CN103028987B - Numerical control processing fixture for two perpendicularly-crossed shafts - Google Patents
Numerical control processing fixture for two perpendicularly-crossed shafts Download PDFInfo
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- CN103028987B CN103028987B CN201210520001.XA CN201210520001A CN103028987B CN 103028987 B CN103028987 B CN 103028987B CN 201210520001 A CN201210520001 A CN 201210520001A CN 103028987 B CN103028987 B CN 103028987B
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- workpiece
- hold
- down support
- compact heap
- axle
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000003660 Reticulum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000000078 Claw Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000153 supplemental Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010007247 Carbuncle Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001847 Jaw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control processing fixture for two perpendicularly-crossed shafts. A workpiece is positioned inside a fixed support; the excircle surface at one side of the fixed support is provided with a second shaft installation hole; and the centre line of the second shaft installation hole and the center line of the fixed support are perpendicular to each other. A compression screw is arranged on the end surface of the opening end of the fixed support; and the bottom of the fixed support is provided with an adjusting screw by which a compression block is in close fit with the excircle surface of a first shaft of the workpiece. A step surface at the upper end of an inner hole of the fixed support is a positioning flange of the workpiece. By use of the numerical control processing fixture, the clamping force of a machine tool claw does not directly act on the workpiece, so the deformation of the workpiece caused by clamping is effectively reduced, and meanwhile deformation resulting from torque transferring through the workpiece is eliminated by a main shaft clamping fixture. The other end of the workpiece is provided with auxiliary supporting, the influences of cutting vibration on the processing precision of the workpiece are reduced and the processing quality of products is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical processing industry, specifically a kind of numerical control machining clamper for two axles that intersect vertically.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's Aeronautics and Astronautics cause, some complex-shaped irregular parts get more and more, and such as structure is the part of two axles that intersect vertically.For the processing of such part, people have early had recognized that superiority and the importance of multi-axis numerical control technology, such as numerical control five-axle milling-lathe machining center.Therefore conventional process tools is replaced at this kind equipment of the large quantities of employing in Aeronautics and Astronautics field already abroad, domestic then relatively backward in this respect, mainly there is following problem: 1. abstract, the operating difficulties of multi-axis NC programming.2. clamping, locate mode are not easily determined; 3. Special Clamps Design difficulty etc. problem.
Selecting rational clamping, locate mode fixture reasonable in design for two axles that intersect vertically, is on numerical-control turn-milling machining center, realize clamped one time process the problem that first will solve.Because the part deformation that rational installation way can avoid clamping external force to bring; And fixture reasonable in design, then can reduce clamping, centering number of times, give full play to the processing characteristic of five-axle turn-milling machining center, particularly for the part produced in enormous quantities, advantage is more obvious.
Process in prior art described two intersect vertically axle time, the general upset frock that adopts is as fixture.Boring, Milling Machining face is converted to turnery processing by upset frock.There is the deficiencies such as Fixture Design complexity, the manufacturing cycle is long, funds are high, the scope of application is little in this processing tool, and cannot play processing characteristic and the processed edge of numerical control machining center, adds the manufacturing cost of product.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the complex structure existed in prior art, the deficiency that the manufacturing cycle is long, cost is high, the scope of application is little, the present invention proposes a kind of numerical control machining clamper for two axles that intersect vertically.
The present invention includes compact heap, adjustment screw, retainer nut, hold-down support, housing screw and pad.Workpiece is positioned at this hold-down support.The aperture of described hold-down support endoporus middle section than workpiece by the large 30mm of the thickness sum of the external diameter of retaining part and compact heap.Have the second axle installing hole at the outer round surface of described hold-down support side, the center line of this second axle installing hole is mutually vertical with the center line of hold-down support, with the opposite side periphery of described second axle installing hole symmetry on have honeycomb counterweight lightening core; The circumference of described second axle installing hole side and the upper surface of hold-down support through; The step surface of the endoporus upper end of described hold-down support is the positioning spigot of workpiece; Housing screw is arranged on the end face of described hold-down support openend; Bottom hold-down support, adjustment screw is installed, by this adjustment screw, compact heap and workpiece first axle outer round surface is closely cooperated.
The radius of the inner arc surface of described compact heap is identical with the radius of clamped workpiece first axle; Described compact heap, after holding workpiece, has the distance of 10 ~ 20mm between the outer surface of this compact heap and hold-down support inner surface.
Two axle why difficult clampings on numerical control machining center that intersect vertically, mainly because: first, there are two machining benchmarks intersected vertically in two axles that intersect vertically, which selects as the positioning datum of processing, both can ensure dimensional accuracy and the Geometrical Tolerance Principle of two axle processing that intersect vertically, the clamping error that resetting can be avoided again to bring is very difficult; The second, numerical control machining center main shaft is generally hydraulic claw, and direct clamping two axle that intersects vertically can cause clamping deformation.Select which kind of installation way, can realize this two places vertical axis of clamped one time fine finishining, it is also very difficult for can overcoming again the external carbuncle distortion that clamping brings.
Therefore two axles that intersect vertically, on numerical control machining center, the key of clamping device design is: first, two axles that intersect vertically should formulate reasonable processing sequence and processing technology; The second, fixture will select rational Set and Positioning benchmark, avoids location or locates inaccurate; 3rd, fixture wants method of clamping reasonable in design, selects reasonable retaining part, has good clamping performance, can provide enough clamping power.Can not allow between workpiece and fixture and relative displacement occurs, can not make again workpiece due to chucking power excessive and cause clamping deformation, thus affect the final crudy of workpiece, realize two axles that intersect vertically can clamped one time fine finishining simultaneously.
In the present invention,
Hold-down support: for there is the tubular structure of end cap one end.Internal diameter should be greater than the summation of workpiece external diameter and compact heap height.External diameter should ensure enough spaces for connection that is axial, radial connecting bolt.Upper end end face has a positioning spigot, and is evenly equipped with axial thread blind hole.Side periphery has major diameter round hole, and upper end is open.The periphery of symmetrical opposite side there is honeycomb counterweight lightening core.The one radial end cap protruded is arranged at bottom, and thickness enough ensures hydraulic claw clamping intensity, on the periphery of end cap, be evenly equipped with radial tapped through hole.
Housing screw: connecting bolt is standard component, for Workpiece fixing face pressure is sandwiched in hold-down support upper surface, namely clamping workpiece uses, and makes workpiece work in-process only by axial clamping external force, and not by radial clamping external force.
Compact heap: compact heap is sector structure part, contacts in the course of work with outer surface of workpiece.So compact heap is arc surface with work piece interface, arc surface diameter is consistent with workpiece external diameter; Tapped blind hole when having adjustment screw to screw in above compact heap and the unthreaded hole after screwing in, screw in for adjustment screw, compress.Compact heap is the supplemental support in work pieces process, does not make clamping and uses.
Adjustment screw: after the radial screw of adjustment screw precession hold-down support periphery, the screwed hole on front end precession compact heap, connects into entirety by hold-down support by compact heap and workpiece.
Retainer nut: adjustment screw screws in after hold-down support, retainer nut is on hold-down support periphery and be threaded onto adjustment screw; The process screwing in adjustment screw can promote compact heap near workpiece, after compact heap is contacted by arc surface with outer surface of workpiece, tightens retainer nut, can prevent adjustment screw in process from loosening thus cause compact heap and workpiece to depart from.
The present invention is according to the characteristic of two axles that intersect vertically, fixed by the connecting bolt on hold-down support, workpiece pressing, machine tool jaw clamping force is not directly acted on workpiece, excircle of workpiece face is not by radial clamping external force, the distortion that workpiece causes due to clamping can be effectively reduced, eliminate because of the direct clamping workpiece of main shaft in traditional processing proposal by main shaft clamping device, the distortion caused by workpiece transmitting torque simultaneously.For prevent from processing intersect vertically axle second benchmark work in-process vibration, affect machining accuracy, the workpiece other end gives supplemental support, reduces the impact of cutting vibration on Workpiece Machining Accuracy, thus improves the crudy of product.Through verification experimental verification, the present invention makes the quality percentage of certain type product bring up to 100% from about 80%, achieves product " zero-fault " and pays.Working (machining) efficiency has brought up to 50h/ part by original 120h/ part simultaneously.The present invention need not turning repeatedly, so be no longer running stores, saved cost, in batch production, effect is more obvious.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is clamp structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of clamp structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that the P of clamp structure schematic diagram is to schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of hold-down support;
Fig. 5 is that the E of hold-down support is to schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is that the D of hold-down support is to schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is that the C of hold-down support is to schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of housing screw;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of compact heap;
Figure 10 is the side view of compact heap schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is fixture fundamental diagram.Wherein:
1. compact heap 2. adjustment screw 3. retainer nut 4. hold-down support 5. housing screw
6. pad 7. workpiece 8. scroll chuck
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The present embodiment is a kind of clamp for machining for two axles that intersect vertically.The described axle that intersects vertically comprises the first axle of axes normal and the second axle of axis horizontal, and the first described axle is mutually vertical with the second axle and crossing.Described fixture comprises compact heap 1, adjustment screw 2, retainer nut 3, hold-down support 4, housing screw 5 and pad 6.
Hold-down support 4 has the tubular of end cap for one end that 45# steel is made.Workpiece 7 is positioned at this hold-down support 4.The endoporus of hold-down support 4 is shoulder hole, and the step surface being positioned at the endoporus upper end of hold-down support 4 is the positioning spigot of workpiece, and the internal diameter diameter at this positioning spigot place is consistent with Workpiece fixing face diameter.The aperture of described hold-down support 4 endoporus middle section than workpiece by the large 30mm of the thickness sum of the external diameter of retaining part and compact heap 1.Have the second through axle installing hole at the outer round surface of described hold-down support 4 side, the center line of this second axle installing hole is mutually vertical with the center line of hold-down support 4; The circumference of described second axle installing hole side and the upper surface of hold-down support 4 through, make the circle that the upper surface of described hold-down support 4 becomes to be off; The width at the circumference of described second axle installing hole and the through place, upper surface of hold-down support 4 is less than the diameter of this second axle installing hole.Second axle of workpiece passes, so that digital control processing from the second described axle installing hole.The aperture 30mm larger than the external diameter of the second axle of described second axle installing hole.With the opposite side periphery of the second axle installing hole symmetry on have honeycomb counterweight lightening core.
Bottom described hold-down support 4, have a radial end cap protruded, the thickness of this end cap must ensure the clamping intensity of hydraulic claw.
Be evenly equipped with 3 tapped through holes in level on the periphery of bottom head covers one end, the center line of this tapped through hole crosses the center line of hold-down support 4.Adjustment screw 2 screws in this screw, and the termination of this adjustment screw 2 is screwed in the screw on compact heap 1 side surface, by adjustment screw, three place's compact heaps 1 is pressed on workpiece first axle outer round surface, and supplemental support workpiece.
The circular end face of the disconnection of described hold-down support 4 openend is evenly equipped with 11 tapped blind holes, the center line of this tapped blind hole and the centerline parallel of hold-down support 4.The center line distance of this tapped blind hole and the aperture distance of hold-down support 4 openend positioning spigot are 6 ~ 10mm, and housing screw 5 and pad 6 screw in this tapped blind hole, for workpiece pressing.
Compact heap 1 has 3, makes with LY12, is fan-like pattern bulk.The diameter of the inner arc surface of described compact heap 1 is identical with the external diameter of clamped workpiece, namely identical with the diameter of workpiece first axle; Described compact heap, after holding workpiece, has the distance of 10 ~ 20mm between the outer surface of this compact heap and hold-down support inner surface.At compact heap 1 exterior arc surface centre place, there is the tapped blind hole for being connected with adjustment screw.In the present embodiment, the height of compact heap 1 is 35mm, and width is 40mm.
Adjustment screw 2 is that 45 steel are made, and is six square head structures, and screw length determines according to diameter of work, hold-down support thickness and compact heap width.
Retainer nut 3 is mainly used in locking.First adjustment screw 2 is screwed in retainer nut 3, again adjustment screw 2 is screwed in hold-down support 4, compact heap 1, screw adjustment screw 2 to promote compact heap 1 workpiece pressing, when after compact heap 1 uniform contact surface of the work, screw retainer nut 3 again, to prevent workpiece in process, compact heap 1 is caused to loosen owing to cutting vibrations.
In the present embodiment, the retainer nut 3 used, housing screw 5 and pad 6 are standard component.
For verifying effect of the present invention, with rapidoprint 30CrMnSiA, workpiece first axle and the second axle intersect vertically, and the first shaft centre line and the second shaft centre line symmetry require that the 0.1, first axle processes internal diameter
wall thickness 2.5 ㎜, the second axle processing internal diameter
wall thickness 3 ㎜ is that example is verified.
During use, work in-process adopts general installation way turning first axle for the location of fixture clamping, pressure folder end face, cylindrical in the heart, simultaneously on the end face of location, bores the uniform through hole milled out for clamp pressing.
Special fixture end cap cylindrical is clamped on machining center main shaft, with dial gauge centering fixture end face, periphery jerk value within 0.01 ㎜, adds clamper.Adjustment screw 2 is screwed in retainer nut 3, then adjustment screw 2 is screwed in hold-down support 4, compact heap 1.Unscrew adjustment screw 2, the clamping circular diameter that 3 place's compact heaps 1 are formed is greater than workpiece by the cylindrical of retaining part.Workpiece is put into hold-down support 4 inner chamber, workpiece first axle locating surface puts into hold-down support 4 positioning spigot, coaxial with main shaft for ensureing workpiece first axle axis, workpiece second axle stretches out from the through circular hole in described hold-down support 4 cylindrical side simultaneously, adopt housing screw 5, pad 6 workpiece pressing first axle locating surface, with dial gauge centering workpiece upper surface jerk value, to determine that Workpiece fixing face is closely attached on hold-down support 4 openend end face.Screw adjustment screw 2 and contact outer surface of workpiece to promote compact heap 1, now, as long as 3 place's compact heap 1 uniform contact outer surface of workpieces, compact heap 1 pair of workpiece only does supplemental support, must not screw and make workpiece first Axial and radial stressed, finally screw retainer nut 3, prevent from adding man-hour compact heap and 1 to loosen.
Adopt turnery processing to process each size of the first axle endoporus, adopt boring-mill work to process each size of the second axle endoporus.
When using this fixture clamping to process the workpiece of two axles that intersect vertically, car, milling, boring, pincers worker sequence can all complete by clamped one time, often kind of operation in traditional handicraft need not be resembled and add man-hour, all to adopt different equipment, often process a procedure and all want clamping, centering, human factor and multiple clamping, the crudy impact of correct error on workpiece are very large.Can realize Roughing and fine machining clamped one time man-hour and complete adding, first by the made allowance processing respectively of each for workpiece working position during roughing, diameter stays the surplus of about 0.5 ~ 0.8mm; The each working position of fine finishining is to drawing requirement size again.Will repeatedly feed during fine finishining, depth of cut general control is advisable at 0.05 ~ 0.1mm.Follow first thick rear essence during fine finishining, follow simultaneously and first process the principle that the second axle reprocesses the first axle.
The present invention can realize the workpiece clamped one time of two axles that intersect vertically completely on numerical control machining center, and multiplex (MUX) plants one step completed fine finishining, effectively reduces the distortion that workpiece causes due to clamping; The workpiece deformation that trembling when preventing fine finishining causes and surface roughness low; Overcome simultaneously the workpiece turnaround time many, have a big risk, the problems such as the process-cycle is long, and working (machining) efficiency is low.Thus improve workpiece crudy, shorten the process-cycle; In the present invention, fixture need not turning repeatedly, so be no longer running stores, saved cost, in batch production, effect is more obvious.
Claims (2)
1. for a numerical control machining clamper for two axles that intersect vertically, it is characterized in that, described fixture comprises compact heap, adjustment screw, retainer nut, hold-down support, housing screw and pad; Workpiece is positioned at this hold-down support; The aperture of described hold-down support endoporus middle section than workpiece by the large 30mm of the thickness sum of the external diameter of retaining part and compact heap; Have the second axle installing hole at the outer round surface of described hold-down support side, the center line of this second axle installing hole is mutually vertical with the center line of hold-down support, with the opposite side periphery of described second axle installing hole symmetry on have honeycomb counterweight lightening core; The circumference of described second axle installing hole side and the upper surface of hold-down support through; The step surface of the endoporus upper end of described hold-down support is the positioning spigot of workpiece; Housing screw is arranged on the end face of described hold-down support openend; Bottom hold-down support, adjustment screw is installed, by this adjustment screw, compact heap and workpiece first axle outer round surface is closely cooperated.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for the numerical control machining clamper of two axles that intersect vertically, it is characterized in that, the radius of the inner arc surface of described compact heap is identical with the radius of clamped workpiece first axle; Described compact heap, after holding workpiece, has the distance of 10 ~ 20mm between the outer surface of this compact heap and hold-down support inner surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210520001.XA CN103028987B (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2012-12-03 | Numerical control processing fixture for two perpendicularly-crossed shafts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210520001.XA CN103028987B (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2012-12-03 | Numerical control processing fixture for two perpendicularly-crossed shafts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103028987A CN103028987A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| CN103028987B true CN103028987B (en) | 2015-05-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210520001.XA Active CN103028987B (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2012-12-03 | Numerical control processing fixture for two perpendicularly-crossed shafts |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106736777B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-10-23 | 西安航天动力机械厂 | A kind of fixture for the axle thread that intersects vertically for turnery processing |
| CN106975895A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-25 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | The machining process of aluminium alloy five-way pipe joint part |
| CN109623648B (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-03-17 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Processing method of shaft parts |
| CN112453956A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-09 | 安徽傲宇数控科技有限公司 | Numerical control lathe clamping structure for special-shaped workpiece |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63283829A (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1988-11-21 | Nippon S K F Kk | Manufacture of thin cylindrical sleeve member |
| RO103277B1 (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1993-03-19 | Institutul Politehnic | Self-centered device with elastic faucet with ribs |
| CN2633502Y (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-08-18 | 汪苏 | Integrated clamp for cutting and welding multiple section thin wall tubular part |
| CN201287270Y (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2009-08-12 | 中国北车集团大连机车研究所有限公司 | Mandrel body for lathe work of pressure booster primary shaft |
| CN102049695A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-05-11 | 西安航天动力机械厂 | Processing method and technological equipment for cylindrical thin and long thin-walled workpiece |
-
2012
- 2012-12-03 CN CN201210520001.XA patent/CN103028987B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63283829A (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1988-11-21 | Nippon S K F Kk | Manufacture of thin cylindrical sleeve member |
| RO103277B1 (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1993-03-19 | Institutul Politehnic | Self-centered device with elastic faucet with ribs |
| CN2633502Y (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-08-18 | 汪苏 | Integrated clamp for cutting and welding multiple section thin wall tubular part |
| CN201287270Y (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2009-08-12 | 中国北车集团大连机车研究所有限公司 | Mandrel body for lathe work of pressure booster primary shaft |
| CN102049695A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-05-11 | 西安航天动力机械厂 | Processing method and technological equipment for cylindrical thin and long thin-walled workpiece |
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| CN103028987A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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