CN107564461A - Scanning card, LED display control system and image processing method - Google Patents
Scanning card, LED display control system and image processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes that a kind of scan is blocked, using the LED display control system and image processing method for scanning card.For the problem of low Bit gray scales are lost in the prior art be present in the present invention, propose and rotation shake matrix disposal algorithm is applied in the function realization of scanning card, specially Bit optimization modules are set up on scanning card, by being processed to the vedio data of different frame using different rotation shake matrixes, realize while high-bit width data are to low-bit width data conversion, remain to more fully express the information of raw video image, reduce the unrealized influences to expressing gradation of the low Bit of driving chip so that grayscale transition is more smooth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of video image processing, more particularly to a kind of scanning card, a kind of LED display control system
System and a kind of image processing method.
Background technology
At present, control system is when reducing the brightness of LED display, it will usually low Bit gray scales occurs and loses, causes to show
Tone is discontinuous.
Due to LED linear response characteristic, the control of current LED display needs to carry out the n positions gradation data of input
Inverse gamma (Gamma) correction maps realize (m ＞ n) to gray scale is done after the gradation data of m positions again.If x is input gray level data, codomain
For 0 to (2n- 1), y is the gradation data after anti-gamma correction, and codomain is 0 to (2m- 1), γ is Gamma values, and mapping relations are such as
Under：
When needing to reduce LED display brightness, prior art is that the y values after anti-gamma correction are directly multiplied by into brightness hundred
Divide ratio, than if desired for brightness is dropped into 50%, y values just are multiplied by into 0.5.So obtained result has an obvious feature, i.e.,
The data of low Bit gray scales represent the correction high Bit information of forward part after correction.Because the low Bit of driving chip is relatively difficult to achieve now,
So the way for directly abandoning low Bit gray scales at present make it that display screen low-light level display effect is poor.
Referring to Fig. 1, existing LED display control system is mainly made up of sending card, scanning card and LED lamp panel, its
In each LED lamp panel be spliced to form LED display jointly.In LED display control system it is the most key be scanning card (or
Claim to receive card), and scan the main unpacking, correction and LED lamp panel driving chip sequential export for realizing vedio data of card
Three basic functions, its theory diagram are as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 2 only gives expression to transmission and conversion and the hypothesis original number of pixel data
It is 8-bit (namely 2 according to source3-bit).Specifically, in fig. 2, scanning the function realization of card mainly includes four parts：Data
Receiving module, storage control module, data conversion module and driver module.For scanning card for, data source be from
The various data such as view data bag that sending card sends over, order bag, parameter bag.Data reception module enters to these packets
Row parsing, and deposit image valid data to SDRAM via storage control module, in case other modules process；Data conversion
Module reads data from SDRAM via storage control module according to cabling table and is corrected on demand, and correction result is according to display
Drive module is required to carry out Bit separation and deposited via storage control module to SDRAM；Driver module produces LED lamp panel and driven
Dynamic chip control sequential, and data are read from SDRAM via storage control module according to control sequential, delivered to by winding displacement
LED lamp panel.
If raw video image source is 8-bit (as shown in Figure 2), by various schools such as inverse Gamma correction, gamma corrections
After just, data already become 16-bit (namely 24- bit), it is equivalent to bit information decentralizations.Because LED lamp panel drives core
The low Bit gray scales of piece realize difficulty, and the discontinuous display effect of grayscale transition must be caused by directly being given up.
The content of the invention
Therefore, to overcome prior art the defects of and deficiency, the present invention propose to block rotation shake matrix algorithm and scanning
Function realize framework combine, utilize the inert character of human eye so that it was observed that image local average gray be similar to it is original
The local average gray value of image, reaches the continuous effect of integral color, and application field is more wide.
Specifically, a kind of scanning card that the embodiment of the present invention proposes, including：Data reception module, storage control module, number
According to modular converter and driver module, the data reception module is used to receive the view data of input and via the storage
Control module is stored into memory, and the data conversion module is used for via the storage control module from the memory
Obtain view data and the picture number after Bit is separated via the storage control module again is separated with Bit to be sequentially corrected
According to storing to the memory, the driver module is used to produce control sequential and according to the control sequential via described
Storage control module reads the view data after Bit separation to be exported from the memory.Furthermore the data conversion mould
Block includes：Bit optimization modules, for being reduced using Periodic Rotating dither matrix after the correction is carried out and carrying out institute
State the bit wide of the view data before Bit is separated.
In one embodiment of the invention, the data conversion module includes Gamma correction modules and Bit splitting dies
Block；It is described correction using the Gamma correction modules carry out inverse Gamma correction, and the Bit separation modules be used for into
The row Bit separation.
In one embodiment of the invention, the data conversion module also includes luminance correction module；The correction is also
It is included in the gamma correction for carrying out being carried out after the inverse Gamma correction using the luminance correction module.
In one embodiment of the invention, the correction includes being used for depositing from described via the storage control module
The bit wide obtained in reservoir is 2n- bit view data carries out inverse Gamma correction to be mapped to bit wide as 2m- bit picture number
According to wherein n<m；The Bit optimization modules are specifically used for will be described in progress using the Periodic Rotating dither matrix of k × k dimensions
The bit wide of view data after correction and before the Bit separation is carried out is decreased to (2m- k)-bit, and k >=2.
In one embodiment of the invention, the Bit optimization modules are specifically used for the Periodic Rotating using k × k dimensions
The bit wide of view data after the correction is carried out and before the Bit separation is carried out is reduced k-bit by dither matrix,
Wherein k >=2.
In one embodiment of the invention, the scanning card includes PLD, the memory electrical connection
The PLD, and the data reception module, the storage control module, the data conversion module and described
Driver module is integrated in the PLD.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of LED display control system, including：Sending card, it is foregoing any one sweep
Retouch card and LED lamp panel；The scanning card electrically connects the sending card and the LED lamp panel.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also proposes a kind of image processing method, it is adapted for carrying out in including scanning card and LED
The LED display control system of display screen.Described image data processing method includes step：(a) view data of input is received；
(b) described image data are corrected with the view data after being corrected；(c) the Periodic Rotating shake of k × k dimensions is utilized
The bit wide of view data after the correction is reduced k-bit to obtain the view data after Bit optimizations, wherein k >=2 by matrix；
(d) view data after optimizing to the Bit carries out Bit separation to obtain the view data after Bit separation；(e) control is produced
Sequential simultaneously exports the view data after Bit separation for driving the LED display according to the control sequential.
In one embodiment of the invention, step (c) includes：According to field sync signal, the starting picture of the scanning card
The view data size that vegetarian refreshments coordinate and the scanning cassette tape carry determines that each pixel value in each frame image data is corresponding
Position coordinates and corresponding rotation shake matrix to the LED display.
In one embodiment of the invention, the correction in step (b) include the inverse Gamma correction that sequentially carries out and
Gamma correction.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that for there is the problem of low Bit gray scales are lost in the embodiment of the present invention in the prior art, it is proposed that will revolve
Turn dither matrix Processing Algorithm to be applied in the function realization of scanning card；By the vedio data to different frame using different
Rotation shake matrix processes, and realizes while high-bit width data are to low-bit width data conversion, remains to more fully express original
The information of beginning video image, reduce the unrealized influences to expressing gradation of the low Bit of driving chip so that grayscale transition is more flat
It is sliding.
By the detailed description below with reference to accompanying drawing, other side of the invention and feature become obvious.But it should know
Road, the accompanying drawing is only the purpose design explained, not as the restriction of the scope of the present invention.It is it should also be noted that unless another
Point out outside, it is not necessary to which scale accompanying drawing, they only try hard to conceptually illustrate structure and flow described herein.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a kind of configuration diagram of LED display control system of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is scanning card function realization principle block diagram of the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a kind of scanning card function realization principle block diagram that the embodiment of the present invention proposes.
Embodiment
In order to facilitate the understanding of the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention
Embodiment be described in detail.
Low Bit (ratios on the function realization principle framework of card be present for scanning in the prior art in the following embodiments of the present invention
It is special) information the problem of losing, made improvements with reference to rotation shake matrix algorithm, pass through the video image adjacent to several
Frame is handled using different rotation shake matrixes, is realized that the pixel grey scale effect on close position keeps constant, is reached whole
Body colour adjusts continuous effect.
For ease of understanding the present invention, a kind of rotation shake matrix algorithm that the embodiment of the present invention uses is carried out first below
It is described as follows：
Digital halftone technology is to be based on human-eye visual characteristic and image colour generation characteristic, using instruments such as mathematics, computers,
A special kind of skill of the optimal reproduction of image is realized in two-value (or polychrome two-value) colour generation equipment.When being observed under certain distance,
Part spatially close in image is considered as an entirety by human eye.Using this characteristic, half tone image office that eye-observation arrives
Portion's average gray is similar to the local average gray value of original image, so as to generally form the effect of continuous tone.
It is at present rotation shake matrix algorithm using wider digital halftone technology, its principle is to believe the display of a high position
Breath be assigned to by rotation shake matrix computations in adjacent space so that picture quality be improved significantly, improve display
Number of greyscale levels.
By taking 2 × 2 rotation shake matrixes as an example, the specific implementation step of algorithm is as follows：
(1) rotation shake matrix is obtained：Rotation shake matrix is according to counterclockwise or up time by a basic jitter matrix
Pin is rotated, and basic jitter matrix is then obtained by Limb matrixes by matrix operation.
1. Limb matrixes：
2. according to formulaSolve the base of (n+1) × (n+1) dimensions
This dither matrix, wherein UnA n × n full matrix is represented, such as
3. by basic jitter matrix according to rotating clockwise or counter-clockwise, Periodic Rotating dither matrix is obtained.With 2 ×
Exemplified by 2 basic jitter matrixes, if according to counterclockwise rotates, 2 × 2 rotation shake matrixes can be obtained：
(2) current video frame framecurrentProcessing：If original video is 8-bit (namely 256 grades) data source, now
The video is represented with 6-bit (namely 64 grades) data bit width, the specific implementation of algorithm comprises the following steps：
1. each pixel value to be carried out to 8-bit to 6-bit conversion, namely carry out dropping GTG processing, the pixel after conversion
Value includes two parts：Integer part (Int) and fractional part (Dec)；Such as the value that pixel value 122 is converted into after 64 grades is
Value, then Value=64 × 122/256=30.5=Int+Dec.
2. by currently processed frame of video framecurrentFractional part compared with corresponding rotation shake matrix.
(i) determines currently processed frame of video framecurrentCorresponding rotation shake matrix：I=rem (current-1,
4)+1, wherein rem () are MOD function, and current is that (such as first frame of video is corresponding for the sequence number of currently processed frame of video
Current=1), i is represented and currently processed frame of video framecurrentThe sequence number of corresponding rotation shake matrix.
(ii) calculates currently processed frame of video framecurrentIn each location of pixels comparative result：Assuming that current
=5, then its corresponding rotation dither matrix is Mat1；From the upper left corner of frame of video, 2 after drop GTG processing are intercepted successively
× 2 pixel value, by its fractional part and rotation shake matrix Mat1Make comparisons, according to rounding up, rule is accepted or rejected.That is,
If fractional part is more than Mat1The value of middle correspondence position, then framecurrentThe integer part of respective pixel position adds 1, otherwise not
Add (namely integer part is constant), the sequence number i of rotation shake matrix span is 1~4 herein.
Hold above-mentioned, the scanning card function realization principle block diagram after improvement is as shown in Figure 3.It should be noted that Fig. 3 is only expressed
Go out the transmission and conversion of pixel data, it assumes that source data is 8-bit and does 2-bit optimizations.Furthermore in the present embodiment, Fig. 3
In data reception module 31, storage control module 33, data conversion module 35 and driver module 37 be, for example, by running
The PLD of card 30 is being scanned as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array, field-programmable gate array
Row) on software module realize, in other words data reception module 31, storage control module 33, data conversion module 35 and display
Drive module 37 is integrated in the PLD for being circumscribed with memory such as SDRAM.
Specifically, in Fig. 3 increased Bit optimization modules 356 be using rotation shake algorithm realize big bit wide (such as
16-bit) function of the data to small bit wide (such as 14-bit) data conversion.Because Gamma correction modules 350 are used for pixel
Data carry out inverse Gamma correction, and it is a kind of gamma correction, and luminance correction module 352 and the (example of other correction modules 354
Such as chromaticity correction module, naturally it is also possible to without other correction modules) cause the high Bit of data information be shifted more to it is low
On Bit, and Bit separation modules 358 lost the positional information of original view data；So Bit optimization modules 356 are set
In each correction module (including Gamma correction modules 350, luminance correction module 352 and other correction modules 354) and Bit points
From between module 358.
For each scanning card 30, three key messages can be obtained from front end sending card：Field sync signal, sweep
Retouch the view data size (TotalX, TotalY) that the starting pixels point coordinates (StartX, StartY) of card and scanning cassette tape carry.
According to these three parameters, the tool of the video data frame number handled at present and each pixel in whole LED display
Body position, so that it is determined that corresponding rotation shake matrix value, by more finally realizing big bit wide data to small bit wide number
According to conversion.Assuming that (StartX, StartY)=(0,128), (TotalX, TotalY)=(128,128), and scan on card
SDRAM data memory format is Col=256 pixel data of often row storage, and calculation procedure is as follows：
(1) particular location of the whole LED display corresponding to the pixel value received is calculated.In data conversion module
In 35, ranks coordinate (RowAddr, ColAddr) of the raw video image data in SDRAM can be obtained according to cabling table.
Because raw image data is sequentially deposited, so can be by the way that its particular location corresponded on LED display be calculated
Coordinate (i, j).Similarly, data frame count framecnt can obtain by field sync signal.It is 0 to be assumed to be RowAddr,
ColAddr is 200, framecnt 5, then the pixel value corresponds to the particular location coordinate (i, j) and therewith of LED display
Corresponding rotation shake matrix MatmIn sequence number m be：
(i, j)=(StartX+fix ((RowAddr × Col+ColAddr)/TotalY), StartY+rem (RowAddr
×Col+ColAddr,TotalY))
=(0+fix ((0 × 256+200)/128), 128+rem (0 × 256+200,128))
=(1,200)
M=rem (framecnt-1,4)+1=rem (5-1,4)+1=1
Wherein, fix () is bracket function.
(2) according to the algorithm, to currently processed pixel and the rotation shake matrix Mat determinedmCompare.Specifically,
By taking 2 × 2 rotation shake matrixes as an example, if the particular location coordinate (i, j) of pixel, meet rem (i, 2)=0 and rem (j, 2)=
0, then itself and rotation shake matrix Mat1In the data of (0,0) position compare；If meeting rem (i, 2)=0 and rem (j, 2)=1,
Then itself and Mat1In the data of (0,1) position compare；If meeting rem (i, 2)=1 and rem (j, 2)=0, then itself and Mat1In (1,
0) data of position compare；If meeting rem (i, 2)=1 and rem (j, 2)=1, then itself and Mat1In (1,1) position data ratio
Compared with.
(3) pixel data after processing is delivered into Bit separation modules 358 and carries out Bit separating treatments.
In view of the data that data reception module 31 receives are data flows, so repeating three above step can complete
Bit optimizes.
Because basic jitter matrix is 2 × 2 dimensions, then its rotation shake matrix has 4, therefore caused fractional part has 0,
0.25,0.5 and 0.75.If the fractional part that need to be realized is 0.5, it is with four rotation shake matrix result of the comparison：Preceding two
The integer part of frame data adds 1, and then the integer part of two frame data does not add 1.The comparative result of four frame data is added and done
Average, its fractional part is exactly equal to 0.5.That is, this method is by the way that fractional part (low Bit information) is diffused into phase
In the integer part (high Bit information) of adjacent data frame correspondence position pixel.According to the inert character of human eye, it was observed that image office
Portion's average gray is similar to the local average gray value of original image, reaches the continuous effect of integral color.It is simultaneously as low
The information of Bit gray scales has been converted on high Bit, so low Bit gray scales difficulty is addressed the problem of realization.
Furthermore the rotation shake matrix of the dimension of observation 2 × 2 can find that 4 matrix addition results are exactly all 1's matrix.This meaning
Taste to be processed to continuous four frame video images data, and the pixel grey scale after final superposition keeps constant.If rotation shake square
Battle array ties up (wherein k for k × k>2), then can be real by doing cyclical process (namely the cycle is k) to continuous videos image frame data
Now remain to more fully represent primary data information (pdi) on the basis of the data bit width than original few k-bit, that is, realize that k-bit optimizes,
Implementation method optimizes similar to 2-bit, therefore will not be repeated here.
In summary, for there is the problem of low Bit gray scales are lost in present invention in the prior art, it is proposed that
Rotation shake matrix disposal algorithm is applied in the function realization of scanning card；By the vedio data to different frame using not
Same rotation shake matrix processes, and realizes while high-bit width data are to low-bit width data conversion, remains to more complete earth's surface
Up to the information of raw video image, the unrealized influences to expressing gradation of the low Bit of driving chip are reduced so that grayscale transition is more
To be smooth.
In addition it is noted that the LED that the scanning card of present invention is applied to shown in Fig. 1 can be shown
Shield control system to obtain improved LED display control system.
Finally it is worth mentioning that according to the description of previous embodiment, can also summarize a kind of image real time transfer side
Method, it is adapted for carrying out in the LED display control for including scanning card and LED display (being spliced by one or more LED lamp panels)
System processed.Described image data processing method is for example including step：Receive the view data of input；Described image data are carried out
Correction is with the view data after being corrected；Using the Periodic Rotating dither matrix of k × k dimensions by the picture number after the correction
According to bit wide reduce k-bit to obtain the view data after Bit optimizations, wherein k >=2；View data after optimizing to the Bit
Bit separation is carried out to obtain the view data after Bit separation；And produce control sequential and according to the control sequential by described in
View data after Bit separation is exported for driving the LED display.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, any formal limitation not is made to the present invention, though
So the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention, any to be familiar with this professional technology people
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or modification
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, as long as being the technical spirit pair according to the present invention without departing from technical solution of the present invention content
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification that above example is made, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind scanning card, including：Data reception module, storage control module, data conversion module and driver module, institute
State data reception module be used for receive input view data and stored via the storage control module into memory, it is described
Data conversion module is used to obtain view data from the memory to be sequentially corrected via the storage control module
The view data after Bit is separated via the storage control module again is separated with Bit to store to the memory, the display
Drive module is used to produce control sequential and be read from the memory via the storage control module according to the control sequential
The view data after Bit separation is taken to be exported；Characterized in that, the data conversion module includes：Bit optimization modules,
For reducing the image after the correction is carried out and before the Bit separation is carried out using Periodic Rotating dither matrix
The bit wide of data.
2. scanning card as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the data conversion module include Gamma correction modules and
Bit separation modules；The inverse Gamma correction that the correction is carried out using the Gamma correction modules, and the Bit is separated
Module is used to carry out the Bit separation.
3. scanning card as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the data conversion module also includes luminance correction module；
The correction is additionally included in the gamma correction for carrying out being carried out after the inverse Gamma correction using the luminance correction module.
4. scanning card as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the correction includes being used for controlling mould via the storage
The bit wide that block obtains from the memory is 2n- bit view data carries out inverse Gamma correction to be mapped to bit wide as 2m-
Bit view data, wherein n<m；The Bit optimization modules are specifically used for will using the Periodic Rotating dither matrix of k × k dimensions
The bit wide of view data after the correction is carried out and before the Bit separation is carried out is decreased to (2m- k)-bit, and k
≥2。
5. scanning card as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the Bit optimization modules are specifically used for utilizing k × k dimensions
Periodic Rotating dither matrix is by the bit wide of the view data after the correction is carried out and before the Bit separation is carried out
Reduce k-bit, wherein k >=2.
6. scanning card as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the scanning card includes PLD, described to deposit
Reservoir is external in the PLD, and the data reception module, the storage control module, the data conversion
Module and the driver module are integrated in the PLD.
7. a kind of LED display control system, including：Sending card, the scanning card as described in claim 1 to 6 any one, with
And LED lamp panel；The scanning card electrically connects the sending card and the LED lamp panel.
8. a kind of image processing method, it is adapted for carrying out controlling system in the LED display including scanning card and LED display
System；Characterized in that, described image data processing method includes step：
(a) view data of input is received；
(b) described image data are corrected with the view data after being corrected；
(c) using k × k dimensions Periodic Rotating dither matrix by the bit wide of the view data after the correction reduce k-bit with
Obtain the view data after Bit optimizations, wherein k >=2；
(d) view data after optimizing to the Bit carries out Bit separation to obtain the view data after Bit separation；
(e) view data after producing control sequential and being separated the Bit according to the control sequential is exported for driving institute
State LED display.
9. image processing method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that step (c) includes：
It is true according to the view data size that field sync signal, the starting pixels point coordinates of the scanning card and the scanning cassette tape carry
Each pixel value in fixed each frame image data corresponds to the position coordinates of the LED display and corresponding rotation is trembled
Dynamic matrix.
10. image processing method as claimed in claim 8 or 9, it is characterised in that the correction bag in step (b)
Include the inverse Gamma correction and gamma correction sequentially carried out.
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| CN112530367A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-03-19 | 成都利普芯微电子有限公司 | LED display screen gray scale display driving module and method |
| CN112562602A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-26 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Backlight control data processing method, display device and storage medium |
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