CN107566043A - A kind of quantum key transmitting terminal, receiving terminal, system and method - Google Patents
A kind of quantum key transmitting terminal, receiving terminal, system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107566043A CN107566043A CN201710854218.7A CN201710854218A CN107566043A CN 107566043 A CN107566043 A CN 107566043A CN 201710854218 A CN201710854218 A CN 201710854218A CN 107566043 A CN107566043 A CN 107566043A
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of quantum key transmitting terminal, receiving terminal, system and method, the quantum key transmitting terminal includes：Main laser,First from laser,Second from laser,Synchronous laser,Unequal arm interferometer,First annular device,Second circulator,First beam splitter,Wave filter,Attenuator,Wavelength division multiplexer,Wherein,Main laser connects unequal arm interferometer,One end of unequal arm interferometer connects the first port of first annular device,The other end of unequal arm interferometer connects the first port of the second circulator,The second port of first annular device connects first from laser,3rd port of first annular device connects the reflection end of the first beam splitter,Second circulator second port connects second from laser,3rd port of the second circulator connects the transmission end of the first beam splitter,First beam splitter connects wave filter,Wave filter connects attenuator,Attenuator connects the transmission end of wavelength division multiplexer,Synchronous laser connects the reflection end of wavelength division multiplexer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Quantum Secure Communication field, more particularly to a kind of quantum key transmitting terminal, receiving terminal,
Quantum key distribution system and method.
Background technology
With the deep development of internet, information security face neck increasing challenge.Currently, the amount of BB84 agreements
Quantum key distribution system extensive use, the coded system of its quantum key distribution system is phase code, time phase coding and
Polarization encoder etc..Quantum key distribution system based on polarization encoder, its transmitting terminal and receiving terminal can be realized easily partially
Referential of shaking is calibrated.Therefore, the quantum key distribution system based on polarization encoder can apply to large-scale networking quantum
Secret communication network.But polarization encoder is relatively weak for the polarization scrambling immunocompetence of remote channel, particularly pair
In the larger aerial optical cable of wind-force and the scenes such as larger ground buried fiber optic cable are vibrated, so, the quantum key based on polarization encoder
Dissemination system normally can not be worked at a distance.
And transmitting terminal is needed to possess with receiving terminal based on the quantum key distribution system that phase code or time phase encode
The unequal arm interferometer of a pair of length matching realizes phase interference.Current unequal arm interferometer is usually using optical fiber or plane
It is prepared by fiber waveguide, still, due to the moment change affected by various factors of the light path of optical fiber and planar optical waveguide, and its micron
Magnitude measurement accuracy is considerably complicated and difficult, so preparing the unequal arm of multiple length matchings based on optical fiber or planar optical waveguide
Interferometer is always a challenge.It follows that the quantum key distribution system based on phase code or time phase coding is very
Hardly possible carries out the networked deployment of large-scale quantum secret communication.
Therefore, multiple unequal arm interferometer length matching problems how are realized, are that current those skilled in the art compel to be essential
Technical problems to be solved.
The content of the invention
Technical problem to be solved of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of transmitting terminal of quantum key, receiving terminal and is
System, to solve the problems, such as to realize that multiple unequal arm interferometer length match in the prior art.
Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of sending method of quantum key and the receiving/transmission method of quantum key,
To ensure the realization of the said equipment and application.
In order to solve the above problems, the invention discloses a kind of quantum key transmitting terminal, the transmitting terminal includes：It is main to swash
Light device, first are from laser, second from laser, synchronous laser, unequal arm interferometer, first annular device, the second annular
Device, the first beam splitter, wave filter, attenuator, wavelength division multiplexer, wherein, the main laser connects the unequal arm interference
Instrument, one end of the unequal arm interferometer connect the first port of the first annular device, the unequal arm interferometer it is another
End connects the first port of second circulator, the second port connection described first of the first annular device from laser,
3rd port of the first annular device connects the reflection end of first beam splitter, and the second circulator second port connects
Described second is connect from laser, the 3rd port of second circulator connects the transmission end of first beam splitter, and described the
One beam splitter connects the wave filter, and the wave filter connects the attenuator, and the attenuator connects the wavelength division multiplexer
Transmission end, the synchronous laser connects the reflection end of the wavelength division multiplexer；Wherein, the unequal arm interferometer is by institute
State the laser pulse that main laser is sent and be divided into two identical laser pulses in time, be injected separately into and be locked to institute
First is stated to produce from laser pulse from laser from laser and second；When injecting laser pulse, to described first from swash
Light device and second from laser triggering varying strength voltage, make described first from laser and second from laser transmitting not
With intensity from laser pulse, and be input to the first beam splitter, first beam splitter to receive varying strength from laser
Coding is adjusted in pulse, obtains quantum signal light, the quantum signal light device and attenuator after filtering, with synchronous laser
Classical synchronous optical signal is launched after wavelength division multiplexer caused by device.
Optionally, the unequal arm interferometer includes：Second beam splitter and the 3rd beam splitter, wherein, first beam splitting
The transmission end of device is connected with the transmission end of the second beam splitter, the reflection end of first beam splitter and second beam splitter
Reflection end connects；First beam splitter is also connected with main laser, second beam splitter also respectively with first annular device and
Second circulator connects.
Optionally, the transmitting terminal also includes：One 90 degree of Faraday rotator, the 2nd 90 degree of Faraday rotator and
3rd circulator, wherein, the first port of the 3rd circulator is connected with main laser, and the second of the 3rd circulator
Port connects one end of the unequal arm interferometer, and the other end of the unequal arm interferometer connects the 2nd 90 degree of farad
Circulator, the 3rd port of the 3rd circulator connect the one 90 degree of Faraday rotator, the one 90 degree of method
Circulator is drawn to connect the first port of the first annular device.
Optionally, the unequal arm interferometer includes：4th beam splitter, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum and the 2nd 90
Spend faraday's speculum；Wherein, the 4th beam splitter second port with the 3rd circulator, the one 90 degree of method respectively
Draw speculum, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum and the 2nd 90 degree of Faraday rotator connection.
Optionally, the first port of the first annular device, second circulator and the 3rd circulator is believed for light
Number entrance, the second port be optical signal outlet；Or the entrance that the second port is optical signal, the described 3rd
Port is the outlet of optical signal.
Optionally, the phase for the laser pulse that the main laser is sent is randomized phase, the randomized phase
It is modulated using state method is inveigled.
Optionally, the trick state method modulation includes：
Produced to described first from laser and second from the internal voltage driver of laser or electric current difference range signal
The light pulse of varying strength；Or
External intensity modulator is used for modulating light pulse intensity；Or
External phase-modulator combination self-interference principle produces varying strength light pulse；Or
Using multiple varying strength light pulse is produced from laser combination fixed attenuator or different proportion beam splitter.
Optionally, the common port of the wavelength division multiplexer, for simultaneous transmission quantum signal light and classical synchronizable optical, its
In, the wavelength division multiplexer transmission end transmission of quantum flashlight, the reflection end of the wavelength division multiplexer transmits classical synchronizable optical.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of receiving terminal of quantum key, including：
Wavelength division multiplexer, synchronous photo-detector, the first beam splitter, the first single-photon detector, circulator, the second beam splitting
Device, phase shifter, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum, the second single-photon detector, the 3rd list
Photon detector, second beam splitter, unequal arm interferometer, the reflection end of the wavelength division multiplexer connect the synchronizable optical
Detector, the wavelength division multiplexer transmission end connect first beam splitter, described in the reflection end connection of first beam splitter
First single-photon detector, the transmission end of first beam splitter connect the first port of the circulator, the circulator
3rd port connects second single-photon detector, and the second port of the circulator connects the unequal arm interferometer
One end, the other end of the unequal arm interferometer connect the 3rd single-photon detector, wherein, the wavelength division multiplexer pair
The quantum signal light received and classical synchronous Optical Demultiplexing, synchronizable optical is obtained, the synchronous photo-detector detection is synchronous to be believed
Number, the system synchronization of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal is realized, quantum signal light is by the passive basic vector selection of beam splitter progress, progress Z bases
Swear that the measurement of time bit and X basic vectors phase bits measure, the single-photon detector progress Z basic vector times bit measurement, second
Single-photon detector and the 3rd single-photon detector carry out the measurement of X basic vectors phase bits, according to system X basic vectors error rate
Real-time Feedback phase shifter voltage, and adjust the phase reference system of receiving terminal and transmitting terminal.
Optionally, the unequal arm interferometer includes：Second beam splitter, phase shifter, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum and
2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum, wherein, the beam splitter second port with the circulator, the 2nd 90 degree of farad respectively
Speculum, the phase shifter, the 3rd single-photon detector connection, the phase shifter also with the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum
Connection.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of receive-transmit system of quantum key, including：The hair of quantum key
Sending end, the receiving terminal of quantum key, and quantum channel or circulator, the transmitting terminal of the sub-key and the sub-key
Receiving terminal connected by quantum channel or circulator, wherein,
The quantum key transmitting terminal quantum key transmitting terminal as described above；
The receiving terminal quantum key receiving terminal as described above of the quantum key.
Fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of quantum key sending method, including：
Triggering generation laser pulse；
The laser pulse is divided into two identical laser pulses in time；
Described two identical laser pulses are carried out with injection locking respectively, and is controlled by the voltage of varying strength
Described two identical laser pulses, produce varying strength from laser pulse；
Coding is modulated from laser pulse to the varying strength, obtains quantum signal light；
The quantum signal light is filtered, decayed, obtains the horizontal quantum signal light of single photon；
The horizontal quantum signal light of the single photon and caused classical synchronizing signal are sent to after wavelength-division multiplex
Receiving terminal.
Optionally, the phase of the laser pulse is randomized phase, and the randomized phase is entered using trick state method
Row modulation.
Optionally, the trick state method modulation includes：
The light pulse of varying strength is produced by internal voltage driver or electric current difference range signal；Or
External intensity modulator carrys out modulating light pulse intensity；Or
External phase-modulator combination self-interference principle produces varying strength light pulse；Or
Using multiple varying strength light pulse is produced from laser combination fixed attenuator or different proportion beam splitter.
5th aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of quantum key transmitting-receiving side based on quantum key receive-transmit system
Method, including：
Transmitting terminal triggering generation laser pulse；
Laser pulse described in the transmitting terminal is divided into two identical laser pulses in time；
The transmitting terminal carries out the voltage control of varying strength to described two identical laser pulses respectively, produces
Varying strength from laser pulse；
The transmitting terminal is modulated coding to the varying strength from laser pulse, obtains quantum signal light；
The transmitting terminal is filtered to the quantum signal light, decayed, and obtains the horizontal quantum signal light of single photon；
The transmitting terminal answers the horizontal quantum signal light of the single photon and caused classical synchronizing signal by wavelength-division
Receiving terminal is sent to by quantum channel with rear；
The receiving terminal is to the horizontal quantum signal light of the single photon that is received by the quantum channel and generation
Classical synchronizing signal demultiplexed, obtain classical synchronizing signal and quantum signal light；
The receiving terminal carries out passive basic vector selection, the measurement of Z basic vector times bit and X basic vectors to the quantum signal light
Phase bits measure, and determine the error rate of X basic vectors；
The receiving terminal adjusts the phase reference coefficient of receiving terminal and transmitting terminal according to the error rate of the X basic vectors.
Optionally, the voltage-controlled control that described two identical laser pulses are carried out with varying strength respectively
Mode processed includes：
The light pulse of varying strength is produced by internal voltage driver or electric current difference range signal；Or
External intensity modulator carrys out modulating light pulse intensity；Or
External phase-modulator combination self-interference principle produces the light pulse of varying strength；Or
Using multiple light pulses that varying strength is produced from laser combination fixed attenuator or different proportion beam splitter.
Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the present invention includes advantages below：
The embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of quantum key transmitting terminal, receiving terminal, receive-transmit system and method, to main laser
The phase code of pulse be unable to the control of intensity, is encoded using the passive different phase bits of the quantum nature of beam splitter,
And the signal pulse light phase prepared using the realization of pulse laser injection technique from laser is random, overcomes existing time phase
The deficiency of position encoding scheme, the quantum key distribution system of simple high speed is realized, so as to solve large scale networkization deployment
Unequal arm interferometer length matching problem.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the transmitting terminal of quantum key provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of another structural representation of quantum key transmitting terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of injection locking generation time bits of encoded pulse and phase bits coding
The schematic diagram of pulse；
Fig. 4 (a) is a kind of schematic diagram of the quantum nature of beam splitter provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 (b) is a kind of coherent state light source provided in an embodiment of the present invention signal that quantum state changes after beam splitter
Figure；
Fig. 5 is a kind of another structural representation of quantum key transmitting terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 concrete structure schematic diagrams of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural representation of quantum key receiving terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 provides a kind of structural representation of the receive-transmit system of quantum key for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is a kind of structural representation of the first application example of quantum key distribution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Figure 10 is a kind of structural representation of the second application example of quantum key distribution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Figure 11 is a kind of structural representation of the 3rd application example of quantum key distribution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Figure 12 is a kind of flow of the quantum key sending method based on above-described embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Figure 13 is a kind of another stream of the quantum key sending method based on above-described embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Cheng Tu.
Embodiment
In order to facilitate the understanding of the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, it is below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Reference picture 1, show the present invention be embodiment provide a kind of quantum key transmitting terminal structure chart, the amount
Sub-key transmitting terminal includes：
Main laser 1-1, first are interfered from laser 1-2, second from laser 1-3, synchronous laser 1-4, unequal arm
Instrument 1-25, first annular device 1-7, the second circulator 1-8, the first beam splitter 1-9, wave filter 1-10, attenuator 1-11, wavelength-division
Multiplexer 1-12, wherein, the main laser 1-1 connections unequal arm interferometer 1-25, the unequal arm interferometer 1-25
One end connect the first port of the first annular device 1-7, the other end connection of the unequal arm interferometer 1-25 described the
Second ring device 1-8 first port, the second port of the first annular device 1-7 connect described first from laser 1-2, institute
The 3rd port for stating first annular device 1-2 connects the reflection end of the 3rd beam splitter 1-9, the second circulator 1-8 second
Port connection described second connects the first beam splitter 1-9 from laser 1-3, the 3rd port of the second circulator 1-8
Transmission end, the first beam splitter 1-9 connections wave filter 1-10, the wave filter 1-10 connections attenuator 1-
11, the transmission end of the attenuator 1-11 connections wavelength division multiplexer 1-12, the synchronous laser 1-4 connections ripple
Division multiplexer 1-12 reflection end.
Wherein, in the embodiment, main laser arteries and veins that the unequal arm interferometer 1-25 sends the main laser 1-1
Punching be divided into two identical laser pulses in time, be injected separately into be locked to described first from laser 1-2 and second from
Laser 1-3 is produced from laser pulse；When injecting laser pulse, to described first from laser 1-2 and second from laser
Device 1-3 triggers different voltage, makes described first from laser and second from laser transmitting varying strength from laser arteries and veins
Punching, and the first beam splitter 1-9 is input to, the first beam splitter 1-9 is to receiving being adjusted from laser pulse for varying strength
Section coding, obtains quantum signal light, quantum signal light device 1-10 and attenuator 1-11 after filtering, with synchronous laser
The classical synchronizable optical of 1-4 outputs is launched after wavelength division multiplexer 1-12.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the first port of the first annular device and/or second circulator
For the entrance of optical signal, the second port is the outlet of optical signal；Or the entrance that the second port is optical signal, institute
State the outlet that the 3rd port is optical signal.
Optionally, on the basis of Fig. 1 embodiments, the unequal arm interferometer 1-25 includes：Second beam splitter 1-6
With the 3rd beam splitter 1-5, for its structural representation referring also to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is a kind of quantum key provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Another structural representation of transmitting terminal, wherein,
The transmission end of the first beam splitter 1-9 is connected with the second beam splitter 1-6 transmission end, first beam splitter
1-9 reflection end is connected with the reflection end of the second beam splitter 1-6；The first beam splitter 1-9 also with main laser 1-1
Connection, the second beam splitter 1-6 are also connected with first annular device 1-7 and the second circulator 1-8 respectively.
Wherein, in the above-described embodiments, main laser 1-1 sends the laser pulse of phase randomization and (compares the present embodiment
By taking broad pulse light as an example) pass through complete same laser pulse (the i.e. broad pulses of unequal arm interferometer 1-25 formation two of transmitting terminal
Light) as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3, which is the embodiment of the present invention, provides a kind of injection locking generation time bits of encoded pulse and phase bits
The schematic diagram of coded pulse.
As shown in figure 3, two it is complete with broad pulses be injected into first from laser 1-2 and second from laser 1-3.
Inject in the time corresponding to broad pulse, set according to random number, transmitting terminal gives first from laser 1-2 by electronic system
The different voltage of (so that first from laser as an example, it is identical from this from the process of laser to be sent to second) triggering, allows described
One from laser 1-2 injection lockings launch varying strength from laser pulse.Therefore, first can launch from laser 1-2
The independent burst pulse of previous or the latter, as Z basic vectors time bits of encoded；It is two narrow before and after can also launching simultaneously
Pulse, as X basic vectors phase bits encode.Due to the property of injection locking, first from laser 1-2 frequency and phase
Laser pulse when being locked with injection is identical, because the phase and frequency in a pulse is almost consistent, therefore, front and rear
Two frequencies from laser pulse are also almost consistent, then recycle polarization-maintaining wire jumper to ensure that its polarization is consistent, modulate telecommunications
Number ensure that its time-domain shape is approximate consistent.That is, two identical laser pulses derive from same laser pulse
(such as broad pulse), its proper phase is when two laser pulses are injected into first from laser and second from laser pulse
Identical.And its propagation phase is therefore the phase difference of two broad pulses as caused by the unequal arm interferometer of transmitting terminal, i.e.,Time difference T1 of its time at intervals of unequal arm interferometer.Former and later two from the phase difference of laser pulse be equal to injection when
The phase difference of two laser pulses, i.e.,
Optionally, unequal arm interferometer 1-25 in the above-described embodiments can be that Mach increases Dare unequal arm interferometer
Or Mach increases Dare unequal arm interferometer.
Wherein, the time or phase bits coding and inveigle state method modulate various intensity probability be it is arbitrary, can
According to different parameters condition, near-optimization value is obtained using optimized algorithm.
Wherein, first single-photon detector is used to detect the decoding of Z basic vector times bit, also can be by replacing with one
Individual beam splitter and two single-photon detectors detect Z basic vector time bit values respectively.
Wherein, the common port simultaneous transmission quantum signal light of the wavelength division multiplexer and classical synchronizable optical, the wavelength-division are answered
With device transmission end transmission of quantum flashlight, the reflection end of the wavelength division multiplexer transmits classical synchronizable optical.
Wherein, its polarization just rotates when optical signal is reflected the starting point of travel back by 90 degree of faraday's speculums
90 degree, so that the birefringence effect of optical fiber be immunized.
Wherein, the polarization of optical signal is rotated by 90 ° by 90 degree of Faraday rotators.
Wherein, described wave filter eliminates the spontaneous emission noise from laser, adds time bits of encoded and phase
The extinction ratio of position bits of encoded and reduce system mistake rate, wave filter can be that optical fiber bragg grating FBG, dense wavelength division are multiple
With device DWDM etc..
Wherein, it is described there is no optoisolator inside laser, so as to which external optical injection is entered to from laser
Row locking is produced from laser pulse.
Wherein, described main laser and from laser, envelope can be internally integrated to reduce spontaneous emission noise at it
Fill wave filter.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to realize the stable interference of system, it is necessary to be mended in the unequal arm interferometer of receiving terminal
This phase place change is repaid, can such as be compensated by adjusting phase shifter.Former and later two from the time interval T2 of laser pulse be by
What the given first voltage signal to be lighted from laser 1-2 and second from laser 1-3 determined, therefore, its interval is by electronics
Precision controlling, rather than determined by the unequal arm interferometer 1-25 of transmitting terminal arm length difference.Done so as to the unequal arm of transmitting terminal
Interferometer 1-25 time difference T1 accuracy can be relaxed, and be easy to the preparation of more set transmitting terminal unequal arm interferometer length.
Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b) are also referred to, is a kind of quantum nature of beam splitter provided in an embodiment of the present invention respectively
And the coherent state light source schematic diagram that quantum state changes after beam splitter：
It is the quantum expression schematic diagram of the beam splitter of four ports as shown in Fig. 4 (a), wherein a and b are in quantum mechanics
Annihilations operator.Hence for coherent state light source, former and later two light pulses of beam splitter two-way output, wherein have does not have phase all the way
Position, which becomes, turns to 0 phase code, and it is π phase codes to have π phase place changes all the way in addition, specific as shown in Fig. 4 (b).As Fig. 4 (b) gives
Go out coherent state its evolution of quantum state after beam splitter, intuitively present the preparation of 0 phase and π phases.According to random number
Set, if first reflects former and later two from laser 1-2 and carry out 0 phase code from laser pulse, second from laser 1-3
Launch former and later two pulses and carry out π phase codes.Being set according to random number can be to the voltage signal from laser difference amplitude
The light pulse for sending varying strength inveigle the modulation of state method, or an external intensity modulator or realizes intensity modulated
The phase-modulator of function carries out inveigling the modulation of state method.Using beam splitter 1-9 close beam from laser 1-2 launch from laser
Pulse and from laser 1-3 transmitting from laser pulse, adjust the uniformity in its time domain.Quantum signal after modulating-coding
Device 1-10 removes spontaneous emission noise to light after filtering, then by attenuator 1-11 decay intensities to the horizontal quantum of single photon
Flashlight, then, and from the classical synchronizable optical letter for being used to calibrate transmitting terminal and receiving terminal sequential caused by synchronous laser 1-4
Number it is transferred to receiving terminal by wavelength division multiplexer 1-12 and quantum channel 1-13 together.
The embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of transmitting terminal of quantum key, and the phase code of laser pulse is carried out not
The control of energy intensity, encoded using the passive different phase bits of the quantum nature of beam splitter, and injected using pulse laser
The signal pulse light phase that technology realization is prepared from laser is random, overcomes the shortcomings of existing time phase encoding scheme, realizes
The quantum key distribution system of simple high speed, so as to solve the unequal arm interferometer length matching of large scale networkization deployment
Problem.
Optionally, on the basis of above-mentioned Fig. 1 embodiments, the quantum key transmitting terminal can also include：One 90 degree
Faraday rotator 2-9, the 2nd 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-11 and the 3rd its structural representation of circulator 2-5 such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show, Fig. 5 is a kind of another structural representation of quantum key transmitting terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Wherein,
The first port of the 3rd circulator 2-5 is connected with main laser 1-1, and the second of the 3rd circulator 2-5
Port connects 1-25 one end of the unequal arm interferometer, the other end connection described second of the unequal arm interferometer 1-25
90 degree of Faraday rotators 2-11, the 3rd circulator 2-5 the 3rd port connect the one 90 degree of Faraday rotator
2-9, the first port of the one 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-9 connection first annular device 2-10.
Optional, on the basis of the embodiment described in Fig. 5, the 1-25 of the unequal arm interferometer includes：4th beam splitter 2-
6th, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-7 and the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-8；Wherein, the unequal arm in the embodiment is done
Interferometer is Michelson unequal arm interferometer or Michelson unequal arm interferometer.Wherein, the 4th beam splitter respectively with
The second port of the 3rd circulator 2-5, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-7, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-8
Connected with the 2nd 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-11.Its specific structural representation refers to Fig. 6, and Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 concrete structure
Schematic diagram.
The quantum key transmitting terminal includes：Main laser 1-1, first from laser 1-2, second from laser 1-3,
Synchronous laser 1-4, the 3rd circulator 2-5, the 4th beam splitter 2-6, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-7, the 2nd 90 degree of method
Draw speculum 2-8, the one 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-9, the second circulator 1-8, the 2nd 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-
11st, first annular device 1-7, the first beam splitter 1-9, wave filter 1-10, attenuator 1-11, wavelength division multiplexer 1-12, the master swash
Light device 1-1 connections the 3rd circulator 2-5 first port, the 3rd circulator 2-5 second port connection described in
One end of Michelson unequal arm interferometer, the other end of Michelson's unequal arm interferometer connect the 2nd 90 degree of method
Circulator 2-11 is drawn, the 3rd port of the 3rd circulator 2-5 connects the one 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-9, institute
The one 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-9 connections the second circulator 1-8 first port is stated, the first annular device 1-7's
Second port connection described first connects first beam splitter from laser 1-2, the first annular ports of device 1-7 the 3rd
1-9 reflection end, the second port connection described second of the second circulator 1-8 are annular from laser 1-3, described second
Device 1-8 the 3rd port connects the transmission end of the first beam splitter 1-9, the first beam splitter 1-9 connections wave filter
1-10, the wave filter 1-10 connections attenuator 1-11, the attenuator 1-11 connections wavelength division multiplexer 1-12's
Transmission end, the reflection end of the synchronous laser 1-4 connections wavelength division multiplexer 1-12, in order to the ripple of the receiving terminal
The common port that the common port of division multiplexer passes through quantum channel linkup transmit end wavelength division multiplexer 1-12.
Optionally, in the embodiment, described the of the first annular device and second circulator and the 3rd circulator
Single port is the entrance of optical signal, and the second port is the outlet of optical signal；Or the second port entering for optical signal
Mouthful, the 3rd port is the outlet of optical signal.
Optionally, in the embodiment, the phase of the laser pulse that the main laser is sent is randomized phase, institute
Randomized phase is stated to be modulated using trick state method.Wherein, the trick state method modulation includes：To described first from
Laser and the second light pulse for producing varying strength from the internal voltage driver or electric current difference range signal of laser；Or
The external intensity modulator of person is used for modulating light pulse intensity；Or external phase-modulator combination self-interference principle produces difference
Intensity light pulse；Or produce varying strength light from laser combination fixed attenuator or different proportion beam splitter using multiple
Pulse.
Optionally, in the embodiment, the common port of the wavelength division multiplexer, for simultaneous transmission quantum signal light and warp
Allusion quotation synchronizable optical, wherein, the wavelength division multiplexer transmission end transmission of quantum flashlight, the reflection end transmission of the wavelength division multiplexer
Classical synchronizable optical.
Specific implementation process in the embodiment is similar with the implementation process of above-described embodiment, specifically refer to it is above-mentioned herein
Repeat no more.
Also referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is a kind of structural representation of quantum key receiving terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention, bag
Include：
Wavelength division multiplexer 1-14, synchronous photo-detector 1-15, the first beam splitter 1-16, the first single-photon detector 1-17,
Circulator 1-18, the second beam splitter 1-19, phase shifter 1-20, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum 1-21, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday
Speculum 1-22, the second single-photon detector 1-23, the 3rd single-photon detector 1-24, the second beam splitter 1-19,
Arm interferometer, the reflection end of the wavelength division multiplexer 1-14 connect the synchronous photo-detector 1-15, the wavelength division multiplexer 1-
14 transmission ends connect the first beam splitter 1-16, and the reflection end of the first beam splitter 1-16 connects first single photon
Detector 1-17, the transmission end of first beam splitter connect the first port of the circulator 1-18, the circulator 1-18
The 3rd port connect the second single-photon detector 1-23, the second port of the circulator connects the unequal arm and done
One end of interferometer, the other end of the unequal arm interferometer connect the 3rd single-photon detector 1-24, wherein, the ripple
Division multiplexer 1-14 obtains synchronizable optical, the synchronous optical detection to the quantum signal light received and classical synchronous Optical Demultiplexing
Device 1-15 detects synchronizing signal, realizes the system synchronization of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, and quantum signal light enters by beam splitter 1-16
The passive basic vector selection of row, carry out the measurement of Z basic vector times bit and the measurement of X basic vectors phase bits, the single-photon detector 1-17
The measurement of Z basic vector times bit is carried out, single-photon detector 1-23 and 1-24 carry out the measurement of X basic vectors phase bits, existed according to system
The error rate Real-time Feedback phase shifter voltage of X basic vectors, and adjust the phase reference system of receiving terminal and transmitting terminal.
That is, receiving terminal is demultiplexed using wavelength division multiplexer 1-14, synchronizable optical is obtained, utilizes synchronous photo-detector
1-15 detects synchronizing signal, realizes the system synchronization of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal.Quantum signal light carries out quilt by beam splitter 1-16
Dynamic basic vector selection carries out the measurement of Z basic vector times bit and the measurement of X basic vectors phase bits, and its select probability is arbitrary, can be optimized
Selection.Single-photon detector 1-17 carries out the measurement of Z basic vector times bit, and single-photon detector 1-23 and 1-24 carry out X basic vector phases
Position bit measurement.According to system in the error rate Real-time Feedback phase shifter voltage of X basic vectors, the phase of adjustment receiving terminal and transmitting terminal
Position referential.External two monochromatic lights of a beam splitter can be adapted into order to loosen single-photon detector 1-17 performance requirement
Sub- detector, one of detector time bit 0, another detection time bit 1.
Also referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 provides a kind of structural representation of the receive-transmit system of quantum key for the embodiment of the present invention,
The receive-transmit system includes：Quantum key transmitting terminal 8-1, quantum key receiving terminal 8-2, and quantum channel 8-3, the son
The transmitting terminal of key is connected with the receiving terminal of the sub-key by quantum channel or circulator,
Wherein, the quantum channel is single-mode fiber or free space.
Optionally, in another embodiment, the quantum key transmitting terminal and quantum key receiving terminal can also pass through ring
Shape device integrates.
Wherein, the description of the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of the quantum key transmitting terminal and quantum key receiving terminal, it is above-mentioned right to refer to
The embodiment answered, will not be repeated here.
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has following advantage, and present system error rate is not polarized drift by channel
Influence, time bits of encoded is easily achieved and contrast is high, and the time interval of transmitting terminal phase encoding pulse is by electronics control
System, multiple transmitting terminals can be achieved and matched with a receiving terminal, disposed beneficial to large scale networkization.Utilize the quantum of beam splitter
Matter passively realizes the phase bits coding of 0 and 180 degree, and the signal prepared from laser is realized using pulse laser injection technique
Pulse light phase is random, and its spectral line width and time jitter are narrowed raising interference contrast simultaneously, loosen transmitting terminal and
Receiving terminal realizes the time difference of impulse phase interference.The quantum key distribution system is simple in construction, it is easier to carries out system collection
Into.
Also referring to Fig. 9, the first application example for a kind of quantum key distribution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
The embodiment is applied to the quantum key distribution system for the time phase BB84 codings for being easy to networking, as shown in figure 9, including hair
Sending end 91, receiving terminal 92 and quantum channel 1-13, wherein, transmitting terminal 91 is connected with receiving terminal 92 by quantum channel 1-13.Its
In,
The transmitting terminal 91 includes main laser 1-1, first from laser 1-2, second from laser 1-3, synchronous laser
Device 1-4, the 3rd beam splitter 1-5, the second beam splitter 1-6, first annular device 1-7, the second circulator 1-8, the first beam splitter 1-9,
Wave filter 1-10, attenuator 1-11, wavelength division multiplexer 1-12, wherein, the 3rd beam splitter 1-5, the second beam splitter 1-
6 and its optical fiber that is connected constitute the Mach of transmitting terminal and increase Dare unequal arm interferometer, the main laser 1-1 connections institute
The Mach for stating transmitting terminal increases Dare unequal arm interferometer, and the transmitting terminal Mach increases one end connection of Dare unequal arm interferometer
The first port of the first annular device 1-7, the transmitting terminal Mach increase the other end connection institute of Dare unequal arm interferometer
The second circulator 1-8 first port is stated, the second port of the first annular device 1-7 connects described first from laser 1-
2, the first annular device 1-7 the 3rd port connect the reflection end of the first beam splitter 1-9, the second circulator 1-8
Second port connection described second connects first beam splitting from laser 1-3, the 3rd port of the second circulator 1-8
Device 1-9 transmission end, the first beam splitter 1-9 connections wave filter 1-10, the wave filter 1-10 connections decay
Device 1-11, the transmission end of the attenuator 1-11 connections wavelength division multiplexer 1-12, the synchronous laser 1-4 connections institute
Wavelength division multiplexer 1-12 reflection end is stated, the wavelength division multiplexer 1-12 of receiving terminal common port passes through quantum channel 1-13
Linkup transmit end wavelength division multiplexer 1-14 common port；
The receiving terminal 92 includes：Wavelength division multiplexer 1-14, synchronous photo-detector 1-15, the first beam splitter 1-16, first
Single-photon detector 1-17, circulator 1-18, the second beam splitter 1-19, phase shifter 1-20, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum 1-
21st, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum 1-22, the second single-photon detector 1-23, the 3rd single-photon detector 1-24, described
Two beam splitter 1-19, the phase shifter 1-20, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum 1-21, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday
Speculum 1-22 and its optical fiber being connected constitute receiving terminal Michelson's unequal arm intervention module, the wavelength division multiplexer 1-
14 reflection end connects the synchronous photo-detector 1-15, and the wavelength division multiplexer 1-14 transmission ends connect first beam splitting
Device 1-16, the first beam splitter 1-16 reflection end connect the first single-photon detector 1-17, first beam splitter
Transmission end connect the first port of the circulator 1-18, the 3rd port connection described second of the circulator 1-18 is single
Photon detector 1-23, the second port of the circulator connect one end of the receiving terminal Michelson unequal arm interferometer, institute
The other end for stating receiving terminal Michelson's unequal arm interferometer connects the 3rd single-photon detector 1-24.
Wherein, in the embodiment, in the quantum key transmitting terminal and quantum key receiving terminal the function of each instrument and
The implementation process of effect, corresponding implementation process in above-described embodiment is referred to, will not be repeated here.
The system mistake rate of the embodiment of the present invention is not influenceed by channel polarization drift, and time bits of encoded is easily achieved
And contrast is high, the time interval of sender's phase encoding pulse is controlled by electronics, and N number of sender can be achieved and connect with one
Debit matches, and is disposed beneficial to large scale networkization.The phase bits of 0 and 180 degree are passively realized using the quantum nature of beam splitter
Coding, using pulse laser injection technique realize from laser prepare signal pulse light phase it is random, and its spectral line width and
Time jitter is narrowed raising interference contrast simultaneously, loosens sender and recipient realizes the time of impulse phase interference
Difference.The quantum key distribution system is simple in construction, it is easier to carries out the system integration.
Optionally, in another embodiment, the quantum key transmitting terminal and quantum key receiving terminal can pass through annular
Device integrates, and forms the quantum key distribution terminal 10 of transceiver, its result schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 10, Tu10Wei
A kind of structural representation of second application example of quantum key distribution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；In its Figure 10
Quantum key transmitting terminal and quantum key receiving terminal and Fig. 9 difference, are, change the quantum channel in Fig. 9 into annular
Device, other are identical, no longer illustrate one by one herein.
Figure 11 is also referred to, is a kind of the 3rd application example of quantum key distribution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Structural representation, the embodiment be applied to be easy to networking time phase BB84 coding quantum key distribution system, such as scheme
Shown in 11, including quantum key transmitting terminal 21, quantum key receiving terminal 22 and quantum channel 2-17, wherein, transmitting terminal 21 is with connecing
Receiving end 22 is connected by quantum channel 2-17.Wherein,
Wherein, the quantum key transmitting terminal 21 includes：Main laser 2-1, first are from laser 2-2, second from laser
Device 2-3, synchronous laser 2-4, the 3rd circulator 2-5, the second beam splitter 2-6, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-7, the secondth
90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-8, the one 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-9, the second circulator 2-10, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's rotation
Turn device 2-11, first annular device 2-12, the second beam splitter 2-13, wave filter 2-14, attenuator 2-15, wavelength division multiplexer 2-16,
The second beam splitter 2-6, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-7, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-8 and its it is connected
Optical fiber constitute transmitting terminal Michelson unequal arm interferometer, main laser 2-1 connections the 3rd circulator 2-5
First port, the second port of the 3rd circulator 2-5 connects the one of the transmitting terminal Michelson unequal arm interferometer
End, the other end of the transmitting terminal Michelson unequal arm interferometer connects the 2nd 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-11, described
3rd circulator 2-5 the 3rd port connects the one 90 degree of Faraday rotator 2-9, the one 90 degree of faraday rotation
Turn device 2-9 connections first annular device 2-10 first port, the second port connection institute of the first annular device 2-10
State first and connect the reflection end of the second beam splitter 2-13 from laser 2-2, the first annular ports of device 2-10 the 3rd,
The second port connection described second of the second circulator 2-12 is from laser 2-3, and the 3rd of the second circulator 2-12 the
Port connects the transmission end of the first beam splitter 2-13, the first beam splitter 2-13 connections wave filter 2-14, described
The wave filter 2-14 connections attenuator 2-15, the transmission end of the attenuator 2-15 connections wavelength division multiplexer 2-16, institute
State synchronous laser 2-4 connections wavelength division multiplexer 2-16 reflection end；The wavelength-division multiplex of the quantum key receiving terminal
The common port that device 2-18 common port passes through quantum channel 2-17 linkup transmits end wavelength division multiplexer 2-16；
The quantum key receiving terminal includes：Wavelength division multiplexer 2-18, synchronous photo-detector 2-19, the first beam splitter 2-
20th, the first single-photon detector 2-21, circulator 2-22, the second beam splitter 2-23, phase shifter 2-24, the one 90 degree of faraday
Speculum 2-25, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-26, the second single-photon detector 2-27, the 3rd single-photon detector 2-
28, the second beam splitter 2-23, the phase shifter 2-24, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum 2-25, the described 2nd 90
Degree faraday's speculum 2-26 and its optical fiber being connected constitute receiving terminal Michelson's unequal arm interferometer, and the wavelength-division is answered
The synchronous photo-detector 2-19 is connected with device 2-18 reflection end, the wavelength division multiplexer 2-18 transmission ends connection described the
One beam splitter 2-20, the first beam splitter 2-20 reflection end connects the first single-photon detector 2-21, and described first
Beam splitter 2-20 transmission end connects the first port of the circulator 2-22, the 3rd port connection of the circulator 2-22
The second single-photon detector 2-27, the circulator 2-22 second port connect the receiving terminal Michelson unequal arm
Interferometer, the receiving terminal Michelson unequal arm interferometer connect the 3rd single-photon detector 2-28.
Wherein, in the embodiment, in the quantum key transmitting terminal and quantum key receiving terminal the function of each instrument and
The implementation process of effect, corresponding implementation process in above-described embodiment is referred to, will not be repeated here.
Optionally, in another embodiment, the quantum key transmitting terminal and quantum key receiving terminal can pass through annular
Device integrates, and forms the quantum key distribution terminal of transceiver.
In the embodiment of the present invention, due to quantum key transmitting terminal phase encoding pulse time interval by Electronic Control,
Multiple quantum key transmitting terminals can be achieved to match with a quantum key receiving terminal, reduce quantum key transmitting terminal and quantum
Realize the time difference of impulse phase interference in key reception end.Out of phase ratio is passively realized using the quantum nature of beam splitter
Spy's coding, and the signal pulse light phase prepared using the realization of pulse laser injection technique from laser are random, and its spectrum
Line width and time jitter are narrowed raising interference contrast simultaneously, loosen quantum key transmitting terminal and quantum key receiving terminal
Realize the time difference of impulse phase interference.The quantum key distribution system is simple in construction, it is easier to carries out the system integration.
Figure 12 is also referred to, is a kind of quantum key sender based on above-described embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of method, methods described include：
Step 101：Triggering generation laser pulse；
In this step, the phase of the laser pulse is randomized phase, and the randomized phase is using trick state side
Method is modulated.
Namely institute, main laser launch laser pulse by internal modulation, and its proper phase is random, meet to inveigle
The phase randomization of state method is assumed.
Laser pulse needs to carry out inveigling the modulation of state method, it is preferable that time bits of encoded is signal state, phase ratio
Spy is encoded to two weak trick states, and a vacuum state.
Wherein, the trick state method modulation can be to believe to from laser internal voltage driver or electric current difference amplitude
The light pulse of varying strength number is produced, or external intensity modulator is used for modulating light pulse intensity, or external phase-modulator knot
Close self-interference principle and produce varying strength light pulse, or divided using multiple from laser combination fixed attenuator or different proportion
Beam device produces varying strength light pulse.
Wherein, the time or phase bits coding and inveigle state method modulate various intensity probability be it is arbitrary, can
According to different parameters condition, near-optimization value is obtained using optimized algorithm.
Step 102：The laser pulse is divided into two identical laser pulses in time；
In the step, can Mach increase Dare unequal arm interferometer one laser pulse is divided into two in time
Complete same laser pulse, its concrete implementation process, it has been known technology for art technology, it is no longer superfluous herein
State.
Step 103：Injection locking is carried out respectively to described two identical laser pulses, and passes through varying strength
Voltage controls described two identical laser pulses, produce varying strength from laser pulse；
First by two it is different be respectively used to injection locking from laser from laser pulse, and the electricity for passing through varying strength
The described two identical laser pulses of voltage-controlled system are produced from laser pulse, that is to say, that it is described from laser in different random
The time bits of encoded of one pulse of generation or the phase of two pulses under the driving voltage or the function of current that are generated under numerical control system
Position bits of encoded, the time interval of two pulses of phase bits coding are accurately controlled by electronics.
Step 104：Coding is modulated from laser pulse to the varying strength, obtains quantum signal light；
In the step, to the process that coding is modulated from laser pulse of varying strength, for those skilled in the art
For, it has been known technology, has will not be repeated here.
Step 105：The quantum signal light is filtered, decayed, obtains the horizontal quantum signal light of single photon；
Step 106：The horizontal quantum signal light of the single photon and caused classical synchronizing signal are passed through into wavelength-division multiplex
After be sent to receiving terminal.
Figure 13 is also referred to, for a kind of quantum key transmitting-receiving based on above-described embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of method, the receiving/transmission method include：
Step 201：Transmitting terminal triggering generation laser pulse；
Step 202：Laser pulse described in the transmitting terminal is divided into two identical laser pulses in time；
Step 203：The transmitting terminal carries out the voltage control of varying strength to described two identical laser pulses respectively
System, produce varying strength from laser pulse；
Step 204：The transmitting terminal is modulated coding to the varying strength from laser pulse, obtains quantum letter
Number light；
Step 205：The transmitting terminal is filtered to the quantum signal light, decayed, and obtains the horizontal quantum of single photon
Flashlight；
Step 206：The transmitting terminal passes through the horizontal quantum signal light of the single photon and caused classical synchronizing signal
Cross after wavelength-division multiplex and receiving terminal is sent to by quantum channel；
Step 207：The receiving terminal is to the quantum signal of the single photon level received by the quantum channel
Light and caused classical synchronizing signal are demultiplexed, and obtain classical synchronizing signal and quantum signal light；
Step 208：The receiving terminal carries out passive basic vector selection to the quantum signal light, Z basic vector times bit measures
Measured with X basic vectors phase bits, determine the error rate of X basic vectors；
Step 209：The receiving terminal adjusts the phase reference of receiving terminal and transmitting terminal according to the error rate of the X basic vectors
Coefficient.
Wherein, in the embodiment, the voltage that described two identical laser pulses are carried out with varying strength respectively
The control mode of control includes：The light pulse of varying strength is produced by internal voltage driver or electric current difference range signal；Or
The external intensity modulator of person carrys out modulating light pulse intensity；Or external phase-modulator combination self-interference principle produces difference by force
The light pulse of degree；Or produce varying strength from laser combination fixed attenuator or different proportion beam splitter using multiple
Light pulse.
It should be noted that for embodiment of the method, in order to be briefly described, therefore it is all expressed as to a series of action
Combination, but those skilled in the art should know, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by described sequence of movement, because
For according to the embodiment of the present invention, some steps can use other orders or carry out simultaneously.Secondly, those skilled in the art
Also should know, embodiment described in this description belongs to preferred embodiment, involved action not necessarily this hair
Necessary to bright embodiment.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, and what each embodiment stressed is
With the difference of other embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually referring to.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention can be provided as method, apparatus or meter
Calculation machine program product.Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can use complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or with reference to software
With the form of the embodiment of hardware aspect.Moreover, the embodiment of the present invention can use wherein includes computer in one or more
The computer-usable storage medium (including but is not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) of usable program code
The form of the computer program product of upper implementation.
The embodiment of the present invention is with reference to method according to embodiments of the present invention, terminal device (system) and computer program
The flow chart and/or block diagram of product describes.It should be understood that can be by computer program instructions implementation process figure and/or square frame
Each flow and/or square frame in figure and the flow in flow chart and/or block diagram and/or the combination of square frame.It can provide
These computer program instructions are whole to the processing of all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable datas
The processor of end equipment is to produce a machine so that passes through computer or the place of other programmable data processing terminal equipments
The instruction that reason device performs is produced for realizing in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows and/or one square frame or more of block diagram
The device for the function of being specified in individual square frame.
These computer program instructions, which may be alternatively stored in, can guide computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipments
In the computer-readable memory to work in a specific way so that the instruction being stored in the computer-readable memory produces
Manufacture including command device, the command device are realized in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows and/or one, block diagram
The function of being specified in square frame or multiple square frames.
These computer program instructions can be also loaded into computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipments, made
Obtain and series of operation steps is performed on computer or other programmable terminal equipments to produce computer implemented processing, from
And the instruction performed on computer or other programmable terminal equipments is provided for realizing in one flow or multiple of flow chart
The step of function of being specified in one square frame of flow and/or block diagram or multiple square frames.
Although having been described for the preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art once know
Basic creative concept, then other change and modification can be made to these embodiments.So appended claims are intended to solve
It is interpreted as including preferred embodiment and falls into having altered and changing for range of embodiment of the invention.
Finally, it is to be noted that, herein, such as first and second or the like relational terms are used merely to
By an entity or operation with another entity or operate make a distinction, and not necessarily require or imply these entities or
Any this actual relation or order between operation be present.Moreover, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other
Variant is intended to including for nonexcludability, so that process, method, article or terminal including a series of elements are set
It is standby not only to include those key elements, but also the other element including being not expressly set out, or also including be this process,
Method, article or the intrinsic key element of terminal device.In the absence of more restrictions, by sentence " including one
It is individual ... " limit key element, it is not excluded that also exist in the process including the key element, method, article or terminal device
Other identical element.
Above to a kind of quantum key transmitting terminal, receiving terminal, receive-transmit system and its method provided by the present invention, carry out
It is discussed in detail, specific case used herein is set forth to the principle and embodiment of the present invention, above example
Explanation be only intended to help understand the present invention method and its core concept；Meanwhile for the general technology people of this area
Member, according to the thought of the present invention, there will be changes in specific embodiments and applications, in summary, this explanation
Book content should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (16)
- A kind of 1. quantum key transmitting terminal, it is characterised in that including：Main laser, first from laser, second from laser, Synchronous laser, unequal arm interferometer, first annular device, the second circulator, the first beam splitter, wave filter, attenuator, wavelength-division are multiple With device, wherein, the main laser connects the unequal arm interferometer, one end connection described first of the unequal arm interferometer The first port of circulator, the other end of the unequal arm interferometer connect the first port of second circulator, and described the The second port connection described first of one circulator connects described first point from laser, the 3rd port of the first annular device The reflection end of beam device, the second circulator second port connection described second is from laser, and the 3rd of second circulator the Port connects the transmission end of first beam splitter, and first beam splitter connects the wave filter, and the wave filter connects institute Attenuator is stated, the attenuator connects the transmission end of the wavelength division multiplexer, and the synchronous laser connects the wavelength-division multiplex The reflection end of device；Wherein, the laser pulse that the main laser is sent is divided into two by the unequal arm interferometer in time Individual identical laser pulse, it is injected separately into and is locked to described first and is produced from laser and second from laser from laser arteries and veins Punching；When injecting laser pulse, to described first from laser and second from the voltage of laser triggering varying strength, make institute First is stated from laser and second from laser transmitting varying strength from laser pulse, and is input to the first beam splitter, it is described Coding is adjusted from laser pulse to receive varying strength in first beam splitter, obtains quantum signal light, the quantum letter Number light device and attenuator after filtering, with synchronous laser caused by classical synchronous optical signal launch after wavelength division multiplexer.
- 2. transmitting terminal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the unequal arm interferometer includes：Second beam splitter and 3rd beam splitter, wherein, the transmission end of first beam splitter is connected with the transmission end of the second beam splitter, first beam splitter Reflection end be connected with the reflection end of second beam splitter；First beam splitter is also connected with main laser, and described second Beam splitter is also connected with first annular device and the second circulator respectively.
- 3. transmitting terminal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transmitting terminal also includes：One 90 degree of faraday's rotation Turn device, the 2nd 90 degree of Faraday rotator and the 3rd circulator, wherein, the first port and main laser of the 3rd circulator Connection, the second port of the 3rd circulator connect one end of the unequal arm interferometer, the unequal arm interferometer it is another One end connects the 2nd 90 degree of Faraday rotator, and the 3rd port of the 3rd circulator connects the one 90 degree of farad Circulator, the one 90 degree of Faraday rotator connect the first port of the first annular device.
- 4. transmitting terminal according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the unequal arm interferometer includes：4th beam splitter, One 90 degree of faraday's speculums and the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum；Wherein, the 4th beam splitter respectively with the 3rd ring The second port of shape device, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum and the 2nd 90 degree of Faraday rotation Device connects.
- 5. according to the transmitting terminal described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that the first annular device, second ring The first port of shape device and the 3rd circulator is the entrance of optical signal, and the second port is the outlet of optical signal；Or The second port is the entrance of optical signal, and the 3rd port is the outlet of optical signal.
- 6. according to the transmitting terminal described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that the main laser that the main laser is sent The phase of pulse is randomized phase, and the randomized phase is modulated using trick state method.
- 7. according to the transmitting terminal described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that the trick state method modulation includes：To described first difference is produced from laser and second from the internal voltage driver of laser or electric current difference range signal The light pulse of intensity；OrExternal intensity modulator is used for modulating light pulse intensity；OrExternal phase-modulator combination self-interference principle produces varying strength light pulse；OrUsing multiple varying strength light pulse is produced from laser combination fixed attenuator or different proportion beam splitter.
- 8. according to the transmitting terminal described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that the common port of the wavelength division multiplexer, use In simultaneous transmission quantum signal light and classical synchronizable optical, wherein, the wavelength division multiplexer transmission end transmission of quantum flashlight is described The reflection end of wavelength division multiplexer transmits classical synchronizable optical.
- A kind of 9. receiving terminal of quantum key, it is characterised in that including：Wavelength division multiplexer, synchronous photo-detector, the first beam splitter, the first single-photon detector, circulator, the second beam splitter, shifting Phase device, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum, the second single-photon detector, the 3rd single-photon detecting Device, second beam splitter, unequal arm interferometer are surveyed, the reflection end of the wavelength division multiplexer connects the synchronous photo-detector, The wavelength division multiplexer transmission end connects first beam splitter, and the reflection end of first beam splitter connects first monochromatic light Sub- detector, the transmission end of first beam splitter connect the first port of the circulator, the 3rd port of the circulator Second single-photon detector is connected, the second port of the circulator connects one end of the unequal arm interferometer, described The other end of unequal arm interferometer connects the 3rd single-photon detector, wherein, the wavelength division multiplexer is to the amount that receives Subsignal light and classical synchronous Optical Demultiplexing, synchronizable optical is obtained, the synchronous photo-detector detection synchronizing signal, realizes transmitting terminal With the system synchronization of receiving terminal, quantum signal light carries out passive basic vector selection by beam splitter, carries out the measurement of Z basic vector times bit Measured with X basic vectors phase bits, the single-photon detector carries out the measurement of Z basic vector times bit, the second single-photon detector and 3rd single-photon detector carries out the measurement of X basic vectors phase bits, electric in the error rate Real-time Feedback phase shifter of X basic vectors according to system Pressure, and adjust the phase reference system of receiving terminal and transmitting terminal.
- 10. receiving terminal according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the unequal arm interferometer includes：Second beam splitter, Phase shifter, the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum and the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum, wherein, the beam splitter respectively with the ring The second port of shape device, the 2nd 90 degree of faraday's speculum, the phase shifter, the connection of the 3rd single-photon detector, the phase shift Device is also connected with the one 90 degree of faraday's speculum.
- A kind of 11. receive-transmit system of quantum key, it is characterised in that including：The transmitting terminal of quantum key, the reception of quantum key The receiving terminal of end, and quantum channel or circulator, the transmitting terminal of the sub-key and the sub-key passes through quantum channel Or circulator connection, wherein,The transmitting terminal of the quantum key is as described in any one of claim 1 to 8；The receiving terminal of the quantum key is as described in claim 9 or 10.
- A kind of 12. quantum key sending method based on claim 1, it is characterised in that including：Triggering generation laser pulse；The laser pulse is divided into two identical laser pulses in time；Described two identical laser pulses are carried out with injection locking respectively, and described two are controlled by the voltage of varying strength Individual identical laser pulse, produce varying strength from laser pulse；Coding is modulated from laser pulse to the varying strength, obtains quantum signal light；The quantum signal light is filtered, decayed, obtains the horizontal quantum signal light of single photon；The horizontal quantum signal light of the single photon and caused classical synchronizing signal are sent to reception after wavelength-division multiplex End.
- 13. sending method according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the phase of the laser pulse is randomization phase Position, the randomized phase are modulated using trick state method.
- 14. sending method according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the trick state method modulation includes：The light pulse of varying strength is produced by internal voltage driver or electric current difference range signal；OrExternal intensity modulator carrys out modulating light pulse intensity；OrExternal phase-modulator combination self-interference principle produces varying strength light pulse；OrUsing multiple varying strength light pulse is produced from laser combination fixed attenuator or different proportion beam splitter.
- A kind of 15. receiving/transmission method of the quantum key based on claim 11, it is characterised in that including：Transmitting terminal triggering generation laser pulse；Laser pulse described in the transmitting terminal is divided into two identical laser pulses in time；The transmitting terminal carries out the voltage control of varying strength to described two identical laser pulses respectively, produces different strong Degree from laser pulse；The transmitting terminal is modulated coding to the varying strength from laser pulse, obtains quantum signal light；The transmitting terminal is filtered to the quantum signal light, decayed, and obtains the horizontal quantum signal light of single photon；The transmitting terminal is by the horizontal quantum signal light of the single photon and caused classical synchronizing signal after wavelength-division multiplex Receiving terminal is sent to by quantum channel；The receiving terminal is to the horizontal quantum signal light of the single photon received by the quantum channel and caused warp Allusion quotation synchronizing signal is demultiplexed, and obtains classical synchronizing signal and quantum signal light；The receiving terminal carries out passive basic vector selection, the measurement of Z basic vector times bit and X basic vectors phase ratio to the quantum signal light Spy's measurement, determine the error rate of X basic vectors；The receiving terminal adjusts the phase reference coefficient of receiving terminal and transmitting terminal according to the error rate of the X basic vectors.
- 16. receiving/transmission method according to claim 15, it is characterised in that described to described two identical laser pulses Carrying out the voltage-controlled control mode of varying strength respectively includes：The light pulse of varying strength is produced by internal voltage driver or electric current difference range signal；OrExternal intensity modulator carrys out modulating light pulse intensity；OrExternal phase-modulator combination self-interference principle produces the light pulse of varying strength；OrUsing multiple light pulses that varying strength is produced from laser combination fixed attenuator or different proportion beam splitter.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710854218.7A CN107566043B (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-15 | A kind of quantum key transmitting terminal, receiving end, system and method |
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| CN201710854218.7A CN107566043B (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-15 | A kind of quantum key transmitting terminal, receiving end, system and method |
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| CN108494550A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-04 | 长春大学 | A kind of safe unlocking method in mobile terminal based on quantum key |
| CN110351075A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-10-18 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of continuous variable quantum key distribution system |
| CN110855440A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-02-28 | 北京中创为量子通信技术有限公司 | High-speed quantum key encoding device and encoding method |
| CN111077614A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 山东国迅量子芯科技有限公司 | Micro-optical integrated light emitting module and application thereof |
| CN111740823A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-02 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Time-phase quantum key coding device, system and method |
| CN113141209A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-07-20 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Device for detecting strong light in transmitting end of quantum communication system |
| CN114531228A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-24 | 华南师范大学 | Multi-user TF-QKD system with stable phase and implementation method |
| CN114745108A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-12 | 广西大学 | Silicon-based integrated double-field quantum key distribution coding chip |
| CN116381644A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-04 | 北京中科国光量子科技有限公司 | Polarization insensitive anti-deception interference quantum laser radar |
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| WO2023282782A1 (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-12 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Курэйт" | Amplitude and phase modulator based on semiconductor lasers |
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| CN108494550A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-04 | 长春大学 | A kind of safe unlocking method in mobile terminal based on quantum key |
| CN110351075A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-10-18 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of continuous variable quantum key distribution system |
| CN110351075B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2024-05-17 | 中国科学技术大学 | Continuous variable quantum key distribution system |
| CN111077614A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 山东国迅量子芯科技有限公司 | Micro-optical integrated light emitting module and application thereof |
| CN110855440A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-02-28 | 北京中创为量子通信技术有限公司 | High-speed quantum key encoding device and encoding method |
| CN110855440B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-12 | 北京中创为量子通信技术有限公司 | High-speed quantum key encoding device and encoding method |
| CN111740823B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2021-02-19 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Time-phase quantum key coding device, system and method |
| CN111740823A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-02 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Time-phase quantum key coding device, system and method |
| CN113141209A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-07-20 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Device for detecting strong light in transmitting end of quantum communication system |
| CN114531228A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-24 | 华南师范大学 | Multi-user TF-QKD system with stable phase and implementation method |
| CN114531228B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-06-30 | 华南师范大学 | Multi-user TF-QKD system with stable phase and implementation method |
| CN114745108A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-12 | 广西大学 | Silicon-based integrated double-field quantum key distribution coding chip |
| CN116381644A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-04 | 北京中科国光量子科技有限公司 | Polarization insensitive anti-deception interference quantum laser radar |
| CN116381644B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-08-11 | 北京中科国光量子科技有限公司 | Polarization insensitive anti-deception interference quantum laser radar |
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