CN107584203A - The method that gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material is prepared by agitating friction built-up welding - Google Patents
The method that gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material is prepared by agitating friction built-up welding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method that gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material is prepared by agitating friction built-up welding, it is characterised in that：Using cast Al-Si alloy as matrix, friction surfacing is stirred using alusil alloy consumption-type friction-stir tool, making the alusil alloy material of consumption-type friction-stir tool, successively solid phase is accumulated in matrix surface, so as to obtain the aluminium silicon electronic package material of constituent element distribution gradient.The present invention prepares Al Si functionally gradient material (FGM)s by agitating friction built-up welding, using consumption-type friction-stir tool, has the advantages that gradient layer forms that speed is fast, prepares that the used time is short, Thickness of Gradient Layer is adjustable, and the saving energy, technique is simple, environmental pollution is small.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alusil alloy technical field of material, and in particular to a kind of to prepare ladder by agitating friction built-up welding
Spend the method for aluminium silicon electronic package material.
Background technology
In recent years, field of microelectronic devices high speed development, Electronic Encapsulating Technology just towards it is light, miniaturization, low cost and
High-performance direction is developed.Chip integration is increased sharply because Electronic Packaging tends to minimize, necessarily cause electronic device
Caloric value increases substantially, and circuit operating temperature constantly rises.Therefore, in order to ensure that circuit works at a normal temperature, improve
The radiating efficiency of chip just seems extremely important.Traditionally, researcher such as increases radiator using increase cooling system design
Or cooling system, but cost so is added, can not fundamentally solve key issue.So exploitation one kind has height concurrently
The new material of thermal conductivity, low-expansion coefficient and excellent machinability is just particularly important.
The succeeding in developing of silumin, which will become, meets telecommunication, Aero-Space, national defence and other associated electricals member
The required novel encapsulated material of device.Novel gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material not only has low thermal coefficient of expansion, higher
Thermal conductivity, less density, and also there is good mechanical property, machining property and plating resistance, therefore increasingly
By Electronic Packaging industry, researcher is paid attention to.The preparation method for the functionally gradient material (FGM) developed at present has：Powder metallurgic method, change
Vapour deposition process, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, centre spinning, plasma spraying method etc. are learned, but above-mentioned preparation method prepares effect
Fruit is undesirable, equipment is expensive, technique is cumbersome, hardly results in and is widely popularized in practical application prepared by aluminium silicon functionally gradient material (FGM).
The content of the invention
The present invention is to avoid the weak point present in above-mentioned prior art, there is provided one kind uses consumption-type agitating friction
Instrument, the method that gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material is prepared by agitating friction built-up welding.
The present invention solves technical problem, adopts the following technical scheme that：
The method that the present invention prepares gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material by agitating friction built-up welding, its feature are：With casting
It is matrix to make alusil alloy, is stirred friction surfacing using alusil alloy consumption-type friction-stir tool, stirs consumption-type
The alusil alloy material of friction tool in matrix surface, successively accumulate by solid phase, so as to obtain the aluminium silicon electronics of constituent element distribution gradient
Encapsulating material.Specifically comprise the following steps：
(1) prepared by sheet material
Using conventional casting methods, silicon weight/mass percentage composition m is prepared0For 20%-60% alusil alloy sheet material；To institute
The upper surface for stating alusil alloy sheet material include at the surface of sand paper polishing, alcohol washes, acetone decontamination and dry each process
Reason；
(2) matrix is processed
Sheet material after surface treatment is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench, using the on-consumable with mixing needle
Type friction-stir tool carries out 2-3 passage mixing yoghurts, the overlapping rate of adjacent passage to the whole upper surface of the sheet material
For 50%, obtain that silicon grain is tiny (to be less than 10-2Mm the solid cast alusil alloy), being evenly distributed；
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 300-1500rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 30-
150mm/min, mixing needle angle of inclination are 2-3 °；
(3) first layer agitating friction built-up welding
Using the cast Al-Si alloy that step (2) is obtained as matrix, it is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench,
Using silicon weight/mass percentage composition as a1Alusil alloy consumption-type friction-stir tool first layer is carried out to the whole upper surface of matrix
Agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h1In the range of 0.3-0.5mm, the overlapping region thickness of overlay cladding and matrix isThen
The registration of first layer overlay cladding and matrix is k1,50% >=k1>=20%；
After the completion of built-up welding, the silicone content of first layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of first layer overlay cladding is
m1：
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 300-3000rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 30-
150mm/min；
(4) second layer agitating friction built-up welding
Step (3) has been carried out to the alusil alloy of first layer agitating friction heap postwelding, has been fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment
On workbench, using silicon weight/mass percentage composition as a2Alusil alloy consumption-type friction-stir tool the is carried out to its whole upper surface
Two layers of agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h2In the range of 0.3-0.5mm, the weight of second layer overlay cladding and first layer overlay cladding
Closing area thickness isThen the registration of second layer overlay cladding and first layer overlay cladding is k2,50% >=k2
>=20%；
After the completion of built-up welding, the silicone content of second layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of second layer overlay cladding is
m2：
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 300-3000rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 30-
150mm/min；
(5) n-th layer agitating friction built-up welding
By that analogy, by step (4) identical method, the alusil alloy of (n-1)th layer of agitating friction heap postwelding will have been carried out,
N >=1, it is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench, using silicon weight/mass percentage composition as anAlusil alloy consumption-type stirring
Friction tool carries out n-th layer agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h to its whole upper surfacenIn the range of 0.3-0.5mm, n-th
Layer overlay cladding and (n-1)th layer of overlay cladding overlapping region thickness beThen n-th layer overlay cladding and (n-1)th layer of overlay cladding overlap
Spend for kn,50% >=k2>=20%；
After the completion of built-up welding, the silicone content of n-th layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of n-th layer overlay cladding is mn：
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 300-3000rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 30-
150mm/min。
Preferably, 30% >=a1≥a2≥。。。≥an≥0。
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：
1st, the present invention is prepared Al-Si functionally gradient material (FGM)s using consumption-type friction-stir tool, had by agitating friction built-up welding
Gradient layer forms that speed is fast, prepares the advantages that used time is short, Thickness of Gradient Layer is adjustable, and save the energy, technique is simple, environment is dirty
Contaminate small.
2nd, in process, material is in solid state shape to the present invention, is melting and is solidifying so as to avoid other method
Caused by process the defects of shrinkage porosite, hole, fine and close and continuous aluminium silicon functionally gradient material (FGM) can be obtained, shaping is more good.
3rd, equipment of the invention is simple, operating procedure is easy, green and production cost is relatively low.
Embodiment
The present invention is elaborated with reference to embodiment, following embodiments are under premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to it is following
Embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment comprises the following steps：
(1) prepared by sheet material
Using conventional casting methods, silicon weight/mass percentage composition m is prepared0For 20%, thickness H=16mm aluminum silicon alloy plate
Material, specific method are：60g silico briquette and 240g aluminium blocks are completely melt in vacuum smelting furnace, being then cast into thickness is
16mm board-like material.The upper surface of alusil alloy sheet material is carried out including sand paper polishing, alcohol washes, acetone decontamination and drying
The surface treatment of each process；
(2) matrix is processed
Sheet material after surface treatment is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench, using the on-consumable with mixing needle
Type friction-stir tool (being made by H13 steel) carries out 2 passage mixing yoghurts to the whole upper surface of sheet material, adjacent passage
Overlapping rate is 50%, and it is tiny (less than 10 to obtain silicon grain-2Mm the solid cast alusil alloy), being evenly distributed；
Mixing yoghurt specific process parameter：The a diameter of 30mm of the shaft shoulder, a diameter of M14 of cylindric mixing needle, length
It it is 2.5 ° for 10mm, inclination angle, the rotary speed of friction-stir tool is 950rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is
60mm/min。
(3) first layer agitating friction built-up welding
Using the cast Al-Si alloy that step (2) is obtained as matrix, it is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench,
First layer is carried out to the whole upper surface of matrix by 10% Al-10Si consumption-types friction-stir tool of silicon weight/mass percentage composition
Agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h1In the range of=0.3mm, the overlapping region thickness of overlay cladding and matrix is
Then the registration of first layer overlay cladding and matrix is k1=50%；
After the completion of built-up welding, the silicone content of first layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of first layer overlay cladding is
m1：
m1=(1-k1)×a1+k1m0=15%
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 750rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 47.5mm/min；
(4) second layer agitating friction built-up welding
Step (3) has been carried out to the alusil alloy of first layer agitating friction heap postwelding, has been fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment
On workbench, the is carried out to its whole upper surface by 5% Al-5Si consumption-types friction-stir tool of silicon weight/mass percentage composition
Two layers of agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h2=0.4mm, the overlapping region thickness of second layer overlay cladding and first layer overlay cladding
ForThen the registration of second layer overlay cladding and first layer overlay cladding is k2=50%；
After the completion of, the silicone content of second layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of second layer overlay cladding is m2：
m2=(1-k2)×a2+k2m1=10%
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 750rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 47.5mm/min.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that by agitating friction built-up welding twice, the present embodiment obtains silicon weight/mass percentage composition and is followed successively by 20%-
15%-10% gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment comprises the following steps：
(1) prepared by sheet material
Using conventional casting methods, silicon weight/mass percentage composition m is prepared0For 40%, thickness H=16mm aluminum silicon alloy plate
Material, specific method are：120g silico briquette and 180g aluminium blocks are completely melt in vacuum smelting furnace, being then cast into thickness is
16mm board-like material.
The upper surface of alusil alloy sheet material is carried out including sand paper polishing, alcohol washes, acetone decontamination and dries each process
Surface treatment；
(2) matrix is processed
Sheet material after surface treatment is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench, using the on-consumable with mixing needle
Type friction-stir tool (being made by H13 steel) carries out 2 passage mixing yoghurts to the whole upper surface of sheet material, adjacent passage
Overlapping rate is 50%, and it is tiny (less than 10 to obtain silicon grain-2Mm the solid cast alusil alloy), being evenly distributed；
Mixing yoghurt specific process parameter：The a diameter of 30mm of the shaft shoulder, a diameter of M14 of cylindric mixing needle, length
It it is 2.5 ° for 10mm, inclination angle, the rotary speed of friction-stir tool is 950rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is
47.5mm/min。
(3) first layer agitating friction built-up welding
Using the cast Al-Si alloy that step (2) is obtained as matrix, it is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench,
First layer is carried out to the whole upper surface of matrix by 20% Al-20Si consumption-types friction-stir tool of silicon weight/mass percentage composition
Agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h1In the range of=0.3mm, the overlapping region thickness of overlay cladding and matrix is
Then the registration of first layer overlay cladding and matrix is k1=50%；
After the completion of built-up welding, the silicone content of first layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of first layer overlay cladding is
m1：
m1=(1-k1)×a1+k1m0=30%
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 950rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 47.5mm/min；
(4) second layer agitating friction built-up welding
Step (3) has been carried out to the alusil alloy of first layer agitating friction heap postwelding, has been fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment
On workbench, its whole upper surface is carried out by 10% Al-10Si consumption-types friction-stir tool of silicon weight/mass percentage composition
Second layer agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h2=0.4mm, the overlapping region of second layer overlay cladding and first layer overlay cladding are thick
Spend and beThen the registration of second layer overlay cladding and first layer overlay cladding is k2=50%；
After the completion of, the silicone content of second layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of second layer overlay cladding is m2：
m2=(1-k2)×a2+k2m1=20%
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 950rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 60mm/min.
(5) third layer agitating friction built-up welding
Step (3) has been carried out to the alusil alloy of second layer agitating friction heap postwelding, has been fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment
On workbench, the 3rd is carried out to its whole upper surface by 0% pure Al consumption-types friction-stir tool of silicon weight/mass percentage composition
Layer agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h2=0.5mm, the overlapping region thickness of third layer overlay cladding and second layer overlay cladding areThen the registration of third layer overlay cladding and second layer overlay cladding is k3=50%；
After the completion of, the silicone content of third layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of third layer overlay cladding is m3：
m3=(1-k3)×a3+k3m2=10%
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 1200rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 90mm/min.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that by triple mixing friction surfacing, the present embodiment obtains silicon weight/mass percentage composition and is followed successively by 40%-
30%-20%-10% gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment comprises the following steps：
(1) prepared by sheet material
Using conventional casting methods, silicon weight/mass percentage composition m is prepared0For 60%, thickness H=16mm aluminum silicon alloy plate
Material, specific method are：180g silico briquette and 120g aluminium blocks are completely melt in vacuum smelting furnace, being then cast into thickness is
16mm board-like material.
The upper surface of alusil alloy sheet material is carried out including sand paper polishing, alcohol washes, acetone decontamination and dries each process
Surface treatment；
(2) matrix is processed
Sheet material after surface treatment is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench, using the on-consumable with mixing needle
Type friction-stir tool (being made by H13 steel) carries out 2 passage mixing yoghurts to the whole upper surface of sheet material, adjacent passage
Overlapping rate is 50%, and it is tiny (less than 10 to obtain silicon grain-2Mm the solid cast alusil alloy), being evenly distributed；
Mixing yoghurt specific process parameter：The a diameter of 30mm of the shaft shoulder, a diameter of M14 of cylindric mixing needle, length
It it is 2.5 ° for 10mm, inclination angle, the rotary speed of friction-stir tool is 950rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is
30mm/min。
(3) first layer agitating friction built-up welding
Using the cast Al-Si alloy that step (2) is obtained as matrix, it is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench,
First layer is carried out to the whole upper surface of matrix by 30% Al-30Si consumption-types friction-stir tool of silicon weight/mass percentage composition
Agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h1In the range of=0.3mm, the overlapping region thickness of overlay cladding and matrix isThen the registration of first layer overlay cladding and matrix is k1=50%；
After the completion of built-up welding, the silicone content of first layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of first layer overlay cladding is
m1：
m1=(1-k1)×a1+k1m0=45%
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 950rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 30mm/min；
(4) second layer agitating friction built-up welding
Step (3) has been carried out to the alusil alloy of first layer agitating friction heap postwelding, has been fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment
On workbench, its whole upper surface is carried out by 15% Al-15Si consumption-types friction-stir tool of silicon weight/mass percentage composition
Second layer agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h2=0.4mm, the overlapping region of second layer overlay cladding and first layer overlay cladding are thick
Spend and beThen the registration of second layer overlay cladding and first layer overlay cladding is k2=50%；
After the completion of, the silicone content of second layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of second layer overlay cladding is m2：
m2=(1-k2)×a2+k2m1=30%
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 950rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 47.5mm/min.
(5) third layer agitating friction built-up welding
Step (3) has been carried out to the alusil alloy of second layer agitating friction heap postwelding, has been fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment
On workbench, the 3rd is carried out to its whole upper surface by 0% pure Al consumption-types friction-stir tool of silicon weight/mass percentage composition
Layer agitating friction built-up welding, overlay cladding thickness h2=0.5mm, the overlapping region thickness of third layer overlay cladding and second layer overlay cladding areThen the registration of third layer overlay cladding and second layer overlay cladding is k3=50%；
After the completion of, the silicone content of third layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of third layer overlay cladding is m3：
m3=(1-k3)×a3+k3m2=15%
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 950rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 60mm/min.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that by triple mixing friction surfacing, the present embodiment obtains silicon weight/mass percentage composition and is followed successively by 60%-
45%-30%-15% gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material.
The exemplary embodiment of the present invention is these are only, is not intended to limit the invention, all spirit in the present invention
With all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within principle etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (3)
1. the method for gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material is prepared by agitating friction built-up welding, it is characterised in that：Closed with Casting Al-Si
Gold is matrix, is stirred friction surfacing using alusil alloy consumption-type friction-stir tool, makes consumption-type friction-stir tool
Alusil alloy material matrix surface successively solid phase accumulate, so as to obtain the aluminium silicon Electronic Packaging material of constituent element distribution gradient
Material.
2. the method according to claim 1 that gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material is prepared by agitating friction built-up welding, it is special
Sign is, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepared by sheet material
Using conventional casting methods, silicon weight/mass percentage composition m is prepared0For 20%-60% alusil alloy sheet material；To the aluminium
The upper surface of silicon alloy sheet material carries out including sand paper polishing, alcohol washes, acetone decontamination and the surface treatment for drying each process；
(2) matrix is processed
Sheet material after surface treatment is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench, stirred using the on-consumable type with mixing needle
Mix friction tool and 2-3 passage mixing yoghurts are carried out to the whole upper surface of the sheet material, the overlapping rate of adjacent passage is
50%, obtain silicon grain and be not more than 10-2Mm, the cast Al-Si alloy being evenly distributed；
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 300-1500rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 30-150mm/
Min, mixing needle angle of inclination are 2-3 °；
(3) first layer agitating friction built-up welding
Using the cast Al-Si alloy that step (2) is obtained as matrix, it is fixed on mixing yoghurt equipment workbench, with silicon
Weight/mass percentage composition is a1Alusil alloy consumption-type friction-stir tool first layer stirring is carried out to the whole upper surface of matrix
Friction surfacing, overlay cladding thickness h1In the range of 0.3-0.5mm, the overlapping region thickness of overlay cladding and matrix isThen first
The registration of layer overlay cladding and matrix is k1,50% >=k1>=20%；
After the completion of built-up welding, the silicone content of first layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of first layer overlay cladding is m1：
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(4) second layer agitating friction built-up welding
Step (3) has been carried out to the alusil alloy of first layer agitating friction heap postwelding, has been fixed on the work of mixing yoghurt equipment
On platform, using silicon weight/mass percentage composition as a2Alusil alloy consumption-type friction-stir tool the second layer is carried out to its whole upper surface
Agitating friction built-up welding, for overlay cladding thickness h 2 in the range of 0.3-0.5mm, second layer overlay cladding overlaps area with first layer overlay cladding
Domain thickness isThen the registration of second layer overlay cladding and first layer overlay cladding is k2,50% >=k2≥
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After the completion of built-up welding, the silicone content of second layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of second layer overlay cladding is m2：
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(5) n-th layer agitating friction built-up welding
By that analogy, by step (4) identical method, the alusil alloy of (n-1)th layer of agitating friction heap postwelding will have been carried out, n >=
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The overlapping region thickness of layer and (n-1)th layer of overlay cladding isThen the registration of n-th layer overlay cladding and (n-1)th layer of overlay cladding is
kn,50% >=k2>=20%；
After the completion of built-up welding, the silicone content of n-th layer overlay cladding is uniform, then the silicon weight/mass percentage composition of n-th layer overlay cladding is mn：
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<mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
Wherein：Friction-stir tool rotary speed is 300-3000rpm, and friction-stir tool gait of march is 30-150mm/
min。
3. the method according to claim 2 that gradient aluminium silicon electronic package material is prepared by agitating friction built-up welding, it is special
Sign is：30% >=a1≥a2≥...≥an≥0。
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| CN108866545B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-01-03 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for preparing gradient aluminum-silicon electronic packaging material by laser cladding melt-spun material |
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