CN107584255B - Processing technology for punching and welding axle housing - Google Patents
Processing technology for punching and welding axle housing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107584255B CN107584255B CN201710954632.5A CN201710954632A CN107584255B CN 107584255 B CN107584255 B CN 107584255B CN 201710954632 A CN201710954632 A CN 201710954632A CN 107584255 B CN107584255 B CN 107584255B
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Abstract
The invention provides a processing technology for a punching and welding axle housing, which relates to the field of processing technology for heavy truck axle housings, and comprises the following steps: 1) casting a blank on the axle housing; 2) aligning end faces and chamfering; 3) roughly and finely turning the axle housing shaft head and the end surfaces of the excircle of each level of the flange and turning threads; 4) roughly and finely milling end faces, roughly and finely boring inner holes, drilling and tapping on the disc surface, and roughly and finely boring inner holes and end faces of all levels of through shafts; 5) grinding the excircle; 6) milling a key groove; 7) cleaning; 8) final inspection; 9) and (4) warehousing, wherein the step 4) is a horizontal machining center-based machining process. The process realizes the implementation and application of the axle housing processing integration process in the domestic complete set of processing equipment for the first time, solves the problem of optimized allocation of processing tasks in a flexible production line, improves the processing efficiency of a cluster processing system, improves and develops the flexible processing process of the heavy truck axle housing, and promotes the popularization and application of domestic high-grade numerical control machines in the production line of the heavy truck axle housing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a processing technology of a punching and welding axle housing, relates to a processing technology of a heavy truck axle housing machine, and mainly relates to a processing method of an inner hole, a disc hole and a through shaft hole of a disc surface of the heavy truck punching and welding axle housing based on a horizontal processing center.
Background
In the field of machining, particularly in the automobile manufacturing industry, the processing technical equipment of the axle of an automobile is changed greatly, particularly, the equipment for processing the heavy truck axle housing is gradually changed into a processing center and a composite cutting center from a special boring machine, a common boring machine and a numerical control lathe, and the working procedure and the production rhythm are obviously improved compared with the prior art.
The invention is a technological significant special topic of 'high-grade numerical control machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment', aims at the current situation of domestic high-grade numerical control machine tools, combines the characteristics of heavy truck axle housing processing technology, and realizes the application of various domestic high-grade numerical control machine tools in the processing of heavy truck axle housing production lines. The method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of firstly realizing the application of a domestic large-rotary-diameter double-exchange-table horizontal machining center in a heavy truck axle housing flexible production line through the practical engineering application of achievements such as a numerical control machine tool, a common technology and the like supported in a special project, solving the problems of dispersion of traditional process procedures, low related dimensional precision, large occupied area of the production line and the like, forming and summarizing a set of mature stamping and welding axle housing machining process, and popularizing and applying in the industry.
The conventional heavy truck axle housing processing technology comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of chamfering the end faces of shaft heads at two ends of an axle housing in an aligning mode, roughly and finely turning the excircle and the flange plate of the shaft housing shaft head, boring a disk face and an inner hole of the axle housing, drilling holes on the disk face, chamfering and tapping threads, milling the end face, boring all levels of holes (suitable for a middle axle) of a through shaft, grinding the excircle and the end face of the shaft head, milling a key groove, cleaning, finally checking and warehousing. The conventional axle housing processing technology has the problems of poor stability of the position degree of a disk threaded hole and a through axle hole and difficulty in precision guarantee.
In order to solve the problem, people usually configure numerical control equipment for the existing process equipment to realize automatic processing, but the problem is not completely solved after configuration.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a punching and welding axle housing processing technology based on a horizontal processing center, which integrates the procedures of boring the axle housing disc surface and inner holes, drilling chamfer angles and tapping of holes on the disc surface, milling end surfaces and boring all levels of holes of a through shaft (suitable for a middle axle) in the conventional technology into one procedure for processing, reduces the risk of secondary positioning errors of parts, solves the problem of poor stability of the position degrees of disc surface threaded holes and through shaft holes, and simultaneously realizes flexible processing of various punching and welding axle housings.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a punching and welding axle housing processing technology comprises the following steps: 1) casting a blank on the axle housing; 2) aligning end faces and chamfering; 3) roughly and finely turning the axle housing shaft head and the end surfaces of the excircle of each level of the flange and turning threads; 4) roughly and finely milling end faces, roughly and finely boring inner holes, drilling and tapping on the disc surface, and roughly and finely boring inner holes and end faces of all levels of through shafts; 5) grinding the excircle; 6) milling a key groove; 7) cleaning; 8) final inspection; 9) and (7) warehousing. And the step 4) is a processing technology based on a horizontal processing center.
The measuring system with the measuring head is installed in a tool magazine of the machine tool of the horizontal machining center, after axle housing clamping is finished, the axle housing enters a machine tool operation room along with a clamp, a machining program automatically calls the measuring head program, the measuring system is rotated to a main shaft from the tool magazine through a tool changing arm, the main shaft of the random machine tool feeds and operates the measuring head program, and data obtained by measurement are transmitted to the system for operation after the measuring head is triggered.
The axle housing includes well axle housing and rear-axle housing, well axle housing is provided with and link up the shaft hole, rear-axle housing does not have and link up the shaft hole, axle housing and rear-axle housing and transmission signal to horizontal machining center in measurement resolution are distinguished through the measurement to measurement system, and horizontal machining center processes axle housing and rear-axle housing respectively.
And a correlation photoelectric switch is arranged in the detection area of the horizontal machining center, so that the functions of detecting the breakage of the cutter and judging whether materials exist are realized.
The horizontal machining center is provided with a robot system, and the robot system is matched with a self-pressure-retaining hydraulic clamp to realize the automatic feeding and discharging function of the machining line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a punching and welding axle housing processing technology based on a horizontal processing center, which integrates all the procedures of processing an axle housing disk surface and an inner hole, drilling chamfer angles and tapping of all holes on the disk surface, milling end surfaces and boring all levels of holes of a through shaft (suitable for a middle axle) in the conventional technology into one procedure for processing, reduces the risk of secondary positioning errors of parts, solves the problem of poor stability of the positions of disk surface threaded holes and through shaft holes, and simultaneously realizes flexible processing of various punching and welding axle housings.
The process realizes the implementation and application of the axle housing processing integration process in the domestic complete set of processing equipment for the first time, solves the problem of optimized allocation of processing tasks in a flexible production line, improves the processing efficiency of a cluster processing system, improves and develops the flexible processing process of the heavy truck axle housing, and promotes the popularization and application of domestic high-grade numerical control machines in the production line of the heavy truck axle housing.
The processing technology has the characteristics of simple steps, advanced technology, compact process, strong practicability, easy realization of intelligent manufacturing and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the profile of a press-welded axle housing of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a stamped and welded axle housing of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a press-welded axle housing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a machine tool used in the process of the present invention.
The axle housing comprises an axle housing disc surface 1, an axle housing disc surface 2, a disc surface threaded hole 3, a lower spigot, a top spigot 4 and a through shaft hole 5.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Since only some of the embodiments are described below, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.
A punching and welding axle housing processing technology comprises the following steps: 1) casting a blank on the axle housing; 2) aligning end faces and chamfering; 3) roughly and finely turning the axle housing shaft head and the end surfaces of the excircle of each level of the flange and turning threads; 4) roughly and finely milling end faces, roughly and finely boring inner holes, drilling and tapping on the disc surface, and roughly and finely boring inner holes and end faces of all levels of through shafts; 5) grinding the excircle; 6) milling a key groove; 7) cleaning; 8) final inspection; 9) and (4) warehousing, wherein the step 4) is a horizontal machining center-based machining process.
Wherein, the working procedures 2) and 6) are carried out on a special machine tool, the working procedure 3) is carried out on a numerical control lathe, the working procedure 4) is carried out on a double-station horizontal machining center, and the working procedure 5) is carried out on a numerical control grinding machine.
The horizontal machining center is characterized in that a measuring system with a measuring head is installed in a machine tool magazine of the horizontal machining center, the measuring system adopts a MARPOSS radio transmission measuring head system, and system components comprise: gauge head/WRP transmitter, measuring staff, WRI receiver, swingable formula receiver support, cable, BT50 handle of a knife. The measuring system is a MARPOSS universal product and is installed in a tool magazine of a machine tool, after axle housing clamping is finished, the measuring system enters a machine tool operation room along with a clamp, the measuring head program is automatically called by the system, the measuring system is rotated to a main shaft from the tool magazine through a tool changing arm, the main shaft of the random machine tool feeds and runs the program, and after being triggered, the measuring head is transmitted to the system through radio signals to execute relevant operations.
As shown in fig. 3, the axle housing includes well axle housing and rear-axle housing, well axle housing is provided with and link up shaft hole 5, rear-axle housing does not have and link up shaft hole 5, measurement system distinguishes well axle housing and rear-axle housing and transmission signal to horizontal machining center through adopting macro program variable form, and horizontal machining center processes well axle housing and rear-axle housing respectively.
Meanwhile, the measuring system macro program is provided with an alarm unit, the measuring head records and compares the positions of the highest point A and the lowest point B of the axle housing disk surface in a macro program variable mode, the function of automatically judging the verticality error between the axle housing disk surface and the workbench is realized, and when the coordinate difference value of the two points exceeds a set value, the program alarms to stop running.
The measuring heads respectively measure two points on the outer side C, D of the axle housing flange, the measuring heads adopt a macro program variable form for recording and take the average value of the two points as an axis center, and the center coordinate value is automatically led into the processing program of the horizontal processing center so as to ensure the accuracy of the axle housing position and realize accurate processing.
And a correlation photoelectric switch is arranged in a monitoring area of the machine tool, so that the functions of detecting the breakage of the cutter and judging whether the material exists or not are realized.
The machining process uses a self-pressure-maintaining hydraulic clamp.
The horizontal machining center is provided with a robot system, and the robot system is matched with a self-pressure-retaining hydraulic clamp to realize the automatic feeding and discharging function of the machining line.
The positioning and clamping manner and the hydraulic operation in step 4) of the process will be further described below.
The heavy truck impulse welding axle housing is positioned in a V shape by the excircle of the shaft head flange (as shown in figure 3), the length direction is positioned by the outer side surface of the shaft head flange (as shown in figure 1), and the angular positioning of a workpiece is realized by leveling the disk surface; the clamp adopts flange plates at two ends of the axle housing to compress (as shown in figure 3), four-point auxiliary support in the direction of the rear cover of the axle housing (as shown in figure 2), and four-point auxiliary compression of the circumferential outer contour (two auxiliary support cylinders and two single acting cylinders are arranged in opposite directions) (as shown in figure 1).
When the axle housing disc surface and each hole are processed, the axle housing disc surface is vertical to the workbench and faces the main shaft; when the through shaft hole (only the middle bridge) is machined, the workbench rotates 180 degrees to complete the machining of all the contents.
The feeding action of the self-pressure-retaining hydraulic clamp mainly comprises the following steps: the quick-plug oil way of the exchange platform is communicated; feeding the robot into a clamp; low-pressure pre-tightening of a clamping cylinder; side jacking oil cylinder pushing (workpiece alignment); the compressing cylinder is used for high-pressure clamping; the auxiliary supporting cylinder and the single-acting cylinder support and clamp; completing clamping; returning the quick-insertion oil way; the exchange platform enters a machine tool workbench; and (5) processing the workpiece.
The blanking action of the self-pressure-retaining hydraulic clamp mainly comprises the following steps: the workbench returns to the exchange; the quick-plug oil way of the workbench is communicated; loosening the clamping cylinder; the side jacking oil cylinder retreats; and the robot takes out the axle housing from the clamp.
The above describes the machining method of the process of the present invention and the hydraulic action of the tooling fixture.
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make modifications and improvements according to the needs without departing from the scope of the present invention, such as: the processing steps of the axle housing process based on the horizontal processing center are sequentially changed, the hydraulic action sequence of the clamp is changed, and the like.
The axle housing process based on the horizontal machining center has the innovation points that the implementation and application of the axle housing machining integration process in the domestic complete set of machining equipment are realized for the first time, the problem of optimized distribution of machining tasks in a flexible production line is solved, the machining efficiency of a cluster machining system is improved, the flexible machining process of a heavy truck axle housing is improved and developed, and the popularization and application of a domestic high-grade numerical control machine tool in the heavy truck axle housing production line are promoted.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention in any way, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A punching and welding axle housing processing technology comprises the following steps:
1) casting a blank on the axle housing;
2) aligning end faces and chamfering;
3) roughly and finely turning the axle housing shaft head and the end surfaces of the excircle of each level of the flange and turning threads;
4) roughly and finely milling end faces, roughly and finely boring inner holes, drilling and tapping on the disc surface, and roughly and finely boring inner holes and end faces of all levels of through shafts;
5) grinding the excircle;
6) milling a key groove;
7) cleaning;
8) final inspection;
9) warehousing;
the working procedure 4) is a processing technology based on a horizontal processing center; the working procedures 2) and 6) are carried out on a special machine tool, the working procedure 3) is carried out on a numerical control lathe, the working procedure 4) is carried out on a double-station horizontal machining center, and the working procedure 5) is carried out on a numerical control grinding machine.
2. The process for machining a press-welded axle housing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: install the measurement system who has the gauge head in horizontal machining center's the lathe tool magazine, the axle housing includes well axle housing and rear-axle housing, well axle housing is provided with and link up shaft hole (5), rear-axle housing does not have and link up shaft hole (5), measurement system distinguishes well axle housing and rear-axle housing and transmission signal to horizontal machining center through measuring, and horizontal machining center processes well axle housing and rear-axle housing respectively.
3. The process for machining a press-welded axle housing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: after the axle housing is clamped, the axle housing enters a machine tool operation room along with a clamp, a machining program automatically calls a measuring head program, a measuring system is rotated to a main shaft through a tool changing arm from a tool magazine, the main shaft of the machine tool feeds and operates the measuring head program, and a measuring head transmits measured data to the system for operation after being triggered.
4. The process for machining a press-welded axle housing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: required location clamping means includes that axle housing spindle nose ring flange excircle adopts V type location in process 4), and the length direction of axle housing uses spindle nose ring flange lateral surface location, and the quotation is made level, and anchor clamps adopt axle housing both ends ring flange to compress tightly, and the four-point auxiliary stay of axle housing rear cover direction, the four-point auxiliary stay of circumference outline compresses tightly.
5. The process for machining a press-welded axle housing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and in the step 4), when the axle housing disk surface and each hole are machined, the axle housing disk surface is perpendicular to the workbench and faces the main shaft, and when the through shaft hole is machined, the workbench rotates 180 degrees for machining.
6. The process for machining a press-welded axle housing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the step 4), a correlation photoelectric switch is arranged in the detection area of the horizontal machining center.
7. The process for machining a press-welded axle housing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: and in the step 4), the horizontal machining center is provided with a robot system, and the robot system is matched with a self-pressure-retaining hydraulic clamp to realize the automatic feeding and discharging function of the machining line.
8. The process for machining a press-welded axle housing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feeding action of the self-pressure-maintaining hydraulic clamp of the horizontal machining center in the working procedure 4) mainly comprises the following steps: the quick-plug oil way of the exchange platform is communicated; feeding the robot into a clamp; low-pressure pre-tightening of a clamping cylinder; side jacking oil cylinder pushing; the compressing cylinder is used for high-pressure clamping; the auxiliary supporting cylinder and the single-acting cylinder support and clamp; completing clamping; returning the quick-insertion oil way; the exchange platform enters a machine tool workbench; and (5) processing the workpiece.
9. The process for machining a stamped and welded axle housing of claim 8, wherein: the blanking action of the self-pressure-retaining hydraulic clamp mainly comprises the following steps: the workbench returns to the exchange; the quick-plug oil way of the workbench is communicated; loosening the clamping cylinder; the side jacking oil cylinder retreats; and the robot takes out the axle housing from the clamp.
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| CN201710954632.5A CN107584255B (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | Processing technology for punching and welding axle housing |
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| CN201710954632.5A CN107584255B (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | Processing technology for punching and welding axle housing |
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| CN107584255B true CN107584255B (en) | 2020-05-01 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109514187A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-03-26 | 浙江捷汽车零部件有限公司 | FE-3HP type battery box cover processing technology |
| CN110280979B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-09-18 | 山东大学 | Machining process and machining line for axle housing middle section of heavy truck axle |
| CN111412273B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2023-05-16 | 株洲齿轮有限责任公司 | Transmission shell oil duct distribution method and transmission shell processing method |
| CN112643296B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-09-20 | 太原重工轨道交通设备有限公司 | Manufacturing method for forge welding shaft bridge |
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| CN202264071U (en) * | 2011-10-22 | 2012-06-06 | 东风德纳车桥有限公司 | Integral machining system for stamped and welded axle housings |
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Effective date of registration: 20230109 Address after: Xidun Qiu 1st, 2nd, 3rd and Xujia Village, Suncun Town, High-tech Zone, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250000 Patentee after: CNHTC (Jinan) Axle Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 777, Shandong hi tech Zone, Hua Ao Road, Ji'nan, Shandong Patentee before: China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Jinan Power Co.,Ltd. |