CN107569730A

CN107569730A - A kind of device applied to haemodialysis

Info

Publication number: CN107569730A
Application number: CN201710823579.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐平
Original assignee: Hua Wei (shenzhen) Medical Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Huawei Medical Technology Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2017-09-13
Filing date: 2017-09-13
Publication date: 2018-01-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of device applied to haemodialysis, the device includes the fluid purification component of counter-infiltration film water purification technique and includes the system and method for the dialysate regeneration that the adsorbent box body of specific adsorption material and/or non-specific adsorption material is combined.Wherein, for the specific adsorption material in adsorbent box body mainly for the absorption of urea in dialysis liquid, it, without any chemical change, will not produce the accumulation of any ion in absorption；Non-specific adsorption material in adsorbent box body removes for materials such as the trace metal ion in dialysis liquid, kreatinin, β 2M uric acid, micro-content organisms.Dialysis liquid goes after the removal of impurity to carry out following cycle after influent purification assembly is further purified by reverse osmosis membrane again by adsorbent box body.The present invention can greatly reduce cost, conserve water, and portable compact, mobile flexible, can meet patient simultaneously the hospital and family the needs of.

Description

A kind of device applied to haemodialysis

Technical field

The present invention provides a kind of device applied to haemodialysis, and the dialysis liquid that it is used in hemodialysis system is again It is raw and recycle, including with adsorbent box body and the portable system of liquid cleaning device with sorbing material, more specifically For, the present invention relates to the blood dialysis of patient.

Background technology

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is probably that renal function is lost suddenly or gradually, as the state of an illness constantly aggravates, with serious renal failure The patient exhausted can produce many symptoms, if without treatment, eventually result in death.The stage of CKD most serious is whole end Phase nephrosis (ESRD).ESRD, also referred to as kidney failure, it is that the kidney of a people can not fully remove toxin, waste and surplus liquid And keep the health of appropriate electrolyte level.

Current CKD treatment methods attempt to manage comorbidities, if possible, also slow down the progress of disease.However, with disease Progress, renal function reduces simultaneously finally makes up the renal function of loss using renal replacement therapy.Renal replacement therapy generally needs Transplant a new kidney or dialysed.Rend dialysis is to aid in or instead of part kidney function in the case of severe renal failure Can and carry out a medical procedure.Haemodialysis, blood filtering, hemodiafiltration and peritoneal dialysis are big both for losing The renal replacement therapy of the patient of part or all of renal function.Dialysis can remove many toxin that nature kidney will remove and Waste.In addition, these therapies are used for equilibrium electrolyte or blood salt level and remove more extraction raffinates of the accumulation in patients with renal failure body Body.

Waste that hemodialysis will no longer be able to effectively to be removed by kidney (such as urea, creatinine and phosphorus can be carried out Hydrochlorate) removed from blood.Although being increased year by year by the CKD patient populations tormented, the disease can not but cure.Accumulation is in kidney Surplus liquid in failure patients' body is generally removed by the ultrafiltration of dialysis procedure.

In developed country, hemodialysis procedure is generally carried out weekly three times, each 3-5 hours.In certain areas, blood is saturating Analysis is less conventional, and the frequency carried out is also lower.Dialysis by by waste solute, excess electrolyte and surplus liquid from patient Removed in blood to imitate renal function.

In dialysis procedure, the blood samples of patients containing high concentration waste solute is exposed to the dialysis solution with solute deficiency The pellicle of (dialyzate) contact.Remove solute by cross-film disperse and realize electrolyte balance.By pellicle in pressure Lower cross-haul traffic is acted on to remove liquid, commonly referred to as ultrafiltration.After blood purification, patient's body is returned it to.Although to removing Waste in blood is effective, but dialysis treatment, which is interval, to be implemented, therefore is unable to the continuous function of natural imitation kidney.This Outside, many inconvenience related to dialysis be present, such as must go to dialysis center and must carry out weekly repeatedly time-consuming Treatment.

Although haemodialysis removes surplus liquid, the dialysis interim of haemodialysis timetable makes the waste of patient Remove, impurity is removed, liquid is removed and electrolyte balance situation changes.

These changes make patient produce complication and cause high incidence and the death rate.From the 1990s mid-term with Come, some doctors propose to be tried to eliminate and the haemodialysis time three-times-weekly by increasing dialysis frequency and treatment time Table about the problem for the treatment of method.Two nearest random controlled clinical researches show that frequent dialysis therapy has system Notable benefit on meter.(Culleton BF et al. were in 2007 by Culleton et al.《American Medical Association》Volume 297 The 11 interim articles " frequent evening blood dialysis and contrast of the conventional hemodialysis to left ventricular mass and quality of life " delivered) Claim, compared with conventional hemodialysis (three-times-weekly), daily night carry out haemodialysis improve left ventricular mass (death rate Represent), reduce the demand of blood pressure medication, and improve some mineral metabolism measures.(FHN Testing Team is 2010 for FHN experiments Year《New England Journal of Medicine》In deliver article " it is secondary on every Saturdays with three-times-weekly dialysis central blood dialysis contrast ") It is the contrast that frequency increases to weekly the hemodialysis of 5.2 times and traditional therapy three-times-weekly：" and conventional hemodialysis Compare, frequently haemodialysis is in terms of the death rate or left ventricular mass change and the death rate or health comprehensive score Synthesis result is favourable." according to the data, if discontinuously dialysed, nephrotic is allowed to carry out 5-7 times weekly thoroughly Analysis will be desirable.

Although there is the clinical effectiveness of Culleton and FHN researchs, few patients carry out the saturating of upper frequency at present Analysis treatment.Due to the burden and Cost Problems frequently treated, frequent haemodialysis is only used sub-fraction patient.Very It is also the great burden of ESRD patient to therapy three-times-weekly, and due to equipment known to shortage and additional procedures can be produced Expense, so increase therapeutic frequency it is often highly difficult.Most of dialysis is carried out at dialysis center；Therefore, it is necessary to profit Realized conscientiously with a kind of simple, portable, safety and be available for patient to stay at home or enter technology that community medicine center uses Frequent haemodialysis.

Typical dialysis machine, which services a patient, needs 120 liters or more of dialyzate, and the dialyzate must be by special Water purification system produces.A large amount of this Typical requirements of purified water cause one of obstacle, because fixed, expensive and often building Upper incompatible Water warfare water drainage-supply system must be connected with pipeline.

In the world there is another road treatment obstacle relevant with water in developing region, because can reach in ESRD patient Apart from the interior infrastructure that a large amount of purified waters of generation may be not present.It therefore, there is no need to the dialysis treatment system of a large amount of purified waters It will can increase availability of the Hemodialysis treatment to such regional ESRD patient of rescue life.In such area, using only The system that several liters of drinking water or bottled drinking water can provide dialysis treatment has special value.In developing region or even Can be moved to needs for providing the pattern of Hemodialysis treatment of rescue life by the developed regions of natural calamity The position of the treatment and the mobile dialysis apparatus that required treatment is provided.Small volume, it is light, do not need a large amount of purified waters and equipment to transport The those of skill in the art and the equipment of Proportion of patients that row need not be higher are the selections of this treatment delivery mode.

Dialysis needs a large amount of dialyzates to be attributable to a certain extent in dialyzate, is removed from dialysis patient blood The disperse of waste and the balance of electrolyte need substantial amounts of solution.The regeneration of useless dialyzate is unidirectional, is eliminated with will pass through The needs for laying in a large amount of fresh dialysis fluids reduce the cumulative volume of dialysis system.However, existing useless dialysate regeneration technology is met Various limitations are arrived.For example, dialyzate recirculating system (" REDY systems ") may by the pH value away from physiological standard and The limitation of na concn change.REDY^TM(Regenerative DialYsis) system for be blended with filtering and sorbent material this The example of the adsorbent box body system being obtained commercially of the setting of sample.Regenerate dialyse during, using or consumption dialyzate pass through The layer of box can move up and high purity regenerated dialyzate can export discharge to be recycled to dialysis component from box.Can be by work Property charcoal or carbon-coating be used for absorb the organic metabolites such as kreatinin, uric acid and nitrogenous metabolic waste of patient and the chlorine from water With ammonia amine.The urase used in urase layer can be the enzyme that catalysis urea is hydrolyzed to carbon dioxide and ammonia.In common adsorbents box Ammonium carbonate is discharged by urase layer.Caused ammonium can be for example exchanged in cation exchange layer to discharge Na+ and H+ in urase layer Removed in the adsorbent basic zirconium phosphate of ion.Adsorbent box is generally made up of the material of costliness, such as basic zirconium phosphate.Urea --- in blood Main metabolic waste, it is a kind of neutral, water miscible compound so that urea is difficult to by largely adsorbing from dialyzate In be eliminated.Urea is converted into ammonium carbonate by urea by a kind of enzymatic conversion being present in adsorbent box.In the micro- of dialyzate In the environment of alkaline ph value, ammonia exists in the form of positively charged ammonium ion, and positively charged ammonium ion is more easy to pass through ion Exchange material is adsorbed.However, removing ammonium using ion exchange material, while also remove to be present in dialyzate and be used to protect Hold other electrolyte of physiological compatibility, including Mg²⁺And Ca²⁺And K⁺.There is provided by the zirconia material in adsorbent box very big one Point cation adsorbing capabilities and ammonium adsorption capacity thus are all by Mg²⁺And Ca²⁺And K⁺Absorption consume.Therefore clearly require Preserve the adsorption capacity of ammonium.Carbonate from urea hydrolysis then can be with H⁺With reference to form bicarbonate radical (HCO₃ ^—) and carbonic acid (H₂CO₃).Carbonic acid is unstable organic acid；Its majority is cracked into water and carbon dioxide molecule (CO rapidly₂).Anion exchange Layer, such as counter ion can remove HCO containing acetate₃ ^—, and other ions are (for example, the F in water^—), and discharge acetate. CO₂Bubble is discharged from box.The research and development of dialyzate recirculating technique are generated using activated carbon, urase, zirconium base, aluminium base and magnesium substrates The system of the various adsorbent mediums such as material.However, the problem of relevant with useless dialyzate adsorbent reactivation is exactly to be used as adsorption process Byproduct and the sodium ion accumulation that is released, it is therefore desirable to height control na concn, and in this ion exchange process In, while other electrolyte for being used to keep physiological compatibility being present in dialyzate are also removed, including Mg²⁺And Ca²⁺With K⁺.Therefore, prior art still has the problem of more, it is necessary to be improved.

Some systems have been attempted by allowing external running water water source to solve the problems, such as volume and weight.However, will originally Water access dialysis system needs extra control techniques, so as to add the complexity of system and size.Therefore, such system can Mobile or portable applications can not helped.

Dialysate regeneration system based on adsorbent refers to Marantz et al. the 3rd, 669, No. 878 United States Patent (USP), should Patent describes is removed urea and ammonium ion using adsorbents such as urase, ammonium carbonate and basic zirconium phosphates from useless dialyzate； Marantz et al. the 3rd, 669, No. 880 United States Patent (USP), that patent describes pass through basic zirconium phosphate, activated carbon and hydrous zirconium oxide(HZO) Fluid column introduces the dialyzate of controlled quatity；Marantz et al. the 3rd, 850, No. 835 United States Patent (USP), that patent describes hydration Aoxidize the generation of wrong Ion Exchange Medium；And Marantz et al. the 3rd, 989, No. 622 United States Patent (USP), that patent describes Urase is adsorbed on aluminum oxide and magnesium silicate medium so as to which liquid area is changed into ammonium carbonate.

Ash No. 4,581,141 United States Patent (USP), which describes, utilizes calcium base cation-exchanger, urase and aliphatic carboxylic acid tree Fat removes level of uremic substances from dialyzate.Alberti et al. No. 4,826,663 United States Patent (USP) describes one kind and prepared The method of basic zirconium phosphate ion-exchanger.Wong No. 6,627,164 United States Patent (USP) describes produces use during renal dialysis Describe in the 7th, 566, No. 432 United States Patent (USP) of the sodium zirconium carbonate of ion exchange, and Wong and produced in reproducibility dialysis procedure The raw basic zirconium phosphate particle for ion exchange.Wong No. 6,818,196 United States Patent (USP), Wong No. 7,736,507 U.S. State's patent, Wong No. 2002/0112609 U.S. Patent Application Publication, Wong No. 2010/0078387 United States Patent (USP) Open No. 2010/00784330 U.S. Patent Application Publication with Wong of application describes net using the dialyzate of sodium zirconium carbonate Change box.

Thompson No. 6,878,283 United States Patent (USP), Rosenbaum et al. No. 7,776,210 United States Patent (USP), Rosenbaum et al. No. 2010/0326911 U.S. Patent Application Publication, Merchant No. 2010/0078381 U.S. The of state's patent application publication, Updyke et al. No. 2009/0127193 U.S. Patent Application Publication and Updyke et al. No. 2011/0017665 U.S. Patent Application Publication, which describes to filter with polytypes such as zirconium compounds, urase and aluminum oxide, to be situated between The dialysis system filter cartridge of matter.The A1 of W0 2009/157877 describe the urase material that a kind of urase is fixed in matrix, the material Material mixes with cation exchange material or zirconium phosphate material, to improve the operability of obstruction reduction situation and to improve urase production The absorption situation of raw ammonium ion.

The management of impurity refers to Thompson No. 4,460,555 United States Patent (USP) and Polak etc. in regenerated dialysate The 4th, 650, No. 587 United States Patent (USP) of people, this two patents describe the magnesium phosphate medium for ammonia to be removed from the aqueous solution； Gura et al. No. 2009/0282980 U.S. Patent Application Publication；Leifer et al. exists《Air and marine technology magazine》 The 1392-1402 pages of volume 17 article " research on the temperature change of big cleaning bobble rise velocity " delivered；Talaia The 264-68 pages article delivered of volume 28 in World Science, engineering and Institute for Research and Technology's magazine " bubble rising in fluid column Terminal velocity "；264-68；Beck No. 12/937,928 U.S. Patent application；No. 5,468,388 of Goddard et al. United States Patent (USP)；Kirsch No. 12/182,489 U.S. Patent application；Gura et al. No. 12/355,128 United States Patent (USP) Apply for Johnson No. 4,371,385 United States Patent (USP)；Boucher et al. No. 4,381,999 United States Patent (USP)； Wallenborg et al. No. 12/516,786 U.S. Patent application；Lindsay et al. No. 4,828,693 U.S. is special Profit；Kenley et al. No. 5,762,782 United States Patent (USP)；Wang et al. No. 7,981,082 United States Patent (USP)；And Palmer No. 13/100,847 U.S. Patent application.

Those can not reach or would rather not go the ESRD patient at dialysis center to be required to make these tasks to simplify and automatic The system and/or method of change.Also need to that Hemodialysis treatment is expanded to individual or lived in developing region, family to be available for dialysing The limited people in space that equipment uses, including live in the ESRD patient in the room shared by several patients.

The content of the invention

The invention provides one kind by counter-infiltration film water purification technique and to include specific adsorption material and/or non-specific Property sorbing material adsorbent box body be combined dialysis liquid regeneration system and method.

Dialysis liquid regenerative system of the present invention can be further with needing to use any dialysis system of dialysis liquid With reference to.The technological core of the present invention is to provide one kind, and with specific adsorption material is included, (urea of non-enzymatic urea bonding agent is inhaled It is attached) adsorbent box body, without any chemical change in the adsorption process of its urea in dialysis liquid, be one based on it is main- Object bag connects the pure physical process of complexing.Therefore, NH4 is not present during⁺Ammonium ion and Na⁺The exchange of sodium ion, from And Na need not be overcome⁺Technology barrier and worry unnecessary the removing while ion exchange of sodium ion accumulation are present in The other electrolyte for being used to keep physiological compatibility in analysis liquid, including Mg²⁺And Ca²⁺And K⁺, compared with prior art, have larger Advantage.

The invention provides a kind of device applied to haemodialysis, it is characterised in that including at least one adsorbent box Body；Comprising at least specific adsorption material and/or non-specific adsorption material in the adsorbent box body, contain specific adsorption The adsorbent box body of material is used for adsorbing the materials such as the urea in dialysis liquid；

The specific adsorption material comprises at least beta-schardinger dextrin, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin group, beta-schardinger dextrin crosslinking Compound afterwards, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin chemical modification modification, beta-schardinger dextrin polymerize through the modified compound of chemical modification The high polymer material formed, the n-alkyl chain group containing 6 carbon and the above compound in any one or they between Arbitrary proportion combination；

The non-specific adsorption material include at least activated carbon, molecular sieve any one or it is any between them Ratio combines；

The specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption material are contained in an adsorbent box or are respectively charged into not Same adsorbent box body.

Preferably, the mass percent of the specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption material is (1:99) extremely (99:1)

Dialysis liquid flows into the adsorbent box body and flowed out after adsorbent box body removes at least one impurity；

The non-specific adsorption material is used for removing the kreatinin (creatinine) in dialysis liquid, β 2M uric acid (β 2M-uric acid), micro-content organism (trace organics) etc..The materials such as activated carbon, molecular sieve can be used.It is preferred that , using absorbent charcoal material as non-specific adsorption material, preferable adsorption effect can be obtained.

Specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption material can be placed in same adsorbent box body in the present invention, It can also be respectively put into different adsorbent box bodys, you can so that specific adsorption material first is put into first box body, then Non-specific adsorption material is put into second box body again or reverse order is placed, first box body passes through with second box body Pipeline or it is other can allow for being attached by the component of fluid, its connection has no sequencing.Dialysis liquid, which flows into, to be inhaled Variation is presented in the path of attached dose of box body, i.e., dialysis liquid, which can flow through, is mounted with specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption The box body of material flows out after removing the impurity in dialysis liquid；Or dialysis liquid first flowed through and is mounted with non-specific adsorption material The box body for being mounted with specific adsorption material is flowed into after the box body of material again；Or dialysis liquid first flowed through and is mounted with non-specificity The box body for being mounted with specific adsorption material is flowed into after the box body of sorbing material again, these paths can realize dialysis liquid The removal effect of impurity.

Preferably, described specific adsorption material comprises at least beta-schardinger dextrin, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin group, ring-type One kind in the Urea absorbent of more aldehyde structures, non-specific adsorption material include activated carbon；The specific adsorption material with The mass percent of non-specific adsorption material is 1:1 to 20:1

The haemodialysis equipment of the present invention at least also includes fluid purification component, dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system, dialysis Liquid, the dialysis component for being swapped from patient blood and dialysis liquid；The dialysis component is handed over including dialysis liquid Container, arterial-venous transit container, the pellicle with dialysis function are changed, dialysis liquid exchanging container passes through tool with arterial-venous transit container The pellicle for having dialysis function is connected；

The adsorbent box body is connected with fluid purification component, and fluid purification component is connected with dialyzate constituent adjustment system Connect, dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system is connected with dialysis liquid exchanging container, dialysis liquid exchanging container and adsorbent box body phase Connection.

Described adsorbent box body is dismountable, can pass through the detachable members such as movable bolt, buckle, clamping device Adsorbent box body is connected with fluid purification component, after the completion of dialysis, removable unit replacement adsorbent box body can be passed through.

The fluid purification component can comprise at least reverse osmosis membrane (Reverse Osmosis Film), in milipore filter or A kind of or between them combination in the similar filter membrane that can purify liquid, it is preferred that liquid cleaning device includes reverse osmosis Permeable membrane；The water of access purification is installed in fluid purification component or the access tube for the water not being cleaned, access tube are provided with water inlet Valve, unlatching and closure control water for dialysis amount by water intaking valve.

Specifically dialysis flow is for it：

Step 1)：Water intaking valve is first turned on, the water or the water of purification not being cleaned are purified by water intaking valve influent Dialyzate constituent adjustment system is flowed into after component, when the water of needs reaches water for dialysis amount set in advance, closes water inlet Valve；

Step 2)：Water for dialysis after fluid purification component enters dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system, adjust by dialyzate composition The concentration that section system detects each solute in liquid by component sensor (such as potassium ion, receives ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, chlorine Ion, acetate ion, glucose etc.) whether meet the standard of dialysis liquid set in advance, if dialysis liquid composition is not Meet normal concentration set in advance, then need to add corresponding solute and configured, it is met the standard of dialysis liquid.

Step 3)：The dialysis liquid for meeting dialysis liquid ingredient standard enters thoroughly from dialysis constituent adjustment system after outflow The dialysis liquid exchanging container in component is analysed, meanwhile, the blood of patient is accessed by conduit or any other suitable blood In the arterial-venous transit container that device is flowed into dialysis component from patient's body by blood outlet.

Step 4)：In component of dialysing, blood samples of patients completes blood after carrying out dialysis treatment by pellicle with dialysis liquid Liquid dialysis procedure, the blood after cleaning flow into patient's body, and used dialysis liquid is flowed into adsorbent box body.

Step 5)：Dialysis liquid is flowed into progress specific adsorption in adsorbent box body and goes to clean with non-specific adsorption Matter, fluid purification is entered back into after going the removal of impurity by the specific adsorption material in adsorbent box body and non-specific adsorption material Following cycle is carried out after device.

Step 6)：Repeat step 2) to step 5), until completing the dialysis treatment session of single patient；

In the inventive solutions, the water or the water of purification not being cleaned are saturating by being flowed into after fluid purification component Analysis liquid constituent adjustment system is not that each circulation is required for feeding water, only works as dialyzate after the completion of dialysis liquid configuration Body is depleted to the supplement for just needing to carry out water again when being insufficient for dialysing water used, i.e., when water for dialysis deficiency When, the supply of water can be carried out by opening water intaking valve.

The invention also discloses a kind of dialysis apparatus applied to haemodialysis equipment, it is characterised in that including at least one Adsorbent box body, fluid purification component, dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system, dialysis liquid, for from patient blood with dialysis The dialysis component that liquid swaps；The dialysis component includes dialysis liquid exchanging container, arterial-venous transit container, has dialysis The pellicle of function, dialysis liquid exchanging container are connected with arterial-venous transit container by the pellicle with dialysis function；Institute State adsorbent box body with fluid purification component to be connected, fluid purification component is connected with dialyzate constituent adjustment system, dialyzate Body constituent adjustment system is connected with dialysis liquid exchanging container, and dialysis liquid exchanging container is connected with adsorbent box body；

Preferably, described device be may move, mancarried device.Compact can be accomplished according to sick Man's Demands, appointed Meaning movement, allow a patient to be in, haemodialysis is completed in office space etc..

In technical solution of the present invention, specific adsorption material that adsorbent box body includes and non-specific adsorption material into This is all relatively low, and specific adsorption material is the chemical combination after beta-schardinger dextrin, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin group, beta-schardinger dextrin crosslinking The height that thing, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin chemical modification modification, beta-schardinger dextrin are polymerized through the modified compound of chemical modification Molecular material, n-alkyl chain group containing 6 carbon and the above compound in any one or any ratio between them Example combination is used as specific adsorption material, and these materials synthesis are more convenient, and cost is very low.Such as：Cycloheptaamylose is industry Good excipient, flavouring, stabilizer, emulsifying agent, preservative, quality improver in production, it is widely used in pharmacy industry, food Exploitation improves the stability and product quality of product in the fields such as conduct industry, daily-use chemical industry, on the market price 200-400 members/kg, And in the prior art using the method for chemical reaction, the urea in dialysis liquid is converted into the chemicals containing ammonium ion, entered And use zirconium oxide every to these compounds of ammonium ion progress Adsorption, the market price of wherein zirconium oxide as adsorbent Kilogram 2500-5000 members/kg.As can be seen here, the present invention can drastically reduce cost, mitigate patient burden, realize social benefit.It is non- In specific adsorption material, the present invention can at least use a kind of or between them mixing in activated carbon and molecular sieve.

Fresh dialysis liquid in component of dialysing with blood by pellicle after being swapped, the dialysis liquid of outflow Mainly contain body metabolism waste urea, inorganic salts, trace metal ion, kreatinin (creatinine), β 2M uric acid (β 2M- Uric acid), micro-content organism (trace organics) etc., these harmful substances need to be again introduced into dialysis liquid Analysis is removed when exchanging, otherwise by critical patient's life.Therefore the present invention mainly adsorbs urea by specific adsorption material, Using the method for physical absorption, it does not chemically react with dialysis liquid, will not also discharge ion and enter in dialysis liquid.It is non- Specific materials are mainly used to remove inorganic salts, trace metal ion, kreatinin, β 2M uric acid, micro-content organism etc..Obviously, thoroughly It is a large amount of inside dialysis liquid after liquid is analysed by the reagent box body containing these non-specific materials and specific materials material Harmful substance is all completely removed, and remaining micro material, such as ion, small-molecule chemical thing are passing through fluid purification component In reverse osmosis membrane or milipore filter etc. further remove, dialysis liquid is entered dialysis circulation next time, this is greatly Reduce fluid purification component impurity and remove burden, extend the service life of reverse osmosis membrane or milipore filter in fluid purification component.Its In, the adsorbent box body containing Characteristic Adsorption material and/or non-adsorbent material is because its manufacturing cost is relatively low, to absolutely mostly Main function is played in the removing of harmful substance in several dialysis liquids, and its service life can only complete the once saturating of single patient The circulation of analysis (maintaining to use 3-6 hours).And subordinate work is only played in removing of the fluid purification component to dialysis liquid harmful substance With (because after sorbing material adsorbs dialysis liquid, the only thing such as the ion of residual minim, small molecule, macromolecular in dialysis liquid Matter), therefore fluid purification component is can to carry out circulating in utilization, and it is not limited solely to the single dialysis of patient.Complete In the dialysis procedure of single patient, it is only necessary to about 15-30L water, and traditional dialysis process is used, it is necessary to use 120L Water, the method for employing the present invention can be seen, water consumption is only the 1/8-1/4 of former water consumption, is greatly reduced water consumption.

The adsorbent box body of the present invention includes shell, input port, delivery outlet, and input port is with delivery outlet respectively positioned at shell Apparent surface or other positions, shell shape is unlimited, can make cylinder, rectangle, square, cone etc. and appoint Meaning regularly or irregularly three-dimensional shape, it is preferred that shell uses cylindrical structural or cone.Include at least in shell One flat bed or perpendicular layer or the combination Rotating fields between them, wherein specific adsorption material and/or non-specific adsorption material It can place in Rotating fields.If having sandwich construction in shell, it is between layers by can allow for dialysis liquid to pass through Apertured partition separate, make not contact with each other between specific adsorption material and/or non-specific adsorption material.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has prominent substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement, is mainly reflected in following several Individual aspect：

1) dialysis system that the present invention uses includes the liquid cleaning device of reverse osmosis membrane and includes specific row and inhales The dialysis liquid system that the adsorbent box body of enclosure material and/or non-specific adsorption material is combined, because dialysis liquid is passing through Most harmful substances are removed in adsorbent box body, remaining fraction of material is by fluid purification component by reverse osmosis membrane Purifying, the filtering burden of the fluid purification component thus reduced, increases the service life.Due to the presence of liquid cleaning device, Large-scale Water warfare preparation system need not be used, be directly accessed liquid cleaning device using the running water pipe of family expenses and can be carried out Haemodialysis uses.Therefore, dialysis system of the invention can make less portable unit, patient can be made to complete at home Dialysis, has the characteristics that portable, flexible.

2) by using the present invention, it is only necessary to which 15-30L water can completes the single dialysis procedure of a patient, and adopts With traditional dialysis process, the single dialysis procedure for completing a patient needs to use 120L water, using the water consumption of the present invention The 1/8-1/4 of only former water consumption, great using water wisely ratio.

3) present invention is used using beta-schardinger dextrin as base and corresponding modified chemicals as specific adsorption material With the compound containing 6 carbon and the n-alkyl chain group of the above compared to using examination of the zirconium oxide as adsorbent in the prior art Agent box, its cost is cheap and kit is as disposable product, changes more convenient.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 includes specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption material is positioned over an adsorbent box body schematic diagram；

Fig. 2 includes two adsorbent box body schematic diagrames of specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption material；

Fig. 3 includes two adsorbent box body schematic diagrames of non-specific adsorption material and specific adsorption material；

Fig. 4 includes the kit of sorptive material and the schematic diagram of fluid purification component；

The schematic diagram of Fig. 5 haemodialysis equipment systems；

Another schematic diagram of Fig. 6 haemodialysis equipment systems；

A kind of schematic diagram of internal structure of Fig. 7 adsorbent box bodys；

The internal structure another kind schematic diagram of Fig. 8 adsorbent box bodys；

The synthetic route chart of Fig. 9 grafted by beta cyclodextrin polymer；

The structure chart of the Urea absorbent of the more aldehyde structures of Figure 10 ring-types；

The synthetic route of the chain modified silicon dioxide microsphere of Figure 11 n-hexyl alkyl；

The silane coupler of Figure 12 alkyl chains containing n-octyl carries out surface modification to polyesters nonwoven cloth material.

Fig. 1 into Figure 12,

1：Adsorbent box body；1-1：Adsorbent box body；1-2：Adsorbent box body；100：Specific adsorption material；110：It is non- Specific adsorption material；31：Dialysis liquid entrance；32：Dialysis liquid exports； 33：Dialysis liquid exports；302：Fluid purification Component；303：Dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system；304：Dialysis liquid exchanging container；305：Arterial-venous transit container；306：It is semi-transparent Film；307：Dialysis component；308：Water after the water not being cleaned or purification；309：Water intaking valve.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

The invention provides a kind of device applied to haemodialysis, it is characterised in that including at least one adsorbent box Body (1), box body are provided with dialysis liquid input port and dialysis liquid delivery outlet, and input port is located at the both ends phase of box body with delivery outlet To position, as shown in Figure 1；Comprising at least specific adsorption material (100) in the adsorbent box body, contain specific adsorption The box body of material is used for adsorbing the materials such as the urea in dialysis liquid；

Non-specific adsorption material (110) is included in the adsorbent box body (1)；

The specific enclosure material (100) and non-specific adsorption material (110) are contained in an adsorbent box (1)；

Dialysis liquid flows into the adsorbent box body (1) and flowed out after adsorbent box body (1) removes at least one impurity；

The non-specific adsorption material is used for removing the kreatinin (creatinine) in dialysis liquid, β 2M uric acid (β 2M-uric acid), micro-content organism (trace organics) etc..The materials such as activated carbon, molecular sieve can be used.It is preferred that , using absorbent charcoal material as non-specific adsorption agent, preferable adsorption effect can be obtained.

Dialysis liquid flows into non-specific adsorption material (110) again after can first flowing through specific adsorption material (100) Flow out again or dialysis liquid can first flow through non-specific adsorption material (110) after flow into specific adsorption material again (100) flowed out again after, the order that dialysis liquid flows into the sorbing materials for inhaling species different from outflow can be changed.

In a further embodiment, adsorbent box body, which includes sorptive material and sorptive material, can multilayer, and its is suitable Sequence can be configured according to the actual conditions of the harmful substance of dialysis liquid.Flowing through path and can be such as dialysis liquid：

Specific adsorption material → non-specific adsorption material → specific adsorption material.Or non-specific adsorption material → specific adsorption material → non-specific adsorption material.

Embodiment 2

The invention provides a kind of device applied to haemodialysis, it is characterised in that including at least two adsorbent boxes Body (1-1) and (1-2), box body are provided with dialysis liquid input port and dialysis liquid delivery outlet, and input port is located at box with delivery outlet The both ends relative position of body, as shown in Figure 2；The adsorbent box body 1-1 is connected with the adsorbent box body 1-2；

Comprising at least specific adsorption material (100) in the adsorbent box body (1-1), contain specific adsorption material Box body is used for adsorbing the materials such as the urea in dialysis liquid；

The specific adsorption material (100) comprises at least beta-schardinger dextrin, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin group, β-ring paste Compound that compound, beta-schardinger dextrin chemical modification after essence crosslinking are modified, beta-schardinger dextrin is through the modified chemical combination of chemical modification The high polymer material that thing is polymerized, the n-alkyl chain group containing 6 carbon and the above compound in any one or it Between arbitrary proportion combination；

At least non-specific adsorption material (110) is included in the adsorbent box body (1-2)；

The non-specific adsorption material (110) is included at least between any one or they of activated carbon, molecular sieve Arbitrary proportion combination；

Dialysis liquid flows into the adsorbent box body (1-2) and adsorbent box body (1-1) and through adsorbent box body (1-2) Flowed out after removing at least one impurity with adsorbent box body (1-1)；

Embodiment 3

The invention provides a kind of device applied to haemodialysis, it is characterised in that including at least two adsorbent boxes Body (1-1) and (1-2), box body are provided with dialysis liquid input port and dialysis liquid delivery outlet, and input port is located at box with delivery outlet The both ends relative position of body, as shown in Figure 3；The adsorbent box body 1-1 is connected with the adsorbent box body 1-2；The suction It is used in attached dose of box body (1-1) comprising at least specific adsorption material (100), the box body (1-1) containing specific adsorption material Adsorb the materials such as the urea in dialysis liquid；

The specific adsorption material (100) comprises at least beta-schardinger dextrin, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin group, beta-schardinger dextrin Compound that compound after crosslinking, beta-schardinger dextrin chemical modification are modified, beta-schardinger dextrin are through the modified compound of chemical modification The high polymer material being polymerized, the n-alkyl chain group containing 6 carbon and the above compound in any one or they Between arbitrary proportion combination；

Dialysis liquid flows into the adsorbent box body (1-1) and adsorbent box body (1-2) and through adsorbent box body (1-1) Flowed out after removing at least one impurity with adsorbent box body (1-2)；

Embodiment 4

Referring to Fig. 4, haemodialysis equipment of the invention includes adsorbent box body (1), fluid purification component (302), dialysis Liquid inlet (31), dialysis liquid delivery outlet (32), dialysis liquid delivery outlet (33).Adsorbent box body (1) and fluid purification Component (302) is connected by dialysis liquid delivery outlet (32), and adsorbent box body is provided with dialysis liquid input port (31) and dialysed Liquid outlet (32), input port (31) are located at the both ends relative position of box body with delivery outlet (32), and delivery outlet (33) is located at liquid On body purification assembly.Fluid purification component employs reverse osmosis membrane (Reverse Osmosis Film), and adsorbent box body (1) contains There is one or more, adsorbent box body (1) contains specific enclosure material (100) and non-specific adsorption material (110).Work When, dialysis liquid flows into the adsorbent box body (400) and removes the urea of dialysis liquid, inorganic salts, micro- through adsorbent box body Measure metal ion, kreatinin, β 2M uric acid, again from delivery outlet (42) influent purifier after micro-content organism, by liquid Reverse osmosis membrane in purification assembly (302) flows after the micro element of dialysis liquid is gone out through dialysis liquid delivery outlet (33) Go out.

Adsorbent box body it is dismountable, can by the detachable members such as movable bolt, buckle, clamping device will adsorb Agent box body is connected with fluid purification component, after the completion of dialysis, can change adsorbent box body by detachable member.

In addition, in other embodiments, the adsorbent box body of haemodialysis equipment can also be 2, and one of them is included There is specific enclosure material, another includes non-specific adsorption material, and the order of connection of two adsorbent box bodys is simultaneously unrestricted, Dialysis liquid can first pass through the adsorbent box body for including specific adsorption material, can also first flow through and include non-specificity The adsorbent box body of material, finally flowed out again from another adsorbent box body.

Embodiment 5

Referring to Fig. 5, haemodialysis equipment of the invention includes adsorbent box body (1), fluid purification component (302), dialysis Liquid component regulating system (303), dialysis liquid, the dialysis component for being swapped from patient blood and dialysis liquid (307), the water (308) after water intaking valve (309), the water that is not cleaned or purification；The dialysis component is handed over including dialysis liquid Change container (304), arterial-venous transit container (305), the pellicle (306) with dialysis function, dialysis liquid exchanging container (304) It is connected with arterial-venous transit container (305) by the pellicle (306) with dialysis function；Adsorbent box body (1) and liquid are net Change component (302) to be connected, fluid purification component (302) is connected with dialyzate constituent adjustment system (303), dialysis liquid composition Regulating system (303) is connected with dialysis liquid exchanging container (304), dialysis liquid exchanging container (304) and adsorbent box body (1) Water (308) after the water be connected, not being cleaned or purification is connected by pipeline with fluid purification component, water intaking valve (309) it is arranged on pipeline, unlatching and closure control water for dialysis amount by water intaking valve.Fluid purification component (302) can wrap Include reverse osmosis membrane (Reverse Osmosis Film) or fluid purification component (302) may include in milipore filter or similar reverse osmosis The combination of permeable membrane and milipore filter, the combination of these three that fluid purification component includes can realize the dialysis function of the present invention, One of selection in practical work process.

Preferably, fluid purification component (302) includes reverse osmosis membrane.

Being comprised at least in adsorbent box body has specific adsorption material (100) and non-specific adsorption material (120)；

Specifically dialysis flow is for it：

Step 1)：First turn on water intaking valve (309), the water (308) of the water not being cleaned or purification passes through water intaking valve (309) influent purification assembly (302) flows into dialyzate constituent adjustment system (303) afterwards, when the water of needs reaches advance During the water for dialysis amount of setting, water intaking valve (309) is closed；

Step 2)：Water for dialysis flows into dialyzate constituent adjustment system (303) afterwards by fluid purification component (302), thoroughly Analysis liquid constituent adjustment system (303) by component sensor detect liquid in each solute concentration (such as potassium ion, receive ion, Calcium ion, magnesium ion, chlorion, acetate ion, glucose etc.) whether meet the standard of dialysis liquid set in advance, such as Fruit dialysis liquid composition is unsatisfactory for normal concentration set in advance, then needs to add corresponding solute and configured, and makes its satisfaction The standard of dialysis liquid.

Step 3)：Meet the dialysis liquid of dialysis liquid ingredient standard after the middle outflow of dialysis constituent adjustment system (303) Dialysis liquid exchanging container (304) into dialysis component, meanwhile, the blood of patient passes through conduit or any other suitable Blood access device from patient's body by blood outlet be flowed into dialysis component in arterial-venous transit container in (305).

Step 4)：In component of dialysing, blood samples of patients passes through complete after pellicle (306) progress dialysis treatment with dialysis liquid Into blood dialysis, the blood after cleaning flows into patient's body, and used dialysis liquid is flowed into adsorbent box body (1)。

Step 5)：Dialysis liquid is flowed into adsorbent box body (1), passes through the specific adsorption of (1) in adsorbent box body Material (100) and non-specific adsorption material (110) enter back into liquid cleaning device after removing rear impurity.

Step 6)：Repeat step 2) to step 5), until completing the dialysis treatment session of single patient.Carrying out follow-up In cyclic process, the water for dialysis in step 2) is now used dialysis liquid, when water shortage, passes through water intaking valve (309) feed.

In single dialysis treatment session of patient, adsorbent box body no longer makes after single dialysis procedure of patient is completed With remaining component is continuing with.

In a further embodiment, other schemes are identical, but adsorbent box body includes the specific adsorption material of multilayer Material and non-specific adsorption material, its order can be configured according to the actual conditions of the harmful substance of dialysis liquid.Such as Dialysis liquid flows through path and can be：

Embodiment 6

Referring to Fig. 6, haemodialysis equipment of the invention includes adsorbent box body (1-1), adsorbent box body (1-2), liquid Purification assembly (302), dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system (303), dialysis liquid, for entering from patient blood and dialysis liquid Water (308) after dialysis component (307), water intaking valve (309), the water not being cleaned or purification that row exchanges；The dialysis component Including dialysis liquid exchanging container (304), arterial-venous transit container (305), the pellicle (306) with dialysis function, dialyzate Body exchanging container (304) is connected with arterial-venous transit container (305) by the pellicle (306) with dialysis function；Adsorbent Box body (1-1) is connected with adsorbent box body (1-2), and adsorbent box body (1-2) is connected with fluid purification component (302), liquid Purification assembly (302) is connected with dialyzate constituent adjustment system (303), dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system (303) and dialysis Fluid exchange container (304) is connected, and dialysis liquid exchanging container (304) is connected with adsorbent box body (1-1), is not cleaned Water (308) after water or purification is connected by pipeline with fluid purification component, and water intaking valve (309) is arranged on pipeline.

Fluid purification component (302) may include reverse osmosis membrane (Reverse Osmosis Film) or fluid purification component (302) it may include the combination in milipore filter or similar to reverse osmosis membrane and milipore filter, the group of these three that fluid purification component includes The dialysis function of the present invention can be realized by closing, one of selection in practical work process.

Adsorbent box body includes specific adsorption material or non-specific adsorption material, such as in the present embodiment, absorption Include specific adsorption material in agent box body (1-1), include non-specific adsorption material in adsorbent box body (1-2).Or During person implements, non-specific adsorption material is included in adsorbent box body (1-1), is included in adsorbent box body (1-2) special Property sorbing material.One of selection can meet to require in practical work process.

Preferably, specific adsorption material is included in adsorbent box body (1-1), is included in adsorbent box body (1-2) Non-specific adsorption material.

Specifically dialysis flow is for it：

Step 2)：Water for dialysis flows into dialyzate constituent adjustment system (303) afterwards by fluid purification component (302), thoroughly Analysis liquid constituent adjustment system by component sensor detect liquid in each solute concentration (such as potassium ion, receive ion, calcium from Son, magnesium ion, chlorion, acetate ion, glucose sugar etc.) whether meet the standard of dialysis liquid set in advance, if thoroughly Analysis liquid component is unsatisfactory for normal concentration set in advance, then needs to add corresponding solute and configured, and its is met dialysis The standard of liquid.

Step 4)：In component of dialysing, blood samples of patients passes through complete after pellicle (306) progress dialysis treatment with dialysis liquid Into blood dialysis, the blood after cleaning flows into patient's body, and used dialysis liquid is flowed into (1- in adsorbent box body 1)。

Step 5)：Used dialysis liquid is flowed into adsorbent box body (1-1) and adsorbent box body (1-2), passes through (1-2) non-specific adsorption material goes to clean in the specific adsorption material and adsorbent box body of (1-1) in adsorbent box body Fluid purification component (302) is entered back into after matter and carries out follow-up haemodialysis circulation afterwards；

Step 6)：Repeat step 2) to step 5), until completing the dialysis treatment session of single patient.Carrying out follow-up In cyclic process, the water for dialysis in step 2) is now used dialysis liquid, when water shortage, passes through water intaking valve (309) fed.

Embodiment 7

The structure of adsorbent box body employed in technical scheme includes shell, input port, delivery outlet, input Mouth is located at the apparent surface of shell with delivery outlet respectively, and shell shape is unlimited, can make cylinder, rectangle, square etc. Any regular or irregular three-dimensional shape, it is preferred that shell uses cylindrical structural in the present embodiment.

Enclosure includes an at least flat bed, when sandwich construction be present, is spaced between layers, it is between layers Separated by the apertured partition that can allow for dialysis liquid to pass through, make specific adsorption material and/or non-specific adsorption material Between do not contact with each other.Referring to Fig. 7, as n=1, adsorbent box body can only only include a kind of sorbing material, and it can be spy Different in nature sorbing material or non-specific adsorption material.When a kind of specific adsorption material can be placed in n=2, in adsorbent box body Material and a kind of non-specific adsorption material or two species specificity sorbing materials or two kinds of non-specific adsorption materials, i.e. adsorbent The number of plies of box body and the sorbing material of every layer of placement can be set according to the requirement of sick Man's Demands or dialysis apparatus, and Without special design requirement.Such as：N=3, specific adsorption material using beta-schardinger dextrin, beta-schardinger dextrin group compound simultaneously A11, A12 are put it into respectively, and non-specific adsorption material is using activated carbon and puts it into A13.

Embodiment 8

The structure of adsorbent box body employed in technical scheme includes shell, input port, delivery outlet, input Mouth is located at the apparent surface of shell with delivery outlet respectively, and shell uses cylindrical structural.Adsorbent tray interior is divided into more The different space of kind, such as B11, B12, B13, Bn ..., specific adsorption material and/or non-specific adsorption material are positioned over this On the space separated a bit, do not contacted with each other between specific adsorption material and/or non-specific adsorption material, referring to figure 8, as n=3, adsorbent tray interior is separated into 3 parts, such as B11, B12, B13, can by specific adsorption material and/or Non-specific adsorption material is put into these three spaces.Such as：Specific adsorption material is using beta-schardinger dextrin, beta-schardinger dextrin group Compound and put it into B11, B12 respectively, non-specific adsorption material is using activated carbon and puts it into B13.It is or special Property sorbing material B11 is put into using beta-schardinger dextrin, non-specific adsorption material is using activated carbon, molecular sieve and puts it into respectively B12、B13.Need exist for the specific adsorption material of explanation and/or non-specific adsorption material is put into kind in adsorbent box body Class and ratio can be designed and placed according to actual conditions.

Embodiment 9

In technical scheme, employ and specific adsorption material and non-specific suction are contained in adsorbent box body Enclosure material, the two collective effect are removed to dialysis liquid harmful substance.In the present embodiment, specific adsorption material and Fei Te Different in nature sorbing material is positioned in an adsorbent box body jointly.Specific adsorption material comprises at least beta-schardinger dextrin, β-ring paste Compound that compound, beta-schardinger dextrin chemical modification after the compound of smart group, beta-schardinger dextrin crosslinking are modified, beta-schardinger dextrin warp The chemical combination of the high polymer material that the modified compound of chemical modification is polymerized, the n-alkyl chain group containing 6 carbon and the above Any one in thing or the arbitrary proportion combination between them；Non-specific adsorption material includes at least activated carbon, molecule Sieve any one or between them arbitrary proportion combination.

Such as：The ratio of specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption (mass percent), is shown in Table 1：

The specific adsorption material of table 1 mass percent shared in adsorbent box body with non-specific adsorption

Or two adsorbent box bodys are used, one of box body is put into specific adsorption material, and another box body is put into Non-specific adsorption material, but its ratio is identical with the composition that table 1 is shown, is only by specific adsorption material and non-specificity Sorbing material is respectively put into different adsorbent box bodys.

Embodiment 10

In technical scheme, specific adsorption material employs pure beta-schardinger dextrin as urea in adsorbent box body Sorbing material.Beta-schardinger dextrin has preferable adsorptivity to the urea in dialysis liquid, due to using physical absorption, after it is adsorbed Any material can't be discharged, produces cumulative effect.

In specific dialysis procedure, the blood of patient into haemodialysis container medium-rate be 250ml/min, dialysis liquid Speed 500ml/min, it is 130mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 hours in urea concentration, when temperature is 20-28 DEG C, to urea Adsorbance in 65-80mg/g.

Embodiment 11

In technical scheme, specific adsorption material employs glutaraldehyde cross-linking β-ring paste in adsorbent box body Essence is used as Absorption for Urea material.Glutaraldehyde cross-linking beta-schardinger dextrin has preferable adsorptivity to the urea in dialysis liquid, due to Using physical absorption, it can't discharge any material after adsorbing, will not produce cumulative effect.

In specific dialysis procedure, the blood of patient into haemodialysis container medium-rate be 250ml/min, dialysis liquid Speed 500ml/min, it is 130mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 hours in urea concentration, when temperature is 20-28 DEG C, to urea Adsorbance in 65-75mg/g.

Embodiment 12

In technical scheme, specific adsorption material employs diisocyanate crosslinking β-ring in adsorbent box body Dextrin is as Absorption for Urea material.Diisocyanate, which is crosslinked beta-schardinger dextrin, has preferably absorption to the urea in dialysis liquid Property, because using physical absorption, it can't discharge any material after adsorbing, and will not produce cumulative effect.

In specific dialysis procedure, the blood of patient into haemodialysis container medium-rate be 250ml/min, dialysis liquid Speed 500ml/min, it is 130mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 hours in urea concentration, when temperature is 20-28 DEG C, to urea Adsorbance in 50-70mg/g.

Embodiment 13

In technical scheme, in adsorbent box body specific adsorption material employ beta-schardinger dextrin (beta-schardinger dextrin, Abbreviation β-CD) graft polymers.Referring to Fig. 9, its synthetic route is the hydroxyl reaction with acryloyl chloride and beta-schardinger dextrin, is generated The polymerizable macromonomer containing beta-schardinger dextrin.Recycle monomer polymerization (can be copolymerized with other monomer copolymerizations and formation Thing) turn into grafted by beta cyclodextrin polymer (or forming cross-linked copolymer).And with the grafted by beta cyclodextrin polymer it is absorption Material.

In specific dialysis procedure, the blood of patient into haemodialysis container medium-rate be 250ml/min, dialysis liquid Speed 500ml/min, it is 130mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 hours in urea concentration, when temperature is 20-28 DEG C, β-ring paste Smart graft polymers is to the adsorbance of urea in 70-75mg/g.

Embodiment 14

In technical scheme, specific adsorption material employs the urea of the more aldehyde structures of ring-type in adsorbent box body Adsorbent, referring to Figure 10.

The synthetic method of the Urea absorbent of the more aldehyde structures of the ring-type is the hydroxyl reaction with acryloyl chloride and beta-schardinger dextrin, Generate the polymerizable macromonomer containing beta-schardinger dextrin.Recycle the monomer polymerization (or can with other monomer copolymerizations and Form copolymer) turn into grafted by beta cyclodextrin polymer.Further through sodium periodate oxidation, obtain a collection of there are the more aldehyde of ring-type The Urea absorbent of structure.

In specific dialysis procedure, the blood of patient into haemodialysis container medium-rate be 250ml/min, dialysis liquid Speed 500ml/min, it is 130mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 hours in urea concentration, when temperature is 20-28 DEG C, β-ring paste Smart graft polymers is to the adsorbance of urea in 62-78mg/g.

Embodiment 15

In technical scheme, specific adsorption material employs n-alkyl chain graft modification and gathered in adsorbent box body Compound is as Absorption for Urea material.N-alkyl chain graft-modified polymers have preferably absorption to the urea in dialysis liquid Property, because using physical absorption, it can't discharge any material after adsorbing, and will not produce cumulative effect.

The synthetic route of n-alkyl chain graft-modified polymers is employed n-hexyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid (or polymethyl Acid) by concentrated sulfuric acid dehydration condensation, nalka hexyl chain is grafted to polyacrylic acid (or polymethylacrylic acid) macromolecular chain On, form n-alkyl chain graft-modified polymers.And with the n-alkyl chain graft-modified polymers it is sorbing material.

Embodiment 16

In technical scheme, it is chain modified to employ n-hexyl alkyl for specific adsorption material in adsorbent box body Silicon dioxide microsphere is as Absorption for Urea material.The chain modified silicon dioxide microsphere of n-hexyl alkyl is to the urea in dialysis liquid With preferable adsorptivity, because using physical absorption, it can't discharge any material after adsorbing, therefore will not produce accumulation Effect.

Referring to Figure 11, the synthetic route of the chain modified silicon dioxide microsphere of n-hexyl alkyl is gathered for n-alkyl chain graft modification The synthetic route of compound employs is reacted using the silane coupler of the alkyl chain containing n-hexyl with silicon dioxide microsphere, forms microballoon Surface is by the chain modified silicon dioxide microsphere of n-hexyl alkyl.It is absorption with the chain modified silicon dioxide microsphere of the n-hexyl alkyl Material.

In specific dialysis procedure, the blood of patient into haemodialysis container medium-rate be 250ml/min, dialysis liquid Speed 500ml/min, it is 130mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 hours in urea concentration, when temperature is 20-28 DEG C, β-ring paste Smart graft polymers is to the adsorbance of urea in 62-70mg/g.

Embodiment 17

In technical scheme, specific adsorption material employs the silicon of the alkyl chain containing n-octyl in adsorbent box body Alkane coupling agent carries out surface modification to polyesters nonwoven cloth material, and filter is directly compiled to using the modified nonwoven cloth material Core, as Absorption for Urea material, its synthetic route is referring to Figure 12.

Embodiment 18

In technical scheme, non-specific adsorption material employs activated carbon in adsorbent box body, and activated carbon is made For a kind of wide spectrum adsorbent, its absorption has no special selectivity.When the urea in dialysis liquid is clear by specific adsorption material After removing, dialysis liquid enters activated carbon, and activated carbon can remove the kreatinin (creatinine) remained in dialysis liquid, β 2M Uric acid (β 2M-uric acid), micro-content organism (trace organics) etc..

Embodiment 19

Mesopore molecular sieve has pore passage structure, uniform pore diameter and the size adjustable (2-50nm) that height has arrangement, Er Qiegao Than surface (such as MCM41-700-1200m3/g).In technical scheme, non-specific adsorption material in adsorbent box body Employ analysis sieve (aperture 0.8-10nm, silicon-based mesoporous material are modified and be made).When the urea in dialysis liquid is specific After sorbing material is removed, dialysis liquid enters molecular sieve, and molecular sieve can remove the kreatinin remained in dialysis liquid (creatinine), β 2M uric acid (β 2M-uric acid), micro-content organism (trace organics) etc..

Embodiment 20

In technical scheme, non-specific adsorption material employs activated carbon and sieved with analysis in adsorbent box body The combination of (aperture 0.8-10nm, silicon-based mesoporous material are modified and be made).When the urea in dialysis liquid is by specific adsorption material After material is removed, dialysis liquid enters in activated carbon and molecular sieve combination layer, and activated carbon and molecular sieve combination layer can remove dialysis The kreatinin (creatinine) remained in liquid, β 2M uric acid (β 2M-uric acid), micro-content organism (trace Organics) etc..

Activated carbon and molecular sieve combination stratum proportion (mass percent) in the non-specific adsorption material of table 2

Title	Formula 1	Formula 2	Formula 3	Formula 4	Formula 5	Formula 6	Formula 7
								Activated carbon	100	90	80	65	55	85	0
Molecular sieve	0	10	20	35	45	15	100

Embodiment 21

In technical scheme, using including specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption material in adsorbent box body Material, the two collective effect are removed to dialysis liquid harmful substance.Specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption material are total to It is same to be positioned in an adsorbent box body.Specific adsorption material comprises at least β-cyclodextrin, the chemical combination of beta-schardinger dextrin group Compound, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin chemical modification modification after thing, beta-schardinger dextrin crosslinking, beta-schardinger dextrin are modified through chemical modification The high polymer material that compound afterwards is polymerized, the n-alkyl chain group containing 6 carbon and the above compound in it is any one Kind or the arbitrary proportion combination between them；Non-specific adsorption material includes any one of at least activated carbon, molecular sieve Or the arbitrary proportion combination between them.

In specific implement, specific ratio is referring to table 3 in specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption material.

Specific ratio (mass percent) in the specific adsorption material of table 3 and non-specific adsorption material

Embodiment 22

In technical scheme, specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption are included in the adsorbent box body of use Material, the two collective effect are removed to dialysis liquid harmful substance.In the present embodiment, specific adsorption material and non-specific Property sorbing material is positioned in an adsorbent box body jointly.Specific adsorption material includes beta-schardinger dextrin, beta-schardinger dextrin group Compound, the more aldehyde structures of ring-type Urea absorbent in one kind；Non-specific adsorption material includes activated carbon.

Specially：In formula 1, specific adsorption material is beta-schardinger dextrin, and non-specific adsorption material is activated carbon, the two Mass percent be 50:50, it is right when temperature is 20-28 DEG C when urea concentration is 70mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 small For the adsorbance of urea in 75-80mg/g. formulas 2, specific adsorption material is beta-schardinger dextrin, and non-specific adsorption material is work Property charcoal, the mass percent of the two be 20:1, when urea concentration is 70mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 small, temperature 20- At 28 DEG C, to the adsorbance of urea in 70-85mg/g.

In formula 3, specific adsorption material is grafted by beta cyclodextrin polymer, and non-specific adsorption material is activated carbon, The mass percent of the two is 50:50, when urea concentration is 70mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 small, temperature is 20-28 DEG C When, to the adsorbance of urea in 70-78mg/g. formulas 4, specific adsorption material is grafted by beta cyclodextrin polymer, non-spy Different in nature sorbing material is activated carbon, and the mass percent of the two is 20:1, when urea concentration is 70mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 hours, when temperature is 20-28 DEG C, to the adsorbance of urea in 75-82mg/g.

In formula 5, specific adsorption material is grafted by beta cyclodextrin polymer, and non-specific adsorption material is activated carbon, The mass percent of the two is 50:50, when urea concentration is 70mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 small, temperature is 20-28 DEG C When, to the adsorbance of urea in 75-80mg/g. formulas 6, specific adsorption material is grafted by beta cyclodextrin polymer, non-spy Different in nature sorbing material is activated carbon, and the mass percent of the two is 20:1, when urea concentration is 70mg/100mL, adsorption time 3-5 hours, when temperature is 20-28 DEG C, to the adsorbance of urea in 75-82mg/g.

Its specific adsorption material and the specific mass percent of non-specific adsorption material are referring to table 4.

The mass percent of the specific adsorption material of table 4 and non-specific adsorption material

Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art Member, on the premise of the inventive method is not departed from, can also make some improvement and supplement, and these are improved and supplement also should be regarded as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of device applied to haemodialysis, it is characterised in that including at least one adsorbent box body；

At least specific adsorption material and/or non-specific adsorption material are included in the adsorbent box body；

After the specific adsorption material comprises at least beta-schardinger dextrin, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin group, beta-schardinger dextrin crosslinking Compound, the compound of beta-schardinger dextrin chemical modification modification, beta-schardinger dextrin are polymerized through the modified compound of chemical modification High polymer material, n-alkyl chain group containing 6 carbon and the above compound in any one or appointing between them Meaning ratio combines；

The non-specific adsorption material includes any one or any ratio between them at least activated carbon, molecular sieve Example combination；

The specific adsorption material and the non-specific adsorption material are contained in the adsorbent box described in one Nei or filled respectively Enter the different adsorbent box bodys；

Dialysis liquid flows into the adsorbent box body and flowed out after the adsorbent box body removes at least one impurity.

2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that including fluid purification component, the adsorbent box body with it is described Fluid purification component is connected, and dialysis liquid flows into the adsorbent box body and removes at least one impurity through the adsorbent box body After flow out, the dialysis liquid of outflow flows into described fluid purification component again, by the fluid purification component to dialyzate Body flows out after being handled.

3. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that including dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system, dialysis liquid and The dialysis component swapped for the blood from patient and dialysis liquid；The dialysis component includes dialysis liquid and exchanges appearance Device, arterial-venous transit container and the pellicle with dialysis function, wherein, the dialysis liquid exchanging container and the arterial-venous transit Container is connected by the pellicle with dialysis function；

The adsorbent box body is connected with the fluid purification component, the fluid purification component and the dialyzate constituent adjustment System is connected, and the dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system is connected with the dialysis liquid exchanging container, and the dialysis liquid exchanges Container is connected with the adsorbent box body.

4. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the fluid purification component comprises at least reverse osmosis membrane, ultrafiltration A kind of or between them combination in film.

5. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the fluid purification component includes reverse osmosis membrane, the non-spy Different in nature sorbing material uses activated carbon.

6. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the adsorbent box body includes shell, input port and delivery outlet, The input port is arranged at the surface of the shell with the delivery outlet；The adsorbent tray interior include an at least flat bed or One perpendicular layer or the combination between them form space structure, the specific adsorption material or the non-specific adsorption material It is positioned in space structure；The space structure is separated by dividing plate with holes.

7. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the specific adsorption material and the non-specific adsorption material The mass percent of material is 1:99 to 99:1.

8. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described specific adsorption material comprise at least beta-schardinger dextrin, One kind in the Urea absorbent of the more aldehyde structures of compound, ring-type of beta-schardinger dextrin group, the non-specific adsorption material bag Include activated carbon；The mass percent of the specific adsorption material and non-specific adsorption material is 1:1 to 20:1.

9. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the adsorbent box body is dismountable.

10. the device as described in claim 1 to 9 is any, it is characterised in that described device be may move, mancarried device.

11. a kind of dialysis apparatus applied to haemodialysis, it is characterised in that net including device as claimed in claim 1, liquid Change component, dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system, dialysis liquid and swapped for the blood from patient and dialysis liquid Dialysis component；The dialysis component includes dialysis liquid exchanging container, arterial-venous transit container, has the semi-transparent of dialysis function Film, the dialysis liquid exchanging container are connected with the arterial-venous transit container by the pellicle with dialysis function；

The adsorbent box body is connected with the fluid purification component, the fluid purification component and the dialyzate constituent adjustment System is connected, and the dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system is connected with the dialysis liquid exchanging container, and the dialysis liquid is handed over Container is changed with the adsorbent box body to be connected；

The fluid purification component comprises at least reverse osmosis membrane.

12. a kind of dialyzing method of dialysis apparatus as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that walked including at least following Suddenly：

Step 1)：Water intaking valve is opened, the water or the water of purification not being cleaned after water intaking valve fluid purification component by flowing into institute Dialyzate constituent adjustment system is stated, when the water of needs reaches water for dialysis amount set in advance, closes the water intaking valve；

Step 2)：After water for dialysis enters dialysis liquid constituent adjustment system by fluid purification component, the dialyzate composition Whether regulating system meets the mark of dialysis liquid set in advance by the concentration of each solute in component sensor detection liquid Standard, if dialysis liquid composition is unsatisfactory for normal concentration set in advance, needs to add corresponding solute and configured, make it Meet the standard of dialysis liquid；

Step 3)：The dialysis liquid for meeting dialysis liquid ingredient standard enters institute from the dialysis constituent adjustment system after outflow The dialysis liquid exchanging container in dialysis component is stated, meanwhile, the blood of patient passes through blood by conduit from patient's body Outlet is flowed into the arterial-venous transit container in the dialysis component；

Step 4)：In the dialysis component, the blood samples of patients in the arterial-venous transit exchanging container is handed over the dialysis liquid Change after the dialysis liquid in container carries out dialysis treatment by the pellicle and complete blood dialysis, the blood stream after cleaning Enter patient's body, used dialysis liquid flows into the adsorbent box body；

Step 5)：Dialysis liquid is flowed into the adsorbent box body, is inhaled by the specificity in the adsorbent box body Enclosure material and the non-specific adsorption material, which go after the removal of impurity to flow into the fluid purification component again, carries out dialysis circulation；

When water for dialysis amount deficiency, the supply of water is carried out by opening the water intaking valve.