monitoring method of the hydrogen gas sensor of the present invention with alloy protective structure, methods described step is such as
Under：
1) when major accident occurs, environment temperature rises rapidly in containment, the hydrogen gas sensor surface temperature with
Rise, the surface temperature of alloy film material rises to fusing used by upper face plate safeguard structure and lower face plate safeguard structure
After temperature, upper face plate safeguard structure and lower face plate safeguard structure are melted down, and the through hole on upper face plate and lower face plate exposes；
2) hydrogen and air Mixture ladder are entered inside hydrogen gas sensor by free diffusing mode in containment, and are expanded
It is dissipated to Sensor core region --- catalytic reactor；
3) hydrogen and oxygen adsorb in catalyst surface, and further carry out chemical reaction and form water, and discharge heat
Amount, the hydrogen gas sensor temperature rise；
4) monitoring of environmental temperature and reaction temperature are distinguished by environment temperature sensing element and reaction temperature sensing element, rung
Induction signal passes sequentially through armored cable, electrical penetration, compensating wire and is delivered to signal transacting rack；
5) PLC in signal transacting rack obtains ambient temperature signal and reaction temperature signal by signal acquisition module,
Arithmetic unit in PLC will obtain the temperature rise value of catalytic reaction by the mathematic interpolation between this environment temperature and reaction temperature, enter
One step can calculate the volumetric concentration of hydrogen by formula (1).
C(H2)=K × (T1-T2) (1)
Wherein, C (H2) it is density of hydrogen, unit %；K is experimental summary design factor, and K values are 0.04；T1For environment temperature
Degree, unit are DEG C；T2For reaction temperature, unit is DEG C.
Operation principle
When reactor core loss of-coolant accident (LOCA) occurs in nuclear power plant containment shell, residual heat of nuclear core can not export and cause environment in containment
Temperature is risen overally, and upper face plate safeguard structure and lower face plate safeguard structure are used in more than hydrogen gas sensor of the present invention
Alloy film material fusing point after, the safeguard structure melt down make the hydrogen gas sensor internal environment with it is big in containment
Compression ring border communicates.
When the explosive mixed gas containing hydrogen occurs, the catalytic reactor in the hydrogen gas sensor starts to start
Combination reaction occurs for operation, hydrogen and oxygen, releases heat so that catalytic reactor temperature raises, and at this moment reaction temperature is sensitive
Element can measure the temperature of catalytic reactor, and environment temperature sensing element can measure the environment temperature in npp safety shell
Degree, containment electrical penetration is transmitted a signal to by armored cable, and passed through successively outside electrical penetration and containment
Compensating wire transmits a signal to signal transacting rack, and PLC signal acquisition modules are sensitive by collecting temperature in signal transacting rack
Element signal, the arithmetic unit in PLC will obtain the temperature rise value of catalytic reaction by the mathematic interpolation between the two temperature, enter one
Step can calculate the volumetric concentration of hydrogen by formula (1).
C(H2)=K × (T1-T2) (1)
Wherein, C (H2) it is density of hydrogen, unit %；K is experimental summary design factor, and K values are 0.04；T1For environment temperature
Degree, unit are DEG C；T2For reaction temperature, unit is DEG C.
During nuclear power station overhaul, can by be arranged at protection outer barrel on calibration gas enter through hole and calibration air-flow go out it is logical
Hole carries out calibration to the hydrogen gas sensor.
Beneficial effect
1. the invention provides a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, dress is provided with the hydrogen gas sensor
There is the catalytic reactor of noble metal catalyst, have the characteristics that normal temperature startup ability is strong, stability is high, without externally fed, increase
Overall security, reliability are added, due to burning and exploding caused by power supply or heating process when avoiding density of hydrogen higher, really
Protect the stabilization and safety of the hydrogen gas sensor in use；
2. the invention provides a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, it is provided with the hydrogen gas sensor
Filter is protected, can effectively limit hydrogen diffusivity rates, ensureing will not be to high around in the hydrogen gas sensor course of work
Concentration Hydrogen Ignition, trigger hydrogen detonation or blast；Also have to the aerosol in containment mixed gas, particulate matter and stop effect
Should；
4. the invention provides a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, the upper flower in the hydrogen gas sensor
Plate and lower face plate surface are provided with fusing point and prevented for 70 DEG C~120 DEG C alloy film materials as upper face plate safeguard structure and lower face plate
Protection structure, it can quickly sense post accident environment temperature change, and rapid melting, expose on upper face plate and lower face plate surface
Through hole, natural diffuseness environment is internally formed in the hydrogen gas sensor, protects hydrogen sensitive component not by gas flow field change
Influence；
5. the invention provides a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, the upper flower in the hydrogen gas sensor
Plate safeguard structure and lower face plate safeguard structure can be kept during the construction of nuclear power station and overhaul inside the hydrogen gas sensor with
Atmospheric environment is isolated in containment, and dust and other volatile organic matters can be avoided to enter the hydrogen gas sensor, improved
The service life and reliability of the hydrogen gas sensor；
6. the invention provides a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, outside the protection of the hydrogen gas sensor
The mechanism for the hydrogen gas sensor calibration during overhaul is provided with cylinder, quickly can open and block；
7. the invention provides a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, reaction is removed in the hydrogen gas sensor
Outside temperature-sensing element (device), environment temperature sensing element, upper face plate safeguard structure and lower face plate safeguard structure, the material of all parts
Can be stainless steel or metal oxide, high temperature resistant, high pressure, irradiation ability are strong, and reliability is high；
8. the invention provides a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, each group in the hydrogen gas sensor
The size of part is adjustable so that the range of the hydrogen gas sensor is adjustable, thus is adapted to the measurement of different hydrogen concentration；
9. the invention provides a kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, the hydrogen gas sensor can be provided with anti-
Leaching cover, because nuclear power plant has spray system under accident conditions, anti-leaching cover can make the hydrogen gas sensor from being sprayed,
It is able to ensure that the normal measurement of the hydrogen gas sensor uses.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the profile of hydrogen gas sensor described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the top view of the lower face plate of hydrogen gas sensor described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the lower face plate of hydrogen gas sensor and the profile of lower face plate safeguard structure described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is hydrogen gas sensor experimental test result described in embodiment 1.
Wherein, 1-catalytic reactor, 2-protection filter, 3-reaction temperature sensing element, 4-environment temperature are quick
Sensing unit, 5-locating rod, 6-mounting rod, 7-supporting plate, 8-protection outer barrel, 9-upper face plate, 10-lower face plate, 11-above spend
Plate safeguard structure, 12-lower face plate safeguard structure, 13-calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal, 14-calibration gas gas outlet seal,
15-hanging support, 16-vertical weld are supported, and 17-anti-drench is covered
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is made to describe in detail into a ground, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, as shown in figure 1, the hydrogen gas sensor includes catalytic reaction
Device 1, protection filter 2, reaction temperature sensing element 3, environment temperature sensing element 4, locating rod 5, mounting rod 6, supporting plate 7,
Protect outer barrel 8, upper face plate 9, lower face plate 10, upper face plate safeguard structure 11, lower face plate safeguard structure 12, the air inlet sealing of calibration gas
Part 13 and calibration gas gas outlet seal 14.
Wherein, catalytic reactor 1 is the cylindrical structure of one end open, and openend carries external screw thread.The external diameter of catalytic reactor 1
It is highly 40mm for 10mm, thickness 0.5mm；The opening inside diameter of catalytic reactor 1 is 1mm.It is equipped with and urges in catalytic reactor 1
Agent, the catalyst are that can make the catalyst that hydrogen and oxygen react at normal temperatures；The catalyst is catalyst A
Or catalyst B.Catalyst A is with Al2O3As carrier, Co, Au and Pt are the catalyst of active component, with total matter of catalyst
Measure and be followed successively by 6.4%, 0.45% and 0.35% respectively for 100% meter, Co, Au and Pt mass fraction.Catalyst B is with Al2O3
As carrier, Pt, Pd and Rh are the catalyst of active component, are counted using the gross mass of catalyst as 100%, Pt, Pd and Rh matter
Amount fraction is followed successively by 0.3%, 0.7% and 0.3% respectively.
The cylindrical structure that filter 2 is one end open is protected, openend carries internal thread, and openend internal diameter is anti-with catalysis
The openend external diameter of device 1 is answered to be engaged, the side wall of protection filter 2 is that the centre being made up of internal layer sidewall and outer layer side wall is had time
The double-decker of gap.The protection height of filter 2 be 80mm, and outer layer side wall external diameter is 60mm, outer layer side wall, internal layer sidewall and outside
The gross thickness of layer side wall and internal layer sidewall intermediate gaps is 5mm, and outer layer side wall and internal layer sidewall intermediate gaps are 3mm.Protection is protected
Protect between the internal layer sidewall of filter and outer layer side wall and filler is housed, the filler is spherical A12O3And/or spherical SiO2。
Reaction temperature sensing element 3 is K-type thermocouple, and a diameter of 2mm, the depth stretched into protection outer barrel 8 is 160mm,
For measuring the temperature of oxyhydroxide reaction.
Environment temperature sensing element 4 is K-type thermocouple, and a diameter of 2mm, the depth stretched into protection outer barrel 8 is 260mm,
For measuring the environment temperature in npp safety shell.
A diameter of 6mm of locating rod 5, thickness 1mm, length 110mm.
A diameter of 4mm of mounting rod 6, length 250mm.
Supporting plate 7 is circular slab, a diameter of 100mm, thickness 3mm.
Protect the cylindrical structure that outer barrel 8 is both ends open；A calibration is provided with close at bottom in the protection side wall of outer barrel 8 one
Gas enters through hole, is sealed using calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal 13, and one is provided with close to top in protection 8 another side wall of outer barrel
Individual calibration air-flow goes out through hole, is sealed using calibration gas gas outlet seal 14.It is 160mm to protect the external diameter of outer barrel 8, and thickness is
2mm；Highly it is 300mm, calibration gas in protection outer barrel 8 surface enters through hole and calibrates a diameter of 4mm that air-flow goes out through hole.Calibrate gas
Air inlet mouthful seal 13 and calibration gas gas outlet seal 14 are threaded Stainless steel rod.
The diameter of upper face plate 9 is identical with protecting the external diameter of outer barrel 8, the diameter of lower face plate 10 and the internal diameter phase for protecting outer barrel 8
Together, there is equally distributed through hole on upper face plate 9 and lower face plate 10, for gas diffusion, as shown in Fig. 2 upper face plate 9 is a diameter of
160mm, thickness 3mm, wherein equally distributed through-hole diameter is 4mm；Lower face plate 10 a diameter of 160mm, thickness 2mm, its
In equally distributed through-hole diameter be 4mm.
The thickness of upper face plate safeguard structure 11 is 0.5mm, the use of material is discoid SnPbBi thin-film materials, wherein,
Mass fraction containing tin, lead and bismuth respectively is 25.8%, 14.8% and 59.4%, and fusing point is 95 DEG C.
The thickness 0.5mm of lower face plate safeguard structure 12, the use of material is discoid SnPbBi thin-film materials, wherein, contain
The mass fraction for having tin, lead and bismuth respectively is 25.8%, 14.8% and 59.4%, and fusing point is 95 DEG C.
Except reaction temperature sensing element 3, environment temperature sensing element 4, upper face plate protection knot in the hydrogen gas sensor
Outside structure 11 and lower face plate safeguard structure 12, the material of all parts is stainless steel；Wherein, catalytic reactor 1 uses stainless steel
Silk screen, protection filter 2 using the stainless steel cloth of 30 mesh, adopt by reaction temperature sensing element 3 and environment temperature sensing element 4
Use stainless steel casing.
The annexation of each component is as follows in the hydrogen gas sensor：
Upper face plate 9 is welded on one positioned at the top of protection outer barrel 8, the lower surface and the barrel top of protection outer barrel 8 of upper face plate 9
Rise, the whole upper surface or lower surface lamination of upper face plate 9 has upper face plate safeguard structure 11, and lower face plate 10 is positioned at protection outer barrel 8
Bottom inside, and weld together with protecting on the inside of the barrel of outer barrel 8, the whole upper surface or lower surface lamination of lower face plate 10 has
Lower face plate safeguard structure 12, as shown in Figure 3；Calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal 13 and calibration gas gas outlet seal 14 are installed respectively
Calibration gas on protection outer barrel 8 enters through hole and calibration air-flow goes out in through hole.
1 set of catalytic reactor loads inside protection filter 2, openend and the protection filter 2 of catalytic reactor 1
Openend upward and be connected through a screw thread, between being left between the bottom of catalytic reactor 1 and the bottom for protecting filter 2
Gap, protect between the internal layer sidewall of filter 2 and the side wall of catalytic reactor 1 and leave space, catalytic reactor 1 and protected
Filter device 2 and form hydrogen sensitive component；Supporting plate 7 is located at below hydrogen sensitive component, and the bottom with protecting filter 2, which is fixed, to be connected
Connect；Hydrogen sensitive component is fixed in protection outer barrel 8 by mounting rod 6, and top and the upper face plate 9 of mounting rod 6 weld together,
Bottom is fixedly connected with supporting plate 7, and the mounting rod 6 of three is uniformly distributed in the outside of hydrogen sensitive component；The sensitive member of environment temperature
Part 4 is stretched into protection outer barrel 8 through upper face plate 9, space is left between bottom and the bottom for protecting outer barrel 8, upper end is positioned at protection
Outside outer barrel 8, and it is threadedly coupled by cutting ferrule with upper face plate 9；The upper end of locating rod 5 is fixedly connected with upper face plate 9, and lower end is with urging
It is relative to change the opening center of reactor 1, reaction temperature sensing element 3 is stretched into protection outer barrel 8 through upper face plate 9, and by fixed
Position bar 5 is positioned, and lower end is stretched into catalytic reactor 1, and space is left between the bottom of catalytic reactor 1, and upper end is positioned at anti-
Protect outside outer barrel 8, and be threadedly coupled by cutting ferrule with upper face plate 9.
The hydrogen gas sensor also includes two hanging supports 15, two vertical welding supports 16 and an anti-leaching cover 17,
Wherein, the one end of hanging support 15 is fixedly connected with protection outer barrel 8, and the other end is fixedly connected with vertical welding support 16, forms one
Group supporting construction, two groups of supporting construction are uniformly distributed in the outside of the protection outer barrel 8；17 diameters of anti-leaching cover are more than upper face plate
9 diameters, and be fixedly connected with protection outer barrel 8.Anti- leaching cover 17 is disk-shaped structure, surface annular array bar-like support.
The monitoring method of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure described in a kind of the present embodiment, methods described step is such as
Under：
1) when major accident occurs, environment temperature rises rapidly in containment, the hydrogen gas sensor surface temperature with
Rise, the surface temperature of alloy film material rises to used by upper face plate safeguard structure 11 and lower face plate safeguard structure 12
After fusion temperature, upper face plate safeguard structure 11 and lower face plate safeguard structure 12 are melted down, the through hole on upper face plate 9 and lower face plate 10
Expose；
2) hydrogen and air Mixture ladder are entered inside hydrogen gas sensor by free diffusing mode in containment, and are expanded
It is dissipated to the hydrogen gas sensor nucleus --- catalytic reactor 1；
3) hydrogen and oxygen adsorb in catalyst surface, and further carry out chemical reaction and form water, and discharge heat
Amount, the hydrogen gas sensor temperature rise；
4) monitoring of environmental temperature and reaction temperature are distinguished by environment temperature sensing element 4 and reaction temperature sensing element 3,
Response signal passes sequentially through armored cable, electrical penetration, compensating wire and is delivered to signal transacting rack；
5) PLC in signal transacting rack obtains ambient temperature signal and reaction temperature signal by signal acquisition module,
Arithmetic unit in PLC will obtain the temperature rise value of catalytic reaction by the mathematic interpolation between this environment temperature and reaction temperature, enter
One step can calculate the volumetric concentration of hydrogen by formula (1).
C(H2)=K × (T1-T2) (1)
Wherein, C (H2) it is density of hydrogen, unit %；K is experimental summary design factor, and K values are 0.04；T1For environment temperature
Degree, unit are DEG C；T2For reaction temperature, unit is DEG C.
It is as follows that test experiments are made to hydrogen gas sensor described in the present embodiment：
Various concentrations hydrogen air is prepared using SIERRA companies of U.S. gas mass flow gauge Smart Trak 100 to mix
Close gas；Monitored by Hangzhou Mei Kong Autotek S. r. l. recording instrument without paper RX6008DC and obtain reaction temperature sensing element
3 with the response of environment temperature sensing element 4, and show or be uploaded to computer record；Using Origin8.0 software data processings
And draw.
Result of the test data are as shown in Figure 4, it can be seen that：As density of hydrogen gradually steps up, reaction temperature gradually increases,
And environment temperature is constant, meanwhile, concentration design factor also keeps constant or change can be ignored.Density of hydrogen can be by with lower section
Method is calculated：
C(H2)=K × (T1-T2)
Wherein, C (H2) it is density of hydrogen, unit %；K is experimental summary design factor, and K values are 0.04；T1For environment temperature
Degree, unit are DEG C；T2For reaction temperature, unit is DEG C.
The present invention include but is not limited to above example, it is every carried out under the principle of spirit of the present invention it is any equivalent
Replacement or local improvement, all will be regarded as within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure, it is characterised in that：The hydrogen gas sensor includes catalytic reaction Device (1), protection filter (2), reaction temperature sensing element (3), environment temperature sensing element (4), locating rod (5), installation Bar (6), supporting plate (7), protection outer barrel (8), upper face plate (9), lower face plate (10)；Also include upper face plate safeguard structure (11), lower flower Plate safeguard structure (12), calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal (13) and calibration gas gas outlet seal (14)；Catalytic reactor (1) is the cylindrical structure of one end open, and openend carries external screw thread；The cylindrical structure that filter (2) is one end open is protected, openend carries internal thread, openend internal diameter and catalytic reaction Device (1) openend external diameter is engaged, and the side wall of protection filter (2) is that the centre being made up of internal layer sidewall and outer layer side wall has The double-decker in space, the internal diameter of internal layer sidewall are more than the external diameter of catalytic reactor (1)；Supporting plate (7) is circular slab, and diameter is more than the external diameter of protection filter (2) outer layer side wall；Protect the cylindrical structure that outer barrel (8) is both ends open；A calibration is provided with close at bottom in the protection side wall of outer barrel (8) one Gas enters through hole, is sealed using calibration gas air inlet mouthful seal (13), is set in protection outer barrel (8) another side wall close to top There is a calibration air-flow to go out through hole, sealed using calibration gas gas outlet seal (14)；The diameter of upper face plate (9) is identical with the external diameter of protection outer barrel (8), and the diameter of lower face plate (10) is with protecting the interior of outer barrel (8) Footpath is identical, has equally distributed through hole on upper face plate (9) and lower face plate (10)；Upper face plate safeguard structure (11) and lower face plate safeguard structure (12) are each independently discoid alloy film material, alloy For thin-film material not chemically reacted with vapor, fusing point is 70 DEG C~120 DEG C of alloy film material；Upper face plate (9) above protection outer barrel (8), fix by the lower surface and the barrel top of protection outer barrel (8) of upper face plate (9) Connection, the whole upper surface or lower surface lamination of upper face plate (9) have upper face plate safeguard structure (11), and lower face plate (10) is positioned at protection The bottom inside of outer barrel (8), and with protection outer barrel (8) barrel on the inside of be fixedly connected, the whole upper surface of lower face plate (10) or Lower surface lamination has lower face plate safeguard structure (12)；Calibrate gas air inlet mouthful seal (13) and calibration gas gas outlet seal (14) The calibration gas for being separately mounted to protect on outer barrel (8) enters through hole and calibration air-flow goes out in through hole；Catalytic reactor (1) set loads protection filter (2) inside, openend and the protection filtering dress of catalytic reactor (1) Put the openend of (2) and upward and be connected through a screw thread, the bottom and the bottom of protection filter (2) of catalytic reactor (1) Between leave gap, leave space between the internal layer sidewall of protection filter (2) and the side wall of catalytic reactor (1), catalysis Reactor (1) and protection filter (2) form hydrogen sensitive component；Supporting plate (7) is located at below hydrogen sensitive component, with protection The bottom of filter (2) is fixedly connected；Hydrogen sensitive component is fixed in protection outer barrel (8) by mounting rod (6), mounting rod (6) top is fixedly connected with upper face plate (9), and bottom is fixedly connected with supporting plate (7), and more than two mounting rods (6) are uniformly divided It is distributed in the outside of hydrogen sensitive component；Environment temperature sensing element (4) is stretched into protection outer barrel (8) through upper face plate (9), bottom Space is left between the bottom of protection outer barrel (8), upper end is outside positioned at protection outer barrel (8), and passes through cutting ferrule and upper face plate (9) It is fixedly connected；The upper end of locating rod (5) is fixedly connected with upper face plate (9), lower end and the opening center phase of catalytic reactor (1) Right, reaction temperature sensing element (3) is stretched into protection outer barrel (8) through upper face plate (9), and is positioned by locating rod (5), lower end Stretch into catalytic reactor (1), and space is left between the bottom of catalytic reactor (1), upper end is located at protection outer barrel (8) outside Portion, and be fixedly connected by cutting ferrule with upper face plate (9).
- A kind of 2. hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Upper face plate (9) and lower face plate (10) is independently the alloy material being made up of bismuth, tin, lead, cadmium and indium more than one elements using material.
- A kind of 3. hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Catalytic reaction The external diameter of device (1) is 10mm~50mm, and thickness is 0.5mm~2mm, is highly 40mm~90mm, the opening of catalytic reactor (1) Internal diameter is 1mm~8mm；The height of protection filter (2) is 80mm~120mm, and outer layer side wall external diameter is 60mm~100mm, outer layer side wall, interior Layer side wall and the gross thickness of outer layer side wall and internal layer sidewall intermediate gaps are 5mm~20mm, among outer layer side wall and internal layer sidewall Space is 3mm~8mm；A diameter of 6mm~8mm of locating rod (5), thickness are 1mm~2mm, and length is 110mm~130mm；A diameter of 4mm~8mm of mounting rod (6), length are 250mm~280mm；A diameter of 100mm~150mm of supporting plate (7), thickness are 3mm~8mm；The external diameter for protecting outer barrel (8) is 160mm~200mm, and thickness is 2mm~5mm, is highly 300mm~500mm；A diameter of 160mm~200mm of upper face plate (9), thickness are 3mm~6mm, and through-hole diameter is 4mm~8mm thereon；A diameter of 160mm~190mm of lower face plate (10), thickness are 2mm~5mm, and through-hole diameter is 4mm~8mm thereon；The thickness of upper face plate safeguard structure (11) is 0.1mm~1mm；The thickness of lower face plate safeguard structure (12) is 0.1mm~1mm.
- A kind of 4. hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Reaction temperature Sensing element (3) is thermoelectricity occasionally RTD class temperature element, a diameter of 2mm~6mm, stretches into the depth protected in outer barrel (8) For 160mm~200mm；Environment temperature sensing element (4) is thermoelectricity occasionally RTD class temperature element, a diameter of 2mm~6mm, stretches into protection outer barrel (8) depth in is 260mm~320mm.
- A kind of 5. hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Catalytic reaction Catalyst is housed, the catalyst is that can make the catalyst that hydrogen and oxygen react at normal temperatures in device (1)；Filler is housed, the filler is spherical A1 between the internal layer sidewall and outer layer side wall of protection filter2O3And/or Spherical SiO2。
- A kind of 6. hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hydrogen Reaction temperature sensing element (3), environment temperature sensing element (4), upper face plate safeguard structure (11) and lower face plate are removed in sensor Outside, the material of all parts is stainless steel or metal oxide to safeguard structure (12)；Wherein, catalytic reactor (1) is not using Become rusty steel wire, protection filter (2) using the mesh of 30 mesh~100 stainless steel cloth；Reaction temperature sensing element (3) and environment Temperature-sensing element (device) (4) uses stainless steel casing.
- A kind of 7. hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hydrogen Sensor also includes hanging support (15), and (17) are covered in vertical welding support (16) and anti-leaching, wherein, hanging support (15) one end and Protection outer barrel (8) be fixedly connected, the other end with it is vertical welding support (16) be fixedly connected, composition one group of supporting construction, two groups with On supporting construction be uniformly distributed in it is described protection outer barrel (8) outside；Anti- leaching cover (17) diameter is more than upper face plate (9) diameter, And it is fixedly connected with protection outer barrel (8).
- A kind of 8. hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Anti- leaching cover (17) it is disk-shaped structure, surface annular array bar-like support.
- A kind of 9. hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Catalytic reaction The external diameter of device (1) is 10mm~50mm, and thickness is 0.5mm~2mm, is highly 40mm~90mm, the opening of catalytic reactor (1) Internal diameter is 1mm~8mm；The height of protection filter (2) is 80mm~120mm, and outer layer side wall external diameter is 60mm~100mm, outer layer side wall, interior Layer side wall and the gross thickness of outer layer side wall and internal layer sidewall intermediate gaps are 5mm~20mm, among outer layer side wall and internal layer sidewall Space is 3mm~8mm；A diameter of 6mm~8mm of locating rod (5), thickness are 1mm~2mm, and length is 110mm~130mm；A diameter of 4mm~8mm of mounting rod (6), length are 250mm~280mm；A diameter of 100mm~150mm of supporting plate (7), thickness are 3mm~8mm；The external diameter for protecting outer barrel (8) is 160mm~200mm, and thickness is 2mm~5mm, is highly 300mm~500mm；A diameter of 160mm~200mm of upper face plate (9), thickness are 3mm~6mm, and through-hole diameter is 4mm~8mm thereon；A diameter of 160mm~190mm of lower face plate (10), thickness are 2mm~5mm, and through-hole diameter is 4mm~8mm thereon；The thickness of upper face plate safeguard structure (11) is 0.1mm~1mm；The thickness of lower face plate safeguard structure (12) is 0.1mm~1mm；Reaction temperature sensing element (3) is thermoelectricity occasionally RTD class temperature element, a diameter of 2mm~6mm, stretches into protection outer barrel (8) depth in is 160mm~200mm；Environment temperature sensing element (4) is thermoelectricity occasionally RTD class temperature element, a diameter of 2mm~6mm, stretches into protection outer barrel (8) depth in is 260mm~320mm；Catalyst is housed, the catalyst can make hydrogen and oxygen react at normal temperatures in catalytic reactor (1) Catalyst；Filler is housed, the filler is spherical A1 between the internal layer sidewall and outer layer side wall of protection filter2O3And/or Spherical SiO2；Except reaction temperature sensing element (3), environment temperature sensing element (4), upper face plate safeguard structure in the hydrogen gas sensor (11) and lower face plate safeguard structure (12) outside, the material of all parts is stainless steel or metal oxide；Wherein, catalytic reaction Device (1) uses stainless steel cloth, protection filter (2) using the mesh of 30 mesh~100 stainless steel cloth；The sensitive member of reaction temperature Part (3) and environment temperature sensing element (4) use stainless steel casing；The hydrogen gas sensor also includes hanging support (15), vertical welding support (16) and anti-leaching cover (17), wherein, Er Shizhi Seat (15) one end is fixedly connected with protection outer barrel (8), and the other end is fixedly connected with vertical welding support (16), forms one group of support Structure, supporting construction more than two are uniformly distributed in the outside of the protection outer barrel (8)；Anti- leaching cover (17) diameter is more than upper flower Plate (9) diameter, and be fixedly connected with protection outer barrel (8)；Anti- leaching cover (17) is disk-shaped structure, surface annular array bar-like support；The upper end of reaction temperature sensing element (3) and environment temperature sensing element (4) passes through welding by cutting ferrule and upper face plate (9) Or the connection that is screwed；Calibrate gas air inlet mouthful seal (13) and calibration gas gas outlet seal (14) includes but is not limited to band spiral shell The Stainless steel rod of line.
- 10. a kind of monitoring method of hydrogen gas sensor with alloy protective structure as described in any one of claim 1~9, It is characterized in that：The hydrogen gas sensor is arranged in water evaporimeter compartment or top in containment, will by armored cable Reaction temperature sensing element (3) and environment temperature sensing element (4) are connected with the electrical penetration in containment, outside containment Electrical penetration is connected with the PLC in signal transacting rack by compensating cable, signal transacting rack is arranged at electrical building, Display is additionally provided with signal transacting rack and shows density of hydrogen；Methods described step is as follows：1) when major accident occurs, environment temperature rises rapidly in containment, the hydrogen gas sensor surface temperature with rising, The surface temperature of alloy film material rises to used by upper face plate safeguard structure (11) and lower face plate safeguard structure (12) After fusion temperature, upper face plate safeguard structure (11) and lower face plate safeguard structure (12) are melted down, upper face plate (9) and lower face plate (10) On through hole expose；2) hydrogen and air gas mixture are entered inside hydrogen gas sensor by free diffusing mode in containment, and are diffused to Catalytic reactor (1)；3) hydrogen and oxygen adsorb in catalyst surface, and further carry out chemical reaction and form water, and discharge heat, institute State the rising of hydrogen gas sensor temperature；4) monitoring of environmental temperature and reaction temperature are distinguished by environment temperature sensing element (4) and reaction temperature sensing element (3), Response signal passes sequentially through armored cable, electrical penetration, compensating wire and is delivered to signal transacting rack；5) PLC in signal transacting rack obtains ambient temperature signal and reaction temperature signal by signal acquisition module, in PLC Arithmetic unit the temperature rise value of catalytic reaction will be obtained by the mathematic interpolation between this environment temperature and reaction temperature, further may be used To calculate the volumetric concentration of hydrogen by formula (1)：C(H2)=K × (T1-T2) (1)C(H2) it is density of hydrogen, unit %；K is experimental summary design factor, and K values are 0.04；T1For environment temperature, unit is ℃；T2For reaction temperature, unit is DEG C.
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