CN107576395A - A kind of multispectral camera lens, multispectral survey device and its scaling method - Google Patents
A kind of multispectral camera lens, multispectral survey device and its scaling method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of multispectral camera lens, multispectral survey device and its scaling method, the multispectral camera lens includes including filter arrays successively along its optical path direction, microlens array and field stop, filter arrays, microlens array and field stop are fixedly installed in structure member, the microlens array includes multiple lens units, the filter arrays include multiple filter arrays units being correspondingly arranged with microlens array multiple lens units, the field stop includes the multiple field stop light holes being correspondingly arranged with multiple lens units of microlens array, the lens unit being correspondingly arranged, filter arrays unit is consistent with the optical axis of field stop light hole, the imaging region separation of each lens unit of microlens array.By the device of the present invention, the multispectral amount of radiation information of measurement target can be obtained, solves the problems, such as in transmission spectra measuring system that device is complicated, expensive etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to multispectral survey technology, and in particular to a kind of multispectral camera lens, multispectral survey device and its mark
Determine method.
Background technology
Spectral technique can obtain the physical attribute information for disclosing target essence, widely should have in optical remote sensing field
With.But transmission spectra measuring system adds point colour cell part such as interferometer, grating, optical filter in the optical path, and light path is complicated, device valency
Lattice are expensive, are unfavorable for popularization and application.
For example, disclose a kind of spectral measurement device, the spectral measurement in Chinese patent literature CN106404684A
Device includes more bandwidth filters, optical filter, microlens array etc., wherein, before more bandwidth filters and filter array
Side sets lens module, and multiple microlens arrays are set on filter array.Microlens array is multiband light beam B2 to be gathered
Jiao is in optical filter or sensing array element.In the program, by the cooperation of filter array and microlens array, so that described
Spectral measurement device can be used to detect the two-dimension spectrum of target sample, and can promote the resolution of the spectrum image of sample.
However, the device in above-mentioned patent document is expensive, light path is complicated, complicated, is unfavorable for extensive use.
The content of the invention
In order to solve in background technology the problem of device is complicated in transmission spectra measuring system, expensive etc., the present invention
Embodiment provides a kind of multispectral camera lens, includes filter arrays, microlens array and visual field light successively along its optical path direction
Door screen, filter arrays, microlens array and field stop are fixedly installed in structure member, and the microlens array includes multiple
Lens unit, the filter arrays include multiple filter arrays being correspondingly arranged with microlens array multiple lens units
Unit, the field stop include the multiple field stop light holes being correspondingly arranged with multiple lens units of microlens array,
Lens unit, the filter arrays unit being correspondingly arranged are consistent with the optical axis of field stop light hole, microlens array it is each
The imaging region separation of mirror unit.
Further, the multispectral camera lens also includes aperture diaphragm, and aperture diaphragm is arranged on filter arrays and lenticule
Between array, the aperture diaphragm includes the multiple aperture diaphragm thang-kngs being correspondingly arranged with multiple lens units of microlens array
Hole, the lens unit being correspondingly arranged, aperture diaphragm light hole, the optical axis one of filter arrays unit and field stop light hole
Cause.
Further, the energy of the corresponding spectrum of the size of each aperture diaphragm light hole matches.
Further, the size of the aperture diaphragm light hole of the aperture diaphragm is less than or equal to its corresponding microlens array
The size of lens unit.
Further, the lens unit of the microlens array be one chip non-spherical lens, one chip GRIN Lens or
Multiple-piece spherical lens group, the focal plane of each lens unit of the microlens array is in one plane.
Further, the field size of the corresponding spectrum of the size of the field stop light hole matches.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of multispectral survey device, including measurement apparatus body and light more as described above
Compose camera lens, the multispectral camera lens by structure member be fixed to measurement apparatus body on, in measurement apparatus body have with it is more
The imaging detector that spectrum camera lens is correspondingly arranged, imaging detector are located on the focal plane of multispectral survey camera lens.
Further, the size for the lens array that multiple lens units are formed is not more than the measurement body of multispectral survey device
In imaging detector target surface size.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of scaling method of multispectral survey device as described above, including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：The image planes region corresponding to each lens unit is determined on imaging detector, obtains each lens unit
Corresponding N number of pixel；
Step 2：Multispectral survey device gathers image under full dark background, obtains each lens unit in imaging detector
Upper each pixel n into image gray value An(x, y), wherein, n=1 ... ... N, (x, y) is pixel point coordinates；
Step 3：Multispectral survey device gathers uniform bright-field image, obtains each lens unit institute on imaging detector
Into each pixel n of image gray value Tn(x,y)；
Step 4：It is determined that each image rectification coefficient of the lens unit on each pixel of imaging：
Step 5：Obtain image rectification formula of each lens unit on each pixel n of imaging：
Fn(x, y)=[Fn0(x,y)-An(x,y)]*Hn(x, y),
Wherein, Fn0(x, y) be multispectral survey device on imaging detector into image actual grey value, Fn(x,
Y) gray value after correction is represented.
Further, the uniform brightness is uniform light field integrating sphere, uniform blank or uniform hawk.
The embodiment of the present invention has advantages below：
1. using the multispectral camera lens of device of the embodiment of the present invention, the spectral radiance value of target can be obtained, and can obtain
To the image of target；
2. filter arrays are readily replaceable, so as to realize channel change；
3. the present apparatus realizes that spectral measurement method is simple, cost is cheap；
4. it is compatible with existing camera device existing interface, it is easy to spread.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the cross section structure figure of the multispectral survey device of the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 shows the cross section structure figure of the multispectral camera lens of Fig. 1 multispectral survey device；
Fig. 3 a show the plane structure chart of the filter arrays of Fig. 2 multispectral camera lens；
Fig. 3 b show the plane structure chart of the aperture diaphragm of Fig. 2 multispectral camera lens；
Fig. 3 c show the plane structure chart of the microlens array of Fig. 2 multispectral camera lens；
Fig. 3 d show the plane structure chart of the field stop of Fig. 2 multispectral camera lens.
Symbol description：
The imaging detector of 1 filter arrays, 2 aperture diaphragm, 3 microlens array, 4 field stop, 5 structure member 6
11 be the lens unit of the microlens array of aperture diaphragm light hole 33 of the aperture diaphragm of filter arrays unit 22
The field stop light hole of 44 field stops
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.But those skilled in the art know, the invention is not limited in accompanying drawing and following reality
Apply example.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the multispectral survey device of the embodiment of the present invention includes multispectral camera lens and measurement apparatus body.
Multispectral camera lens includes filter arrays 1, aperture diaphragm 2, microlens array 3 and field stop 4 successively along its optical path direction, filter
Filter Array 1, aperture diaphragm 2, microlens array 3 and field stop 4 are fixedly installed in structure member 5, pass through structure member 5
Fixed on measurement apparatus body.There is the imaging detector 6 being correspondingly arranged with multispectral camera lens, imaging in measurement apparatus body
Detector 6 is located on the focal plane of multispectral survey camera lens.
Hereinafter, the multispectral camera lens of the multispectral survey device of reference picture 2 and Fig. 3 a-3d to the embodiment of the present invention is said
It is bright.
As shown in Figure 3 c, the microlens array 3 includes multiple lens units 33.Preferably, Jiao of microlens array 3 puts down
Face is a plane, i.e., each focal plane of lens unit 33 is consistent；Multiple lens units 33 are arranged in square in a manner of 3*3
Microlens array.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that multiple lens units 33 can arrange growth in a manner of 4*4,4*6
Square microlens array, it can also otherwise arrange the microlens array of the shapes such as diamondwise, circle.Lens unit 33 can
To be one chip non-spherical lens, one chip GRIN Lens or multiple-piece spherical lens group.What multiple lens units 33 were formed
Target surface size of the size of lens array 3 no more than the imaging detector 6 in the measurement body of multispectral survey device.
As shown in Figure 3 b, the aperture diaphragm 2 is correspondingly arranged more including multiple lens units 33 with microlens array 3
Individual aperture diaphragm light hole 22, the energy of the corresponding spectrum of the size of each aperture diaphragm light hole 22 match,
So that intensity of illumination of each spectral coverage on imaging detector 6 is consistent.For example, there are 9 optical filters in filter arrays, wherein two
Individual is 900nm optical filters, 600nm optical filters respectively.Due to shadows such as solar spectrum energy distribution and optical filter transmitance, bandwidth
Ring, when causing same pore size, the light energy that 900nm optical filters pass through is 4 times that 600nm optical filters pass through light energy
(non-real data, example).Meanwhile clear aperture radius size square is proportional to energy, we can be by setting 600nm
Clear aperture radius be twice of 900nm so that as the intensity of illumination that 900nm and 600nm eventually arrive at image planes is.This
Outside, in order that must be the light of same spectral coverage by the light of each aperture diaphragm light hole 22, it be preferable to provide aperture diaphragm 2
The size of aperture diaphragm light hole 22 is less than or equal to the size of the lens unit 33 of its corresponding microlens array 3.
As shown in Figure 3 a, the filter arrays 1 include multiple corresponding with multiple lens units 33 of microlens array 3 set
The filter arrays unit 11 put, the unit size of each filter arrays unit 11 are more than or equal to corresponding aperture diaphragm 2
Aperture diaphragm light hole 22 thang-kng size so that a corresponding optical filter is all first passed through by the light of aperture diaphragm light hole 22
Array element 11 is filtered.Selection of the selection of filter arrays unit 11 depending on spectrum channel.
As shown in Figure 3 d, the field stop 4 is correspondingly arranged more including multiple lens units 33 with microlens array 3
Individual field stop light hole 44, the field size of the corresponding spectrum of the size of field stop light hole 44 match,
So that imaging region separation of each lens unit 33 of microlens array 3 on focal plane.
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 3 d, multispectral camera lens is fixed on measurement apparatus body by structure member 5 thereon.Optical filter
Array 1, aperture diaphragm 2, microlens array 3 and field stop 4 are fixedly installed in structure member 5 according to light through relation,
The filter arrays unit 11, the aperture diaphragm light hole 22, described field stop light hole 44 and lens array list
Member 33 corresponds according to thang-kng relation, ensures each passage without blocking light.Multispectral camera lens uses standard interface (such as C mouths, CS
Mouth, F mouths, M12 mouths etc.) it is connected on the measurement apparatus body for including imaging detector 6, and multispectral lens imaging is existed
On the photosurface of the imaging detector 6, adjustment field stop 4 make it that being imaged on for each passage is misaligned on focal plane, carries out
Multispectral survey.
Multispectral camera lens according to embodiments of the present invention and its measurement apparatus, pass through filter arrays 1 and the lenticule
Array 3 forms multispectral lens array, by the picture of scenery different spectral coverage at the diverse location of focal plane, from diverse location
The part that corresponding same scenery is chosen as in is analyzed, and can obtain the spectral reflectance values or spectral radiance value of scenery.
It is inconsistent due to each pixel response on the imaging detector 6 of multispectral survey device, output can be caused to scheme
As being had differences between pixel grey scale.Also, the unwanted picture part of some can also in some cases, be superimposed in image (also may be used
It is regarded as background), or, there is also the factor that some influence imaging in light path, as detector surface is stained with dust, can also be considered as into
As the pixel response of detector 6, output image is influenceed.Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention also proposes a kind of as described above multispectral
The scaling method of measurement apparatus, using methods described to multispectral survey device normalization after, preferable imaging effect can be obtained.
The scaling method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The visual field corresponding to each lens unit 33 is determined on imaging detector 6, i.e., each lens unit 33
Corresponding image planes region, obtains N number of pixel corresponding to each lens unit 33, for each on imaging detector 6
Lens unit 33, the quantity of its corresponding pixel may be different.
Step 2：Multispectral survey device gathers image under full dark background, obtains each lens unit 33 in imaging detection
On device into image each pixel n gray value An(x, y), n=1 ... ... N, (x, y) is pixel point coordinates.Actually adopting
During collection, the lens cap of multispectral camera lens can be covered, multispectral survey device carries out background image data collection, obtains every
The gray value A of each pixel of the individual background image of lens unit 33n(x,y)。
Step 3：Multispectral survey device gathers uniform bright-field image, obtains each lens unit 33 on imaging detector
Into image each pixel n gray value Tn(x, y), n=1 ... ... N, (x, y) is pixel point coordinates.In actual acquisition mistake
Cheng Zhong, multispectral survey device can gather image to uniform light field integrating sphere, uniform blank or uniform hawk, obtain each
The gray value T of each pixel of the image of mirror unit 33n(x,y)。
Step 4：It is determined that each image rectification coefficient of the lens unit 33 on each pixel of imaging：
Wherein, Hn(x, y), n=1 ... ... N, (x, y) is pixel point coordinates；
Step 5：Obtain image rectification formula of each lens unit 33 on each pixel of imaging：
F (x, y)=[Fn(x,y)-An(x,y)]*Hn(x, y),
Wherein, Fn(x, y) be multispectral survey device on imaging detector 6 into image actual grey value, F (x,
Y) gray value after correction, H are representedn(x, y), n=1 ... ... N, (x, y) is pixel point coordinates.
The method that multispectral data measurement is carried out to the multispectral survey device using the embodiment of the present invention below is said
It is bright.Exemplified by carrying out phenological observation to tree crown, it is assumed that imaging detector pixel count is 2048*2048, the microlens array bag
3*3 lens unit is included, the imaging detector focal plane scope of each lens unit covering is the border circular areas of the pixel of diameter 600.
Using the multispectral survey device of the embodiment of the present invention to object scene --- tree crown carries out multispectral survey, and measurement can adopt
Both of which is taken, one kind is multispectral probe measurement pattern, and another kind is multispectral imaging measurement pattern.
Multispectral probe measurement mode step is：
First, multispectral survey device is demarcated as described above, will not be described here.
Secondly, regulation multispectral survey device and the distance of tree crown distance, are imaged, visual field can cover single to tree crown
Tree crown or whole tree or more trees.The scene image of different spectral coverage is distributed on imaging detector in 3*3, and due to lens unit
Between spacing it is smaller, each spectral coverage image parallactic very little.
Then, region interested is arbitrarily chosen in the image scene of multispectral survey device collection, such as tree crown
Certain part, the image of interest regions of corresponding 9 spectral coverages be respectively X11, X12, X13, X21, X22, X23, X31, X32,
X33, the image of interest of 9 spectral coverages correspond to a same part for tree crown.Pixel count shared by the image of interest of each spectral coverage is N, N
Generally higher than 100*100.The multispectral sensing carried out compared to conventional point probe, the multispectral survey of the embodiment of the present invention
Device intuitively can arbitrarily choose area-of-interest.
Finally, respective picture in the width image of X11, X12, X13, X21, X22, X23, X31, X32, X33 nine is calculated respectively
Element DN average values, so as to obtain averaged spectrum signal DN11, DN12 of each spectrum channel, DN13, DN21, DN22, DN23,
DN31、DN32、DN33.Averaged spectrum signal is averaged to obtain by the DN values of N number of pixel, is reduced the influence of random noise, is carried
The high signal to noise ratio of output signal.The multispectral sensing carried out compared to conventional point probe, its signal to noise ratio improveTimes.
The step of multispectral imaging measurement pattern is：
First, multispectral survey device is demarcated as described above, will not be described here.
Secondly, regulation multispectral survey device and the distance of tree crown distance, are imaged, visual field can cover single to tree crown
Tree crown or whole tree or more trees.The scene image of different spectral coverage is distributed in 3*3 on the detector, and its image-region is respectively
T11、T12、T13、T21、T22、T23、T31、T32、T33.Because the spacing between lens unit is smaller, each spectral coverage image parallactic
Very little.
Then, image registration is carried out to each spectral coverage image T11, T12, T13, T21, T22, T23, T31, T32, T33, obtained
Multispectral image.
To sum up, detailed description has been made to this method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, however, these descriptions are to show
Example property, various modifications and change can be made under the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art will recognize that without departing from this
Invention objective and spirit, these modifications and change made all should belong to scope of the invention and fall into the protection model of the present invention
Among enclosing, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multispectral camera lens, it is characterised in that include filter arrays, microlens array successively along its optical path direction and regard
Field diaphragm, filter arrays, microlens array and field stop are fixedly installed in structure member,
The microlens array includes multiple lens units, and the filter arrays include multiple multiple with microlens array
The filter arrays unit that mirror unit is correspondingly arranged, the field stop include corresponding with multiple lens units of microlens array
Multiple field stop light holes for setting, the lens unit being correspondingly arranged, filter arrays unit and field stop light hole
Optical axis is consistent,
The imaging region separation of each lens unit of microlens array.
2. multispectral camera lens as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the multispectral camera lens also includes aperture diaphragm, hole
Footpath diaphragm is arranged between filter arrays and microlens array, and the aperture diaphragm includes multiple lens with microlens array
Multiple aperture diaphragm light holes that unit is correspondingly arranged, the lens unit being correspondingly arranged, aperture diaphragm light hole, filter arrays
Unit is consistent with the optical axis of field stop light hole.
3. multispectral camera lens as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the size of each aperture diaphragm light hole is corresponding
The energy of spectrum match.
4. multispectral camera lens as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the chi of the aperture diaphragm light hole of the aperture diaphragm
The size of the very little lens unit less than or equal to its corresponding microlens array.
5. the multispectral camera lens as described in one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that the lens unit of the microlens array is
One chip non-spherical lens, one chip GRIN Lens or multiple-piece spherical lens group, each lens list of the microlens array
The focal plane of member is in one plane.
6. the multispectral camera lens as described in one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that the size of the field stop light hole with
The field size of its corresponding spectrum matches.
7. a kind of multispectral survey device, it is characterised in that including measurement apparatus body and as described in claim any one of 1-6
Multispectral camera lens, the multispectral camera lens by structure member be fixed to measurement apparatus body on, have in measurement apparatus body
There is the imaging detector being correspondingly arranged with multispectral camera lens, imaging detector is located on the focal plane of multispectral survey camera lens.
8. multispectral survey device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the lens array that multiple lens units are formed
Target surface size of the size no more than the imaging detector in the measurement body of multispectral survey device.
9. a kind of scaling method of multispectral survey device as claimed in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：The image planes region corresponding to each lens unit is determined on imaging detector, it is right to obtain each lens unit institute
The N number of pixel answered；
Step 2：Multispectral survey device gathers image under full dark background, obtains each lens unit institute on imaging detector
Into each pixel n of image gray value An(x, y), wherein, n=1 ... ... N, (x, y) is pixel point coordinates；
Step 3：Multispectral survey device gathers uniform bright-field image, obtain each lens unit on imaging detector institute into figure
Each pixel n of picture gray value Tn(x,y)；
Step 4：It is determined that each image rectification coefficient of the lens unit on each pixel of imaging：
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Step 5：Obtain image rectification formula of each lens unit on each pixel n of imaging：
Fn(x, y)=[Fn0(x,y)-An(x,y)]*Hn(x, y),
Wherein, Fn0(x, y) be multispectral survey device on imaging detector into image actual grey value, Fn(x, y) table
Show the gray value after correction.
10. scaling method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the uniform brightness is uniform light field integrating sphere, uniformly
Blank or uniform hawk.
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| WO2019210208A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of The University Of Arizona | Rotationally shift invariant and multi-layered microlens array |
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| WO2019210208A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of The University Of Arizona | Rotationally shift invariant and multi-layered microlens array |
| CN111615651A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-09-01 | 伟摩有限责任公司 | Parallax compensating spatial filter |
| CN110081978A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-02 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of multispectral polarization imaging device of transient state and its imaging method |
| CN113641000A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-12 | 安徽省东超科技有限公司 | Aerial imaging device |
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