CN107568059A - The method that low temperature resistant germination corn variety is cultivated using corn allopolyploid - Google Patents
The method that low temperature resistant germination corn variety is cultivated using corn allopolyploid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method that low temperature resistant germination corn variety is cultivated using corn allopolyploid.This method is female parent with corn allohexaploid (Tripsazea creammaize T.), with common cultivation corn (Zea mays L.) for paternal hybrid, then it is returned 1 time by male parent of common cultivation corn, low temperature resistant germination is carried out to backcross progeny seed under cryogenic again to identify, selection can germinate at low temperature and plumule and radicle grow strong seed, then conventionally selects;More generations are so returned, that is, are bred as the corn inbred line of low temperature resistant germination.The inventive method can expand the Germplasm Bases of the low temperature resistant germination of corn by the low temperature resistant germination channel genes of corn Wild related germplasm into corn;The kind that the inventive method is bred as, the maize sown area of cold district can be expanded, realize that early stage is sowed, improve cold district corn yield;The inventive method breeding cost is low, efficiency high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to corn breeding method field, and in particular to one kind cultivates low temperature resistant hair using corn allopolyploid
The method of bud corn variety.
Background technology
Corn early spring chilling injury is one of main meteorological disaster, and corn germinal phase, seedling stage are to the very sensitive (horse of low temperature
Prolong the journal of crops such as China, 2012, (4) 1-8).Minimum temperature needed for general Course of Corn Seed Germination is 5-15 DEG C, if after planting
Continue 3 to 4 days, mean daily temperature is less than 8 DEG C, you can cause seed meal kind or rotten kind, cause emergence incomplete and Severe Reduction (is opened
Snowy peak, Hu Binyu Jindan Exploitation of Agriculture in Heilongjiang science, 2011,2011 (4):69-73).In recent years, early spring low temperature stress causes jade
Rice emergence rate is low and the phenomenon of grain drop in production has increased trend year by year, and low temperature twice is met in average 7 years by the Northeast according to statistics
Year, averagely cause the corn underproduction 15% (the theories of calamity such as Li Shuai, 2013,28 (4):99-103. Ma Shuqing etc., natural calamity
Report, 2003,12 (3):137-141).As different ripe type corn lines of demarcation are moved northward, China Hetao area corn chilling injury hair
Raw risk is also in rise (the arid biogeographic zone resource and environments such as Hou Qiong, 2015,29 (2):179-184).Therefore, it is resistance to improve corn
Low temperature Emerging ability is significant to corn with high yield and stable yields.In addition, low temperature emergence tolerance type corn variety acquisition and
Using can realize early sowing, extend breeding time and improve yield, and expand the planting range of corn and (prolong toward high latitude area
Stretch) and sown area (.Crop such as Lee, E A Science, 2002,42 (6):1919-1929).
The corn variety for cultivating low temperature resistant germination is that solve the corn low temperature germination most economical effective approach of problem.But by
In corn for a long time in the higher area of temperature and period plantation, its cold resistance genetic germplasm is seldom, with existing maize seed material
The kind that low temperature resistant germination is cultivated based on material is extremely difficult.Corn Wild related germplasm has what is enriched due to long-term evolution
Genetic diversity, including with the strong characteristic of cold resistance, but due to reproduction isolation be present, corn Wild related germplasm and corn are miscellaneous
Friendship generally can not be solid, and the cold resistance germ plasm resource for causing corn Wild related germplasm is difficult transformation into corn.
MTF-1 (Tripsazea creammaize are T.2n=76) is Sichuan Agricultural University's incubation containing corn, friction
The corn allohexaploid of standing grain and tetraperennial teosinte full set chromosome (Su Yuegui, Sichuan Agricultural University's Master's thesis,
2009), its female is fertile, pollinates, can produce a small amount of to it by the use of corn, friction standing grain or tetraperennial teosinte as male parent
Offspring, therefore, this characteristic using MTF-1 are bridge, can arrive the cold tolerance genes transformation in corn Wild related germplasm
In common cultivation corn.
Through retrieval, do not find to cultivate the report of low temperature resistant germination corn variety using corn allopolyploid.
The content of the invention
The problem of being caused damage for corn early spring low temperature to Maize Production, present invention aims at providing, corn is heterologous more
The purposes of times body on the low temperature resistant germination of corn is improved.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivates low temperature resistant germination corn variety using corn allopolyploid
Method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
The invention provides application of the corn allopolyploid on cold-resistant corn variety is cultivated.
Described corn allopolyploid (Tripsazea creammaize T.) refers to corn allohexaploid MTF-1
(Tripsazea creammaize T., 2n=76) or its Derivative line.
Described MTF-1 (Tripsazea creammaize T.;It is 2n=76) that Sichuan Agricultural University passes through distant hybridization
What is be bred as contains corn (Zea mays L.), tetraperennial teosinte (Zeaperennis) and friction standing grain
Corn allohexaploid material (the expensive Sichuan Agricultural Universities of Su Yue of a full set of chromosome of (Tripsacumdactyloides L.)
Master's thesis, 2009).
Described Derivative line refers to using MTF-1 as female parent, with corn (Zea mays L.), tetraperennial teosinte
(Zea perennis) or friction standing grain (Tripsacumdactyloides L.) are paternal hybrid, and selection includes corn, tetraploid
The offspring (2n=76) of perennial class corn and friction three species full set chromosomes of standing grain, the new allohexaploid of gained are
MTF-1 Derivative line.
Present invention also offers a kind of method that low temperature resistant germination corn variety is cultivated using corn allopolyploid, including
Following steps:
(1), in the early spring, when local temperature rise is to 10 DEG C or so, by corn allohexaploid (Tripsazea creammaize
T, 2n=76) a point root and stem of certain plants, cuttage or other vegetative manners acquisition seedling are carried out, it is that 2m × 2m carries out individual plant kind by seeding row spacing
Plant;Meanwhile point 10 batches of plantation conventional corn A (Zea mays L., 2n=20), 20 plants every batch, every batch is spaced 3 days;
(2), by corn allohexaploid female fringe bagging before spinning, and its filigree is cut short to 2~3cm before pollination,
Then pollinated using conventional corn A as male parent to corn allohexaploid female fringe, each female fringe at least repeats pollination 3 times, awards every time
All marked after powder on bagging, seed is harvested when ripe, obtain F1Generation;
(3), by step (2) obtained by F1Seeding row spacing 2m × 2m single-strain plantings are pressed for seed;Meanwhile same step (1) is equally
Conventional corn A is planted in batches;With F1It is returned on behalf of female parent, by male parent of conventional corn A, obtains BC1F1Generation;
(4), low temperature germination identification:(a) by BC1F1For seed first with 75% alcohol disinfecting 1min, then with 10% it is double
Oxygen water sterilization 10min, then cleaned 3 times with running water;(b) totally 2h will be dried at 120 DEG C by uniform fine sand, adding deionized water makes to contain
Water is 16%, obtains wet sand;(c) wet sand 3cm is spread in germination cassette bottom layer, by the BC after being sterilized in (a)1F1Sand bed is sown into for seed,
Then the wet sand that thickness is 1cm is covered;(d) box that will germinate is placed in growth cabinet and germinateed under 8-10 DEG C of dark condition, seedling
Plumule breaks through sand bed and is considered as emergence;Selection can germinate and plumule and radicle grow strong seed, is transplanted in flowerpot
Grown under normal temperature;Select the good and disease-resistant BC of economical character1F1It is female parent for plant, is returned, obtains by male parent of conventional corn A
BC2F1Generation;
(5), repeat step (4) is returned 2-4 times, obtains BC4F1Generation~BC6F1Generation;
(6), by step (5) obtained by BC4F1Generation~BC6F1Generation selfing 1 time, according to step (4) methods described to selfing after
In generation, carries out low temperature germination identification, can germinate at low temperature and show consistent, the corn inbred line of as low temperature resistant germination;Or such as
Fruit conventional corn A is cenospecies or collective species, then BC4F1Generation~BC6F1In generation, will be continuously selfed, and self progeny be carried out low
Temperature germination identification, until its performance is consistent, the corn inbred line of as low temperature resistant germination.
Corn allohexaploid described in above method step (1) refers to MTF-1 (Tripsazea creammaize
T, 2n=76) or its Derivative line.
Described MTF-1 (Su Yuegui, Sichuan Agricultural University's Master's thesis, 2009) is Sichuan Agricultural University with quoted from the U.S.
Tetraploid corn (Zea mays L, 4n=40) and tetraploid gama grass (or finger-like friction standing grain, Tripsacum
Dactyloides L, 2n=72) between Intergeneric hybrid F_1 for female parent, with tetraperennial teosinte (Zea
Perennis, 2n=40) it is the corn allohexaploid that paternal hybrid is bred as;MTF-1 (Tripsazea creammaize T,
2n=76) it is one more comprising a full set of maize chromosome group (20), gama grass genome (36) and tetraploid
The intergeneric hybrid of year life class maize chromosome group (20), is the new species that a nature is not present, and Sichuan Agricultural University will
The corn allohexaploid MTF-1 Classification And Nomenclatures are:Beautiful broomcorn millet standing grain category Yu Qi leaching grass seeds, its Latin specific name is named as
Tripsazea creammaize T。
MTF-1 is perennial, and vegetative propagation, plant is healthy and strong, uprightly grows thickly, well developed root system.MTF-1 hybridization can obtain a small amount of
Seed, seed glume is hard, brown or taupe.Plant cold-resistant, waterlogging-resistant ability are strong, at 0-5 DEG C and under the conditions of long-term water logging
Remain to persistently grow new tiller.MTF-1 is mainly by dividing the vegetative propagations such as pocket breeding, stalk cuttage or other vegetative manners
Method is bred.
The public can be obtained from Sichuan Agricultural University MTF-1 (Tripsazea creammaize are T.2n=76) (Su Yuegui,
Sichuan Agricultural University's Master's thesis, 2009) biomaterial.
Conventional corn A described in above method step (1) refers to corn inbred line, cenospecies or collective species etc..It is preferred that
Corn inbred line.
A kind of breeding method of the corn hybrid seed of low temperature resistant germination, including the low temperature resistant germination that method described above is bred as
Corn inbred line is parent, assembles cenospecies.
The present invention has the advantage that and beneficial effect:(1), the present invention overcomes remote between corn and its Related species
The difficulty of edge hybridization, to provide a kind of new way in the low temperature resistant germination channel genes corn by corn Related species, expand
The Germplasm Bases of the low temperature resistant germination breeding of corn;(2) kind selected using the inventive method has low temperature resistant germination characteristic,
Cold district maize sown area can be expanded, realize that early stage is sowed, extend corn growth stage, improve the production of cold district corn
Amount;(3) breeding method cost of the present invention is low, efficiency high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 .Mo17 and 010-3 catalase (CAT) active column diagram;Wherein 1 is Mo17;2 be Mo17 improvement
It is 010-3.
Fig. 2 .Mo17 and 010-3 peroxidase (POD) content column diagram;Wherein 1 is Mo17;2 be Mo17 improvement
It is 010-3.
Embodiment
The present invention is made further explanation and description by the following examples, but the invention is not restricted to this.
Embodiment 1:The corn inbred line of low temperature resistant germination is cultivated using corn allopolyploid
Carry out in accordance with the following steps:
(1) in, 2013 spring, in school district Wenjiang, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu corn breeding base, 10 DEG C of left sides are risen in ground temperature
When right, by MTF-1, (Tripsazea creammaize are T.2n=76;Su Yuegui, Sichuan Agricultural University's master thesis,
2009.The public can obtain MTF-1 biomaterials from Sichuan Agricultural University) carry out a point root and stem of certain plants, cuttage or other vegetative manners and obtain
Seedling is obtained, is that 2m × 2m carries out single-strain planting by seeding row spacing;Meanwhile point 10 crowdes of seeding corn self-mating system Mo17 (Zea mays
L., 2n=20), 20 plants every batch, every batch is spaced 3 days;
(2), filigree is cut short to 2~3cm, given with Mo17 pollen by MTF-1 female fringe baggings after spinning before spinning
MTF-1 female fringes are pollinated, and are pollinated again once every 2 days after pollinating for the first time, are pollinated 3 times altogether, are made marks every time after pollination on paper bag,
Harvested when ripe, obtain F1For seed.
(3), spring in 2014, by F1By seeding row spacing 2m × 2m single-strain plantings;Meanwhile the interval sowing as step (1)
Mo17;With F1For the maternal, backcrossing by male parent of Mo17, BC is obtained1F1Generation.
(4), spring in 2015, to BC1F1In generation, carries out low temperature germination identification, and (a) is by BC1F1For seed first with 75% wine
Essence sterilization 1min, then with 10% dioxygen water sterilization 10min, then cleaned 3 times with running water;(b) totally uniform fine sand will exist
120 DEG C of baking 2h, adding deionized water makes water content be 16%, obtains wet sand;(c) wet sand 3cm is spread in germination cassette bottom layer, after sterilization
BC1F1Sand bed is sown into for seed, then covers the wet sand that thickness is 1cm;(d) germination box is placed in 8-10 DEG C of growth cabinet
Dark germination, seedling plumule break through sand bed and are considered as emergence, and selection can germinate and plumule and Baconic grow strong seed, so
After be transplanted in flowerpot and grow at normal temperatures;Select the good and disease-resistant BC of economical character1F1It is female parent for plant, (is divided with Mo17
Phase is sowed, ibid) male parent is returned, obtain BC2F1Generation.
(5), 2016~2017, repeat step (4) 2 times, BC is obtained4F1Generation;
(6), by gained BC4F1Generation selfing 1 time, low temperature germination identification, energy are carried out according to step (4) method to self progeny
Germinateing and consistent performance, the Mo17 of as low temperature resistant germination Improved lines, it is named as 010-3.
Low temperature resistant germination characteristic qualification test of the embodiment 2 using catalase (CAT) to 010-3
(1) test material
(1), handle:The corn inbred line 010-3 for the low temperature resistant germination that embodiment 1 is bred as.
(2), compare:Mo17.
(2) test method
(1) (a) selects 120, full 010-3 seeds, first with 75% alcohol disinfecting 1min, then again with 10%
Dioxygen water sterilization 10min.Cleaned 3 times with running water;(b) totally 2h will be dried at 120 DEG C by uniform fine sand, adding deionized water makes to contain
Water is 16%, obtains wet sand;(c) 3cm is sanded in germination cassette bottom layer, the seed after sterilization is sown into sand bed, after then covering 1cm
Wet sand;(d) germination box is placed in growth cabinet, germinateed under 8-10 DEG C of dark condition, seedling plumule breaks through sand bed
It is considered as emergence, is then transplanted in flowerpot and grows at normal temperatures, is identified when growing to for three one heart stages of leaf.
Following step is carried out according to the specification of the kit of Suzhou Ke Ming Bioisystech Co., Ltd.
(2) crude enzyme liquid extracts:Every plant of seedling quickly weighs 0.1g blades, adds 1ml extract solutions, carries out ice bath homogenate.4
DEG C, 8000rpm centrifugation 10min, take supernatant, as catalase crude enzyme liquid, put and detect on ice.
(3) assay method:
(a) spectrophotometers preheating more than 30min, adjusting wavelength to 240nm place, distilled water return to zero.
(b) CAT is detected into 25 DEG C of water-bath 10min of working solution before measure.
(c) takes 1mlCAT to detect working solution in 1ml quartz colorimetric utensils, adds 35 μ l samples, mixes 5s;At room temperature
The light absorption value A2 after the initial light absorption value A1 and 1min under 240nm is determined immediately, calculates △ A=A1-A2
(4) CAT activity calculates
The definition of unit:Catalysis 1nm hydrogen peroxide degradations per minute are organized to be defined as an enzyme activity unit per g.
CAT (nmol/min/g fresh weights)=678 × △ ÷ W
As a result (see Fig. 1), Mo17 Improved lines 010-3 catalase (CAT) vigor is noticeably greater than Mo17 peroxidating
Hydrogen enzyme (CAT) vigor.Illustrate that Mo17 Improved lines 010-3 low temperature resistant germinating capacity is substantially stronger than its parent Mo17.
Low temperature resistant germinating capacity qualification test of the embodiment 3 with peroxidase (POD) to Improved inbred lines 010-3
(1) test material
(1), handle:The corn inbred line 010-3 for the low temperature resistant germination that embodiment 1 is bred as.
(2), compare:Mo17.
(2) test method:
(1) (a) selects 120, full seed, first with 75% alcohol disinfecting 1min, then again with 10% hydrogen peroxide
10min is sterilized, is cleaned 3 times with running water;(b) totally 2h will be dried at 120 DEG C by uniform fine sand, adding deionized water makes the water content be
16%, obtain wet sand;(c) in germination cassette bottom layer paving wet sand 3cm, the seed after sterilization is sown into sand bed, then covered wet after 1cm
It is husky;(d) germination box is placed in growth cabinet under 8-10 DEG C of dark condition and germinateed, seedling plumule breaks through sand bed and is considered as
Seedling, then it is transplanted in flowerpot and grows at normal temperatures, qualification test is carried out when growing to for three one heart stages of leaf.
Following step is carried out according to the specification of the kit of Suzhou Ke Ming Bioisystech Co., Ltd.
(2) crude enzyme liquid extracts:Every plant of seedling quickly weighs 0.1g blades, adds 1ml extract solutions, carries out ice bath homogenate.
8000 turns of 4 DEG C of centrifugation 10min, take supernatant, put and detect on ice.
(3) determination of activity:Method according to the specification on Suo Gou Suzhou Ke Ming Bioisystech Co., Ltd kit is entered
OK.
Unit definition:It is an enzyme activity unit that A470 changes 0.01 per minute in every ml reaction systems are organized in per g.Meter
Calculating formula is:
POD (U/g fresh weights)=7133 × △ ÷ W.
As a result (see Fig. 2), the content of Mo17 Improved lines 010-3 peroxidase (POD) is noticeably greater than Mo17 peroxide
The content of compound enzyme (POD).Illustrate Mo17 Improved lines 010-3 low temperature resistant germinating capacity apparently higher than its parent Mo17.
Claims (8)
1. application of the corn allopolyploid (Tripsazea creammaize T.) on cold-resistant corn variety is cultivated.
2. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described corn allopolyploid refers to heterologous six times of corn
Body MTF-1 (Tripsazea creammaize T., 2n=76) or its Derivative line.
3. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described MTF-1 (Tripsazea creammaize T.;
2n=76) containing corn (Zea mays L.), tetraperennial teosinte (Zea perennis) and friction standing grain
The corn allohexaploid material of a full set of chromosome of (Tripsacum dactyloides L.).
4. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described Derivative line refers to using MTF-1 as female parent, with corn
(Zea mays L.), tetraperennial teosinte (Zea perennis) or friction standing grain (Tripsacum dactyloides
L. it is) paternal hybrid, selection includes the offspring of corn, tetraperennial teosinte and the three species full set chromosome of standing grain that rubs
(2n=76), the new allohexaploid of gained.
A kind of 5. method that low temperature resistant germination corn variety is cultivated using corn allopolyploid, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly:
(1), in the early spring, when local temperature rise is to 10 DEG C or so, by corn allohexaploid (Tripsazea creammaize T,
2n=76) carry out a point root and stem of certain plants, cuttage or other vegetative manners and obtain seedling, be that 2m × 2m carries out single-strain planting by seeding row spacing;
Meanwhile point 10 batches of plantation conventional corn A (Zea mays L., 2n=20), 20 plants every batch, every batch is spaced 3 days;
(2), by corn allohexaploid female fringe bagging before spinning, and its filigree is cut short to 2~3cm before pollination, then
Pollinated using conventional corn A as male parent to corn allohexaploid female fringe, each female fringe at least repeats pollination 3 times, every time after pollination
All marked on bagging, seed is harvested when ripe, obtain F1Generation;
(3), by step (2) obtained by F1Seeding row spacing 2m × 2m single-strain plantings are pressed for seed;Meanwhile same step (1) is equally planted in batches
Plant conventional corn A;With F1It is returned on behalf of female parent, by male parent of conventional corn A, obtains BC1F1Generation;
(4), low temperature germination identification:(a) by BC1F1For seed first with 75% alcohol disinfecting 1min, then with 10% hydrogen peroxide
10min is sterilized, then is cleaned 3 times with running water;(b) totally 2h will be dried at 120 DEG C by uniform fine sand, adding deionized water makes water content
For 16%, wet sand is obtained;(c) wet sand 3cm is spread in germination cassette bottom layer, by the BC after being sterilized in (a)1F1Sand bed is sown into for seed, then
Cover the wet sand that thickness is 1cm;(d) box that will germinate is placed in growth cabinet and germinateed under 8-10 DEG C of dark condition, seedling plumule
Sheath breaks through sand bed and is considered as emergence;Selection can germinate and plumule and radicle grow strong seed, is transplanted in flowerpot in normal temperature
Lower growth;Select the good and disease-resistant BC of economical character1F1It is female parent for plant, is returned by male parent of conventional corn A, obtains BC2F1
Generation;
(5), repeat step (4) is returned 2-4 times, obtains BC4F1Generation~BC6F1Generation;
(6), by step (5) obtained by BC4F1Generation~BC6F1Generation selfing 1 time, enters according to step (4) methods described to self progeny
The germination identification of row low temperature, can germinate and show consistent, the corn inbred line of as low temperature resistant germination at low temperature;It is or if general
Logical corn A is cenospecies or collective species, then BC4F1Generation~BC6F1In generation, will be continuously selfed, and carry out low temperature hair to self progeny
Bud is identified, until its performance is consistent, the corn inbred line of as low temperature resistant germination.
6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that the corn allohexaploid described in its step (1) refers to
MTF-1 (Tripsazea creammaize T, 2n=76) or its Derivative line.
7. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that the conventional corn A described in step (1) refers to that corn is selfed
System, cenospecies or collective species.
8. a kind of breeding method of the corn hybrid seed of low temperature resistant germination, it is characterised in that including with the side described in claim 5
The corn inbred line for the low temperature resistant germination that method is bred as is parent, assembles cenospecies.
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CN112704007A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-27 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Breeding method of allopolyploid triticale germplasm |
CN116034866A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-02 | 四川农业大学 | Method for cultivating dwarf corn variety by utilizing corn heterohexaploid |
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CN106818458A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | 四川农业大学 | The method that corn friction standing grain monosomic addition line is cultivated using corn allopolyploid |
CN106818459A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | 四川农业大学 | The method that corn teosinte monosomic addition line is cultivated using corn allopolyploid |
CN106857228A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-20 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method that utilization corn allopolyploid cultivates cold-resistant corn variety |
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CN106818458A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | 四川农业大学 | The method that corn friction standing grain monosomic addition line is cultivated using corn allopolyploid |
CN106818459A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | 四川农业大学 | The method that corn teosinte monosomic addition line is cultivated using corn allopolyploid |
CN106857228A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-20 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method that utilization corn allopolyploid cultivates cold-resistant corn variety |
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CN112704007A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-27 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Breeding method of allopolyploid triticale germplasm |
CN112704007B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-05-10 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Breeding method of allopolyploid triticale germplasm |
CN116158344A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-05-26 | 浙江大学 | New method for obtaining TuMV-resistant tuber mustard-purple cabbage differential additional line through distant hybridization and application |
CN116034866A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-02 | 四川农业大学 | Method for cultivating dwarf corn variety by utilizing corn heterohexaploid |
CN116034866B (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2024-04-09 | 四川农业大学 | Method for cultivating dwarf corn variety by utilizing corn heterohexaploid |
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