CN107571968A - The ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration - Google Patents
The ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN107571968A CN107571968A CN201710742224.3A CN201710742224A CN107571968A CN 107571968 A CN107571968 A CN 107571968A CN 201710742224 A CN201710742224 A CN 201710742224A CN 107571968 A CN107571968 A CN 107571968A
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- ship
- supporting part
- support portion
- fixed support
- mobile supporting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of the ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration, including：Form the fixed support portion of friction pair and mobile supporting part.Load bearing equipment, fixed support portion carry mobile supporting part to mobile supporting part as base under normal circumstances.The CONTACT WITH FRICTION part of the fixed support portion and mobile supporting part is respectively surface of sphere identical spherical crown or is distributed in spherical crown；Described fixed support portion is swung by basic point of the center of gravity of the mobile supporting part carrier, and mobile supporting part keeps the stabilization relative to fixed support portion in the presence of friction pair.Using the scheme in spherical crown or the frictional contact surface of spherical crown, it is able to ensure that fixed support portion and mobile supporting part can rotate against, so that the motion of load bearing equipment movement supporting part is less subject to the influence of fixed support portion, so as to which influence of the hull low frequency shake to ship-borne equipment is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
A kind of vibration absorber of the ship-borne equipment used the present invention relates to ship and ocean engineering platform, it is more particularly to a kind of
High frequency on ship, by a small margin vibration and low frequency can be suppressed simultaneously, significantly shake the combination vibration damping mode influenceed on ship-borne equipment.
It is related to Patent classificating number E04 building E04B buildings in general construction；Wall, for example, partitions；Roof；Floor；Top
Canopy；The isolation of building or other protection E04B1/00 are typically constructed；Be not limited to wall, for example, partitions, or floor or ceiling or
Any structure E04B1/62 isolations or other protection in roof；Component or the special material E04B1/ used for this purpose
92 protection E04B1/98 vibration proofs or the vibration on other undesirable influences or danger.
Background technology
In Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering field, the vibration source on ship can be divided into high frequency, by a small margin vibrational excitation according to characteristic
Source and low frequency, the class of violent oscillatory motion driving source two：According to CCS《Vibration control guide (2012) on ship》, for general
Ship, propeller excitation and diesel engine excitation are main driving sources on ship, and its feature is high frequency, by a small margin；
Hull can be produced six-freedom motion response by environmental load effect, so as to drive ship-borne equipment to do compound movement
(three-dimensional translation：Surging, swaying and heaving, and three-dimensional rotate：Pitching, rolling and head shake), its feature is low frequency, significantly.
By analysis it can be found that gravity caused by inertial acceleration caused by dither, low frequency roll and pitch respectively to
Component and inertial acceleration can have certain weakening to the service behaviour of ship-borne equipment.
At present, ship and Vibration Control of Offshore Platform mainly have passive control, active control, semiautomatic control, mixing control
The several ways such as system.Wherein, passive control is not need the vibration damping control technology of extra power, its simple structure, low cost, easily
In safeguarding and cause extensive concern the advantages that is supported without extra power, and turn into the focus of current application and development.It is existing
Stage, applied to the predominantly power consumption energy-obsorbing and damping of the control measure on ship and platform, including the resistance of spring-damper, tuning quality
Buddhist nun's device (TMD), Tuned Liquid (TLD) etc..
Spring-damper is that most vibration reducing measures is applied in current ship and ocean engineering field, by changing system
The frequency relation that rigidity is come between control system intrinsic vibration and external excitation, and play passive energy dissipation by adding damping equipment
Effect.But to the significantly vibration source of low frequency caused by Yu Haiyang working environment, with spring damping and vibration isolating system can not reach every
Shake effect.
Tuned mass damper (TMD) is made up of mass, spring and damper, and the TMD of addition causes original structure system
Dynamic characteristics change.When original structure bears dynamic action and high vibration, due to TMD masses inertia and to original
Structure applies opposite direction active force, and it, which is damped, also plays power consumption effect, so that the dynamic respons of original structure are substantially decayed.But
That TMD is very sensitive to frequency, only the frequency of the controlled vibration shape of the very close structure of frequency when, effect just can be fine.In addition,
The usual hundreds or even thousands ton of mass, along with systems such as suspensions, take up space huge, installation is inconvenient.Therefore, in ocean
Engineering field, current this vibration reducing measure is only used for platform, and to the compressor as shipborne equipment and does not apply to.
Tuned Liquid (TLD) application the most typical in Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering is tank stabilizer concept, is
A kind of effigurate water container of tool being fixed in structure.During structural vibration, the inertia force of container reclaimed water
It is configured to the controling power to structure to dynamic pressure caused by chamber wall with wave, while the portion of energy of structural vibration also will be due to water
Viscosity and dissipate, so as to reach reduce structural response purpose.TLD is equally very sensitive to frequency.In addition, liquid is shaking
During swinging, can have a negative impact to a certain extent to the stability of ship and ocean platform.Moreover, this vibration damping is arranged at present
The mass motion response for being equally only used for reducing ship and platform is applied, to the compressor as shipborne equipment and is not applied to.
In addition, in some low frequency vibration damping devices (for example, folding pendulum, X-type pendulum, Roberts mechanisms) of other field, generally
Simply applied in the vibration isolation of some precision instruments, the bearing capacity of device is weak, thus for large-tonnage ship-borne equipment it is suitable
Query be present with property.Therefore, it is necessary to the ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration, proposes that the new of ship-borne equipment subtracts
Vibrating device.
The content of the invention
For problem above, a kind of boat-carrying of the ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration proposed by the present invention is set
Standby vibration absorber, including：
Form the fixed support portion of friction pair and mobile supporting part.Supporting part load bearing equipment under normal circumstances is moved, it is fixed
Supporting part carries mobile supporting part as base.
In a preferred embodiment, described mobile support zone is in the surface of fixed support portion, i.e. two supporting parts
Axis it is coaxial, and perpendicular to horizontal direction.
The CONTACT WITH FRICTION part of the fixed support portion and mobile supporting part is respectively surface of sphere identical spherical crown or in ball
Hat distribution；Described fixed support portion is swung by basic point of the center of gravity of the mobile supporting part carrier, and mobile supporting part is rubbing
In the presence of wiping pair, the stabilization relative to fixed support portion is kept.
In a preferred embodiment, the scheme of profile generally spherical crown may be selected in CONTACT WITH FRICTION part, in other implementations
In mode, it is in radial shape multiple contact area schemes arranged evenly into spherical crown that CONTACT WITH FRICTION part, which may be selected, for example is used
The scheme of truss structure, the scheme of slip or rolling factional members is set at the node of truss.
Using the scheme in spherical crown or the frictional contact surface of spherical crown, it can be ensured that fixed support portion and mobile supporting part can
To rotate against so that the motion of load bearing equipment movement supporting part is less subject to the influence of fixed support portion, so as to
Influence of the hull low frequency shake to ship-borne equipment is greatly reduced.
In addition, ball type of contact surface used the design principle of center of gravity, i.e., the described fixed support portion of described description is with institute
State mobile supporting part carrier center of gravity be basic point swing scheme, hull occurred level face motion (surging and swaying) when
Wait, fixed support portion crosses ship-borne equipment center of gravity all the time to the supporting force of mobile supporting part, will not to move supporting part carrying
Equipment produces extra turning moment, can cause equipment so as to fundamentally solve vertical/horizontal swing of conventional ball groove pontoon
Produce larger the problem of rotating against.
As optional embodiment, lubricant, further reducing friction resistance can be added in frictional interface.
Under extreme sea condition, although can be made relatively relative to fixed support portion using the mobile supporting part at ball crown type bottom
Rotation, but because the generations such as ship rolling, pitching swing more acutely (frequency and amplitude etc. join parameter), pretend to be preferable
Embodiment, the friction pair are rolling friction, can further reduce the friction between mobile supporting part and fixed support portion,
Reduce mobile supporting part and the motion amplitude of its load bearing equipment.
Further, as preferred embodiment, have between described fixed support portion and mobile supporting part more
The ball of individual rule distribution, to realize rolling friction.
Further, in order to which ball position is stable when ensureing installation, prevents that ball relative position changes in actual motion
Ball even occurs to spill, (also can be in the upper bottom surface of fixed support portion, i.e. ball crown type in the bottom surface of ball and mobile supporting part
The ground of groove) between retainer or ball recess are set.
For retainer or ball recess scheme, the form similar to universal chou can be used.Meanwhile can with it is foregoing
Scheme coordinates, i.e., it is in radioactive support bar that whole described mobile supporting part is multiple using truss structure fixation, the front end of bar
Described ball is set so that ball is all distributed in a virtual spherical crown surface.
As most preferred embodiment, described fixed support portion is connected with the deck of ship or ocean platform, top
Provided with the ball crown type groove for accommodating the mobile supporting part, described mobile supporting part lower end is corresponding with the ball crown type groove
Spheroid, multiple grooves for accommodating the balls are set on spheroid spherical crown surface.
It is considered that under extreme a-hundred-year sea situation, when ship (ocean platform) on the bow passes through billow, the width of pitching
Degree can exceed that 40 ° in the extreme case, and the position of the relatively described fixed support body of mobile supporter may cause its institute
The center of gravity of the equipment of carrying is located at fixed support body and can be provided (moving the range of movement of supporter outside the scope of support force
More than predetermined amplitude), pretend and be highly less than the depth of the ball crown type groove for preferred embodiment, described spheroid.
Further, described ball crown type groove is provided with the stop part for limiting the spheroid relative motion, to enter one
The relative motion amplitude of the mobile supporting part of step limitation.
As preferred embodiment, stop part can coordinate the shape of the ball crown type groove, be set at the edge of groove upper end
Put the form on prominent stop side (edge)；Also contemplate for setting similar stop side (edge) in the inside of ball crown type groove.
In order to reduce high frequency on ship or ocean platform, by a small margin vibration and self-excited vibration to ship-borne equipment
Influence, as preferred embodiment, dampening assembly is provided with the bottom of fixed support portion, filter high-frequency and slightly vibrations are to ship
The influence of oceangoing ship equipment.
More further, the spring cushion between fixed support portion and upper deck is entered based on " 3 points stable " principle
Row arrangement, sets slideway in spring cushion and base link position in addition, ensures that a shock absorber is fixed, and two other can be with
Generation relative translational movement and rotation.It is mutual can to reduce three spring cushions while three-point shape is ensured into stabilising surface
Relative deformation, so as to farthest reduce stabilising surface curvature.In summary, vibration absorber of the present invention can realize reduction
Upper deck is bent and influence of the torsional deflection to ship-borne equipment.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to embodiment or existing for clearer explanation embodiments of the invention or the technical scheme of prior art
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to do one and simply introduce, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only
Some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, may be used also
To obtain other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic three dimensional views of vibration absorber of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the two dimensional cross-section front view of vibration absorber；
Fig. 3 is the two-dimensional arrangement figure of vibration absorber spring cushion；
The ship-borne equipment anglec of rotation becomes caused by Fig. 4 is slided and is in rolling contact for vibration absorber under the conditions of 10 degree of hull rolling
The relation schematic diagram of change, wherein figure (a) is the time-history curves of rotation angle of equipment caused by the sliding contact of different coefficients of friction
Figure；Figure (b) is the timeamplitude map for being in rolling contact caused rotation angle of equipment；
Fig. 5 is in rolling contact structural representation for vibration absorber；
In figure, 1, ship-borne equipment (this sentences boat-carrying compressor as example), 2, fixed support portion, 3, mobile supporting part,
4th, contact surface, 5, limiter, 6, spring cushion, 7, be in rolling contact structure, 8, mobile supporting part bottom surface, 9, support bottom surface
Hemispherical groove, 10, ball element.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of embodiments of the invention clearer, with reference to the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly completely described：
As Figure 1-Figure 5：
The ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration, it is main to include as base
Fixed support portion 2, changing supporting part, main body is cuboid in the present embodiment, is provided with the groove of ball crown type in cuboid upper end, i.e.,
The part for being shaped as spherical crown, as sphere of contact surface 4 shown in Fig. 2.
In scheme shown in Fig. 1 and 2, fixed support portion 2 is integral, and in actual use, may also set up correspondingly
Truss framework support ball crown type form of grooves contact surface 4, while proof strength, mitigate weight.
The mobile supporting part 3 being arranged in the ball crown type groove, as shown in Fig. 2 generally spheroid, in fig. 2
Lateral projection is inverted spherical crown, and mobile supporting part is identical with the surface of sphere of the spherical crown of fixed support portion so that mobile supporting part and
The surface of fixed support portion can be bonded, and form described contact surface 4.
The mobile supporting part 3 of the scheme described in the present embodiment according to the equipment of its carrying, it is necessary to set the chi of itself
It is very little, using realize the described fixed support portion scheme that is swung using the center of gravity of the mobile supporting part carrier as basic point, i.e.,
Centre-of-gravity principle.
In general, it is necessary to determine the minimum dimension on mobile supporting part top first.
Then, according to the position of centre of gravity of ship-borne equipment, with reference to the minimum dimension position on the mobile supporting part top of determination, really
Determine the radius of fixed support portion.
According to the position of centre of gravity and radius of spherical crown of ship-borne equipment, the friction pair spherical cap structure shape and specific chi are constructed
It is very little.
On this basis, with reference to the ship's General arrangement, " sole plate " external dimensions is designed.
It is final to enable fixed support portion to realize " mistake center of gravity " principle so that fixed support portion can under high sea situation,
Point produces swing on the basis of load bearing equipment center of gravity.
Likewise, described mobile supporting part 3 can use integral section to be molded, for example heavy castings/forging is integrally formed,
Also contemplate for using similar foregoing truss structure to be spliced into overall structure, mitigate weight.The top of mobile supporting part 3 sets phase
The equipment answered, example is used as using boat-carrying compressor in the example shown.
The described bottom spheroid of mobile supporting part 3 is highly less than the depth of the ball crown type groove.In ball crown type groove
Lateral edges be provided with described ball crown type groove and be provided with the baffle plate for limiting the spheroid relative motion.Baffle plate prolongs to trough inner water is flat
Stretch.
In the embodiment shown in the figures, the surface of the described spheroid of mobile supporting part 3 is provided with multiple fixing grooves, in groove
It is respectively arranged the ball of equidimension so that the friction displacement rolling friction between mobile supporting part 3 and fixed support portion 2 so that
Ship-borne equipment preferably keeps stable state when hull shakes in length and breadth.
When sole plate and runing rest relatively rotate, due to the effect of friction, base can produce to runing rest
Raw fixed moment of friction (depending on pressure, contact area, coefficient of friction, radius of turn), acts on runing rest and boat-carrying
Rotating torque is produced in equipment, the rotary acceleration of ship-borne equipment can further be calculated.Further, by analysis result exhibition
Show as shown in figure 4, the coefficient of sliding friction between sole plate and runing rest steel construction is respectively set into 0.05,0.01 and
0.15, although can obtain contact surface between sole plate and runing rest by theoretical calculation uses spherical designs,
Sliding friction causes the phase that ship-borne equipment still can produce 6 degree or so in the presence of 1 year one chance work sea situation load of hull experience
To rotation.Even if on the contact surface plus lubricant, relative rotation angle can only also be reduced to 2 degree.But if sliding friction is become
For rolling friction, relative rotation angle maximum can only can so realize that significantly low frequency transverse and longitudinal shakes condition in hull to 0.2 degree
Lower ship-borne equipment is kept essentially stationary.
Between fixed support portion 2 and upper deck, spring cushion is based on 3 points of stable principles and is arranged, referring to
Fig. 3.On this basis, one of them is arranged to be fixedly connected, and two other is installed in the connection position of shock absorber and sole plate
Put slideway, it is ensured that relative translational movement and rotation can occur, as shown in figure 3, determined so as to change three spring cushions
Base surface relative linear deformability and angular deformation.Therefore, suppress ship on high frequency, vibrate by a small margin while, by changing bullet
The relative position and angle of 3 points of spring shock absorber, can be greatly reduced upper deck bending and torsional deflection is set to boat-carrying
Standby influence.
By using the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, following effect can be reached：
1. hull low frequency can be reduced, significantly shake influence to ship-borne equipment：Significantly low frequency occurs in hull to shake
When dynamic (pitching, rolling and head shake), runing rest and sole plate can produce relative slip.When perfect condition, both
Frictional force is zero between contact surface, and ship motion will not drive runing rest to rotate, so can realize boat-carrying in theory
Equipment is all the time in state without spin.In addition, in the case where actually considering friction, by deriving analysis, sea was met at 1 year one
When condition (work sea situation) pontoon rolling motion is 10 degree or so, actually it is in rolling contact independent of limiter and use
On the premise of, patent can of the present invention causes the roll angle of ship-borne equipment to be less than 0.2 degree, inhibits ship-borne equipment substantially
Rotary motion.Further, when surging and swaying motion occur for hull, the contact surface between runing rest and sole plate
On active force show asymmetric state.But because active force was center of gravity, so while horizontal force is produced,
Inhibit the generation of turning moment.Therefore, 1 year one meet sea situation (work sea situation) pontoon occur significantly low frequency surging and
Swaying motion will not cause ship-borne equipment to produce extra rotary motion.Finally, understand ship-borne equipment z to most greatly by analysis
Speed is generally less than acceleration of gravity 9.81m/s2.Therefore, hull occur six-freedom motion during, runing rest and
Vertical separation will not occur for sole plate, and ball will not equally occur and the accident such as spill.In summary, vibration absorber of the present invention can
Reduce hull low frequency to realize, significantly shake influence to ship-borne equipment.
2. high frequency on ship, the by a small margin influence of vibration and self-excited vibration to ship-borne equipment can be reduced：Based on how free
The pedestal vibration isolation principle of degree system and the vibration attenuation mechanism of single-mode system self-excited vibration, the displacement being calculated according to derivation-
Stiffness curve carries out vibration absorber rigidity Design so that the frequency ratio of system (ship-borne equipment, runing rest and sole plate etc.)
Much larger than √ 2.In addition, on the premise of guarantee can be with safety resonance region, appropriate small damping is chosen, so as to maximum
The transport for reduce to degree system high-frequency, vibrating by a small margin.For example, it is 3.0 in design frequency ratio, when damping ratio is 0.05,
Vibration absorber can cause the dither amplitude being delivered on ship-borne equipment and acceleration to be at least reduced to 10%, equipment self-excitation
Vibration magnifying power is reduced to 5*10-11mN-1.In summary, vibration absorber of the present invention can realize reduce ship on high frequency, slightly
The influence of degree vibration and self-excited vibration to ship-borne equipment.
3. upper deck bending and influence of the torsional deflection to ship-borne equipment can be reduced：First on sole plate and hull
Spring cushion between plate is based on " stable " principle at 3 points and is arranged, is installed in addition in spring cushion and base connection position
Slideway is put, ensures that a shock absorber is fixed, relative translational movement and rotation can occurs in two other.So, it can ensure at 3 points
While forming stabilising surface, reduce the mutual relative deformation of three spring cushions, it is stable so as to farthest reduce
The curvature in face.In summary, vibration absorber of the present invention can realize that reduce upper deck bending and torsional deflection sets to boat-carrying
Standby influence.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of the ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration, it is characterised in that including：Form the fixed support portion of friction pair and mobile supporting part；The CONTACT WITH FRICTION part of the fixed support portion and mobile supporting part is respectively surface of sphere identical spherical crown or divided in spherical crown Cloth；Described fixed support portion is swung by basic point of the center of gravity of the mobile supporting part carrier, and mobile supporting part is in friction pair In the presence of keep relative to fixed support portion stabilization.
- 2. the ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of the ocean working environment according to claim 1 based on high and low frequency vibration, It is further characterized in that：The friction pair is rolling friction.
- 3. the ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of the ocean working environment according to claim 2 based on high and low frequency vibration, It is further characterized in that：There is the ball or directive wheel of the distribution of multiple rules between described fixed support portion and mobile supporting part.
- 4. the ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of the ocean working environment according to claim 3 based on high and low frequency vibration, It is further characterized in that：The contact portion of described mobile supporting part and/or fixed support portion is provided with the fixation for accommodating the ball Portion.
- 5. the ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration according to the claim 1-4 any one claims Ship-borne equipment vibration absorber, is further characterized in that：Described fixed support portion is connected with the deck of ship or ocean platform, and top is provided with the ball for accommodating the mobile supporting part Crown type groove；Described mobile supporting part lower end is spheroid corresponding with the ball crown type groove.
- 6. the ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of the ocean working environment according to claim 5 based on high and low frequency vibration, It is further characterized in that：Described spheroid is highly less than the depth of the ball crown type groove.
- 7. the ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of the ocean working environment according to claim 6 based on high and low frequency vibration, It is further characterized in that：Described ball crown type groove is provided with the stop part for limiting the spheroid relative motion.
- 8. the ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of the ocean working environment according to claim 5 based on high and low frequency vibration, It is further characterized in that described fixed support portion is connected by damping assembly with ship or platform deck.
- 9. the ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of the ocean working environment according to claim 8 based on high and low frequency vibration, It is further characterized in that：Described damping assembly includes three dampers of setting triangular in shape；One of damper is fixed damper, and other two damper passes through longitudinal pivot and transverse pivot with slideway It is connected with described fixed support portion.
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| CN201710742224.3A CN107571968A (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-08-25 | The ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration |
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| CN201710742224.3A CN107571968A (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-08-25 | The ship-borne equipment vibration absorber of ocean working environment based on high and low frequency vibration |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110386228A (en) * | 2019-07-20 | 2019-10-29 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of rolling pitching decoupling bindiny mechanism for the connection of separate type ice formation nuclear power platform |
| WO2021012950A1 (en) * | 2019-07-20 | 2021-01-28 | 大连理工大学 | Connection mechanism for connecting separate nuclear power platforms in ice-covered zone |
| CN112849358A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 天津博迈科海洋工程有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of FPSO pipeline support |
| CN115839069A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-24 | 福州大学 | Ship berthing buffering and three-dimensional berthing stabilizing device and working method thereof |
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| CN110386228A (en) * | 2019-07-20 | 2019-10-29 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of rolling pitching decoupling bindiny mechanism for the connection of separate type ice formation nuclear power platform |
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| CN112849358A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 天津博迈科海洋工程有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of FPSO pipeline support |
| CN115839069A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-24 | 福州大学 | Ship berthing buffering and three-dimensional berthing stabilizing device and working method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180112 |
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