CN107561107A - A kind of method of reverse D types knotter material - Google Patents
A kind of method of reverse D types knotter material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107561107A CN107561107A CN201710735902.3A CN201710735902A CN107561107A CN 107561107 A CN107561107 A CN 107561107A CN 201710735902 A CN201710735902 A CN 201710735902A CN 107561107 A CN107561107 A CN 107561107A
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- knotter
- metallographic structure
- phosphorus content
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of reverse D types knotter material.It comprises the following steps：(1) phosphorus content of each part of D type knotters is detected, the material category of the part is obtained according to the phosphorus content of the part；(2) according to the material category of the part, measure is analyzed according to following 1) or 2), that is, obtains the D types knotter material；1) when the material category of the part is cast iron, matrix, graphite form and the tensile strength of the part is determined, obtains the trade mark of the cast iron；2) when the material category of the part is steel, determine contained element species and content, metallographic structure and hardness in the part, in conjunction with the performance requirement of the part and the phosphorus content of the part measured by step (1), the trade mark of the steel is obtained.The present invention improves the efficiency of material reverse and the accuracy of material reverse result, reduces the R＆D costs of knotter material selection and shortens it and researches and develops the time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of reverse D types knotter material.
Background technology
At present, square bale pickup baling press is widely used in the material collections such as agricultural crop straw and herbage.At work,
The raw materials such as the agricultural crop straw for becoming scattered about ground and herbage are picked up and are pressed into high density, whole by square bale pickup baling press
Neat bundle type structure, in order to transport, store and comprehensively utilize.
The key core part of the knotter side of being bale pickup baling press, use D type knotters more.D type knotter structures
Compact, rapid intermittent operates under conditions of unlubricated, and working environment is severe, and main parts size is at work by strong
Impulsive force, compression and shearing stress, by investigating on the spot, key components and parts easily damage, and have a strong impact on work quality and effect
Rate.The D types knotter that the country is produced at present is improper due to material selection, causes its functional reliability and life-span all relatively low.
Therefore, the selection of D types knotter material is most important.
Due to external D types knotter reliable working performance and last a long time, it is deep to be given birth to by country side's bale pickup baling press
The favor of producer is produced, but it is expensive, seriously govern the development of domestic side's bale pickup baling press.Therefore, external D types are beaten
Knot equipment material reverse is studied, and in the domestic D types knotter functional reliability of raising and for the life-span, has important meaning
Justice.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of reverse D types knotter material, the present invention improves material reverse
The accuracy of efficiency and material reverse result, reduce the R＆D costs of knotter material selection and shorten it and research and develop the time.
The method of reverse D types knotter material provided by the invention, comprises the following steps：(1) D type knotters each zero are detected
The phosphorus content of part, the material category of the part is obtained according to the phosphorus content of the part；
(2) according to the material category of the part, measure is analyzed according to following 1) or 2), that is, obtains the D types knotter
Material；
1) when the material category of the part is cast iron, matrix, graphite form and the tension for determining the part are strong
Degree, obtains the trade mark of the cast iron；
2) when the material category of the part is steel, contained element species and content, metallographic group in the part are determined
Knit and hardness, in conjunction with the performance requirement of the part and the phosphorus content of the part measured by step (1), obtain
The trade mark of the steel.
In the present invention, step 1) also comprises the following steps in the process pretreatment：By the D types knotter each zero
Part CNC milling machine removes the coating of piece surface, and the drilling cuttings of part is obtained using drilling machine, finally by disposal of cuttings into granularity
Not less than 0.4mm and the substantially homogeneous sample of size；Sample is cleaned using acetone, and in 70 DEG C of -100 DEG C of dryings.
In above-mentioned method, when the mass fraction of the phosphorus content of the part is more than 2.11%, the material kind of the part
Class is cast iron；
When the mass fraction of the phosphorus content of the part is 0.02%~2.06%, the material category of the part is steel；
The phosphorus content of the part is determined using carbon analyzer.
Above-mentioned method and step (2) -1) in, by micro- metallographic structure experimental method measure the part matrix,
Graphite form；
The micro- metallographic structure experimental method comprises the following steps：The metallographic structure of the part is determined, it is each by observing
The metallographic structure under multiplication factor, that is, obtain matrix, the graphite form of the part.
In the present invention, in the micro- metallographic structure experimental method, the multiplication factor is 200~1000 times, is specifically included
200 times, 400 times, 500 times or 200~500 times.
Above-mentioned method and step (2) -1) in, the tensile strength of the part is measured by impression method.
In above-mentioned method, determine to obtain the Brinell hardness of the part using Brinell hardness instrument, the Brinell hardness is surveyed
Determine the tensile strength of method part according to being calculated the formula shown in following formula I：
HBW=RH × (A+B × Rm) formula I；
In the formula I, HBW is Brinell hardness, RmFor the tensile strength of cast iron, A=100, B=0.44, RH=0.8~
1.2。
Above-mentioned method and step (2) -2) in, determine contained element species and content in the part, including following step
Suddenly：The element species and its sxemiquantitative content of the part are obtained by ESEM X-ray energy spectrometry, according to the Element Species
Class, then by Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission sperctrometry quantitative analysis, obtain the constituent content of the part；
The sxemiquantitative content according to measuring determines the approximate range of material trademark, determines several doubtful trades mark.
Above-mentioned method and step (2) -2) in, the metallographic structure of the part by the micro- metallographic structure experimental method,
Its hardness is determined by Rockwell hardness determination method.
The present invention has advantages below：
1st, the present invention have detected the phosphorus content of part first, effectively differentiate the species cast iron and steel of part material,
Improve the efficiency of material reverse.
2nd, the present invention employs ESEM X-ray energy spectrometry and inductive etc. during steel material reverse
Plasma-atomic emission spectra methods, improve the accuracy of material reverse result.
3rd, the present invention employs micro- metallographic structure method and impression method during cast iron quality reverse, protects
The accuracy of cast iron materials reverse result has been demonstrate,proved, has reduced R＆D costs, and has improved the efficiency of cast iron materials reverse.
4th, operability of the present invention and repeatability are strong, significantly improve material reverse efficiency and result it is accurate
Property, reduce the R＆D costs of knotter material selection and shorten it and research and develop the time.
Embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material used, reagent etc., unless otherwise specified, are commercially obtained in following embodiments.
Embodiment 1, D type knotter frame material reverse methods
D type knotter frame material reverse methods, comprise the following steps：
1) sample preparation is taken.The coating of frame surface is removed with CNC milling machine, the drilling cuttings of frame is obtained using drilling machine, finally will
Disposal of cuttings is not less than 0.4mm and the substantially homogeneous sample of size into granularity.Sample is cleaned using acetone, and in 70 DEG C of dryings.
2) instrument testing.Determined 5 times according to 3) method with the sample and fluxing agent that can measure carbon content, checked with this
The fuel element of carbon determinator and the air-tightness of measuring unit.
3) calibrate and verify.Carbon analyzer replicate analysis are containing the reference material that carbon mass fraction is 0.05%, until display
Untill value stabilization, the response of measuring system is adjusted with this；It is 0.005% that carbon analyzer determines containing carbon mass fraction respectively,
0.008%th, 0.0105%, 0.012%, 0.030%, 0.100%, 0.170%, 0.250%, 0.300%, 0.400%,
0.600%th, 0.800%, 0.900%, 2.00%, 3.000%, 4.000%, 5.000% has the carbon blank value for demonstrate,proving reference material,
And establish calibration curve；By containing carbon mass fraction be respectively 0.005% and 5.000% have card reference material according to 1:0、7:1、
3:1、5:3、1:1、3:5、1:3、1:7、0:1 ratio is mixed into 9 parts of test substances that gross mass is 1g, and carbon analyzer is surveyed respectively
The concentration of carbon of fixed 9 parts of test substances, is verified with this to the calibration curve of previous step.
4) frame phosphorus content is analyzed.Concentration of carbon of the carbon analyzer measure containing carbon mass fraction for 4.000% reference material, such as
As a result in the limits of error 0.04%, the analysis of unknown sample sample is carried out.
5) carbon analysis analysis of experimental results.Frame carbon mass fraction 3.34%, so frame material is cast iron.
6) prepared by frame metallographic specimen.Wire cutting obtains the metallographic specimen of frame；With sand paper and polishing cloth to frame gold
Phase sample carries out grind away and polishing, until specimen surface is bright such as " minute surface "；4%-6% nital corrodes sample table
Face, and then dry up specimen surface with specimen surface after deionized water washing erosion, last nitrogen.
7) frame metallographic structure is observed.Using light microscope, observe respectively frame specimen surface 200 times, 400 times with
And 500 times of metallographic structure, including graphite form and matrix, and record result.
8) part tensile strength determines.Brinell hardness instrument determines the Brinell hardness of part sample；Pass through empirical equation HBW=
RH×(A+B×Rm), (wherein HBW is Brinell hardness, RmFor cast iron tensile strength, A=100, B=0.44, RH=0.8~1.2)
Try to achieve part tensile strength.
The Brinell hardness for obtaining frame is 192, RH=0.8, A=100, B=0.44, according to above-mentioned formula, calculates to obtain Rm
=210MPa.
9) interpretation of result.By frame metallographic structure, it is sheet to obtain its graphite form, and matrix is ferrite base
Body, it is 150MPa with reference to its tensile strength, that is, the material for obtaining frame is HT150.
Embodiment 2, D type knotter bevel gear material reverse methods
D type knotter bevel gear material reverse methods, comprise the following steps：
1) sample preparation is taken.The coating on bevel gear surface is removed with CNC milling machine, the drilling cuttings of bevel gear is obtained using drilling machine, most
Disposal of cuttings is not less than 0.4mm and the substantially homogeneous sample of size into granularity afterwards.Sample is cleaned using acetone, and in 100 DEG C
Dry.
2) instrument testing.Determined 5 times according to 3. method with the sample and fluxing agent that can measure carbon content, checked with this
The fuel element of carbon determinator and the air-tightness of measuring unit.
3) calibrate and verify.Carbon analyzer replicate analysis are containing the reference material that carbon mass fraction is 0.05%, until display
Untill value stabilization, the response of measuring system is adjusted with this；It is 0.005% that carbon analyzer determines containing carbon mass fraction respectively,
0.008%th, 0.0105%, 0.012%, 0.030%, 0.100%, 0.170%, 0.250%, 0.300%, 0.400%,
0.600%th, 0.800%, 0.900%, 2.00%, 3.000%, 4.000%, 5.000% has the carbon blank value for demonstrate,proving reference material,
And establish calibration curve；By containing carbon mass fraction be respectively 0.005% and 5.000% have card reference material according to 1:0、7:1、
3:1、5:3、1:1、3:5、1:3、1:7、0:1 ratio is mixed into 9 parts of test substances that gross mass is 1g, and carbon analyzer is surveyed respectively
The concentration of carbon of fixed 9 parts of test substances, is verified with this to the calibration curve of previous step.
4) bevel gear phosphorus content is analyzed.Concentration of carbon of the carbon analyzer measure containing carbon mass fraction for 4.000% reference material,
If result is in the limits of error 0.04%, the analysis of unknown sample sample is carried out.
5) carbon analysis analysis of experimental results.Bevel gear carbon mass fraction is 0.38%, and it is steel to obtain bevel gear material.
6) X-ray energy spectrum experiment and interpretation of result.According to the requirement of ESEM instrument and the shape size of part, use
Wire cutting obtains the square coupons of part X-ray energy spectrum analysis；Choose square coupons one side and carry out grind away polishing, until surface is bright
It is bright such as " minute surface "；It is 15KV, operating distance to set the accelerating potential of ESEM according to instrument and sample analysis related request
Operating voltage for 10.1mm, and energy disperse spectroscopy is 15KV, operating distance 10.1mm, sample inclination angle are 0 °, collect live time
For 200s；Full spectrum analysis is carried out to sample using the energy depressive spectroscopy that ESEM is equipped with, obtains the energy spectrogram, main of sample
(Cr (w/%)=1.1Mn (w/%)=0.8Si (w/%)=0.3Fe (w/%)=97.8, above-mentioned element contain for element and content
Amount is weight/mass percentage composition)；According to energy spectrogram, essential element and content, the close steel grade trade mark of analysis part；Analysis
" obstacle " element that material trademark judges is influenceed, quantitatively detecting each element content for next step chemical method does homework.
7) Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission sperctrometry experiment and interpretation of result (Cr (w/%)=0.920Mn
(w/%)=0.740Ni (w/%)=0.030Si (w/%)=0.360).Part material is processed into granule size to be less than
0.4mm and the little particle of drying, using Microwave Digestion, appropriate little particle is cleared up into test sample with nitric acid and deionized water
Solution；Using the mass fraction of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer quantitative determination coherent element；According to each element
Content combination phosphorus content, the part trade mark is accurately judged, obtain steel according to board 40Cr.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of reverse D types knotter material, comprises the following steps：(1) the carbon containing of each part of D type knotters is detected
Amount, the material category of the part is obtained according to the phosphorus content of the part；
(2) according to the material category of the part, measure is analyzed according to following 1) or 2), that is, obtains the D types knotter material；
1) when the material category of the part is cast iron, matrix, graphite form and the tensile strength of the part is determined, is obtained
To the trade mark of the cast iron；
2) when the material category of the part is steel, determine contained element species and content in the part, metallographic structure and
Hardness, in conjunction with the performance requirement of the part and the phosphorus content of the part measured by step (1), obtain described
The trade mark of steel.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mass fraction of the phosphorus content of the part is more than 2.11%
When, the material category of the part is cast iron；
When the mass fraction of the phosphorus content of the part is 0.02%~2.06%, the material category of the part is steel；
The phosphorus content of the part is determined using carbon analyzer.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Step (2) -1) in, tested by micro- metallographic structure
Method measures the matrix of the part, graphite form；
The micro- metallographic structure experimental method comprises the following steps：The metallographic structure of the part is determined, by observing each amplification
The metallographic structure under multiple, that is, obtain matrix, the graphite form of the part.
4. according to the method any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：Step (2) -1) in, pass through Brinell hardness
Determination method measures the tensile strength of the part.
5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that：Determine to obtain the Bu Shi of the part using Brinell hardness instrument
Hardness, the tensile strength of impression method part according to being calculated the formula shown in following formula I：
HBW=RH × (A+B × Rm) formula I；
In the formula I, HBW is Brinell hardness, RmFor the tensile strength of cast iron, A=100, B=0.44, RH=0.8~1.2.
6. according to the method any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：Step (2) -2) in, determine the part
In contained element species and content, comprise the following steps：The element of the part is obtained by ESEM X-ray energy spectrometry
Species and its sxemiquantitative content, according to the element species, then pass through Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission sperctrometry
Quantitative analysis, obtain the constituent content of the part.
7. according to the method any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that：Step (2) -2) in, the gold of the part
Phase constitution is determined by the micro- metallographic structure experimental method, its hardness by Rockwell hardness determination method.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105807025A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-07-27 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Method for distinguishing type of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel metallographic structure |
| CN106774172A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of manufacture method of D types knotter |
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2017
- 2017-08-24 CN CN201710735902.3A patent/CN107561107A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105807025A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-07-27 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Method for distinguishing type of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel metallographic structure |
| CN106774172A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of manufacture method of D types knotter |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘智强: "D型打结器钳嘴结构性能分析研究", 《中国硕士论文万方数据库》 * |
| 芦杰: "秸秆打捆机D型打结器结构及参数优化研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》 * |
| 铸造工程是手册编写组: "《铸造工程师手册》", 31 December 1997 * |
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Application publication date: 20180109 |