CN107573046B - High-permeability sand-based water permeable brick - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability, and belongs to the technical field of building materials. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing and grinding allophane and natural zeolite, sieving to obtain a mixed filler, adding water, a mixture, desert sand, a binder, an additive, quartz sand and modified cotton fibers into a stirrer, mixing and stirring, filling into a mold, moving the mold into a brick forming machine for tamping and forming to obtain a blank, drying the blank, soaking the blank in tetraethoxysilane, filtering, moving the soaked blank into a sintering furnace, sintering at a high temperature, and manually maintaining to obtain the sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability. The sand-based water permeable brick prepared by the invention has excellent compressive strength and higher water permeability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability, and belongs to the technical field of building materials.
Background
The aeolian sand in the desert is widely distributed, is a hazard and a resource, can be changed into a benefit by scientific utilization, and changes waste into valuable. Along with the development of economy, the pace of urbanization construction is accelerated, the earth surface of a modern city is more and more covered by impervious buildings, pavements, concrete and the like, the 'hardening' of the earth surface makes atmospheric precipitation difficult to permeate underground in time, the runoff of the earth surface is increased, the phenomena of 'heat island effect' of the city, waterlogging caused by insufficient drainage, settlement of the earth surface of the city and the like are formed, the flood control danger of the city is increased, and the environmental problems of drought and water shortage of the city and the like are aggravated. The porous water permeable brick is used as an environmental material for paving roads and squares, can enable part of rainfall to permeate into the ground and reduce surface runoff, thereby better solving the problems. Desert sand is used as main material and proper amount of flux, adhesive and other components are added to produce water permeable brick with excellent performance.
At present, the concrete road material with mechanical property and water permeability meeting the national building material industry standard requirement is developed by adopting the methods of small-particle-size aggregate, mineral fine admixture, organic reinforcing agent and the like. Moreover, the cost of concrete permeable bricks has been reduced. However, the concrete water permeable brick has the problem that the concrete water permeable brick is easy to block due to large gaps among aggregates, so that the water permeable capacity of the concrete water permeable brick is obviously reduced after the concrete water permeable brick is used for 2 years. The concrete permeable brick is easy to block, so that the applicability of the concrete permeable brick is reduced, and therefore, the research of novel aggregates for developing the high-efficiency permeable brick to promote the urban ecological construction is very necessary. The aeolian sand can meet the requirement of road paving in terms of mechanical property and has excellent water permeability. The existing environment is seriously desertified, a large amount of aeolian sand is stored in the desertification, and the aeolian sand has the characteristics of fine particles and low water content, thereby providing a cheap raw material for the development of sand-based water permeable bricks. However, the traditional sand-based water permeable brick has the problem of poor compressive strength, so that the development of the high-efficiency water permeable brick suitable for production can promote urban construction and relieve desertification, thereby bringing great social, economic and ecological benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that: to the problem that traditional sand base brick that permeates water is not enough in compressive strength, the water permeability is not good, provide a high rate of permeating water sand base brick that permeates water.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-120 parts of desert sand
8-15 parts of allophane
20-25 parts of natural zeolite
5-15 parts of binder
20-30 parts of additive
14-20 parts of modified cotton fiber
The preparation method of the modified cotton fiber comprises the following steps:
mixing and soaking cotton fibers and a hydrogen peroxide solution, filtering to obtain expanded cotton fibers, mixing and soaking the expanded cotton fibers and a potassium permanganate solution, and filtering to obtain modified cotton fibers;
the preparation method of the sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability comprises the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing and grinding allophane and natural zeolite, sieving to obtain a mixed filler, adding water, the mixed filler, desert sand, a binder, an additive, quartz sand and modified cotton fibers into a stirrer, mixing and stirring, filling into a mold, tamping and forming in a brick forming machine to obtain a blank, drying the blank, soaking in tetraethoxysilane, filtering, transferring the soaked blank into a sintering furnace, sintering at high temperature, and manually maintaining to obtain the sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability.
The natural zeolite is any one of analcime or scolecite.
The binder is water glass with the modulus of 2.5-3.5.
The additive is any one of glass powder or quartz sand.
The manual maintenance method comprises the following steps: and (3) curing in a curing room at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ and the humidity of 80-90%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, modified cotton fibers are added during the preparation of the sand-based water permeable brick, firstly, potassium permanganate is adsorbed on the surface of the modified cotton fibers, and after the modified cotton fibers are added into a water permeable brick blank system, in the sintering process, the potassium permanganate is heated and decomposed to generate oxygen, so that pores in the water permeable brick system are enlarged, the generated oxygen is beneficial to the decomposition of the cotton fibers at high temperature, secondly, a large amount of gas and water are generated during the high-temperature decomposition of cellulose under the aerobic condition, and the water becomes gas to volatilize at high temperature, so that the porosity of the product is increased, the water permeability is improved, and furthermore, metal compounds such as manganese dioxide and the like are generated after the potassium permanganate is decomposed, so that the strength of the pores is increased to a certain extent, and the compressive strength of the product is enhanced to;
(2) according to the invention, when the sand-based water permeable brick is prepared, the blank is dried and then soaked in the tetraethoxysilane, and because the blank brick contains a certain amount of water, after the blank brick is dried, the water in the blank system is evaporated, so that after the blank brick is soaked in the tetraethoxysilane, the tetraethoxysilane can enter the blank instead of the water, when the modified cotton fiber in the blank is decomposed at high temperature, part of water vapor generated by the modified cotton fiber can hydrolyze the tetraethoxysilane entering the water permeable brick system to generate silicon dioxide, and thus a certain supporting structure is formed in a passage in the water permeable brick system, and the compressive strength of the product is improved;
(3) according to the invention, natural zeolite is added into the blank when the sand-based water permeable brick is prepared, on one hand, the added zeolite can generate a large amount of gas at high temperature, so that the porosity of the product is improved, and the water permeability is further improved, and on the other hand, after the gas is released by the zeolite, the zeolite can form a porous structure, so that the compressive strength and the water permeability of the product are further improved.
Detailed Description
Mixing cotton fibers with a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 15-20% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-1: 15, mixing the mixture in a beaker, stirring and reacting the beaker with a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer at a constant temperature of 45-50 ℃ and a rotation speed of 260-300 r/min for 2-4 h, and filtering to obtain a filter cake, namely the expanded cotton fiber, wherein the expanded cotton fiber is mixed with a potassium permanganate solution with the mass fraction of 20-30% according to the mass ratio of 1: 8-1: 12, mixing the mixture in a flask, moving the flask into a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours at a constant temperature of 40-60 ℃, and filtering to obtain filter residues, namely modified cotton fibers; taking 80-120 parts of desert sand, 8-15 parts of allophane, 20-25 parts of natural zeolite, 5-15 parts of binder, 20-30 parts of additive and 14-20 parts of modified cotton fiber in sequence, mixing the allophane and the natural zeolite, putting the mixture into a grinding machine, grinding, sieving by a 30-80 mesh sieve to obtain a mixed filler, mixing the mixture, the desert sand, the binder, the additive, the quartz sand and the modified cotton fiber in a stirring machine, adding water with the mass of 0.2-0.4 times of that of the desert sand, stirring and mixing for 2-3 hours at room temperature at the rotating speed of 350-500 r/min to obtain a raw material, pouring the raw material into a mold, transferring the mold into a brick forming machine, tamping and forming under the pressure of 45-50 MPa to obtain a blank, transferring the blank into a drying box, drying for 2-3 hours at the constant temperature of 75-85 ℃ to obtain a dried blank, soaking the dried blank in tetraethoxysilane with the mass of 4-5 times of the blank, soaking for 3-4 h, filtering to obtain a soaked blank, transferring the soaked blank into a sintering furnace, sintering for 4-5 h at 1200-1400 ℃, naturally cooling to room temperature, discharging to obtain a pretreated brick block, transferring the pretreated brick block into an artificial curing room, and manually curing for 5-8 days to obtain the sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability. The natural zeolite is any one of analcime or scolecite. The binder is water glass. The additive is any one of glass powder or quartz sand. The manual maintenance method comprises the following steps: and (3) curing in a curing room at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ and the humidity of 80-90%.
Example 1
Mixing cotton fibers with a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20% according to the mass ratio of 1: 15, mixing the mixture in a beaker, stirring and reacting the beaker at a constant temperature for 4 hours by a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer with a moving digital display speed measurement function under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 300r/min, and filtering to obtain a filter cake, namely the expanded cotton fiber, wherein the expanded cotton fiber and a potassium permanganate solution with the mass fraction of 30% are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 12, mixing the mixture in a flask, moving the flask into a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and reacting for 2 hours at a constant temperature of 60 ℃, and filtering to obtain filter residues, namely modified cotton fibers; taking 120 parts of desert sand, 15 parts of allophane, 25 parts of natural zeolite, 15 parts of binder, 30 parts of additive and 20 parts of modified cotton fiber in sequence, mixing the allophane and the natural zeolite, putting the mixture into a grinding machine, grinding, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain mixed filler, mixing the mixture, the desert sand, the binder, the additive, the quartz sand and the modified cotton fiber in a stirring machine, adding water with the mass of 0.4 times of that of the desert sand, stirring and mixing for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 500r/min at room temperature to obtain a raw material, pouring the raw material into a mold, moving the mold into a brick forming machine, tamping and forming under the pressure of 50MPa to obtain a blank, moving the blank into a drying box, drying for 3 hours at the constant temperature of 85 ℃ to obtain a dried blank, soaking the dried blank in ethyl orthosilicate with the mass of 5 times of the blank for 4 hours, filtering, and (3) obtaining a soaked blank, transferring the soaked blank into a sintering furnace, sintering for 5 hours at the temperature of 1400 ℃, naturally cooling to room temperature, discharging to obtain a pretreated brick, transferring the pretreated brick into an artificial curing room, and manually curing for 8 days to obtain the sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability. The natural zeolite is analcime. The binder is water glass. The additive is glass powder. The manual maintenance method comprises the following steps: curing was carried out in a curing room at a temperature of 35 ℃ and a humidity of 90%.
Example 2
Taking 120 parts of desert sand, 15 parts of allophane, 25 parts of natural zeolite, 15 parts of binder, 30 parts of additive and 20 parts of cotton fiber in sequence, mixing the allophane and the natural zeolite, putting the mixture into a grinding machine, grinding, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain mixed filler, mixing the mixture, the desert sand, the binder, the additive, the quartz sand and the cotton fiber in a stirring machine, adding water with the mass of 0.4 times of that of the desert sand, stirring and mixing for 3 hours at the rotation speed of 500r/min at room temperature to obtain a raw material, pouring the raw material into a mold, moving the mold into a brick forming machine, tamping and forming under the pressure of 50MPa to obtain a blank, moving the blank into a drying box, drying for 3 hours at the constant temperature of 85 ℃ to obtain a dried blank, soaking the dried blank in ethyl orthosilicate with the mass of 5 times of the mass for 4 hours, filtering to obtain a soaked blank, and transferring the soaked blank into a sintering furnace, sintering for 5 hours at the temperature of 1400 ℃, naturally cooling to room temperature, discharging to obtain a pretreated brick, transferring the pretreated brick into an artificial curing room, and manually curing for 8 days to obtain the sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability. The natural zeolite is analcime. The binder is water glass. The additive is glass powder. The manual maintenance method comprises the following steps: curing was carried out in a curing room at a temperature of 35 ℃ and a humidity of 90%.
Example 3
Mixing cotton fibers with a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20% according to the mass ratio of 1: 15, mixing the mixture in a beaker, stirring and reacting the beaker at a constant temperature for 4 hours by a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer with a moving digital display speed measurement function under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 300r/min, and filtering to obtain a filter cake, namely the expanded cotton fiber, wherein the expanded cotton fiber and a potassium permanganate solution with the mass fraction of 30% are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 12, mixing the mixture in a flask, moving the flask into a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and reacting for 2 hours at a constant temperature of 60 ℃, and filtering to obtain filter residues, namely modified cotton fibers; taking 120 parts of desert sand, 15 parts of allophane, 25 parts of natural zeolite, 15 parts of binder, 30 parts of additive and 20 parts of modified cotton fiber in sequence, mixing the allophane and the natural zeolite, putting the mixture into a grinding machine, grinding, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain mixed filler, mixing the mixture, the desert sand, the binder, the additive, the quartz sand and the modified cotton fiber in a stirring machine, adding water with the mass of 0.4 times of that of the desert sand, stirring and mixing for 3 hours at the rotation speed of 500r/min at room temperature to obtain a raw material, pouring the raw material into a mold, moving the mold into a brick forming machine, tamping and forming under the pressure of 50MPa to obtain a blank, moving the blank into a drying box, drying for 3 hours at the constant temperature of 85 ℃ to obtain a dried blank, moving the dried blank into a sintering furnace, sintering for 5 hours at the temperature of 1400 ℃, naturally cooling to the room temperature, discharging to obtain pretreated bricks, moving the pretreated bricks into a manual curing room, and manually curing for 8 days to obtain the sand-based water permeable bricks with high water permeability. The natural zeolite is analcime. The binder is water glass. The additive is glass powder. The manual maintenance method comprises the following steps: curing was carried out in a curing room at a temperature of 35 ℃ and a humidity of 90%.
Example 4
Mixing cotton fibers with a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20% according to the mass ratio of 1: 15, mixing the mixture in a beaker, stirring and reacting the beaker at a constant temperature for 4 hours by a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer with a moving digital display speed measurement function under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 300r/min, and filtering to obtain a filter cake, namely the expanded cotton fiber, wherein the expanded cotton fiber and a potassium permanganate solution with the mass fraction of 30% are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 12, mixing the mixture in a flask, moving the flask into a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and reacting for 2 hours at a constant temperature of 60 ℃, and filtering to obtain filter residues, namely modified cotton fibers; taking 120 parts of desert sand, 15 parts of allophane, 15 parts of binder, 30 parts of additive and 20 parts of modified cotton fiber in sequence, mixing the allophane and natural zeolite, putting the mixture into a grinding machine, grinding the mixture, sieving the ground allophane and the natural zeolite by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain mixed filler, mixing the mixture, the desert sand, the binder, the additive, the quartz sand and the modified cotton fiber in a stirring machine, adding water with the mass of 0.4 time of that of the desert sand, stirring and mixing the mixture for 3 hours at the rotation speed of 500r/min at room temperature to obtain a raw material, pouring the raw material into a mold, moving the mold into a brick forming machine, tamping and forming the raw material under the pressure of 50MPa to obtain a blank, moving the blank into a drying box, drying the blank for 3 hours at the constant temperature of 85 ℃ to obtain a dried blank, soaking the dried blank into tetraethoxysilane with the mass of 5 times of the blank, soaking for 4 hours, filtering to obtain the soaked blank, and transferring the soaked blank into a sintering furnace, sintering for 5 hours at the temperature of 1400 ℃, naturally cooling to room temperature, discharging to obtain a pretreated brick, transferring the pretreated brick into an artificial curing room, and manually curing for 8 days to obtain the sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability. The natural zeolite is analcime. The binder is water glass. The additive is glass powder. The manual maintenance method comprises the following steps: curing was carried out in a curing room at a temperature of 35 ℃ and a humidity of 90%.
Comparative example: yixing is a sand-based water permeable brick produced by ceramic Co.
The sand-based water permeable bricks obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative products were subjected to performance tests, and the specific test methods were as follows:
the mechanical property is carried out according to the regulation of JC/T945, the compressive strength adopts an WEW-600A hydraulic universal tester, and the loading speed is 0.5 MPa/s; the water permeability coefficient tester is self-made according to the specification of JC/T945, and the test water is distilled water. Specific detection results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Detecting content | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example |
| Compressive strength/MPa | 41 | 30 | 35 | 34 | 23 |
| Coefficient of Permeability/(cm/s) | 0.029 | 0.019 | 0.020 | 0.022 | 0.012 |
The detection results in table 1 show that the sand-based water permeable brick obtained by the invention has excellent compressive strength and higher water permeability.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a high water permeability sand base brick that permeates water which characterized in that: the composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-120 parts of desert sand
8-15 parts of allophane
20-25 parts of natural zeolite
5-15 parts of binder
20-30 parts of additive
14-20 parts of modified cotton fiber
The preparation method of the modified cotton fiber comprises the following steps:
mixing and soaking cotton fibers and a hydrogen peroxide solution, filtering to obtain expanded cotton fibers, mixing and soaking the expanded cotton fibers and a potassium permanganate solution, and filtering to obtain modified cotton fibers;
the preparation method of the sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability comprises the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing and grinding allophane and natural zeolite, sieving to obtain a mixed filler, adding water, the mixed filler, desert sand, a binder, an additive, quartz sand and modified cotton fibers into a stirrer, mixing and stirring, filling into a mold, tamping and forming in a brick forming machine to obtain a blank, drying the blank, soaking in tetraethoxysilane, filtering, transferring the soaked blank into a sintering furnace, sintering at high temperature, and manually maintaining to obtain the sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability.
2. The sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability according to claim 1, wherein: the natural zeolite is any one of analcime or scolecite.
3. The sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability according to claim 1, wherein: the binder is water glass with the modulus of 2.5-3.5.
4. The sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability according to claim 1, wherein: the additive is any one of glass powder or quartz sand.
5. The sand-based water permeable brick with high water permeability according to claim 1, wherein: the manual maintenance method comprises the following steps: and (3) curing in a curing room at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ and the humidity of 80-90%.
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| CN108409289A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-17 | 杨帮燕 | A kind of preparation method of road anti-skid brick |
| CN110078423B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2022-03-25 | 成都工业学院 | Adsorptive water permeable brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN114315408A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-04-12 | 攀枝花学院 | Water-permeable porous ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114481744A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-13 | 湖北耀源科技有限公司 | Sand-based water permeable brick and production method thereof |
| CN115073068A (en) * | 2022-06-18 | 2022-09-20 | 莫特普迩新材料研究(上海)有限公司 | Porous sand-based water permeable brick |
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| CN105439629A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-30 | 合肥李诺新材料贸易有限公司 | Sand-based water permeable brick with inlaid zeolite molecular sieve and production method thereof |
| CN105439609A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-30 | 合肥李诺新材料贸易有限公司 | Long-acting antibacterial sand-based water permeable brick and manufacture method thereof |
| CN107188605A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 李欢 | A kind of polymer composite permeable pavior brick |
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| CN105439629A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-30 | 合肥李诺新材料贸易有限公司 | Sand-based water permeable brick with inlaid zeolite molecular sieve and production method thereof |
| CN105439609A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-30 | 合肥李诺新材料贸易有限公司 | Long-acting antibacterial sand-based water permeable brick and manufacture method thereof |
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