CN107560964A - A kind of measurement apparatus and its measuring method of flaky material water penetration - Google Patents
A kind of measurement apparatus and its measuring method of flaky material water penetration Download PDFInfo
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- CN107560964A CN107560964A CN201710731668.7A CN201710731668A CN107560964A CN 107560964 A CN107560964 A CN 107560964A CN 201710731668 A CN201710731668 A CN 201710731668A CN 107560964 A CN107560964 A CN 107560964A
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- measurement apparatus
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- flaky material
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- water penetration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measurement apparatus and its measuring method of flaky material water penetration, it is related to water penetration field of measuring technique, the water penetration of measurable different-thickness flaky material and simple in construction, cost is low.A kind of measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration of the present invention, the first support tube including test liquid container and below the test liquid container, the bottom of the test liquid container is provided with opening, the side wall of the test liquid container is located above the tube wall of first support tube, the lower surface of the test liquid container and the upper surface of first support tube are used to clamp flaky material, and hygroscopic material is provided with first support tube.A kind of measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration of the present invention is used for the permeable amount for measuring flaky material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water penetration field of measuring technique, more particularly to a kind of measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration and its
Measuring method.
Background technology
Water penetration is a kind of one of important parameter for weighing material property.At present, in the market has many measurement thin-film materials
The instrument of water penetration, the instrument generally measure the water penetration of material in setting thickness range, if material thickness is (thick beyond the scope
Spend big or too small), then its water penetration can not be measured, and the price of water penetration measuring instrument is costly.
The content of the invention
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of measurement apparatus and its measuring method of flaky material water penetration, measurable difference
The water penetration of thickness flaky material and simple in construction, cost is low.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the invention adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration, including test liquid container and tested positioned at described below liquid container
First support tube, the bottom of the test liquid container are provided with opening, and the side wall of the test liquid container is positioned at the described first support
Above the tube wall of pipe, the lower surface of the test liquid container and the upper surface of first support tube are used to clamp flaky material,
Hygroscopic material is provided with first support tube.
The measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including bottom are provided with the test fluid appearance of opening
Device and the first support tube below test liquid container, hygroscopic material is provided with the first support tube, flaky material is placed
Between the first support tube and test liquid container, and test fluid is injected in test liquid container, you can complete the group of measurement apparatus
Dress；Because of flaky material both sides, the flow of water to be present poor, after test fluid enters the first support tube side by flaky material, by hygroscopic material
Absorb, it is measurable to obtain the test fluid amount change appeared from flaky material, so as to analyze the water penetration for drawing flaky material.The survey
The permeable amount of the measurable different-thickness flaky material of device is measured, and it is simple in construction, cost of manufacture is relatively low.
Further, the test liquid container includes hollow pipe and the cover plate being arranged at the top of the hollow pipe, works as institute
State in hollow pipe after injection test fluid, the cover plate lid is together on the hollow pipe.
Further, the test liquid container is the hollow pipe that top is provided with plug, and water inlet is offered on the plug,
The water inlet is provided with closure.
Further, in addition to the first plate electrode and the second plate electrode, first plate electrode are electrically connected with power supply
Connect, the second plate electrode ground connection, one in first plate electrode and second plate electrode is pressed on described
The upper surface of liquid container is tested, another is bonded with the lower surface of first support tube.
Further, the second support tube is provided between first plate electrode and second plate electrode, it is described
Test liquid container and first support tube are respectively positioned in second support tube.
Further, it is provided with hygroscopic material in second support tube.
Further, the lower surface of the test liquid container and the upper surface of first support tube are equipped with adhesive layer.
Further, it is coated with encapsulant at the upper edge of first support tube.
Further, the outer surface of the test liquid container is provided with sealant.
Further, the thickness of the sealant is 5mm.
Further, the test fluid in the test liquid container is deionized water or acid-base salt solution.
Further, the hygroscopic material is the mixture of anhydrous calcium chloride and silica gel.
Further, first support tube and second support tube are quartz ampoule.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of measurement dress of flaky material water penetration for described in above-mentioned technical proposal
The measuring method put, comprises the following steps：Through certain time after the measurement apparatus is completed, the hygroscopic material will be removed
The measurement apparatus of material is positioned on meausring apparatus, and the quality for measuring initial time is m0；After setting time, then it will remove
Go the measurement apparatus of the hygroscopic material to be positioned on the meausring apparatus, obtain at least one set of t and mt-m0Corresponding pass
System, wherein, t is the measurement moment apart from the time of the initial time, mtThe matter of the measurement apparatus measured for the measurement moment
Amount；According to formulaThe permeable amount T of the flaky material is calculatedw, wherein, S is the test liquid container
Opening internal diameter sectional area, f (t) be by mt-m0With t determined by function, to represent the matter through measurement apparatus described in time t
Amount change.
The measuring method of the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration of the embodiment of the present invention, by after setting time, surveying
Amount removes the quality of the measurement apparatus of hygroscopic material, can obtain at least one set of time t and mt-m0Corresponding relation, and calculate processing
Above-mentioned data obtain function f (t), finally according to formulaIt can be calculated the permeable amount T of flaky materialw。
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is one of structural representation of measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is two of the structural representation of the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the device that silicon rubber, quartz plate are measured using the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration of the embodiment of the present invention
Mass change figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", " left side ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " right side ", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer " are based on shown in the drawings
Orientation or position relationship, be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, rather than instruction or imply signified device or
Element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
Permeable amount refer to set point of temperature, the flow of water difference and thickness of sample under conditions of, 1m2Sample in intraday water
Amount, its unit is g/ (m2·day).Permeable amount is to weigh the important parameter of material water permeability, is made with silastic material
Exemplified by composite insulator sheath, if the water penetration of silicon rubber is poor, water is easily accessible in sheath, makes the boundary of sheath and epoxy chip
Occur micropore at face, coupling is bad, is not coupled or the boundary defects such as silane coupler comes off, cause sheath aging, thunderbolt etc. to be asked
Topic；If the water penetration of silicon rubber is preferable, water is not easily accessible in sheath, the stable performance of sheath, and operation of power networks can be made relatively stable.
Reference picture 1, the measurement apparatus 100 of the flaky material water penetration of the embodiment of the present invention, including test liquid container 1 and the
One support tube 2, wherein, the bottom of test liquid container 1 is provided with opening 11, and the first support tube 2 is positioned at the lower section of test liquid container 1.
The side wall of the test liquid container 1 is located above the tube wall of the first support tube 2, tests lower surface and the first support tube 2 of liquid container 1
Upper surface be used to clamp flaky material 200, be provided with hygroscopic material (not shown) in the first support tube 2.
The measurement apparatus 100 of flaky material water penetration provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including bottom are provided with the survey of opening 11
Test solution container 1 and the first support tube 2 positioned at the lower section of test liquid container 1, are provided with hygroscopic material, by piece in the first support tube 2
Shape material 200 is positioned between the first support tube 2 and test liquid container 1, and the injection test fluid in test liquid container 1, you can
Complete the assembling of measurement apparatus 100；Because of the both sides of flaky material 200, the flow of water to be present poor, and test fluid enters the by flaky material
Behind the side of one support tube 2, absorbed by hygroscopic material, it is measurable to obtain the test fluid amount change appeared from flaky material, so as to divide
Analysis draws the water penetration of flaky material.The permeable amount of the measurable different-thickness flaky material of the measurement apparatus 100, and structure letter
Single, cost of manufacture is relatively low.
Alternatively, above-mentioned test liquid container 1 can use various structures design, such as test liquid container 1 including hollow
Pipe 12, the top of hollow pipe 12 are provided with cover plate 13, after to injection test fluid in hollow pipe 12, can be covered on cover plate 13 hollow
On pipe 12.Specifically, cover plate 13 and hollow pipe 12 can be connected through a screw thread, hinge connection or gluing connection, it is preferable that the present invention
Cover plate 13 is connected by embodiment using adhesive means with hollow pipe 12, its good airproof performance, avoids external environment influence flaky material
The measurement result of water penetration.
Alternatively, it is the hollow pipe 12 that top is provided with plug to test liquid container 1, water inlet is opened up on plug, by entering
The mouth of a river can inject test fluid in hollow pipe 12, and water inlet is provided with closure, by closure by inlet seal, test fluid
Injection is simpler and easy to operate.
For some material (such as silicon rubber, available for the full skirt or shield made in composite insulator being applied in electric field
Set), it is necessary to measure the water permeability of material under the electric field.Therefore, it is flat also to include first for the measurement apparatus 100 of the embodiment of the present invention
The plate electrode 4 of plate electrode 3 and second, the first plate electrode 3 and power electric connection, the second plate electrode 4 are grounded, the first flat board electricity
Pole 3 is pressed on the upper surface of test liquid container 1, and the second plate electrode 4 is bonded with the lower surface of the first support tube 2, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show；Or first plate electrode 3 be bonded with the lower surface of the first support tube 2, second plate electrode 4 is pressed on test liquid container 1
Upper surface.Alternatively, above-mentioned power supply can be dc source, or AC power；First plate electrode 3 and the second flat board electricity
Pole 4 can use brass or aluminum to make.
Further, the second support tube 5 is provided between the first plate electrode 3 and the second plate electrode 4, test fluid is held
The support tube 2 of device 1 and first may be contained within the second support tube 5, and the second support tube 5 is used to support the first plate electrode 3 and second
Plate electrode 4, make support strength more reliable.
Based on above-described embodiment, hygroscopic material is set in the second support tube 5, the environment in the second support tube 5 is more connect
Nearly dry environment, the humidity in test device keep stable, not influenceed by the external environment of the second support tube 5.
Adhesive layer 6 is equipped with the lower surface of test liquid container 1 and the upper surface of the first support tube 2, when by flaky material
200 be positioned over test the support tube 2 of liquid container 1 and first between when, by adhesive layer 6 by flaky material 200 respectively with test fluid
Container 1, the first support tube 2 are fixedly connected, it is ensured that liquid container 1, flaky material 200, the first support tube 2 are tested in measurement process
Between position be relatively fixed, avoid weighing process from misplacing.Above-mentioned adhesive layer 6 can use RTV (Room
Temperature Vulcanized, room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber), RTV has good adhesive property, solidfied material electric insulating quality
Can be excellent, there is moistureproof shockproof function.
Further, encapsulant 7 is coated with the upper edge of the first support tube 2, improves the first support tube 2 and sheet material
Sealing between material 200.The encapsulant 7 is coated at the upper edge of the inwall of the first support tube 2 by the embodiment of the present invention, should
Encapsulant 7 can be silicone grease, and silicone grease has good waterproof seal, waterproof, solvent resistance and creep resistance energy, do not corrode gold
Category, has well adapting to property with rubber, is suitably applied the measurement of silastic material water penetration.
In order to further improve the sealing of test liquid container 1, sealant 8 is provided with the outer surface of test liquid container 1.When
By flaky material 200 be arranged at test the support tube 2 of liquid container 1 and first between when, above-mentioned sealant 8 can also be continued towards downward
Extend the surface of flaky material 200 and the outer surface of the first support tube 2 outside test liquid container 1 opening 11, measurement dress
Put 100 better tightness.
Above-mentioned sealant 8 is relatively thin, and sealing property is bad；Sealant 8 is too thick, waste of materials, therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention
The thickness for the sealant 8 for testing the outer surface of liquid container 1 is 5mm.Alternatively, above-mentioned sealant 8 is the mixing of paraffin and beeswax
Thing.
Alternatively, the test fluid in above-mentioned test liquid container 1 can be pure water, deionized water or acid-base salt solution, and selection is not
Same test fluid can obtain the water penetration of flaky material under different test fluids.The concentration of test fluid can also be changed, obtained different dense
Spend the water penetration of flaky material under test fluid.
Above-mentioned hygroscopic material can be molecular sieve, anhydrous calcium chloride or silica gel etc., it is preferable that the moisture absorption of the embodiment of the present invention
For material using the mixture of anhydrous calcium chloride and silica gel, anhydrous calcium chloride has a stronger hygroscopicity, silica gel have it is nontoxic, tasteless,
Corrosion-free, free of contamination advantage.
Above-mentioned first support tube 2, the second support tube 5 can use epoxy resin, lucite, quartz, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or
The materials such as ceramics make, it is preferable that the first support tube 2 and the second support tube 5 use quartz ampoule in the embodiment of the present invention, quartz
Pipe has the advantages of electrical insulation capability is good, heat endurance is good, is adapted to the water penetration of material in measurement high voltage electric field.In addition, entering
In row electric field during the water penetration measurement of material, test liquid container 1 should also use insulating materials to make, such as quartz material.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of measurement dress of flaky material water penetration for described in above-mentioned technical proposal
The measuring method put, comprises the following steps：Through certain time after measurement apparatus 100 is completed, hygroscopic material will be removed
Measurement apparatus 100 is positioned on meausring apparatus, and the quality for measuring initial time is m0；Inhaled after setting time, then by removing
The measurement apparatus 100 of wet stock is positioned on meausring apparatus, obtains at least one set of t and mt-m0Corresponding relation, wherein, t for survey
The moment is measured apart from the time of initial time, mtThe quality of the measurement apparatus 100 measured for the measurement moment；According to formulaThe permeable amount T of flaky material 200 is calculatedw.Wherein, S is that the internal diameter of the opening 11 of test liquid container is cut
Area, f (t) are by mt-m0With t determined by function, to represent the mass change through time t measurement apparatus.
The above-mentioned interval setting time repeatedly measured can be equal, can not also wait, and when such as measurement starts, was surveyed once every 1 day,
After measurement several times, surveyed once every 2 days.
For example, the permeable amount of test silicon rubber, the internal diameter of selection test liquid container 1 is 60mm, external diameter 70mm, silicon rubber
Test sample is truncated cone-shaped, its a diameter of 80mm, and the temperature in the first support tube 2 is 35 DEG C, humidity 6%, passes through above-mentioned survey
Amount method, obtain multigroup t and mt-m0Corresponding relation, be plotted in cartesian coordinate system, and control group is set, test specimens
Product are quartz plate, and other specification is identical, are measured by above-mentioned measuring method, and (Fig. 3 is hollow by the test result of control group
Heart circle) it is plotted in the cartesian coordinate system of silicon rubber test result (solid circles in Fig. 3), as shown in Figure 3.
If pendulous frequency is once, m is determined according to initial value and measured valuet-m0With t function f (t), f (t) is straight
Line, thereforeFor constant.If pendulous frequency is multiple, as the test result of silica gel sample in Fig. 3 is similar to straight line, line can be used
Property fit approach handled, certainly, for other materials, can also use nonlinear fitting mode to carry out data processing.Specifically
Ground, Fig. 3 measurement result can determine f (t) by least-squares algorithm linear fitting.F (t) is linear function, thereforeFor constant,
Further according to formulaThe permeable amount T of silicon rubber is calculatedwAlso it is constant.It is non-thread for fitting result f (t)
Property function, thenFor function, the permeable amount T of acquisition is calculatedwAlso it is function.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration, it is characterised in that including test liquid container and positioned at the test fluid
The first support tube below container, the bottom of the test liquid container are provided with opening, and the side wall of the test liquid container is located at institute
Above the tube wall for stating the first support tube, the lower surface of the test liquid container and the upper surface of first support tube are used to clamp
Flaky material, first support tube is interior to be provided with hygroscopic material.
2. the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the test liquid container bag
Hollow pipe and the cover plate being arranged at the top of the hollow pipe are included, after test fluid is injected in the hollow pipe, the cover plate lid
Together on the hollow pipe.
3. the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described test liquid container be
Top is provided with the hollow pipe of plug, offers water inlet on the plug, the water inlet is provided with closure.
4. the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including the first flat board electricity
Pole and the second plate electrode, first plate electrode and power electric connection, the second plate electrode ground connection, described first is flat
One in plate electrode and second plate electrode upper surface for being pressed on the test liquid container, another is with described first
The lower surface fitting of support tube.
5. the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration according to claim 4, it is characterised in that first plate electrode
The second support tube is provided between second plate electrode, the test liquid container and first support tube are respectively positioned on institute
State in the second support tube.
6. the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in second support tube
It is provided with hygroscopic material.
7. the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the test liquid container
Outer surface is provided with sealant.
8. the measurement apparatus of flaky material water penetration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the test liquid container
Test fluid be deionized water or acid-base salt solution.
9. the measurement apparatus of the flaky material water penetration according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that the hygroscopic material
For anhydrous calcium chloride and the mixture of silica gel.
10. a kind of measuring method of measurement apparatus for flaky material water penetration according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
It is characterised in that it includes following steps：
Through certain time after the measurement apparatus is completed, the measurement apparatus for removing the hygroscopic material is positioned over
On meausring apparatus, the quality for measuring initial time is m0；
It is positioned on the meausring apparatus, obtains after setting time, then by the measurement apparatus for removing the hygroscopic material
To at least one set of t and mt-m0Corresponding relation, wherein, t for measurement the moment apart from the time of the initial time, mtDuring to measure
Carve the quality of the measurement apparatus measured；
According to formulaThe permeable amount T of the flaky material is calculatedw, wherein, S is the test liquid container
Opening internal diameter sectional area, f (t) be by mt-m0With t determined by function, to represent the matter through measurement apparatus described in time t
Amount change.
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| CN201710731668.7A CN107560964A (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | A kind of measurement apparatus and its measuring method of flaky material water penetration |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113960422A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-21 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Device and method for testing water resistance of composite insulator sheath-core rod interface |
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