CN107574906B

CN107574906B - Highway water saving system

Info

Publication number: CN107574906B
Application number: CN201710801053.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱前涛; 史宝光
Original assignee: LANZHOU UNIVERSITY OF FINANCE AND ECONOMICS
Current assignee: LANZHOU UNIVERSITY OF FINANCE AND ECONOMICS; Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
Priority date: 2017-09-07
Filing date: 2017-09-07
Publication date: 2023-05-09
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-07
Also published as: CN107574906A

Abstract

The invention provides a highway water saving system, which is especially suitable for the road line of arid, semiarid or desert, comprising: the water channel structure is arranged on two sides of the highway, the water collecting underdrain is arranged on two sides of the highway, and the root irrigation system is arranged on two sides of the highway. The highway water saving system provided by the other embodiments of the present invention may also be provided with an ditch structure, a water collecting underdrain and a root irrigation system only on one side of the highway. Wherein the raceway structure is arranged along an extending direction of the highway and is configured for collecting highway surface rainwater. The catchment underdrain is arranged along the extending direction of the highway, is positioned below the ditch structure along the catchment underdrain and is communicated with the ditch structure. The highway water saving system can maintain continuous operation of arid and semi-arid regions and desert roads, and avoid secondary disasters of heavy storm and highway sand damage. By using the system, direct root water replenishment is given to plants at two sides of the highway, and the system has great promotion effect on plant survival period and natural reproduction of plant zone width at two sides of the highway.

Description

Highway water saving system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of environmental control, in particular to a highway water saving system.

Background

At present, the heavy storm event which occurs in arid and semi-arid regions in recent years is influenced by global climate instability factors, and a plurality of secondary disasters are caused. It is also worth thinking how the rainwater which can form surface runoff in arid and semiarid areas, heavy storm events and the like can be collected and fully utilized.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a highway water saving system which can solve the problem of sand damage in arid and semiarid regions.

In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a highway water conservation system adapted for use along arid, semiarid or desert roads comprising:

canal structures disposed on both sides of the highway, the canal structures being disposed along an extending direction of the highway and configured to collect rainwater on a surface of the highway;

the water collecting underdrain is arranged at two sides of the highway, is arranged along the extending direction of the highway, is positioned below the ditch structure and is communicated with the ditch structure;

the root irrigation systems are arranged on two sides of the highway, and a water inlet of each root irrigation system is connected to the bottom of the water collecting underdrain.

Further, a plurality of leaking grooves are formed in the bottom of the canal structure, and the canal structure is communicated with the catchment underdrain through the leaking grooves; the plurality of drain grooves are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the canal structure.

Further, a thermal insulation layer is also arranged between the catchment underdrain and the canal structure.

Further, the irrigation system comprises a plurality of drip irrigation main pipes arranged along the length direction of the canal structure, and each drip irrigation main pipe extends basically along a direction away from the highway.

Further, the side wall of each drip irrigation main pipe is also connected with a plurality of drip irrigation branch pipes extending obliquely.

Further, the highway water conservation system further comprises an overflow pipe, wherein an inlet end of the overflow pipe is communicated with the water collecting underdrain to limit the highest water level of the water collecting underdrain, and an outlet end of the overflow pipe is connected to an artificial lake or a natural depression.

Further, a leakage device is further arranged at the joint of the bottom of the water collecting underdrain and the root irrigation system so as to slow down the water in the water collecting underdrain from flowing to the root irrigation system.

Further, the seepage device is configured to adjust the speed of seepage according to the level height within the catchment underdrain.

Further, the diapire downwardly extending of catchment underdrain forms a plurality of convex hulls, the quantity of convex hulls with the quantity one-to-one of irritating root system, the convex hulls enclose into one with the infiltration chamber of catchment underdrain's inner chamber intercommunication, the bottom of convex hulls with it is systematic intercommunication to irritate the root, the infiltration intracavity is from last to being provided with elastic sheet, solid fixed ring and seepage layer group in proper order in layers, gu fixed ring with the inner wall fixed connection of convex hulls, gu the top surface of gu fixed ring is provided with radially extending's arch or groove so that gu fixed ring with form the water channel between the elastic sheet.

Further, the leakage layer group comprises a first leakage layer and a second leakage layer which are stacked up and down, the first leakage layer and the second leakage layer both comprise water seepage parts and water isolation parts, the water seepage parts of the first leakage layer correspond to the water isolation parts of the second leakage layer, and the water isolation parts of the first leakage layer correspond to the water seepage parts of the second leakage layer;

when water exists in the water collecting underdrain, the bottom surface of the elastic sheet is contacted with the top surface of the seepage layer group and is pressed; the gap between the first and second seepage layers varies according to the variation in the level height of the catchment underdrain.

The invention also provides a highway water saving system which is suitable for the road line of drought, semi-drought or desert and comprises:

a canal structure provided at one side of the highway, the canal structure being provided along an extending direction of the highway and configured to collect rainwater on a surface of the highway;

the water collecting underdrain is arranged at one side of the highway, is arranged along the extending direction of the highway, is positioned below the ditch structure and is communicated with the ditch structure;

the root irrigation system is arranged on one side of the highway, and a water inlet of the root irrigation system is connected to the bottom of the water collecting underdrain.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the highway water saving system obtained by the design can fully control sand damage in arid and semiarid regions and even existing resources in desert regions. Can maintain the continuous operation of arid and semi-arid regions and desert roads, and avoid secondary disasters of heavy storm and road sand damage. By using the system, direct root water replenishment is given to plants at two sides of the highway, and the system has great promotion effect on plant survival period and natural reproduction of plant zone width at two sides of the highway. Because the water-collecting underdrain is buried below the ground surface, the water-collecting underdrain can greatly slow down the rapid evaporation of water in arid and semiarid regions, and the storage of water and the conservation of soil are utilized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a highway water conservation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of area II of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view showing the state of the elastic sheet when water is present in the catchment underdrain;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a first leakage layer;

fig. 5 is a plan view of a second leakage layer.

Icon: 10-highway water saving system; a 100-canal structure; 200-catchment underdrain; 210-a heat insulation layer; 220-convex hull; 300-root irrigation system; 310-drip irrigation main pipe; 320-drip irrigation branch pipes; 330-overflow pipe; 400-leak device; 410-elastic sheet; 420-a fixing ring; 430-a leakage group; 431-a first leakage layer; 432-a second leakage layer; 433-a water seepage part; 434-a water barrier; 500-highway; 600-artificial lake.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a highway water conservation system 10 adapted for use along a arid, semiarid or desert highway 500, comprising: the ditch structure 100 is arranged at two sides of the highway 500, the catchment underdrain 200 is arranged at two sides of the highway 500, and the irrigation system 300 is arranged at two sides of the highway 500. Other embodiments of the present invention provide a highway water conservation system 10 that can be configured with an raceway structure 100, a catchment underdrain 200, and a root irrigation system 300 on only one side of a highway 500.

Wherein the raceway structure 100 is disposed along an extending direction of the highway 500 and is configured to collect rainwater on a surface of the highway 500. The catchment underdrain 200 is disposed along the direction of extension of the highway 500, and the catchment underdrain 200 is positioned along the underside of the raceway structure 100 and communicates with the raceway structure 100. The water inlet of the irrigation system 300 is connected to the bottom of the catchment underdrain 200.

The inventor finds that the traditional desertification control means has huge engineering and high cost. The inventor finds that the existing resources in arid, semiarid regions and even desert regions can be fully used for sand damage prevention and control. In this embodiment, the water collecting function of the highway 500 in arid, semiarid regions and even desert regions is fully utilized.

In the event of a heavy storm event or a continuous rainfall event, surface runoff of rainwater is formed and flows from the highway 500 into the canal structure 100 at both sides of the highway 500, then water in the canal structure 100 flows into the catchment underdrain 200 buried under the ground surface, and then water in the catchment underdrain 200 is supplied to plants at both sides of the highway 500 at the time of low rain or drought.

The highway water saving system 10 of the present embodiment can maintain the continuous operation of arid and semi-arid regions and desert roads 500, and avoid secondary disasters of heavy storm and sand damage of the roads 500.

By using the system, the direct root water supply is given to the plants at the two sides of the highway 500, and the plant survival period and the natural reproduction of the plant strip width at the two sides of the highway 500 are greatly promoted.

Because the catchment underdrain 200 is buried below the ground surface, the catchment underdrain 200 can greatly slow down the rapid evaporation of moisture in arid and semiarid regions, and utilizes the storage of moisture and the conservation of soil.

Further, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the raceway structure 100 is provided with a plurality of channels (not shown) through which the raceway structure 100 communicates with the catchment underdrain 200; the plurality of channels are spaced apart along the length of the channel structure 100.

The arrangement of the drain grooves is convenient for construction on one hand and plays a positive role in slowing down the evaporation of the water in the catchment underdrain 200 on the other hand. The size and spacing of the channels may be set according to the specific construction requirements and are not limited herein.

Further, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, an insulating layer 210 is also provided between the catchment underdrain 200 and the canal structure 100.

The insulation layer 210 is disposed between the catchment underdrain 200 and the raceway structure 100 to prevent or slow down the downward transmission of surface temperatures, and to prevent the catchment underdrain 200 from being rapidly heated in high temperature drought weather, such that the provision of the insulation layer 210 has a positive effect on preventing or slowing down the evaporation of moisture within the catchment underdrain 200.

Further, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the irrigation system 300 includes a plurality of drip irrigation main pipes 310 arranged along the length of the raceway structure 100, each drip irrigation main pipe 310 extending substantially in a direction away from the highway 500. The drip irrigation main pipe 310 is used for guiding water in the catchment underdrain 200 to two sides of the highway 500 and directly irrigating plant root systems at two sides of the highway 500. The drip irrigation main pipe 310 is buried under the ground surface, and the side wall of the drip irrigation main pipe 310 is provided with a plurality of small holes, so that water can slowly seep out of the drip irrigation main pipe 310.

Further, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of diagonally extending drip irrigation branches 320 are also connected to the side wall of each drip irrigation main 310.

The structure of the drip irrigation branch 320 is substantially similar to that of the drip irrigation main pipe 310, and the diameter of the drip irrigation branch 320 may be the same as that of the drip irrigation main pipe 310 or smaller than that of the drip irrigation main pipe 310. Providing a plurality of drip irrigation branches 320 can further widen the footprint of the drip irrigation.

Further, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, highway water conservation system 10 further includes overflow conduit 330, wherein an inlet end of overflow conduit 330 communicates with catchment underdrain 200 to limit a maximum water level of catchment underdrain 200, and an outlet end of overflow conduit 330 is connected to artificial lake 600 or a natural depression.

The overflow pipe 330 can timely drain excessive rainwater and collect the rainwater through the artificial lake 600 or the natural depression, and the collected rainwater can be intensively treated and utilized.

The connection position of the inlet end of the overflow pipe 330 at the catchment underdrain 200 can control the highest water level in the catchment underdrain 200, and the specific position can be set according to the actual situation. When the water level in the catchment underdrain 200 exceeds a predetermined level, it is discharged from the overflow pipe 330 into the artificial lake 600 or natural depression.

The highway water saving system 10 not only can effectively reduce secondary disasters caused by heavy storm events, but also can prevent and control sand damage on two sides of a road by the highway 500.

Among them, how to simply and effectively use collected rainwater is also a big problem.

Further, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a seepage device 400 is further provided at the junction of the bottom of the catchment underdrain 200 and the irrigation system 300 to slow down the flow of water within the catchment underdrain 200 to the irrigation system 300.

The catchment underdrain 200 slowly and slightly enters the irrigation system 300 in a seepage way, so that on one hand, the drip irrigation time can be prolonged, and on the other hand, the seepage device 400 can play a role in filtering, and the irrigation system 300 is prevented from being blocked.

The inventor has found that it is also unreasonable to slow down the rate of rain entering the irrigation system 300, and that during a period of time after rain, plants on both sides of the highway 500 need little replenishment of water by the irrigation system 300 during a period of time due to the large supply of rain. Based on this finding, the inventors have further improved the solution.

Further, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, the weeping device 400 is configured to adjust the rate of weeping based on the level of fluid within the catchment underdrain 200.

The higher the level of liquid in the catchment underdrain 200, the slower the seepage rate of the seepage apparatus 400; the lower the level of fluid within the catchment underdrain 200, the faster the seepage device 400 can permeate.

In the early stage after rainfall, the plants on both sides of the highway 500 temporarily do not need water, and as the soil on both sides of the highway 500 accumulates less and less over time, the plants also need water replenishment.

While the optimized highway water conservation system 10 is meeting the requirement, in the early stage after rainfall, the water level in the catchment underdrain 200 is higher, the water demand of plants is less, and the water seepage speed is very slow; in the middle and late period of rainfall, the water demand of plants increases, and the water seepage speed also increases due to the decrease of the liquid level in the catchment underdrain 200. It should be noted that the relationship between the water penetration rate and the catchment underdrain 200 is not necessarily linear, but rather may be parabolic in form. When the water seepage speed is increased to a certain degree, the water seepage speed is difficult to be increased upwards.

Further, referring to fig. 2 and 3, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the bottom wall of the catchment underdrain 200 extends downward to form a plurality of convex hulls 220, the number of convex hulls 220 corresponds to the number of the root irrigation systems 300 one by one, the convex hulls 220 enclose a water seepage cavity communicated with the inner cavity of the catchment underdrain 200, the bottom of the convex hulls 220 is communicated with the root irrigation systems 300, elastic pieces 410, fixing rings 420 and seepage layer groups 430 are sequentially stacked in the water seepage cavity from top to bottom, the fixing rings 420 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the convex hulls 220, and the top surface of the fixing rings 420 is provided with protrusions or grooves extending along the radial direction so as to form water channels between the fixing rings 420 and the elastic pieces 410.

The edges of the elastic pieces 410 are pressed against the top surface of the fixing ring 420, and since the top surface of the fixing ring 420 is provided with protrusions or grooves extending in the radial direction, a water passage can be formed between the elastic pieces 410 and the fixing ring 420, and water in the catchment underdrain 200 can enter the leakage layer group 430 through the elastic pieces 410. The bottom surface of the elastic sheet 410 may be attached to the leakage layer group 430, and when the liquid levels are different, the pressure of water on the elastic sheet 410 and the leakage layer group 430 is different, the density of the leakage layer group 430 is different, and the permeation speed is different. The elastic sheet 410 may be made of rubber, has flexibility and elasticity, and has sealability.

Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the leakage layer group 430 includes a first leakage layer 431 and a second leakage layer 432 stacked up and down, each of the first leakage layer 431 and the second leakage layer 432 includes a water penetration portion 433 and a water blocking portion 434, the water penetration portion 433 of the first leakage layer 431 corresponds in position to the water blocking portion 434 of the second leakage layer 432, and the water blocking portion 434 of the first leakage layer 431 corresponds to the water penetration portion 433 of the second leakage layer 432.

When water exists in the catchment underdrain 200, the bottom surface of the elastic sheet 410 is contacted with the top surface of the seepage group 430 and is pressed; the gap between the first and second seepage layers 431, 432 varies according to the variation in the level height of the catchment underdrain 200.

Since the water seepage portions 433 of the first seepage layer 431 and the second seepage layer 432 are arranged in a staggered manner, the seepage layer group 430 lacks a channel which is directly communicated in the vertical direction (the side wall of the convex hull 220 and the seepage layer group 430 are preferably sealed), water must vertically pass through the water seepage portion 433 of the first seepage layer 431 before passing through the gap between the first seepage layer 431 and the second seepage layer 432 transversely, and then can reach the water seepage portion 433 of the second seepage layer 432, so that the seepage speed of the seepage layer group 430 can be controlled by controlling the gap between the first seepage layer 431 and the second seepage layer 432.

When the liquid level in the catchment underdrain 200 is higher, the pressure applied to the elastic sheet 410 is larger, the pressure of the elastic sheet 410 to the first leakage layer 431 and the second leakage layer 432 is larger, the gap between the first leakage layer 431 and the second leakage layer 432 is smaller, and the permeation speed is smaller; conversely, as the level of fluid in the catchment underdrain 200 decreases, the permeation rate increases.

Because the fixing ring 420 is disposed between the elastic sheet 410 and the leakage layer group 430, the elastic sheet 410 does not completely adhere to the top surface of the first leakage layer 431, and only the middle portion adheres to the top surface of the first leakage layer 431. So even when the liquid level is highest, a small amount of water enters the first leakage layer 431.

Further, protrusions or grooves may be provided on the bottom surface of the elastic sheet 410 so that the top surface of the first leakage layer 431 and the bottom surface of the elastic sheet 410 form a water passage. Alternatively, protrusions or grooves may be provided on the top surface of the first leakage layer 431.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highway water conservation system adapted for use along arid, semiarid or desert roads, comprising:

the water collecting underdrain is arranged at two sides of the highway, is arranged along the extending direction of the highway, and is positioned below the ditch structure and communicated with the ditch structure;

the root irrigation systems are arranged on two sides of the highway, and a water inlet of each root irrigation system is connected to the bottom of the water collecting underdrain;

a leakage device is further arranged at the joint of the bottom of the water collecting underdrain and the root irrigation system so as to slow down the water in the water collecting underdrain from flowing to the root irrigation system;

the seepage device is configured to adjust the speed of seepage according to the height of the liquid level in the catchment underdrain;

the bottom wall of the water collecting underdrain extends downwards to form a plurality of convex hulls, the number of the convex hulls corresponds to the number of the water filling systems one by one, the convex hulls form a water seepage cavity communicated with the inner cavity of the water collecting underdrain, the bottom of the convex hulls is communicated with the water filling systems, elastic sheets, fixing rings and seepage layer groups are sequentially stacked in the water seepage cavity from top to bottom, the fixing rings are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the convex hulls, and the top surface of each fixing ring is provided with a bulge or a groove extending along the radial direction so that a water passing channel is formed between each fixing ring and each elastic sheet;

a heat insulation layer is arranged between the water collecting underdrain and the ditch structure;

the leakage layer group comprises a first leakage layer and a second leakage layer which are stacked up and down, the first leakage layer and the second leakage layer both comprise water seepage parts and water isolation parts, the water seepage parts of the first leakage layer correspond to the water isolation parts of the second leakage layer, and the water isolation parts of the first leakage layer correspond to the water seepage parts of the second leakage layer;

2. The highway water conservation system of claim 1 wherein the bottom of the raceway structure is provided with a plurality of channels through which the raceway structure communicates with the catchment underdrain; the plurality of drain grooves are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the canal structure.

3. The highway water conservation system of claim 1 wherein the irrigation system comprises a plurality of drip irrigation main pipes arranged along a length of the canal structure, each drip irrigation main pipe extending substantially in a direction away from the highway.

4. A highway water conservation system according to claim 3 wherein the side wall of each drip irrigation main tube is further connected to a plurality of diagonally extending drip irrigation branches.

5. The highway water conservation system of claim 1 further comprising an overflow conduit having an inlet end in communication with the catchment underdrain to limit a maximum water level of the catchment underdrain, an outlet end of the overflow conduit being connected to an artificial lake or natural depression.

6. A highway water conservation system adapted for use along arid, semiarid or desert roads, comprising:

the root irrigation system is arranged at one side of the highway, and a water inlet of the root irrigation system is connected to the bottom of the water collecting underdrain;