CN107572756B - Method for manufacturing glass bottle - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing glass bottle Download PDFInfo
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- CN107572756B CN107572756B CN201710918355.2A CN201710918355A CN107572756B CN 107572756 B CN107572756 B CN 107572756B CN 201710918355 A CN201710918355 A CN 201710918355A CN 107572756 B CN107572756 B CN 107572756B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of glass processing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a glass bottle, which comprises the following steps of ① material preparation, wherein the material preparation comprises the steps of mixing raw materials, grinding the raw materials to 80-120 meshes to obtain a blank, melting ②, placing the blank into a furnace, heating the blank to 1250-1500 ℃ to obtain liquid glass, vibrating the blank by using ultrasonic waves in the heating process, ③ forming, namely preparing the liquid glass into a glass material group by adopting blowing equipment, blowing, transferring the glass material group into a forming mold to obtain a formed bottle, and carrying out post-treatment ④, annealing, spraying and packaging to obtain a finished glass bottle product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glass processing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a glass bottle.
Background
The glass bottle production process mainly comprises the steps of ① raw material preprocessing, namely crushing block raw materials (quartz sand, soda ash, limestone, feldspar and the like), ② batch preparation, ③ melting, namely heating the glass batch at high temperature (1550-1600 ℃) in a tank furnace or a tank furnace to form liquid glass, ④ molding, namely making the liquid glass into a glass bottle with a required shape, ⑤ heat treatment, namely eliminating stress, phase separation or crystallization in the glass and changing the structural form of the glass through annealing, quenching and other processes.
The glass bottle is generally formed by adopting manual blow molding, the blow molding technology is to utilize the characteristic that glass has plasticity in a certain temperature range, a blow molding pipe (generally an iron pipe) is used for picking out liquid glass from a furnace, the liquid glass is rolled into a glass material mass in a material rolling plate or a material rolling bowl, one person blows at one end to blow the glass liquid picked on the blow molding pipe into a bubble shape, and at the moment, the glass can be molded by tools such as scissors, a mold and the like; then dipping the glass liquid again, continuously blowing the glass liquid to be large, and then entering a mold for blow molding. The method is very troublesome, and particularly when the glass bottles are manufactured in large batch, the manufacturing time is prolonged, and the labor cost is increased.
Chinese patent No. CN203065345U discloses a positive blowing mechanism of a glass bottle forming machine, wherein a positive blowing head is positioned right above a neck mold bottom fork, a positive blowing cylinder is mounted on a first bracket through a positive blowing cylinder mounting plate, the first bracket is sleeved on a central upright post, the neck mold bottom fork is mounted on a second bracket, and the second bracket is sleeved on the central upright post; the lower part of the first bracket is provided with a first bracket lifting ring, the first bracket is supported by the first bracket lifting ring, the lower part of the second bracket is provided with a second bracket lifting ring, the second bracket is supported by the second bracket lifting ring, the outer diameter of the central upright post adopts whole-process threads, and the first bracket lifting ring, the second bracket lifting ring and the central upright post are in threaded fit. The technical scheme has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient adjustment of the vertical stroke, low cost, high production efficiency and the like.
The above patent also has the following technical problems: 1. after the liquid glass is picked on the blowing pipe, the liquid glass must be regulated so that the blowing pipe is positioned at the center of the whole mass of the liquid glass, otherwise, the thickness around the blown glass bubbles is not uniform; in the prior art, liquid glass is rolled in a material rolling plate or a material rolling bowl after being picked out from a furnace, so that the liquid glass is agglomerated and forms glass material agglomerates, which is very troublesome; 2. because the liquid glass is shaped by utilizing the heat of the liquid glass when the bubble blowing is carried out, if the liquid glass spends too long time on the glass material mass formed by the liquid glass, the shaping of the liquid glass at the later stage can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing glass bottles, which can perform lump formation on liquid glass in the process of picking the liquid glass out of a furnace by a blowing pipe in a forming step and shorten the time for forming glass material lumps by the liquid glass.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: the manufacturing method of the glass bottle comprises the following steps:
① preparing materials, namely mixing the raw materials and grinding the mixture to 80-120 meshes to obtain a blank, wherein the raw materials comprise quartz sand, calcite, nepheline, feldspar, cullet and fluorite;
② melting, placing the blank in a furnace, heating to 1250-1500 deg.C to obtain liquid glass, and vibrating the blank with ultrasonic wave during heating;
③, forming, namely, preparing liquid glass into glass material pellets by adopting blowing equipment, blowing, and transferring the glass material pellets into a forming mold to prepare a forming bottle, wherein the blowing equipment comprises a blowing pipe, an outer cylinder and a flattening part for flattening the liquid glass, the upper end of the blowing pipe is a blowing end, the lower end of the blowing pipe is a gathering end for sticking the liquid glass, the blowing pipe is positioned in the outer cylinder, the upper end opening of the outer cylinder is provided with an end plate, the upper end of the blowing pipe extends out of the end plate, the blowing pipe is rotationally connected with the end plate, the inner wall of the outer cylinder is rotationally connected with an inner gear ring, a support rod is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the support rod is provided with a sleeve, the blowing pipe penetrates through the sleeve and the inner gear ring, the connecting rod is rotationally connected with a secondary gear meshed with the inner gear ring, the blowing pipe is further provided with a main gear meshed with the secondary gear;
④ post-treatment, annealing, spraying and packaging to obtain the finished product of the glass bottle.
The working principle of the blowing equipment in the technical scheme is as follows: the material gathering end of the blowing pipe extends into a furnace for heating, then the material gathering end is horizontally placed on the surface of the liquid glass, meanwhile, the upper end of the blowing pipe is held by hands and rotates, further, the whole blowing pipe continuously rotates, the liquid glass is continuously adhered to the outer surface of the material gathering end, the thickness of the liquid glass on the outer surface of the material gathering end is gradually increased, then the liquid glass is contacted with the smoothing part, and the smoothing part can continuously smooth the surface of the liquid glass; after the amount of the liquid glass on the gathering end is reached, taking the blowing pipe out of the furnace; and while taking out, the blow molding pipe is still continuously rotated until a glass material mass is finally formed; and then the glass material mass is blown by a blowing end.
The beneficial effect that this scheme produced is:
1. the in-process that the blowing pipe was being followed liquid glass and is chosen in the stove, because the blowing pipe is rotating always, smooths liquid glass in addition smooth portion for the in-process of choosing the material of the end of choosing of blowing pipe can be whole journey to liquid glass and carry out the whole group, takes out the back with liquid glass from the stove, need not roll extrusion in material rolling plate or material rolling bowl, has shortened the time that liquid glass formed the glass material group.
2. This scheme is when blowing to glass material group, smooths the portion and can also smooths glass material group, and is very convenient.
3. According to the technical scheme, the raw materials are mixed and then ground, so that the components in the prepared blank are mixed more uniformly, the particle size of the blank is 80-120 meshes, and the components are melted more quickly and uniformly.
4. According to the technical scheme, ultrasonic vibration is adopted during heating, so that bubbles generated in the melting process can be effectively reduced, and the quality of the prepared liquid glass is better.
5. According to the technical scheme, the calcite can reduce the viscosity of glass at high temperature and promote the melting and clarification of the glass; compared with the prior art that the expensive soda ash is adopted, the technical scheme adopts nepheline to replace the soda ash, is easy to obtain and can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost; meanwhile, the technical scheme makes full use of the cullet, changes waste into valuable and further reduces the production cost; fluorite can promote the homogenization of liquid glass, reduces the viscosity and the surface tension of the liquid glass, is quicker and more uniform in the process of preparing the forming bottle in the forming step, and is beneficial to improving the quality of the forming bottle.
The first preferred scheme is as follows: as a further optimization of the basic scheme, the smoothing part comprises a straight rod and an arc-shaped sheet protruding towards the direction far away from the blowing pipe, and the upper end of the straight rod is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the inner gear ring; the bottom of the straight rod is provided with a positioning hole, the upper end of the arc piece is provided with a fixing hole corresponding to the positioning hole, the arc piece is further provided with a screw penetrating through the fixing hole and the positioning hole, and the screw is provided with a nut.
The structure is very simple, and the surface of the liquid glass and the glass material mass is smoothed; when the installation is carried out, the fixing hole at the upper end of the arc-shaped piece is aligned with the positioning hole at the bottom of the straight rod, then the screw penetrates through the two holes, and then the nut is screwed into the screw, so that the installation of the arc-shaped piece can be realized. The structure can facilitate the replacement of the proper arc-shaped sheet by the worker at any time according to the needs.
The preferred scheme II is as follows: as a further optimization of the basic scheme, the blow molding pipe comprises a hollow rotary table, a material picking pipe communicated with the rotary table and an air inlet pipe communicated with the rotary table; the pipe orifice of the air inlet pipe is a blowing end; the gathering pipe penetrates through the outer barrel, the lower end of the gathering pipe is a gathering end, the upper end of the gathering pipe is connected with the bottom surface of the rotary table, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the top surface of the air inlet pipe; the air inlet pipe is detachably connected with the air blowing pipe. The structure is further convenient for workers to rotate the blow-molded pipe; when the air inlet pipe is used, the air inlet pipe is held by hands and then rotated.
The preferable scheme is three: as a further optimization of the basic scheme, the preferred scheme I or the preferred scheme II, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of quartz sand, 5-8 parts of calcite, 3-5 parts of nepheline, 8-10 parts of feldspar, 15-18 parts of cullet and 2-5 parts of fluorite. The liquid glass prepared by adopting the mixture ratio of the technical scheme has good uniformity, strong stability, high hardness and luster.
The preferable scheme is four: as a further optimization of the third preferred scheme, the working frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 90-130 KHz. The ultrasonic wave within the working frequency range is adopted, and the bubble removing effect is optimal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a blowing apparatus in the method of manufacturing a glass bottle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a blowing apparatus in the method of making glass bottles of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper rod, the lower rod and the fixing ring in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the blow molding pipe 1, the main gear 11, the turntable 12, the gathering pipe 13, the air inlet pipe 14, the adjusting valve 141, the pressing plate 1411, the rubber sleeve 1412, the blocking piece 1413, the outer cylinder 2, the end plate 21, the annular gear 22, the support rod 23, the sleeve 231, the connecting rod 2311, the slave gear 2312, the flattening portion 3, the straight rod 31, the upper rod 311, the sliding cavity 3111, the strip-shaped opening 3112, the fixing ring 3113, the lower rod 312, the spring 313, the pushing portion 314, and the arc-shaped piece 32.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for manufacturing the glass bottle comprises the following steps:
① preparing materials, mixing the raw materials, grinding to 80 meshes to obtain a blank, wherein the raw materials comprise 12 parts of quartz sand, 5 parts of calcite, 3 parts of nepheline, 8 parts of feldspar, 15 parts of cullet and 2 parts of fluorite by mass.
② melting, heating the blank in a furnace to 1250 deg.C to obtain liquid glass, and vibrating the blank with ultrasonic wave at 90KHz frequency.
③ shaping, by blowing liquid glass into glass gob, blowing, and transferring the glass gob into a shaping mold to obtain a shaped bottle;
④ post-treatment, annealing, spraying and packaging to obtain the finished product of the glass bottle.
The blowing equipment adopted in the step ③ comprises a blowing pipe 1, an outer cylinder 2 and a flattening part 3 for flattening liquid glass, wherein the upper end of the blowing pipe 1 is a blowing end, the lower end of the blowing pipe 1 is a gathering end, the blowing pipe 1 is located in the outer cylinder 2, an end plate 21 is arranged at the upper end opening of the outer cylinder 2, the upper end of the blowing pipe 1 extends out of the end plate 21, the blowing pipe 1 is rotatably connected with the end plate 21, an inner gear ring 22 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2, and when the blowing equipment is specifically arranged, an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2, and the inner gear ring 22 is located in the annular groove.
A support rod 23 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer barrel 2, a sleeve 231 is arranged on the support rod 23, and the sleeve 231 is positioned above the inner gear ring 22; the blow-molded pipe 1 passes through the sleeve 231 and the ring gear 22; a connecting rod 2311 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 231, and a driven gear 2312 meshed with the inner gear ring 22 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 2311; the blowing pipe 1 is also provided with a main gear 11 meshed with the driven gear 2312; the flattening portion 3 is located on the ring gear 22.
The flattening part 3 comprises a straight rod 31 and an arc-shaped sheet 32 protruding in the direction away from the blowing pipe 1, and the upper end of the straight rod 31 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the inner gear ring 22; the bottom of the straight rod 31 is provided with a positioning hole, the upper end of the arc sheet 32 is provided with a fixing hole corresponding to the positioning hole, the arc sheet 32 is further provided with a screw for penetrating through the fixing hole and the positioning hole, and the screw is provided with a nut.
As shown in fig. 2, the blow molding pipe 1 comprises a hollow rotary table 12, a material gathering pipe 13 communicated with the rotary table 12 and an air inlet pipe 14 communicated with the rotary table 12; the pipe orifice of the air inlet pipe 14 is a blowing end; the gathering pipe 13 penetrates through the outer cylinder 2, the lower end of the gathering pipe 13 is a gathering end, the upper end of the gathering pipe 13 is connected with the bottom surface of the rotary table 12, and the air inlet pipe 14 is connected with the top surface of the rotary table 12. The above structure further facilitates the rotation of the blow molded pipe 1 by the worker; when the air inlet pipe 14 is used, the air inlet pipe is held by hands and then rotated. The air inlet pipe 14 is eccentrically arranged on the rotary disc 12; and the intake pipe 14 is provided with an adjusting valve 141.
As shown in fig. 3, the regulating valve 141 includes a pressing plate 1411, a rubber sleeve 1412, and a circular blocking piece 1413; an adjusting opening is formed in the air inlet pipe 14, one end of a partition sheet 1413 is fixedly connected with the pressing disc 1411, and the other end of the partition sheet 1413 extends into the adjusting opening; the pressing plate 1411 seals one end of the rubber sleeve 1412; the rubber sleeve 1412 covers the adjusting opening, and the other end of the rubber sleeve 1412 is fixedly connected with the air inlet pipe 14; a pressing spring (in the scheme, a common spring) is arranged between the pressing disc 1411 and the air inlet pipe 14; when the air inlet pipe is used specifically, the pressing disc 1411 is pressed, the pressing disc 1411 pushes the partition sheet 1413, the partition sheet 1413 adjusts the flow of air entering the air inlet pipe 14, and therefore workers can control and adjust the air blowing amount freely; when adjustment is not required, the pressing plate 1411 is released and the spring 313 restores the pressing plate 1411.
As shown in fig. 4, the straight rod 31 includes an upper rod 311 and a lower rod 312, a sliding cavity 3111 is disposed inside the upper rod 311, an upper end of the lower rod 312 extends into the sliding cavity 3111, and a spring 313 is disposed between the lower rod 312 and a cavity wall of the sliding cavity 3111; the positioning hole is located at the lower end of the lower rod 312; a pushing part 314 is arranged on the side wall of the lower rod 312, a strip-shaped opening 3112 for the sliding of the pushing part 314 is also arranged on the upper rod 311, and the pushing part 314 extends out of the strip-shaped opening 3112; the upper lever 311 is further provided with a plurality of fixing rings 3113 for fixing the push portion 314.
When the blowing pipe is used, the gathering end of the blowing pipe 1 extends into a furnace for heating, then the gathering end is horizontally placed on the surface of liquid glass, meanwhile, the upper end of the blowing pipe 1 is held by hands and rotates, further, the whole blowing pipe 1 continuously rotates, the main gear 11 on the blowing pipe 1 rotates, the main gear 11 drives the driven gear 2312 to rotate, the driven gear 2312 drives the inner gear ring 22 meshed with the driven gear ring to rotate, and when the inner gear ring 22 rotates, the smoothing part 3 on the inner gear ring 22 is driven to rotate around the blowing pipe 1. In the process, the liquid glass is continuously adhered to the outer surface of the gathering end, the thickness of the liquid glass on the outer surface of the gathering end is gradually increased, and then the liquid glass is contacted with the flattening part 3, and the flattening part 3 can continuously flatten the surface of the liquid glass; after the amount of the liquid glass on the gathering end reaches, taking the blow molding pipe 1 out of the furnace; and while taking out, the blow molding pipe 1 is still continuously rotated until a glass material mass is finally formed; the glass gob is then air blown.
When the arc-shaped piece 32 is specifically installed, the fixing hole at the upper end of the arc-shaped piece 32 is aligned with the positioning hole, then the screw penetrates through the two holes, and then the nut is screwed into the screw, so that the arc-shaped piece 32 can be installed.
In addition, because the arc of each segment of the arcuate blade 32 is different, moving the arcuate blade 32 up and down may be utilized in various places of the arcuate blade 32 to smooth out liquid glass or glass gobs. When the device is used, the pushing part 314 is pushed upwards by hand, so that the arc piece 32 moves upwards, and after the arc piece 32 moves to a corresponding position, the pushing part 314 stops being pushed, and the pushing part 314 is fixed by the fixing ring 3113. When the arc-shaped piece 32 needs to be moved downward, the principle is the same.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the raw materials are mixed and ground to 100 meshes in the step ① to obtain a blank, and the raw materials comprise, by mass, 13 parts of quartz sand, 6 parts of calcite, 4 parts of nepheline, 9 parts of feldspar, 16 parts of cullet and 3 parts of fluorite, and the blank is placed in a furnace in the step ② and heated to 1350 ℃ to obtain liquid glass, wherein the ultrasonic working frequency is 110 KHz.
Example 3
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the raw materials are mixed and ground to 120 meshes in the step ① to obtain a blank, the raw materials comprise 15 parts of quartz sand, 8 parts of calcite, 5 parts of nepheline, 10 parts of feldspar, 18 parts of cullet and 5 parts of fluorite in parts by mass, and the blank is placed in a furnace to be heated to 1500 ℃ in the step ② to obtain liquid glass, and the ultrasonic working frequency is 130 KHz.
The above are merely examples of the present invention, and common general knowledge of known specific structures and characteristics in the schemes is not described herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The manufacturing method of the glass bottle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
①, preparing materials, namely mixing the raw materials and grinding the mixture to 80-120 meshes to obtain a blank, wherein the raw materials comprise quartz sand, calcite, nepheline, feldspar, cullet and fluorite;
② melting, placing the blank in a furnace, heating to 1250-1500 deg.C to obtain liquid glass, and vibrating the blank with ultrasonic wave during heating;
③, forming, namely, preparing liquid glass into glass material pellets by adopting blowing equipment, blowing, and transferring the glass material pellets into a forming mold to prepare a forming bottle, wherein the blowing equipment comprises a blowing pipe, an outer cylinder and a flattening part for flattening the liquid glass, the upper end of the blowing pipe is a blowing end, the lower end of the blowing pipe is a gathering end for sticking the liquid glass, the blowing pipe is positioned in the outer cylinder, an end plate is arranged at the upper port of the outer cylinder, the upper end of the blowing pipe extends out of the end plate and is rotationally connected with the end plate, an inner gear ring is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder, a support rod is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, a sleeve is arranged on the support rod, the blowing pipe penetrates through the sleeve and the inner gear ring, a connecting rod is arranged on the sleeve and is rotationally connected with a secondary gear meshed with the inner gear ring, a main gear meshed with the secondary gear is further arranged on the blowing pipe, and the flattening part is positioned on the inner gear ring;
④ post-treatment, annealing, spraying and packaging to obtain the finished product of the glass bottle.
2. The method for manufacturing the glass bottle according to claim 1, wherein the smoothing part comprises a straight rod and an arc-shaped piece protruding in a direction away from the blowing pipe, and the upper end of the straight rod is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the inner gear ring; the bottom of the straight rod is provided with a positioning hole, the upper end of the arc piece is provided with a fixing hole corresponding to the positioning hole, the arc piece is further provided with a screw penetrating through the fixing hole and the positioning hole, and the screw is provided with a nut.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the blow molded tube comprises a hollow turntable, a gathering tube in communication with the turntable, and an air inlet tube in communication with the turntable; the pipe orifice of the air inlet pipe is the air blowing end; the material gathering pipe penetrates through the outer barrel, the lower end of the material gathering pipe is the material gathering end, the upper end of the material gathering pipe is connected with the bottom surface of the rotary table, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the top surface of the rotary table.
4. The method for manufacturing a glass bottle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the raw materials comprise, in parts by mass: 12-15 parts of quartz sand, 5-8 parts of calcite, 3-5 parts of nepheline, 8-10 parts of feldspar, 15-18 parts of cullet and 2-5 parts of fluorite.
5. The method for manufacturing a glass bottle according to claim 4, wherein the ultrasonic operating frequency is 90 to 130 KHz.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710918355.2A CN107572756B (en) | 2017-09-30 | 2017-09-30 | Method for manufacturing glass bottle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710918355.2A CN107572756B (en) | 2017-09-30 | 2017-09-30 | Method for manufacturing glass bottle |
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| CN107572756A CN107572756A (en) | 2018-01-12 |
| CN107572756B true CN107572756B (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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| CN201710918355.2A Active CN107572756B (en) | 2017-09-30 | 2017-09-30 | Method for manufacturing glass bottle |
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| CN108910141B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2024-01-12 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Smoothing device |
| CN112047623A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-08 | 浦江馨妍水晶工艺品有限公司 | Manual processing method of crystal glass handicraft |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3140434B2 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2001-03-05 | 東洋ガラス株式会社 | Take-out mechanism of bottle making machine |
| CN1216823C (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-08-31 | 许昌县华伟玻璃制品有限责任公司 | Technique for fabricating color decorative glass sheet |
| CN201399893Y (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-02-10 | 蔡佳翰 | Bottle base autorotation device |
| CN101653679B (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2014-05-07 | 吉林大学 | Auxiliary scanning reverse-blowing separating exhausting particle filter |
| CN203964582U (en) * | 2014-08-09 | 2014-11-26 | 温州市化学用料厂 | Ferrous sulfate production dryer |
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