CN107583167B - Olfactory training instrument for human - Google Patents
Olfactory training instrument for human Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a human olfactory training instrument, comprising: n gas supply pipelines for respectively and independently supplying olfactory training gas, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; the closed mask is connected to the front ends of the N gas supply pipelines and is used for enabling olfactory training gas generated by one gas supply pipeline to act on olfactory organs of a patient. The closed mask is added in the human olfactory training instrument, so that the smell can directly act on the olfactory organ of a patient, the smell for training can be fully utilized to generate enough stimulus for the smell of the patient, the interference of other smells in the environment is avoided, the smell pollution is avoided, and the mixing and smell adaptation of the smells are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a human olfactory training instrument.
Background
With the improvement of life quality, the olfactory function is gradually valued by people, and the number of patients with dysosmia in the clinic is gradually increased. Studies have shown that the incidence of dysolfaction is 3.7-24% and increases gradually with age. The method of treatment of dysosmia varies according to the cause. The olfactory disorder caused by the blocking factor is usually relieved by an operation treatment mode, and the olfactory function is recovered. For olfactory disorder without blocking factors in the olfactory region, the olfactory disorder is clinically treated by means of medication, acupuncture, olfactory training and the like. The olfactory disorder caused by no blocking factor in the olfactory region is clinically treated by the medicament, wherein the glucocorticoid has obvious treatment effect, the improvement rate of the olfactory function is 16.4-50%, but the olfactory disorder occurs again after the medicament is stopped, and the long-term medicament treatment can cause side effect of the medicament and cause adverse effect on the patients. In addition, some patients are not likely to be treated with glucocorticoid medication. Clinical researches show that the olfactory training has good effect on treating olfactory disorder and has no side effect on patients, the improvement rate of olfactory function is 30-79%, and even part of researches show that the improvement rate of olfactory training on olfaction can reach 100%. However, the current practice in olfactory training is to use a simple odor bottle and odor pen.
1. Smell bottle method for olfactory training
The germany Hummel professor uses scent bottles to conduct olfactory training on patients. The odor bottles included four brown glass bottles labeled with 4 solutions of rose, lemon, eucalyptus and clove, each 50ml. During training, 1ml of the solution is respectively taken to soak the cotton sheets, each smell is smelled for 10 seconds, and each smell is smelled once a day in the morning and evening. The olfactory training is simple and convenient to operate, but has great pollution to the environmental odor, and is easy to cause the olfactory adaptation of patients.
2. Olfactory training pen
On the basis of the smell training smell bottle, the professor Hummel in Germany improves the smell training bottle, and adopts a smell pen to conduct smell training on a patient. The odor pen is an odor felt-tip pen, and the odor is released when the pen cap is removed. The odor pen comprises four branches, and has 4 odors of rose, lemon, eucalyptus and clove respectively. The patient is required to pick off the pen cap when conducting olfactory training, the pen point is placed at the front of nostril for 2-3cm, each smell is smelled for 10-20s, and each smell is smelled once a day in the morning and evening. The smell training operation is simple and easy to carry, pollution to the environmental smell is relatively small, but long-term removal of the pen cap can volatilize the smell of the smell pen, the smell concentration during training is reduced, and the expected effect cannot be achieved.
In carrying out the present disclosure, the applicant has found that prior art olfactory training devices for humans suffer from the following drawbacks:
(1) On the one hand, the odor for training is exposed to the environment, so that the concentration is reduced after long-term use, and the odor for training is difficult to generate enough stimulus on the smell of a patient; on the other hand, other odors in the environment interfere with the training odors, affecting the training effect; on the other hand, the odor pollution to the environment is obvious, and the odor is not easy to volatilize completely, so that the odor is mixed and smells and adapts;
(2) When the patient needs to smell each smell, remembers the name of each smell, and part of patients forget or ignore the step, so that the training effect is greatly reduced;
(3) In each odor stimulation pipeline, the air supply time cannot be accurately controlled, meanwhile, the air supply pressure cannot be accurately controlled, residual gas in the odor stimulation pipeline cannot be removed, odor mixing and even odor change are easy to occur, and the training effect is influenced;
(4) The lack of a blank line for air supply, the inability to supply air alternately, the patient may experience sniffing and poor comfort.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
First, the technical problem to be solved
The present disclosure provides an olfactory training apparatus for a person to at least partially solve the technical problems set forth above.
(II) technical scheme
This openman is with sense of smell training appearance includes: n gas supply pipelines for respectively and independently supplying olfactory training gas, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; the closed mask is connected to the front ends of the N gas supply pipelines and is used for enabling olfactory training gas generated by one gas supply pipeline to act on olfactory organs of a patient.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the closed face mask is a nasal mask or an oral-nasal mask.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the front ends of the N gas supply lines are each independently connected to the closed face mask.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, further comprising: the voice prompter is used for prompting the smell type of the olfactory training gas which is currently acted on the olfactory organ of the patient to the patient in a voice mode.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the voice prompt is a headset or a sound box.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gas supply line includes: the pipeline switch is a timing switch or an electric control switch, and is communicated with a gas supply pipeline in which the pipeline switch is positioned in an opening state; and closing the gas supply pipeline in the closed state; a flow meter for controlling the flow of gas in the odour supply circuit.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, further comprising: the warmer is arranged at the periphery of the front ends of the N smell providing pipelines and is used for heating the smell training gas provided by the N smell providing pipelines before acting on the olfactory organs of the patient.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the olfactory training apparatus further comprises: a gas source for providing pressurized air; the scent-providing circuit further includes: the device comprises a pressure gas inlet pipe, a smell container and a gas output pipe, wherein the rear end of the pressure gas inlet pipe is connected to a gas source, and the front end of the pressure gas inlet pipe is inserted into the smell container; the rear end of the gas output pipe is connected to the odor container, and the front end of the gas output pipe is connected to the closed mask; wherein, the flowmeter is arranged in the gas output pipe, and the pipeline switch is arranged in the pressure gas inlet pipe.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the N gas supply lines include: n (N) 1 A blank stimulation line for providing an olfactory training gas without odor; n (N) 2 A smell stimulating pipeline for providing smell training gas with smell; wherein N is 1 ≥1，N 2 ≥2，N 1 +N 2 ≤N。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the relative humidity of the odorless olfactory training gas is between 40-50%; the odor stimulation line includes: and the air pump is used for extracting the smell training gas with the smell remained in the smell stimulation pipeline after the smell stimulation pipeline is closed.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the olfactory training apparatus for a person further comprises: a voice prompter; the N gas supply lines include: a blank stimulation line for providing an olfactory training gas without odor; n (N) 2 A smell stimulating pipeline for providing smell training gas with smell, N 2 2 or more; the N is 2 The odor stimulating lines are numbered 1, 2, … …, N 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The gas supply line includes: a pipeline switch which is communicated with the positioned gas supply pipeline in an opening state; and closing the gas supply pipeline in the closed state; the pipeline switch is an electric control switch; the human olfactory training instrument further comprises: the controller is connected with the voice prompter and the electric control switch through signals and is used for executing the following control logic to control the voice prompter and the electric control switch:
step G, controlling the voice prompter to prompt the odor type of the current odor stimulation pipeline to the patient, and controlling the electric control switch of the nth odor stimulation pipeline to be turned on to start timing;
step H, after the set second timing time length is reached, controlling the electric control switch of the nth odor stimulation pipeline to be closed, and controlling the voice prompter to stop prompting the odor type of the current odor stimulation pipeline to the patient;
step I, controlling an electric control switch in a blank stimulation pipeline to be opened, and starting timing;
and step J, after the set third timing time is reached, controlling an electric control switch in the blank stimulation pipeline to be closed.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the odor stimulation line further comprises: the sucking pump is used for sucking the smell training gas with the smell remained in the smell stimulation pipeline after the smell stimulation pipeline is closed; the controller is also in signal connection with the pump and is also used for executing the following control logic to control the pump: step I further comprises: before starting timing, controlling the suction pump of the nth odor stimulation pipeline to start; step J further comprises: and after the set third timing time is reached, controlling the suction pump of the nth odor stimulation pipeline to be closed.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control logic of the controller: step G is preceded by: step F, initializing a pipeline sequence number n=1 and initializing a cycle sequence number m=1; step J further comprises the following steps: step K, when N is less than N 2 When n=n+1, step G is performed; when n=n 2 And when M is less than M, setting n=1, and m=m+1, and executing the step G; wherein M is the set number of circulation wheels.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second timing time is less than 10s; the third timing time is greater than or equal to 30s.
(III) beneficial effects
According to the technical scheme, the olfactory training instrument for the person has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) The closed mask is added, so that the smell can directly act on the olfactory organ of the patient, the smell for training can be fully utilized to generate enough stimulus to the smell of the patient, the interference of other smells in the environment is avoided, meanwhile, the smell pollution to the environment is avoided, and the smell mixing and smell adaptation are avoided;
(2) The voice prompt function is added, and the type of the current smell is forcefully and repeatedly prompted to the patient during the training of the patient, so that the patient gradually forms memory for the corresponding smell, and the training effect is ensured;
(3) A timing switch (or an electric control switch), a flowmeter and an air pump are added in each odor stimulation pipeline, so that the air supply time, the stimulation intensity and the air supply purity are accurately controlled, the treatment experience of a patient is greatly enhanced, and the treatment effect is improved;
(4) The blank stimulation pipeline is added, the patient is given humidified air, and the patient is given rest after the odor is stimulated for 10 seconds, so that the patient is prevented from being subjected to olfactory adaptation. Meanwhile, the mask is not taken off when the patient has a rest, so that the fluency and the comfortableness of training are improved;
(5) The controller is added to automatically control the parts such as the earphone, the timing switch, the air pump and the like, and the burden of medical staff is greatly reduced on the premise of ensuring the treatment effect.
To sum up, this openly the people can carry out olfactory training to patient's smell automatically with olfactory training appearance, and it is simpler and more convenient to operate, and is more friendly to the patient simultaneously, and training effect is better.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a human olfactory training apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a controller executing control logic according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[ in the drawings, the main reference numerals of the embodiments of the present disclosure ]
100-air compression pump;
210. 220, 230, 240-odour-stimulating circuit; 250-blank stimulating pipeline
211-pressure gas inlet pipe; 212-a timing switch; 213-odor solution bottle;
214-a gas outlet pipe; 215-a flow meter; 216-an air pump;
217-solution cotton pad; 218-purified water
300-warmer;
400-nasal mask;
500-voice prompter;
601-a switch; 602-repeat bond; 603-power connection.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a smell training appearance for people utilizes this smell training appearance for people to carry out the smell training to the patient, can make full use of clean single smell produce sufficient stimulus to patient's smell, has avoided the interference of other smell in the environment, and this smell training appearance for people can also prompt patient's smell and the kind of smell simultaneously, helps the patient to form strong memory, strengthens the effect of smell training.
For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles and advantages of the disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, an olfactory exercise machine for a person is provided. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a human olfactory training apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the olfactory training instrument for a person of the present embodiment includes:
an air compression pump 100 for supplying air having a certain pressure;
5 gas supply lines (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) whose rear ends are respectively and independently connected to the air compression pumps 100 for respectively and independently supplying olfactory training gas in the air supplied from the air compression pumps 100;
a warmer 300 provided at the periphery of the front ends of the 5 gas supply lines (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) for heating the olfactory training gas supplied from the 5 gas supply lines (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) before acting on the olfactory organ of the patient;
a nasal mask 400 connected to front ends of 5 gas supply lines (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) for applying olfactory training gas generated by one of the 5 gas supply lines to olfactory organs of a patient;
a voice prompter 500 for prompting the patient of the smell type of the olfactory training gas currently acting on the olfactory organ of the patient in the form of voice;
a controller (not shown) signally connected to the relevant components of the air compression pump 100, the 4 gas supply lines (210, 220, 230, 240, 250), the warmer 300, the voice prompt 500, etc., for controlling the co-operation of the plurality of devices.
The following describes each component of the human olfactory training apparatus of this embodiment in detail.
Referring to fig. 1, a nasal mask 400 is placed over the nose of a patient to be in close contact with the face of the patient, and a porous odor input hole is provided at the bottom of the nasal mask. The nasal mask is added, so that the smell can directly act on the olfactory organ of a patient, the training smell can be fully utilized, enough stimulus is generated on the olfactory organ of a patient with dysosmia, the interference of other smells in the environment is avoided, meanwhile, the smell pollution is not caused to the environment, the smell mixing and the smell adaptation are avoided, and the olfactory training effect is improved.
The 5 gas supply lines (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) are independently connected to the nasal mask 400. Compared with the technical scheme that 4 gas supply pipelines are gathered into one path before reaching the nasal mask, the nasal mask is independently connected with the nasal mask, so that the loss of smell can be reduced as much as possible, and meanwhile, the probability of mixing different smell is reduced to the minimum.
Referring to fig. 1,5 gas supply lines (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) include: 4 odor stimulation lines (210, 220, 230, 240) and 1 blank stimulation line 250. Wherein the odor stimulating lines (210, 220, 230, 240) are used to provide odor-bearing olfactory training gas, respectively. The blank stimulation line 250 is used to provide an olfactory training gas without a scent.
In this example, 4 odor stimulating lines (210, 220, 230, 240) provide rose, eucalyptus, lemon and clove odors, i.e., phenethyl alcohol, eucalyptol, citronellal and eugenol, respectively. In addition, the person skilled in the art can also change or increase or decrease the odor stimulating pipeline according to different requirements, and adjust the concentration of the odor according to the requirements, which will not be described in detail here.
In the embodiment, the 4 odor stimulating pipelines (210, 220, 230, 240) have the same structure and the same working principle, and are independently supplied with four kinds of non-ventilation odors. The odor stimulating circuit 210, one of which provides a rose odor, is described below as an example.
Referring to fig. 1, the odor stimulation line 210 includes: a pressure gas inlet pipe 211, a timing switch 212, a scent solution bottle 213, a gas outlet pipe 214, a flow meter 215 and an air pump 216.
Therein, an odor releasing material such as an odor releasing solution, a cotton pad impregnated with an odor solution, or the like is placed in the odor solution bottle 213. In this embodiment a solution pad 217 impregnated with an odor solution. Two holes are formed in the sealing cap of the odor solution bottle 213, and a long tube and a short tube are inserted respectively. The pressure gas inlet line 211 is connected to the long tube. The short tube is connected to a gas outlet tube 214. The insertion length of the long tube is 1cm above the solution cotton pad in the odor solution bottle, and the insertion length of the short tube is 1cm below the bottle mouth. The pressure gas enters the smell solution bottle 213 through the pressure gas inlet pipe 211 and the long pipe, blows through the solution cotton pad, and the smell training gas with smell in the smell solution bottle 213 is output to the nasal mask 400 through the gas output pipe 214.
It should be clear to those skilled in the art that, regarding the type of the odor solution bottle, the number of holes, the number of tubes, the opening position, the insertion depth, etc., may be adjusted according to the actual situation, and are not limited to the above embodiments. In addition, other kinds of odor stimulating pipes, such as integrated odor stimulating pipes for commercial use, may be employed in addition to the odor stimulating pipe of the present embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, a timing switch 212 is disposed on the pressure gas inlet pipe 211. The timing switch 212 is used to control the flow of pressure gas into the tube: the pressure gas can enter the odor solution bottle 213 through the pressure gas within a set period of time after the pressure gas is opened, and is closed after the set period of time is reached, thereby cutting off the passage of the pressure gas into the odor solution bottle. In this embodiment, the set duration is 10s. The treatment time of the patient can be conveniently adjusted through the timing switch, and the frequency of different odor training can be controlled, so that the method is very beneficial to the treatment of the olfactory disorder of the patient.
Of course, in this embodiment, the timing function of the timing switch is implemented by itself. In fact, the timing switch may also be an electronically controlled switch, i.e. the controller controls the opening and closing of the electronically controlled switch, and the controller implements the timing function, which is more advantageous for automated operation.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow meter 215 is disposed on the gas outlet conduit 214. The flow meter 215 is used to control the flow of olfactory training gas containing a rose scent through the gas outlet conduit 214.
The purpose of the flow meter 215 is also to allow for treatment of the patient. Different nasal ventilation conditions and nasal airflow of different patients. No other gas supplement is provided due to the provision of the nasal mask to provide the patient with olfactory training gas. If the nasal cavity ventilation of the patient is poor and the air flow is small, the larger air flow stimulates the nasal cavity of the patient, and the patient cannot receive training; if the nasal cavity of the patient is ventilated well, the air flow is large, the smell cannot fully contact the smell area due to the small air flow, the training effect is reduced, and meanwhile, the patient is likely to feel suffocated by too small air flow. At this time, the flow meter 215 can well control the air flow rate of the air, and the comfort and the stimulation effect of the patient can be increased according to the tolerance air flow rate adjustment of the patient.
In this embodiment, the flow meter 215 controls the flow of air into the nasal mask to a level of 5L/min for a typical patient with dyssmia.
Referring to fig. 1, a suction pump 216 is disposed on the gas outlet pipe 214. The pump 216 is used to pump the smell training gas remaining in the smell stimulation line 210 clean when the smell stimulation line 210 is not required to provide smell training smell.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the front ends of the 4 odor stimulating pipelines (210, 220, 230, 240) respectively and independently supply the olfactory training gas to the nasal mask 400, instead of the ends of the multiple odor stimulating pipelines being unified into one main pipeline, so as to avoid mixing various odors or generating interactions among different odor molecules to generate unknown substances, and increase the unknowns to the training effect. For each smell stimulation pipeline, an independent air pump is arranged, so that the smell of the current smell training gas can be prevented from being disturbed.
In this embodiment, 1 blank stimulation line 250 is provided. The blank stimulation line 250 differs from the other 4 odorous stimulation lines in that:
(1) No suction pump is arranged in the pipeline;
(2) Filled in the scent solution bottle is purified water 218 to provide humidified, odorless air to the patient as an olfactory training gas. Typically, the relative humidity of this air is typically between 40 and 50% in view of patient comfort.
To prevent the patient from developing olfactory accommodation, the void is given a rest after 10 seconds of scent challenge. In this case, it is also possible if the patient is allowed to take off the nasal mask. However, frequent wearing and removal of the nasal mask can place a significant burden on the patient. The blank stimulation pipeline is added, and smell training air without smell can be given when the gap is at rest, so that the trouble of frequently wearing and picking the nose mask is avoided, and the fluency of the whole training process is improved.
When the odor stimulating pipeline gives odor stimulation, other odor stimulating pipelines suck the odorous olfactory training gas when the humidified odorless olfactory training air is given, so that the odorous gas in the nasal mask quickly disappears, the purity of the odor is ensured, and the olfactory training gas cleaning process is quickened. The whole process is to require the patient to inhale through the nasal cavity and exhale through the oral cavity.
Referring to fig. 1, the gas output lines of the 5 gas supply lines (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) are 5 thin flexible tubes that form a soft odour output manifold before reaching the nasal mask. The 5 hoses in the odor outlet manifold independently deliver odors. The warmer 300 is arranged on the path of the odor output header pipe and is used for improving the temperature of the olfactory training gas output by each gas output pipe, preventing the gas temperature from being low, enabling the patient to be intolerant and improving the olfactory training effect of the patient.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the pressure gas outlet of the air compressor 100 is connected to a vent pipe, and the vent pipe ends are divided into five branched vent pipes, which are respectively connected to the pressure gas inlet pipes of the 5 gas supply pipes (210, 220, 230, 240, 250). In this embodiment, the air pressure of the pressure gas supplied from the air compressor pump 100 is about 200kPa. The pressure gas may be air or other gases tolerated by the human body, such as oxygen.
In this embodiment, for the case that a part of patients forget or ignore the step of memorizing the smell names, which results in a great discount on the training effect, a voice prompt 500 is further added for prompting the patient of the type of the current smell in a voice manner, so as to prompt the patient to gradually memorize the corresponding smell. In order to avoid affecting other patients while ensuring the therapeutic effect, the voice prompter 500 takes the form of an earphone that forcibly repeatedly prompts the type and time of the smell given to a certain smell stimulation line, so that the patient deepens the memory of the smell.
In this embodiment, in order to reduce the burden on the medical staff, a controller is added so that the apparatus can automatically provide the treatment service to the patient after the doctor makes the relevant settings. In order to cooperate with the controller, the timing switch is set as an electric control switch. The control terminals of the air compressor 100, the plurality of electric control switches, the air pump and the warmer are all connected to the controller in a signal manner. For the electric control switch, the timing function is completed by the controller, and is opened after receiving an opening signal of the controller and closed after receiving a closing signal of the controller.
Before the olfactory training is formally started, the power connector 603 is connected to a power supply, the switch 601 is turned on, and the olfactory training is started. In this embodiment, the preset continuous two rounds of smell stimulus training, if repeated, the repeated key 602 is pressed, and the person will repeat the stimulus process with the smell training device.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a controller executing control logic according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 2, the controller executes the following control logic to control the electronic control switch, the air compressor, the air pump, the compressor, etc., thereby completing the olfactory training:
step A, checking whether the electric control switches in the 5 gas supply pipelines are all in a closed state, if not, executing the step B; if yes, executing the step C;
step B, closing an electric control switch in a non-closing state, pumping air for 2min by an air pump of a corresponding odor stimulation pipeline, and executing the step A;
step C, controlling the air compression pump 100 to start;
at this time, the voice prompter prompts the patient to wear the nasal mask, prompts the patient to inhale through the nose and exhale through the mouth. At this time, the medical staff can also synchronously guide and assist the patient to perform correct operation.
Step D, controlling an electric control switch in the blank stimulation pipeline 250 to be opened and starting timing;
the air compression pump gives out pressure gas which enters the blank stimulation pipeline 250, the pressure gas enters the odor solution bottle containing purified water from the pressure gas inlet pipe, after the gas is humidified, the flow is controlled by the flowmeter to keep the air flow at the level of 5L/min and enters the nasal mask according to the set value, and the giving time is 2 minutes.
At the same time, the control voice prompt 500 presents the patient with notes during operation of the olfactory trainer and adapts the patient to nasal mask airflow. If the patient feels uncomfortable to the air flow, the air flow is regulated by the flowmeter according to the tolerance degree of the patient.
And E, after the first set time length is reached, controlling the electric control switch in the blank stimulation pipeline 250 to be closed.
In this embodiment, after 2 minutes, the blank stimulus line 250 is closed after the electronically controlled switch of the blank stimulus line 250 is up. At the same time, the voice prompter 500 is controlled to stop broadcasting.
Step F, initializing initial values of a pipeline serial number n and a cycle number m, wherein n=1, and m=2;
step G, controlling the voice prompter 500 to repeatedly prompt the patient of smell and smell, controlling the electric control switch of the nth smell stimulation pipeline to be opened, and starting timing;
specifically, in this embodiment, according to the preset setting, the electric control switch of the nth odor stimulating pipeline is turned on, the pressure gas is pumped into the odor solution bottle, the electric flowmeter controls the air flow to enter the nasal mask at a level of 5L/min (or the patient tolerance air flow), and the voice repeatedly prompts the patient of odor and what odor.
Step H, after the set second timing time length is reached, controlling an electric control switch of the nth odor stimulation pipeline to be closed, and controlling a voice prompt device to stop prompting the odor type of the current odor stimulation pipeline to a patient, and prompting the patient to finish the nth odor stimulation training instead;
in this embodiment, the second time period is set to 10 seconds. After the scent stimulus given to the patient for 10s, the scent stimulus is interpreted, while the voice prompt is ended.
Step I, controlling an electric control switch in the blank stimulation pipeline 250 to be turned on; controlling the air pump of the nth odor stimulation pipeline to work and starting timing;
specifically, in this embodiment, the electronically controlled switch of the blank stimulation line 250 is turned on again to give the patient a humidified odorless olfactory training gas for 30 seconds. And during the period, the air sucking pump of the nth odor stimulation pipeline is controlled to work, and residual gas in the current odor stimulation pipeline is sucked out.
Step J, after the set third timing time is reached, closing an electric control switch in the blank stimulation pipeline 250;
it should be noted that the set time period in the blank stimulating circuit 250 and the set time period in the other smell stimulating circuit may be different.
Step K, judging whether to continue circulation, specifically:
if n < 4, n=n+1, step G is performed;
if n=4 and m < 2, setting n=1 and m=m+1, and executing step G;
if n=4 and m=2, the patient and the medical staff are prompted that the olfactory training is finished.
If retraining is desired, the repeat key 602 on the instrument needs to be pressed and re-execution from step G will occur.
It should be noted that, aiming at the light and heavy symptom of the dysosmia of the patient, the medical staff can adjust the set values of the odor stimulating duration in each stage, namely the first set duration, the second set duration and the third set duration. Taking human body characteristics into consideration, the second timing time is less than 10s; the third timing time is greater than or equal to 30s. The flowmeter can also be adjusted to adjust the flow of olfactory training gas to provide personalized training settings of different stimulus intensities.
So far, the person of the embodiment finishes the introduction by using the olfactory training instrument.
Thus, embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the drawings or the text of the specification, implementations not shown or described are all forms known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and not described in detail. Furthermore, the above definitions of the elements and methods are not limited to the specific structures, shapes or modes mentioned in the embodiments, and may be modified or replaced simply by one skilled in the art, for example:
(1) The 4 odor stimulating tubes can be increased or decreased as required;
(2) The nasal mask can be replaced by an oral-nasal mask or other types of closed masks, and can be used for olfactory stimulation in the olfactory region and after the nose;
(3) In addition to air compression pumps, a source of gas may be used to provide the pressurized gas;
(4) The number of the odor stimulating lines and the blank stimulating lines may be adjusted as needed, and is not necessarily limited to the above embodiments.
From the above description, those skilled in the art will be aware of the present disclosure of an olfactory training apparatus.
In summary, the present disclosure provides a human olfactory training apparatus specially for treating human olfactory disorder, which aims at the characteristics of human body, and adds components such as nasal mask, voice prompter, warmer, controller, etc., so as to improve the treatment effect, improve the treatment experience of patients, reduce the burden of medical staff, and reflect well in all aspects in the development process, and has very strong practicality and popularization and application value.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail for purposes of clarity of understanding, it will be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and that any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (7)
1. An olfactory training apparatus for a person, comprising:
n gas supply lines for providing olfactory training gas, n+.gtoreq.2, respectively, independently, the gas supply lines include:
the N gas supply lines include: a blank stimulation line for providing an olfactory training gas without odor; n (N) 2 A smell stimulating pipeline for providing smell training gas with smell, N 2 > 2; the N is 2 The odor stimulating lines are numbered 1, 2, … …, N 2 ；
The pipeline switch is a timing switch or an electric control switch, and is communicated with a gas supply pipeline in which the pipeline switch is positioned in an opening state; and closing the gas supply pipeline in the closed state;
a flowmeter for providing the gas flow in the pipeline according to the smell where the user can tolerate the gas flow adjustment;
the voice prompter is used for prompting the smell type of the olfactory training gas which is currently acted on the olfactory organ of the patient to the patient in a voice mode;
the closed mask is connected to the front ends of the N gas supply pipelines and is used for enabling olfactory training gas generated by one gas supply pipeline to act on olfactory organs of a patient;
the controller is in signal connection with the voice prompt and the electric control switch and is used for controlling the voice prompt and the electric control switch;
the controller is used for executing the following control logic to control the voice prompter and the electric control switch:
step G, controlling the voice prompter to prompt the odor type of the current odor stimulation pipeline to the patient, and controlling the electric control switch of the nth odor stimulation pipeline to be turned on to start timing;
step H, after the set second timing time length is reached, controlling the electric control switch of the nth odor stimulation pipeline to be closed, and controlling the voice prompter to stop prompting the odor type of the current odor stimulation pipeline to the patient;
step I, controlling an electric control switch in a blank stimulation pipeline to be opened, and starting timing;
step J, after the set third timing time is reached, controlling an electric control switch in the blank stimulation pipeline to be closed;
the odor stimulation line further includes: the sucking pump is used for sucking the smell training gas with the smell remained in the smell stimulation pipeline after the smell stimulation pipeline is closed; the controller is also in signal connection with the air pump and is also used for executing the following control logic to control the air pump: the step I further comprises the following steps: before starting timing, controlling the suction pump of the nth odor stimulation pipeline to start; the step J further comprises the following steps: after the set third timing time is reached, the air extracting pump of the nth odor stimulation pipeline is controlled to be closed;
the control logic of the controller is as follows: the step G is preceded by the following steps: step F, initializing a pipeline sequence number n=1 and initializing a cycle sequence number m=1; the step J further comprises the following steps: step K, when N is less than N 2 When n=n+1, step G is performed; when n=n 2 And when M < M, setting n=1, m=m+1, and executing the step G; wherein M is the set number of circulation wheels;
the second timing time is less than 10s; and the third timing time is longer than or equal to 30s.
2. The human olfactory trainer of claim 1, wherein:
the closed type mask is a nasal mask or an oral-nasal mask; and/or
The front ends of the N gas supply pipelines are respectively and independently connected into the closed type mask.
3. The human olfactory trainer of claim 1, wherein the voice prompt is an earphone or a speaker.
4. The human olfactory trainer of claim 1, further comprising:
the warmer is arranged at the periphery of the front ends of the N smell providing pipelines and is used for heating the smell training gas provided by the N smell providing pipelines before acting on the olfactory organs of the patient.
5. The human olfactory trainer of claim 1, wherein:
the olfactory training instrument further comprises: a gas source for providing pressurized air;
the scent-providing circuit further includes: a pressure gas inlet pipe, a smell container and a gas output pipe, wherein the rear end of the pressure gas inlet pipe is connected to the gas source, and the front end of the pressure gas inlet pipe is inserted into the smell container; the rear end of the gas output pipe is connected to the odor container, and the front end of the gas output pipe is connected to the closed mask;
wherein, the flowmeter set up in the gas output tube, the pipeline switch set up in the pressure gas admission pipe.
6. The human olfactory trainer of claim 1, the N gas supply lines comprising:
N 1 a blank stimulation line for providing an olfactory training gas without odor;
N 2 a smell stimulating pipeline for providing smell training gas with smell;
wherein N is 1 ≧1，N 2 ≧2，N 1 +N 2 ≤N。
7. The human olfactory trainer of claim 6, wherein:
the relative humidity of the smell training gas without smell is between 40% and 50%;
the odor stimulation line includes: and the air pump is used for extracting the smell training gas with the smell remained in the smell stimulation pipeline after the smell stimulation pipeline is closed.
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| CN110558949B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2022-07-29 | 首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院 | Automatic olfaction training or testing device and application thereof |
| CN113100787B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2023-01-17 | 天津大学 | Multi-path crosstalk-free odor stimulator and stimulation method based on odor stimulator |
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