CN107564461B - Scanning card, LED display screen control system and image data processing method - Google Patents
Scanning card, LED display screen control system and image data processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a scanning card, an LED display screen control system adopting the scanning card and an image data processing method. Aiming at the problem of low Bit gray scale loss in the prior art, the invention provides a method for applying a rotational dithering matrix processing algorithm to the realization of the scanning card function, and particularly adds a Bit optimization module on the scanning card, and processes video image data of different frames by adopting different rotational dithering matrixes, so that the information of an original video image can be still more completely expressed while the high-Bit-width data is converted into the low-Bit-width data, the influence of the low Bit of a driving chip on gray scale expression is reduced, and the gray scale transition is smoother.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of video image processing, in particular to a scanning card, an LED display screen control system and an image data processing method.
Background
At present, when the brightness of an LED display screen is reduced, a control system usually causes low-Bit gray scale loss, so that the displayed color tone is discontinuous.
Due to the linear response characteristic of the LED, the current LED display screen control needs to perform inverse Gamma (Gamma) correction on the input n-bit gray data, map the n-bit gray data to m-bit gray data, and then perform gray scale implementation (m > n). Let x be the input gray scale data and have a range of 0 to (2)n-1), y is inverse gamma corrected gray scale data, and the range is 0 to (2)m-1), γ is a Gamma value, and the mapping relationship is as follows:
when the brightness of the LED display screen needs to be reduced, the prior art directly multiplies the y value after the gamma correction by the brightness percentage, for example, the brightness needs to be reduced to 50%, and then multiplies the y value by 0.5. The result thus obtained has a distinct feature that the data of the low-Bit gradation after correction represents the high-Bit information of the part before correction. Because the low Bit of the driving chip is difficult to realize at present, the low-brightness display effect of the display screen is poor by directly discarding the low Bit gray scale at present.
Referring to fig. 1, an existing LED display screen control system mainly includes a transmitting card, a scanning card, and LED lamp panels, where the LED lamp panels are jointly spliced to form an LED display screen. The most key in the LED display screen control system is the scanning card (or called interface)Card collection), and the scanning card mainly realizes three basic functions of unpacking and correcting video image data and outputting the time sequence of the driving chip of the LED lamp panel, and the functional block diagram is shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 only shows the transfer and conversion of pixel data and assumes that the original data source is 8-bit (i.e., 2)3-bit). Specifically, in fig. 2, the function implementation of the scan card mainly includes four parts: the device comprises a data receiving module, a storage control module, a data conversion module and a display driving module. The data source of the scanner card is various data such as an image data packet, a command packet, and a parameter packet transmitted from the transmission card. The data receiving module analyzes the data packets and stores the image effective data to SDRAM through the storage control module for processing by other modules; the data conversion module reads data from the SDRAM through the storage control module according to the routing table and corrects the data as required, and the correction result is subjected to Bit separation according to the requirement of the display driving module and stored in the SDRAM through the storage control module; the display driving module generates a control time sequence for the LED lamp panel driving chip, reads data from the SDRAM through the storage control module according to the control time sequence, and sends the data to the LED lamp panel through a flat cable.
If the original video image source is 8-bit (as shown in FIG. 2), the data becomes 16-bit (i.e. 2-bit) after various corrections such as inverse Gamma correction, brightness correction, etc4-bit), which corresponds to bit information diversification. Because the low Bit grey scale of LED lamp plate driver chip realizes the difficulty, directly abandoning it can lead to the fact the discontinuous display effect of grey scale transition certainly.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a method for combining a rotary dithering matrix algorithm with a function realization framework of a scanning card, and utilizes the inertia characteristics of human eyes to enable the observed local average gray level of an image to be similar to the local average gray level of an original image, thereby achieving the effect of integral tone continuity and having wider application field.
Specifically, an embodiment of the present invention provides a scan card, including: the display device comprises a data receiving module, a storage control module, a data conversion module and a display driving module, wherein the data receiving module is used for receiving input image data and storing the input image data into a memory through the storage control module, the data conversion module is used for acquiring the image data from the memory through the storage control module so as to sequentially carry out correction and Bit separation, then storing the image data after the Bit separation into the memory through the storage control module, and the display driving module is used for generating a control time sequence and reading the image data after the Bit separation from the memory through the storage control module according to the control time sequence so as to output the image data. Furthermore, the data conversion module includes: a Bit optimization module for reducing a Bit width of the image data after the correcting and before the Bit separating by using a periodic rotational dither matrix.
In one embodiment of the invention, the data conversion module comprises a Gamma correction module and a Bit separation module; the correction comprises inverse Gamma correction performed by the Gamma correction module, and the Bit separation module is used for performing the Bit separation.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the data conversion module further comprises a luminance correction module; the correction further includes a luminance correction performed by the luminance correction module after performing the inverse Gamma correction.
In one embodiment of the invention, said correcting comprises for a bit width of 2 obtained from said memory via said memory control modulen-inverse Gamma correction of the image data of bits to map to bit widths of 2m-image data of bits, where n<m; the Bit optimization module is specifically configured to reduce a Bit width of the image data after the correcting and before the Bit separating to (2) using a k × k dimensional periodic rotational dither matrixm-k) -bit, and k.gtoreq.2.
In one embodiment of the invention, the Bit optimization module is specifically configured to reduce the Bit width of the image data after the correction and before the Bit separation by k-Bit using a periodic rotational dither matrix of dimension k × k, where k ≧ 2.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the scan card includes a programmable logic device, the memory is electrically connected to the programmable logic device, and the data receiving module, the storage control module, the data conversion module and the display driving module are integrated in the programmable logic device.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides an LED display screen control system, including: the system comprises a sending card, any one of the scanning cards and an LED lamp panel; the scanning card is electrically connected with the sending card and the LED lamp panel.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides an image data processing method which is suitable for being executed in an LED display screen control system comprising a scanning card and an LED display screen. The image data processing method includes the steps of: (a) receiving input image data; (b) correcting the image data to obtain corrected image data; (c) reducing the Bit width of the corrected image data by k-Bit by using a k multiplied by k dimensional periodic rotary jitter matrix to obtain Bit optimized image data, wherein k is more than or equal to 2; (d) performing Bit separation on the image data after the Bit optimization to obtain image data after the Bit separation; (e) and generating a control time sequence and outputting the image data after the Bit separation according to the control time sequence so as to drive the LED display screen.
In one embodiment of the present invention, step (c) comprises: and determining the position coordinate corresponding to the LED display screen and the corresponding rotary jitter matrix of each pixel value in each frame of image data according to the field synchronization signal, the initial pixel point coordinate of the scanning card and the image data size carried by the scanning card.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the correcting in step (b) includes inverse Gamma correction and luminance correction performed sequentially.
As can be seen from the above, the embodiment of the present invention provides a rotational dither matrix processing algorithm applied to the implementation of the scan card function, in order to solve the problem of low Bit gray scale loss in the prior art; by processing the video image data of different frames by adopting different rotary jitter matrixes, the conversion from high-Bit-width data to low-Bit-width data is realized, meanwhile, the information of the original video image can still be expressed more completely, the influence of the low Bit of the driving chip on gray level expression is reduced, and the gray level transition is smoother.
Other aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are designed solely for purposes of illustration and not as a definition of the limits of the invention. It should be further understood that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale and that, unless otherwise indicated, they are merely intended to conceptually illustrate the structures and procedures described herein.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an LED display screen control system in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a scan card in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of a scan card according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Aiming at the problem of low Bit information loss in a function implementation principle framework of a scanning card in the prior art, the following embodiments of the invention are improved by combining a rotary dithering matrix algorithm, and the pixel gray scale effect at the adjacent position is kept unchanged by processing a plurality of adjacent video image frames by adopting different rotary dithering matrices, so that the effect of continuous integral tone is achieved.
To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a rotational dither matrix algorithm used in the embodiments of the present invention is first described as follows:
the digital halftone technique is a technique for realizing optimal reproduction of an image on a binary (or multi-color binary) color generation device by using tools such as mathematics, computers and the like based on human visual characteristics and image color generation characteristics. The human eye views spatially close parts of an image as a whole when viewed at a distance. With this characteristic, the local average gradation of the halftone image observed by the human eye is similar to the local average gradation of the original image, thereby forming the effect of continuous tone as a whole.
At present, the widely applied digital halftone technology is a rotational dither matrix algorithm, and the principle is that high-order display information is calculated and distributed to an adjacent space through a rotational dither matrix, so that the image quality is obviously improved, and the gray level number of the display is improved.
Taking a 2 × 2 rotation dithering matrix as an example, the specific implementation steps of the algorithm are as follows:
(1) acquiring a rotary jitter matrix: the rotation jitter matrix is formed by rotating a basic jitter matrix according to the anticlockwise or clockwise direction, and the basic jitter matrix is obtained by matrix operation of a Limb matrix.
A lamb matrix:
according to the formula
Solving a basic dither matrix of (n +1) × (n +1) dimension, where UnRepresenting an all-one matrix of n x n, e.g.
And thirdly, rotating the basic jitter matrix clockwise or anticlockwise to obtain a periodic rotation jitter matrix. Taking a 2 × 2 basic dither matrix as an example, if the basic dither matrix is rotated counterclockwise, 2 × 2 rotated dither matrices can be obtained:
(2) current video framecurrentThe treatment of (1): assuming that the original video is an 8-bit (i.e., 256-level) data source, and the video is now represented by a 6-bit (i.e., 64-level) data bit width, the specific implementation of the algorithm includes the following steps:
firstly, each pixel value is converted from 8-bit to 6-bit, namely, the gray scale reduction treatment is carried out, and the converted pixel value comprises two parts: an integer part (Int) and a fractional part (Dec); for example, if the Value of the pixel Value 122 after being converted into 64 levels is Value, the Value is 64 × 122/256, 30.5 Int + Dec.
② the currently processed video framecurrentIs compared to the corresponding rotational jitter matrix.
(i) Determining a currently processed video framecurrentCorresponding rotational dither matrix: i-rem (current-1,4) +1, where rem () is a remainder function, current is the sequence number of the currently processed video frame (e.g. current-1 corresponding to the first video frame), and i represents the frame of the currently processed video framecurrentThe corresponding sequence number of the rotational jitter matrix.
(ii) Calculating a currently processed video framecurrentThe comparison result for each pixel position: assuming that current is equal to 5, the corresponding rotational dither matrix is Mat1(ii) a Sequentially intercepting the 2 multiplied by 2 pixel values after gray level reduction processing from the upper left corner of the video frame, and leading the decimal part of the pixel values to be matched with a rotary jitter matrix Mat1For comparison, the selection was performed according to the rounding rule. I.e. if the fractional part is greater than Mat1The value of the corresponding position in (1), then the framecurrentAnd adding 1 to the integer part corresponding to the pixel position, otherwise not adding (namely, the integer part is not changed), wherein the value range of the serial number i of the rotary jitter matrix is 1-4.
In view of the above, a functional implementation block diagram of the improved scan card is shown in fig. 3. It should be noted that fig. 3 only shows the transfer and conversion of pixel data, assuming that the source data is 8-bit and 2-bit optimized. In the present embodiment, the data receiving module 31, the storage control module 33, the data converting module 35, and the display driving module 37 in fig. 3 are implemented by software modules running on a Programmable logic device such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) of the scan card 30, for example, or the data receiving module 31, the storage control module 33, the data converting module 35, and the display driving module 37 are all integrated into a Programmable logic device externally connected with a memory such as an SDRAM.
Specifically, the Bit optimization module 356 added in fig. 3 is a function of converting large-Bit-width (e.g., 16-Bit) data into small-Bit-width (e.g., 14-Bit) data by using a rotational dithering algorithm. Since the Gamma correction module 350 is used to perform inverse Gamma correction on the pixel data, which is a non-linear correction, and the luminance correction module 352 and other correction modules 354 (such as chrominance correction module, etc., although there may be no other correction module) make the information of high Bit of data more shifted to low Bit, while the Bit separation module 358 has lost the position information of the original image data; a Bit optimization module 356 is disposed between each of the correction modules (including Gamma correction module 350, luminance correction module 352, and other correction modules 354) and a Bit separation module 358.
For each scanning card 30, three key pieces of information are available from the front-end sending card: the field sync signal, the start pixel coordinates (StartX, StartY) of the scan card, and the image data size (TotalX, TotalY) carried by the scan card. According to the three parameters, the frame number of the video data to be processed at present and the specific position of each pixel on the whole LED display screen can be obtained, so that the corresponding rotary jitter matrix value is determined, and the conversion from the large-bit-width data to the small-bit-width data is finally realized through comparison. Assuming that (StartX, StartY) ═ 0,128, (TotalX, TotalY) ═ 128, and the data storage format of the SDRAM on the scan card stores Col ═ 256 pixel data for each row, the calculation steps are as follows:
and (I) calculating the specific position of the whole LED display screen corresponding to the received pixel value. In the data conversion module 35, row and column coordinates (RowAddr, ColAddr) of the original video image data in the SDRAM can be obtained according to the routing table. Since the raw image data are stored in sequence, the specific position coordinates (i, j) corresponding to the raw image data on the LED display screen can be obtained through calculation. Similarly, the frame count frame can be obtained by the field sync signalcnt. Assuming that RowAddr is 0, ColAddr is 200, and framecnt is 5, the pixel value corresponds to the specific position coordinates (i, j) of the LED display screen and the corresponding rotational dither matrix MatmSequence number m in (1) is:
(i,j)＝(StartX+fix((RowAddr×Col+ColAddr)/TotalY),StartY+rem(RowAddr×Col+ColAddr,TotalY))
＝(0+fix((0×256+200)/128),128+rem(0×256+200,128))
＝(1,200)
m＝rem(framecnt-1,4)+1＝rem(5-1,4)+1＝1
where fix () is a rounding function.
(II) according to the algorithm, the current processed pixel and the determined rotation jitter matrix MatmA comparison is made. Specifically, taking a 2 × 2 rotational dither matrix as an example, if the specific position coordinates (i, j) of a pixel satisfy the condition that rem (i,2) is 0 and rem (j,2) is 0, it is matched with the rotational dither matrix Mat1Data comparison of the middle (0,0) position; if rem (i,2) is 0 and rem (j,2) is 1, it is equal to Mat1Data comparison of the middle (0,1) position; if rem (i,2) is 1 and rem (j,2) is 0, it is matched with Mat1Data comparison of the (1,0) position; if rem (i,2) is 1 and rem (j,2) is 1, it is matched with Mat1And (3) comparing the data of the (1,1) position.
And thirdly, the processed pixel data is sent to a Bit separation module 358 for Bit separation processing.
Since the data received by the data receiving module 31 is a data stream, Bit optimization can be completed by repeating the above three steps.
Since the basic dither matrix is 2 × 2-dimensional, there are 4 rotated dither matrices, and thus fractional parts of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 are generated. If the fractional part to be implemented is 0.5, the result compared with the four rotational dither matrices is: the integer part of the first two frames of data is added with 1, while the integer part of the last two frames of data is not added with 1. The results of the four frame data comparisons are added and averaged to have a fractional part exactly equal to 0.5. That is, the method is to spread the fractional part (low Bit information) onto the integer part (high Bit information) of the pixel at the corresponding position of the adjacent data frame. According to the inertia characteristics of human eyes, the observed local average gray scale of the image is similar to the local average gray scale of the original image, and the effect of continuous integral tone is achieved. Meanwhile, since the information of the low Bit gradation has been converted to the high Bit, the problem that the low Bit gradation is difficult to implement is solved.
Furthermore, observing the 2 × 2 dimensional rotational dither matrix can find that the addition of 4 matrices is exactly the full 1 matrix. This means that the gray scale of the pixels after final superimposition is kept unchanged by processing the video image data of four consecutive frames. If the rotational jitter matrix is k × k (where k >2), the original data information can still be represented more completely on the basis of the data bit width with less k-bit than the original data bit width by performing periodic processing (that is, the period is k) on the continuous video image frame data, that is, k-bit optimization is realized, and the realization method is similar to 2-bit optimization, and thus, the description is omitted here.
In summary, the foregoing embodiments of the present invention provide a rotational dither matrix processing algorithm applied to the implementation of the function of the scan card, aiming at the problem of low Bit grayscale loss in the prior art; by processing the video image data of different frames by adopting different rotary jitter matrixes, the conversion from high-Bit-width data to low-Bit-width data is realized, meanwhile, the information of the original video image can still be expressed more completely, the influence of the low Bit of the driving chip on gray level expression is reduced, and the gray level transition is smoother.
It is further worth mentioning that the scanning card of the foregoing embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the LED display screen control system shown in fig. 1 to obtain an improved LED display screen control system.
Finally, it is worth mentioning that according to the foregoing description of the embodiment, an image data processing method may be further summarized, which is suitable for being implemented in an LED display screen control system including a scan card and an LED display screen (formed by splicing one or more LED lamp panels). The image data processing method includes, for example, the steps of: receiving input image data; correcting the image data to obtain corrected image data; reducing the Bit width of the corrected image data by k-Bit by using a k multiplied by k dimensional periodic rotary jitter matrix to obtain Bit optimized image data, wherein k is more than or equal to 2; performing Bit separation on the image data after the Bit optimization to obtain image data after the Bit separation; and generating a control time sequence and outputting the image data after the Bit separation according to the control time sequence so as to drive the LED display screen.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A scan card, comprising: the display device comprises a data receiving module, a storage control module, a data conversion module and a display driving module, wherein the data receiving module is used for receiving input image data and storing the input image data into a memory through the storage control module, the data conversion module is used for acquiring the image data from the memory through the storage control module so as to sequentially carry out correction and Bit separation, and then storing the image data after the Bit separation into the memory through the storage control module, and the display driving module is used for generating a control time sequence and reading the image data after the Bit separation from the memory through the storage control module according to the control time sequence so as to output the image data; wherein the data conversion module comprises: a Bit optimization module for reducing a Bit width of the image data after the correcting and before the Bit separating by using a periodic rotational dither matrix, the method comprising:
acquiring a video data frame number according to a field synchronization signal, the coordinates of an initial pixel point of the scanning card and the size of image data carried by the scanning card;
acquiring the row and column coordinates of the image data in an SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory), and acquiring the position coordinates of each pixel in the image data corresponding to an LED display screen according to the initial pixel point coordinates of the scanning card, the image data size carried by the scanning card, the pixel data stored in each row of the SDRAM on the scanning card and the row and column coordinates of the image data in the SDRAM, wherein the position coordinates meet the following requirements: (i, j) — (StartX + fix ((RowAddr × Col + ColAddr)/TotalY), StartY + rem (RowAddr × Col + ColAddr, TotalY)), where (i, j) is the position coordinate of each pixel corresponding to an LED display screen, (RowAddr, ColAddr) is the row and column coordinates of the image data in the SDRAM, (StartX, StartY) is the start pixel point coordinate of the scan card, Col is the number of pixel data stored per row of the SDRAM on the scan card, (TotalX, TotalY) is the size of the image data carried by the scan card, fix () is an integer function, rem () is a remainder function;
determining a corresponding rotary jitter matrix according to the frame number of the video data and the position coordinate of each pixel in the image data corresponding to the LED display screen;
comparing each pixel in the image data with the rotational dither matrix and processing each pixel in the image data.
2. The scan card of claim 1, wherein the data conversion module includes a Gamma correction module and a Bit separation module; the correction comprises inverse Gamma correction performed by the Gamma correction module, and the Bit separation module is used for performing the Bit separation.
3. The scan card of claim 2, wherein said data conversion module further comprises a luminance correction module; the correction further includes a luminance correction performed by the luminance correction module after performing the inverse Gamma correction.
4. The scan card of claim 1, wherein said correction includes a bit width of 2 for bits retrieved from said memory via said memory control modulen-inverse Gamma correction of the image data of bits to map to bit widths of 2m-image data of bits, where n<m; the Bit optimization module is specifically configured to reduce a Bit width of the image data after the correcting and before the Bit separating to (2) using a k × k dimensional periodic rotational dither matrixm-k) -bit, and k.gtoreq.2.
5. The scan card of claim 1, wherein said Bit optimization module is specifically configured to reduce a Bit width of image data after said correcting and before said Bit splitting by k-Bit using a periodic rotational dither matrix of dimension k x k, where k ≧ 2.
6. The scan card of claim 1, wherein the scan card includes a programmable logic device, the memory is external to the programmable logic device, and the data receiving module, the memory control module, the data conversion module, and the display driving module are integrated into the programmable logic device.
7. An LED display screen control system comprising: a transmitter card, a scanning card according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and an LED light panel; the scanning card is electrically connected with the sending card and the LED lamp panel.
8. An image data processing method is suitable for being executed in an LED display screen control system comprising a scanning card and an LED display screen; characterized in that the image data processing method comprises the steps of:
(a) receiving input image data;
(b) correcting the image data to obtain corrected image data;
(c) reducing the Bit width of the corrected image data by k-Bit by using a k multiplied by k dimensional periodic rotational dither matrix to obtain Bit optimized image data, wherein k is more than or equal to 2, and the specific steps comprise:
acquiring a video data frame number according to a field synchronization signal, the coordinates of an initial pixel point of the scanning card and the size of image data carried by the scanning card;
acquiring the row and column coordinates of the image data in an SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory), and acquiring the position coordinates of each pixel in the image data corresponding to an LED display screen according to the initial pixel point coordinates of the scanning card, the image data size carried by the scanning card, the pixel data stored in each row of the SDRAM on the scanning card and the row and column coordinates of the image data in the SDRAM, wherein the position coordinates meet the following requirements: (i, j) — (StartX + fix ((RowAddr × Col + ColAddr)/TotalY), StartY + rem (RowAddr × Col + ColAddr, TotalY)), where (i, j) is the position coordinate of each pixel corresponding to an LED display screen, (RowAddr, ColAddr) is the row and column coordinates of the image data in the SDRAM, (StartX, StartY) is the start pixel point coordinate of the scan card, Col is the number of pixel data stored per row of the SDRAM on the scan card, (TotalX, TotalY) is the size of the image data carried by the scan card, fix () is an integer function, rem () is a remainder function;
determining a corresponding rotary jitter matrix according to the frame number of the video data and the position coordinate of each pixel in the image data corresponding to the LED display screen;
comparing each pixel in the image data with the rotational dither matrix and processing each pixel in the image data;
(d) performing Bit separation on the image data after the Bit optimization to obtain image data after the Bit separation;
(e) and generating a control time sequence and outputting the image data after the Bit separation according to the control time sequence so as to drive the LED display screen.
9. The image data processing method according to claim 8, wherein the correction in step (b) includes inverse Gamma correction and luminance correction performed sequentially.
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| CN111326102A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-23 | 深圳市德普微电子有限公司 | Gray scale display control method |
| CN112614456B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2022-03-22 | 西安诺瓦星云科技股份有限公司 | Display control method, device and system |
| CN112562602B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-10-04 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Data processing method for backlight control, display device and storage medium |
| CN113724638A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-30 | 惠州华星光电显示有限公司 | Demura method of display panel |
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