CN107565812B - DC/DC converter and energy acquisition system - Google Patents
DC/DC converter and energy acquisition system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107565812B CN107565812B CN201711024489.6A CN201711024489A CN107565812B CN 107565812 B CN107565812 B CN 107565812B CN 201711024489 A CN201711024489 A CN 201711024489A CN 107565812 B CN107565812 B CN 107565812B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a DC/DC converter which is applied to an energy acquisition system, wherein the energy acquisition system comprises a power supply module and a rectifier, the DC/DC converter comprises an oscillator module and a charge pump module, the oscillator module comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor, a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch, and the charge pump module outputs power supply voltage for enabling a load to normally work through a clock signal provided by the oscillator module. The DC/DC converter provided by the invention has lower starting oscillation voltage, is easy to integrate, and saves the cost of energy acquisition to a certain extent. The invention also discloses an energy acquisition system, which has the beneficial effects.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of energy harvesting, and in particular, to a DC/DC converter and an energy harvesting system.
Background
As electronic circuits have entered the era of power supply using microwatts of energy, the energy harvesting technology corresponding to the electronic circuits has begun to gain social attention. The conventional DC/DC converter generally adopts a mechanical auxiliary switch to replace a required clock, so that the DC/DC converter can be started under the condition of low input voltage.
However, the mechanical auxiliary switch in the DC/DC converter is difficult to integrate, which limits the applicable space of the DC/DC converter, and the mechanical auxiliary switch has high cost, which increases the cost of energy acquisition to a certain extent.
Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problem is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a DC/DC converter which is applied to an energy acquisition system, is easy to integrate and saves the energy acquisition cost to a certain extent; it is another object of the present invention to provide an energy harvesting system.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a DC/DC converter applied to an energy obtaining system, where the energy obtaining system includes a power module and a rectifier, the DC/DC converter includes an oscillator module and a charge pump module, the oscillator module includes a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor, a first controllable switch, and a second controllable switch, where:
a first end of the first inductor is connected with a first end of the second inductor, a common end of the first inductor is connected with an output end of the rectifier, a second end of the first inductor is respectively connected with a first end of the first capacitor, a first end of the first controllable switch and a control end of the second controllable switch, a second end of the second inductor is respectively connected with a second end of the first capacitor, a first end of the second controllable switch and a control end of the first controllable switch, a common end of the second inductor is respectively connected with a first input end of the charge pump module and a second input end of the charge pump module, a second end of the first controllable switch is connected with a first end of the third inductor, a second end of the third inductor is connected with ground, a second end of the second controllable switch is connected with a first end of the fourth inductor, and a second end of the fourth inductor is connected with ground, the output end of the charge pump module is connected with the power supply end of the load;
the charge pump module outputs a supply voltage for enabling the load to work normally through a clock signal provided by the oscillator module.
Preferably, the charge pump module includes a first positive controllable switch, a first negative controllable switch, a first positive capacitor, a first negative capacitor, a first positive voltage boosting module, a second positive voltage boosting module up to the nth positive voltage boosting module, a first negative voltage boosting module, a second negative voltage boosting module up to the nth negative voltage boosting module, wherein:
the first end of the first positive controllable switch is respectively connected with the first end of the first positive boosting module, the first end of the second positive boosting module and the first end of the Nth positive boosting module, the common end of the first positive controllable switch is used as the first input end of the charge pump module, the second end of the first positive controllable switch is respectively connected with the first end of the first positive capacitor and the second end of the first positive boosting module, the second end of the first positive capacitor is respectively connected with the third end of the first positive boosting module, the third end of the second positive boosting module, the third end of the Nth positive boosting module and the ground, the fourth end of the ith positive boosting module is connected with the second end of the (i + 1) th positive boosting module, a fourth terminal of the nth positive boosting module is used as an output terminal of the charge pump module, wherein i is 1,2, …, N-1;
the second end of the first negative controllable switch is respectively connected with the first end of the first negative boosting module, the first end of the second negative boosting module and the first end of the Nth negative boosting module, the common end of the first negative controllable switch is used as the second input end of the charge pump module, the first end of the first negative controllable switch is respectively connected with the first end of the first negative capacitor and the second end of the first negative boosting module, the second end of the first negative capacitor is respectively connected with the third end of the first negative boosting module, the third end of the second negative boosting module, the third end of the Nth negative boosting module and the ground, the fourth end of the jth negative boosting module is connected with the second end of the jth +1 negative boosting module, and the fourth end of the Nth negative boosting module is used as the output end of the charge pump module, wherein j is 1,2, …, and N-1.
Preferably, the α th positive boost module comprises a positive boost capacitor CuαSecond positive controllable switch VT2αThird positive controllable switch VT3αPositive output capacitance COαThe β th negative boost module comprises a negative boost capacitor CuβSecond negative controllable switch VT2βThird negative controllable switch VT3βNegative output capacitance COβα ═ 1,2, …, N, β ═ 1,2, …, N, where:
the positive boost capacitor CuαAs a first terminal of said α th positive boost module, said positive boost capacitor CuαAnd a second terminal of (2) and said second positive controllable switch VT, respectively2αAnd said third positive controllable switch VT3αIs connected to the first terminal of the second positive controllable switch VT2αAs a second terminal of said α th positive boost module, said third positive controllable switch VT3αAnd the positive output capacitor COαHas a common terminal as the α th positive boost moduleFourth terminal, the positive output capacitor COαAs a third terminal of said α positive boost module;
the negative boost capacitor CuβAs a first terminal of said β th negative boost module, said negative boost capacitor CuβAnd a second terminal of the first negative controllable switch VT2βAnd the third negative controllable switch VT3βIs connected to the second terminal of the second negative controllable switch VT2βAs a second terminal of the β negative boost module, the third negative controllable switch VT3βAnd the negative output capacitor COβA common terminal of the first capacitor is used as a fourth terminal of the β negative boost module, and the negative output capacitor COβAs a third terminal of said β negative boost module.
Preferably, the second positive controllable switch VT2αSaid third positive controllable switch VT3αSaid second negative controllable switch VT2βAnd said third negative controllable switch VT3βAre all PMOS tubes, wherein:
the drain electrode of the PMOS tube is used as the second positive controllable switch VT2αThe third positive controllable switch VT3αThe second negative controllable switch VT2βAnd said third negative controllable switch VT3βThe grid electrode of the PMOS tube is connected with the substrate, and the common end of the PMOS tube is used as the second positive controllable switch VT2αThe third positive controllable switch VT3αThe second negative controllable switch VT2βAnd said third negative controllable switch VT3βThe second end of (a).
Preferably, the first controllable switch is a first NMOS transistor, and the second controllable switch is a second NMOS transistor, where:
a grid electrode of the first NMOS tube is used as a control end of the first controllable switch, a drain electrode of the first NMOS tube is used as a first end of the first controllable switch, and a source electrode of the first NMOS tube is used as a second end of the first controllable switch;
the grid electrode of the second NMOS tube is used as the control end of the second controllable switch, the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube is used as the first end of the second controllable switch, and the source electrode of the second NMOS tube is used as the second end of the second controllable switch.
Preferably, N is 4.
Preferably, the width-to-length ratio of the PMOS transistor is 200.
Preferably, the capacitance values of the positive boost capacitors Cu α and the capacitance values of the negative boost capacitors Cu β are both 200 pF.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention further provides an energy acquisition system comprising the DC/DC converter as described in any one of the above items.
The invention provides a DC/DC converter, which is applied to an energy acquisition system, wherein the energy acquisition system comprises a power supply module and a rectifier, the DC/DC converter comprises an oscillator module and a charge pump module, the oscillator module comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor, a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch, and the DC/DC converter comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor, a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch, wherein: the first end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the second inductor, the common end of the first inductor is connected with the output end of the rectifier, the second end of the first inductor is respectively connected with the first end of the first capacitor, the first end of the first controllable switch and the control end of the second controllable switch, the second end of the second inductor is respectively connected with the second end of the first capacitor, the first end of the second controllable switch and the control end of the first controllable switch, the common end of the second inductor is respectively connected with the first input end of the charge pump module and the second input end of the charge pump module, the second end of the first controllable switch is connected with the first end of the third inductor, the second end of the third inductor is connected with the ground, the second end of the second controllable switch is connected with the first end of the fourth inductor, the second end of the fourth inductor is connected with the ground, and the output end of the charge pump module is connected with the power supply end of the load; the charge pump module outputs a supply voltage for the load to normally operate through a clock signal provided by the oscillator module.
Therefore, in practical application, the charge pump module in the DC/DC converter provided by the invention can output a supply voltage enabling a load to normally work through a clock signal provided by the oscillator module, and the oscillator module provided by the invention has a time-varying response characteristic, wherein the oscillator module comprises a feedback structure, so that the output voltage swing of the oscillator module can be higher than a power supply level and lower than a ground level, the oscillation starting voltage is lower, the circuit size is relatively smaller, the integration is easy, and the cost of energy acquisition is saved to a certain extent.
The present invention also provides an energy harvesting system having the same advantageous effects as the above-described DC/DC converter.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a DC/DC converter provided in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a DC/DC converter according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-stage charge pump according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a threshold voltage trend chart of a PMOS transistor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a DC/DC converter which is applied to an energy acquisition system, is easy to integrate and saves the cost of energy acquisition to a certain extent; another core of the present invention is to provide an energy harvesting system.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a DC/DC converter applied to an energy acquisition system, where the energy acquisition system includes a power module and a rectifier, the DC/DC converter includes an oscillator module 1 and a charge pump module 2, the oscillator module 1 includes a first inductor L1Second inductance L2Third inductance L3Fourth inductance L4First capacitor C1First controllable switch VT1Second controllable switch VT2Wherein:
first inductance L1First terminal and second inductance L2A common terminal of the first inductor L is connected with an output terminal of the rectifier1Respectively with the first capacitor C1First terminal, first controllable switch VT1First terminal and second controllable switch VT2Is connected to the second inductor L2Respectively with the first capacitor C1Second terminal, second controllable switch VT2First terminal and first controllable switch VT1Is connected with the first input end of the charge pump module 2 and the second input end of the charge pump module 2, and the common end of the first controllable switch VT is respectively connected with the first input end of the charge pump module 2 and the second input end of the charge pump module 21Second terminal and third inductance L3Is connected to a third inductance L3Is connected to ground, a second controllable switch VT2Second terminal and fourth inductor L4Is connected to a fourth inductor L4The second end of the charge pump module 2 is connected with the ground, and the output end of the charge pump module 2 is connected with the power supply end of the load;
the charge pump module 2 outputs a supply voltage for the load to operate normally through the clock signal provided by the oscillator module 1.
Specifically, according to the scheme, the oscillator module 1 provides a self-starting two-phase sinusoidal clock signal to the charge pump module 2 so as to control the charge pump module 2 to output a supply voltage which can enable the load to work normally. The oscillator module 1 provided by the invention has a time-varying corresponding characteristic in structure, a noise-phase noise transfer function of the oscillator module 1 is determined by a time-varying response characteristic, in addition, the structure of the oscillator module 1 is a feedback structure, little noise in an active device can be converted into phase noise, the phase noise condition can be better improved, the output voltage swing of the oscillator module 1 can be higher than a power supply level and lower than a ground level, the oscillation starting voltage is lower, when the input voltage of the oscillator module 1 is dozens of millivolts, the oscillator module 1 can oscillate, and the DC/DC converter provided by the invention can be further ensured to be started under the condition of low input voltage. For example, assuming that the input voltage of the oscillator module 1 is 90mV and the signal frequency is 50Hz, the output voltage swing is 350 mV.
The invention provides a DC/DC converter, which is applied to an energy acquisition system, wherein the energy acquisition system comprises a power supply module and a rectifier, the DC/DC converter comprises an oscillator module and a charge pump module, the oscillator module comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor, a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch, and the DC/DC converter comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor, a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch, wherein: the first end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the second inductor, the common end of the first inductor is connected with the output end of the rectifier, the second end of the first inductor is respectively connected with the first end of the first capacitor, the first end of the first controllable switch and the control end of the second controllable switch, the second end of the second inductor is respectively connected with the second end of the first capacitor, the first end of the second controllable switch and the control end of the first controllable switch, the common end of the second inductor is respectively connected with the first input end of the charge pump module and the second input end of the charge pump module, the second end of the first controllable switch is connected with the first end of the third inductor, the second end of the third inductor is connected with the ground, the second end of the second controllable switch is connected with the first end of the fourth inductor, the second end of the fourth inductor is connected with the ground, and the output end of the charge pump module is connected with the power supply end of the load; the charge pump module outputs a supply voltage for the load to normally operate through a clock signal provided by the oscillator module.
Therefore, in practical application, the charge pump module in the DC/DC converter provided by the invention can output a supply voltage enabling a load to normally work through a clock signal provided by the oscillator module, and the oscillator module provided by the invention has a time-varying response characteristic, wherein the oscillator module comprises a feedback structure, so that the output voltage swing of the oscillator module can be higher than a power supply level and lower than a ground level, the oscillation starting voltage is lower, the circuit size is relatively smaller, the integration is easy, and the cost of energy acquisition is saved to a certain extent.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a DC/DC converter according to the present invention, the DC/DC converter is based on the above embodiments:
as a preferred embodiment, the charge pump module 2 comprises a first positive controllable switch + VT1First negative controllable switch-VT1First positive capacitance + C1First negative capacitance-C1The first positive module that steps up, the second positive module that steps up is up to the nth positive module that steps up, the first negative module that steps up, the second negative module that steps up is up to the nth negative module that steps up, wherein:
first positive controllable switch + VT1The first end of the first positive voltage boosting module is respectively connected with the first end of the first positive voltage boosting module, the first end of the second positive voltage boosting module till the first end of the Nth positive voltage boosting module, the common end of the first positive voltage boosting module is used as the first input end of the charge pump module 2, and the first positive controllable switch + VT1Respectively with a first positive capacitance + C1The first end of the first positive boosting module and the second end of the first positive boosting module are connected, the second end of the first positive capacitor + C1 is respectively connected with the third end of the first positive boosting module, the third end of the second positive boosting module, the third end of the nth positive boosting module and the ground, the fourth end of the ith positive boosting module is connected with the second end of the (i + 1) th positive boosting module, and the fourth end of the nth positive boosting module is used as the output end of the charge pump module 2, wherein i is 1,2, … and N-1;
first negative controllable switch-VT1The second end of the first negative voltage boosting module is respectively connected with the first end of the first negative voltage boosting module, the first end of the second negative voltage boosting module till the first end of the Nth negative voltage boosting module, the common end of the first negative voltage boosting module is used as the second input end of the charge pump module 2, and the first negative controllable switch-VT1Respectively with a first negative capacitance-C1Is connected with the second end of the first negative boost module, a first negative capacitor-C1Respectively with the third end of the first negative boost moduleThe third end of the second negative boosting module is connected to the ground until the third end of the Nth negative boosting module, the fourth end of the jth negative boosting module is connected with the second end of the jth +1 negative boosting module, and the fourth end of the Nth negative boosting module is used as the output end of the charge pump module 2, wherein j is 1,2 and N-1.
Specifically, in order to maximize the output voltage of the DC/DC converter, it can be realized by increasing the number of stages of the charge pump module 2, and in the DC/DC converter provided by the present invention, both the positive output voltage and the negative output voltage can be extracted from the charge pump module 2, so that the available output voltage is doubled.
Specifically, in the structure of the charge pump module 2 provided by the present invention, each time a positive boost module and a negative boost module are added, it can be understood that the charge pump module 2 is added by one stage, and the present invention does not limit the stage number of the charge pump module 2, so the present invention does not limit the number of the boost modules in the charge pump module 2.
As a preferred embodiment, the α th positive boost module includes a positive boost capacitor + CuαSecond positive controllable switch + VT2αThird positive controllable switch + VT3αPositive output capacitance + COαThe β th negative boost module comprises a negative boost capacitor-CuβSecond negative controllable switch-VT2βThird negative controllable switch-VT3βNegative output capacitance-COβα ═ 1,2, …, N, β ═ 1,2, …, N, where:
positive boost capacitance + CuαAs the first terminal of the α th positive boost module, positive boost capacitance + CuαRespectively with a second positive controllable switch + VT2αAnd the third positive controllable switch + VT3αIs connected to the first terminal of the second positive controllable switch + VT2αAs the second terminal of the α th positive boost module, a third positive controllable switch + VT3αSecond terminal of and positive output capacitance + COαHas a common terminal as the fourth terminal of the α positive boost module, a positive output capacitor + COαAs a third terminal of the α positive boost module;
negative boost capacitor-CuβAs the first terminal of the β th negative boost module, negative boost capacitor-CuβRespectively with a second negative controllable switch-VT2βFirst terminal and third negative controllable switch-VT3βIs connected to the second terminal of the second negative controllable switch-VT2βAs a second terminal of a β th negative boost module, a third negative controllable switch-VT3βFirst terminal of and negative output capacitor-COβHas a common terminal as the fourth terminal of the β th negative boost module, and a negative output capacitor-COβAs a third terminal of the β negative boost module.
Specifically, the single-stage charge pump structure is shown in fig. 3, and the operating principle thereof can also be said to represent the operating principle of the positive/negative boost module, and the specific operating process is as follows: at an input voltage VinPositive half period of (1), output capacitance COIs charged and output capacitor COSecond controllable switch VT connected in series12Guarantee output capacitance COThe charging process of (1), preventing the current from flowing in the reverse direction; when the input voltage VinWhen falling to the zero crossing point, Vx＝Vi-1-VthWhen V isinWhen the negative maximum value is reached, the capacitor C is boostedUAction of VxWill increase 2V more than beforeinI.e. Vx＝2×Vin+Vn-1-VthThus the output capacitance COVia a third controllable switch VT13Will be charged to Vx-VthOutput capacitance COThe voltage across will reach Vi＝Vi-1+2Vin-2VthIn the same way, the more the number of stages of the charge pump module 2 is increased, the larger the output voltage of the charge pump module 2 is, and it is ensured that the DC/DC converter can output the supply voltage for the normal operation of the load.
As a preferred embodiment, the second positive controllable switch + VT2αThird positive controllable switch + VT3αSecond negative controllable switch-VT2βAnd a third negative controllable switch-VT3βAre all PMOS tubes, wherein:
the drain electrode of the PMOS tube is used as a second positive controllable switch + VT2αFirst terminal of (1), third positive controllable switch + VT3αFirst terminal of (2), second negative controllable switch-VT2βAnd the third negative controllable switch-VT3βThe grid electrode of the PMOS tube is connected with the substrate, and the common end of the PMOS tube is used as a second positive controllable switch + VT2αSecond terminal of (1), third positive controllable switch + VT3αSecond terminal of (2), second negative controllable switch-VT2βAnd a third negative controllable switch-VT3βThe second end of (a).
Specifically, the grid electrode and the substrate of the PMOS tube are connected together by a relational expression
It is known that, among them, VTHThe threshold voltage of the PMOS tube is dynamically changed by the connection mode, wherein gamma is the body effect coefficient of the starting voltage of the PMOS tube. Referring to fig. 4, when the input voltage of the structure is in the forward direction, the threshold voltage is lowered, that is, the on-voltage of the charge pump module 2 is lowered, and when the input voltage is in the reverse direction, the threshold voltage is raised, the reverse leakage of the charge pump module 2 is reduced, so that the efficiency of the charge pump module 2 can be improved.
It can be understood that the input voltage of the charge pump module 2 is less affected by the power supply voltage, and the structure of the PMOS transistor is more suitable for the case of low input voltage.
As a preferred embodiment, the first controllable switch is a first NMOS transistor, and the second controllable switch is a second NMOS transistor, wherein:
the grid electrode of the first NMOS tube is used as the control end of the first controllable switch, the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube is used as the first end of the first controllable switch, and the source electrode of the first NMOS tube is used as the second end of the first controllable switch;
the grid electrode of the second NMOS tube is used as the control end of the second controllable switch, the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube is used as the first end of the second controllable switch, and the source electrode of the second NMOS tube is used as the second end of the second controllable switch.
Specifically, the NMOS tube is an N-channel MOS tube, the process is simple, the price is low, the area is small, and the chip area is further ensured not to be increased.
Of course, the controllable switch may be other transistors besides the NMOS transistor, and the invention is not limited herein.
As a preferred embodiment, N is 4.
Specifically, although the number of stages of the charge pump module 2 may be increased in order to maximize the output voltage of the DC/DC converter, that is, the number of the positive boost modules and the negative boost modules is increased, increasing the number of stages of the charge pump may cause the power and the conversion efficiency of the entire DC/DC converter to be reduced, and may also increase the size of the DC/DC converter.
Of course, the present invention is not limited herein, and may be implemented in other stages besides four stages of charge pump modules, which are determined by actual circuit requirements.
In a preferred embodiment, the width-to-length ratio of the PMOS transistor is 200.
Specifically, considering the size problem of the size of the DC/DC converter and ensuring the maximum power efficiency that the PMOS transistor can obtain, the size of the PMOS transistor should be a compromise between low parasitic, low threshold voltage and low channel resistivity, and therefore, the PMOS transistor adopted in the present invention is a PMOS transistor with a width-to-length ratio of 200.
Of course, besides the width-length ratio of 200, other sizes of PMOS transistors may be used, and the invention is not limited herein.
As a preferred embodiment, a positive boost capacitor + CuαThe values of (A) are all 200 pF; negative boost capacitor-CuβAll values of (2) are 200 pF.
Specifically, considering the size problem of the size of the DC/DC converter, the capacitance values of the positive boost capacitor and the negative boost capacitor are compromised between the chip area and the single-stage maximum output voltage, and through multiple tests, the capacitor with the capacitance value of 200pF is adopted as the positive boost capacitor + CuαAnd a negative boost capacitor-CuβThe capacitance value of (2).
Of course, the positive boost capacitance + CuαAnd a negative boost capacitor-CuβThe capacitance value of (c) may be other values than 200pF, which is not limited herein.
The invention also provides an energy harvesting system comprising a DC/DC converter as defined in any of the above.
For an introduction of the energy acquisition system provided by the present invention, please refer to the above embodiments, and the present invention is not repeated herein.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A DC/DC converter for use in an energy harvesting system, the energy harvesting system comprising a power supply module and a rectifier, the DC/DC converter comprising an oscillator module and a charge pump module, the oscillator module comprising a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor, a first controllable switch, a second controllable switch, wherein:
a first end of the first inductor is connected with a first end of the second inductor, a common end of the first inductor is connected with an output end of the rectifier, a second end of the first inductor is respectively connected with a first end of the first capacitor, a first end of the first controllable switch and a control end of the second controllable switch, a second end of the second inductor is respectively connected with a second end of the first capacitor, a first end of the second controllable switch and a control end of the first controllable switch, a common end of the second inductor is respectively connected with a first input end of the charge pump module and a second input end of the charge pump module, a second end of the first controllable switch is connected with a first end of the third inductor, a second end of the third inductor is connected with ground, a second end of the second controllable switch is connected with a first end of the fourth inductor, and a second end of the fourth inductor is connected with ground, the output end of the charge pump module is connected with the power supply end of the load;
the charge pump module outputs a supply voltage for enabling the load to work normally through a clock signal provided by the oscillator module.
2. The DC/DC converter of claim 1, wherein the charge pump module comprises a first positive controllable switch, a first negative controllable switch, a first positive capacitor, a first negative capacitor, a first positive boost module, a second positive boost module up to an nth positive boost module, a first negative boost module, a second negative boost module up to an nth negative boost module, wherein:
the first end of the first positive controllable switch is respectively connected with the first end of the first positive boosting module, the first end of the second positive boosting module and the first end of the Nth positive boosting module, the common end of the first positive controllable switch is used as the first input end of the charge pump module, the second end of the first positive controllable switch is respectively connected with the first end of the first positive capacitor and the second end of the first positive boosting module, the second end of the first positive capacitor is respectively connected with the third end of the first positive boosting module, the third end of the second positive boosting module, the third end of the Nth positive boosting module and the ground, the fourth end of the ith positive boosting module is connected with the second end of the (i + 1) th positive boosting module, a fourth terminal of the nth positive boosting module is used as an output terminal of the charge pump module, wherein i is 1,2, …, N-1;
the second end of the first negative controllable switch is respectively connected with the first end of the first negative boosting module, the first end of the second negative boosting module and the first end of the Nth negative boosting module, the common end of the first negative controllable switch is used as the second input end of the charge pump module, the first end of the first negative controllable switch is respectively connected with the first end of the first negative capacitor and the second end of the first negative boosting module, the second end of the first negative capacitor is respectively connected with the third end of the first negative boosting module, the third end of the second negative boosting module, the third end of the Nth negative boosting module and the ground, the fourth end of the jth negative boosting module is connected with the second end of the jth +1 negative boosting module, and the fourth end of the Nth negative boosting module is used as the output end of the charge pump module, wherein j is 1,2, …, and N-1.
3. The DC/DC converter of claim 2, wherein the α th positive boost module comprises a positive boost capacitor CuαSecond positive controllable switch VT2αThird positive controllable switch VT3αPositive output capacitance COαThe β th negative boost module comprises a negative boost capacitor CuβSecond negative controllable switch VT2βThird negative controllable switch VT3βNegative output capacitance COβα ═ 1,2, …, N, β ═ 1,2, …, N, where:
the positive boost capacitor CuαAs a first terminal of said α th positive boost module, said positive boost capacitor CuαAnd a second terminal of (2) and said second positive controllable switch VT, respectively2αAnd said third positive controllable switch VT3αIs connected to the first terminal of the second positive controllable switch VT2αAs a second terminal of said α th positive boost module, said third positive controllable switch VT3αAnd the positive output capacitor COαA common terminal of the first voltage boosting module is used as a fourth terminal of the α positive voltage boosting module, and the positive output capacitor COαAs a third terminal of said α positive boost module;
the negative boost capacitor CuβAs a first terminal of said β th negative boost module, said negative boost capacitor CuβSecond ends of (1) andthe second negative controllable switch VT2βAnd the third negative controllable switch VT3βIs connected to the second terminal of the second negative controllable switch VT2βAs a second terminal of the β negative boost module, the third negative controllable switch VT3βAnd the negative output capacitor COβA common terminal of the first capacitor is used as a fourth terminal of the β negative boost module, and the negative output capacitor COβAs a third terminal of said β negative boost module.
4. DC/DC converter according to claim 3, characterized in that the second positive controllable switch VT2αSaid third positive controllable switch VT3αSaid second negative controllable switch VT2βAnd said third negative controllable switch VT3βAre all PMOS tubes, wherein:
the drain electrode of the PMOS tube is used as the second positive controllable switch VT2αThe third positive controllable switch VT3αThe second negative controllable switch VT2βAnd said third negative controllable switch VT3βThe grid electrode of the PMOS tube is connected with the substrate, and the common end of the PMOS tube is used as the second positive controllable switch VT2αThe third positive controllable switch VT3αThe second negative controllable switch VT2βAnd said third negative controllable switch VT3βThe second end of (a).
5. The DC/DC converter of claim 3, wherein the first controllable switch is a first NMOS transistor and the second controllable switch is a second NMOS transistor, wherein:
a grid electrode of the first NMOS tube is used as a control end of the first controllable switch, a drain electrode of the first NMOS tube is used as a first end of the first controllable switch, and a source electrode of the first NMOS tube is used as a second end of the first controllable switch;
the grid electrode of the second NMOS tube is used as the control end of the second controllable switch, the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube is used as the first end of the second controllable switch, and the source electrode of the second NMOS tube is used as the second end of the second controllable switch.
6. DC/DC converter according to any of claims 2-5, characterized in that N is 4.
7. The DC/DC converter according to claim 4, wherein the width-to-length ratio of the PMOS tube is 200.
8. The DC/DC converter according to claim 7, wherein the capacitance values of the positive boost capacitors Cu α and Cu β are both 200 pF.
9. An energy harvesting system comprising a DC/DC converter according to any of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN104137405A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2014-11-05 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Step-up circuit |
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| CN101098104A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2008-01-02 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Device for optimizing charge pump of integrated circuit and method therefor |
| CN101119065A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-02-06 | 钰创科技股份有限公司 | Charge pump control system |
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