CN107558990B - Testing device for high-gas soft coal drilling slag yield and drilling deformation - Google Patents
Testing device for high-gas soft coal drilling slag yield and drilling deformation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for testing the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of high-gas soft coal, wherein a reactor box body (8) of the testing device is an airtight box body filled with soft coal (17), and the interior of the reactor box body (8) is connected with a safety pressure relief valve (13) and a vacuum pump (14) through a pipeline; a drilling protective film (9) is buried in a soft coal body (17) in a reactor box body (8), a water storage control and regulation device is communicated with the drilling protective film (9) through a first one-way control valve (5), a drainage measurement device is communicated with the drilling protective film (9) through a second one-way control valve (10), and a confining pressure control and regulation device is communicated with the interior of the reactor box body (8) through a high-pressure pipeline (4). The invention has the advantages that: the drilling of the high-gas soft coal under different pore sizes is truly simulated, and the dynamic change rule of the deformation of the drilling along with the gas content and the gas pressure can be accurately tested.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a testing device for coal seam drilling.
Background
Continuous slag discharge of underground high-gas soft coal bedding drilling is always a main problem influencing the drilling depth of the soft coal bedding. In the process of drilling the gas-containing soft coal, the coal body around the hole is subjected to the actions of gas pressure, ground stress, external load and the like, and the drilling structure is subjected to plastic deformation and even destruction. A large amount of coal slag generated by the deformation of the drill hole is gathered at different positions in the drill hole, so that the slag discharge of the soft coal bedding drill hole is blocked, and the drilling depth is limited.
As long as the high-gas soft coal bedding drilling slag yield and the residual coal slag amount in the hole can be tested, the in-hole slag production rule and the drilling deformation in the soft coal drilling process can be accurately mastered, the underground high-gas soft coal bedding deep hole drilling technical parameters are obtained, and the high-gas soft coal bedding deep hole forming is realized.
Chinese patent document CN104535422A discloses a device and method for simulation test of borehole deformation in 2015, 4.22.A simulation box containing similar materials of coal and rock and an upper pressure plate on the simulation box are provided, the front and rear side plates of the simulation box are symmetrically provided with a circular hole, the circular holes on the front and rear side plates are communicated through a borehole mold to form a simulation borehole environment, a capsule pressure sensor connected with a pressure guide pipe is provided in the simulation borehole, and the exposed end of the pressure guide pipe is respectively connected with a check valve and a pressure gauge through a tee; the method for testing the deformation of the drill hole comprises the steps of sending a capsule pressure sensor into the drill hole in a box body, applying stress to the drill hole, and synchronously recording the deformation of the drill hole and the reading of a pressure gauge to obtain the relation between the pressure and the deformation of the drill hole. The patent has problems that:
1. the similar materials of the coal rock body adopted in the patent are sand, gypsum, cement and water, and the strength of the built drill hole periphery is higher, so that the test precision is low;
2. the test method in the patent can only test the borehole deformation of the rock mass without gas coal, the strength of the rock mass without gas coal is higher than that of a high gas soft coal layer, the borehole deformation sensitivity of the rock mass without gas coal is far lower than that of a similar coal layer containing the high gas soft coal layer, the borehole shrinkage deformation test of the high gas soft coal body cannot be realized, and the test result does not have the borehole deformation common property of a typical gas-containing coal layer;
3. the method can not test the deformation of the drill hole under the conditions of different gas contents and gas pressures, only can qualitatively measure the deformation of the drill hole under the action of vertical stress, but under the actual condition, the vertical stress of the coal bed is almost unchanged, the coal bed is mainly acted by the gas pressure, the ground stress and the mining stress, and the test result of the method has no application value;
4. the method for testing the deformation of the drill hole by adopting the method for coating the label on the drill hole is adopted, the reading of the label is greatly influenced by the deformation of the drill hole, and the tiny deformation of the coal rock mass cannot be obtained by the test of the method. Meanwhile, the actual drilling hole is not very smooth in wall surface, cracks and pits with different sizes may exist, and the adopted observation ruler method cannot accurately test the deformation of the drilling hole;
5. the testing method of the patent needs to use a capsule pressure sensor, and the deformation of the drill hole is calculated by the capsule pressure, thereby increasing the complexity of the testing procedure and the structure of the device.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the existing simulation test drilling deformation test, the invention aims to provide a device for testing the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of high-gas soft coal, which can truly simulate the drilling of the high-gas soft coal under different aperture specifications and accurately test the dynamic change rule of the drilling deformation along with the gas content and the gas pressure.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the technical scheme, which comprises a reactor, a drilling deformation simulator, a water storage control and regulation device, a drainage measurement device and a confining pressure control and regulation device;
the reactor comprises a reactor box body, a safety pressure relief valve and a vacuum pump, wherein the reactor box body is an airtight box body filled with soft coal, and the inside of the reactor box body is connected with the safety pressure relief valve and the vacuum pump through pipelines;
the drilling deformation simulator is embedded in a soft coal body in the reactor box body and comprises a drilling protective film, a drilling calibrator and an adapter; the drilling protective film is a cylindrical high-strength plastic film, a drilling calibrator is sleeved in the drilling protective film, one open end of the drilling protective film is hermetically connected with an adapter, and the adapter is fixed on the side wall of the reactor box body and is used for being communicated with an external device;
the water storage control and regulation device comprises a water storage device, a booster pump and a first one-way control valve; the water accumulator is communicated with the drilling protective film through a booster pump and a first one-way control valve;
the drainage measuring device comprises a second one-way control valve and a liquid quantitative collecting tank, and the liquid quantitative collecting tank is communicated with a drilling hole protective film in the drilling hole deformation simulator through the second one-way control valve;
the confining pressure control and regulation device comprises a high-pressure gas storage tank, a pressure regulation safety ball valve, a pressure gauge and a high-pressure pipeline, wherein the high-pressure gas storage tank is communicated with the interior of the reactor box body through the high-pressure pipeline, and the pressure regulation safety ball valve and the pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure pipeline along the gas flow direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
1. the soft complex coal seam mining area coal body is adopted to manufacture a high-gas soft coal seam similar coal seam, the physical and mechanical properties of the similar coal seam and an underground real coal seam are more similar, and the drilling deformation characteristic of the soft coal seam can be accurately tested;
2. a similar coal seam of a soft coal seam containing high gas is adopted, so that the deformation characteristic rule of the underground coal seam containing gas is simulated more truly;
3. the conditions that the gas content, the gas pressure and the like are the same as or similar to the actual load of the coal bed are considered, and the test result is more reliable;
4. the drilling deformation is tested by adopting the volume change of the drilling deformation simulator, the micro volume deformation of the drilling hole can be tested, the testing method is more accurate, and the operation is simpler;
5. the drilling deformation quantity is avoided being obtained through capsule pressure calculation in the prior art, the drilling deformation quantity is directly determined according to the change of the volume of the fluid in the drilling deformation simulator, the testing means is simple and convenient, and the testing precision is high.
Drawings
The drawings of the invention are illustrated as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the reactor of FIG. 1;
figure 3 is a view of an adapter structural assembly;
figure 4 is a block diagram of the adapter and reactor box combination.
In the figure: 1. a high-pressure gas storage tank; 2. a pressure regulating safety ball valve; 3. a pressure gauge; 4. a high pressure line; 5. a first one-way control valve; 6. a booster pump; 7. a water reservoir; 8. a reactor box; 9. drilling a protective film; 10. a second one-way control valve; 11. a liquid quantitative collection tank; 12. drilling a hole shaper; 13. a safety pressure relief valve; 14. a vacuum pump; 15. a fluid; 16. high-pressure gas; 17. softening the coal body; 20. an adapter; 21. the adapter body; 22. a sealing cover; 23. locking the nut; 24. a first sealing joint; 25. a second sealing joint.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
the conception of the invention is as follows: the method comprises the steps of adopting volume change of fluid in a drill hole as measurement data of drill hole deformation, drilling holes in a bedding manner after preparing a high-gas soft coal sample to form a high-gas soft coal drill hole with a certain depth and diameter, and obtaining dynamic change rules of drill hole deformation and slag yield of the high-gas soft coal along with gas content and gas pressure of the soft coal according to the deformation of the high-gas soft coal sample under the action of external load.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the testing device for the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of the high-gas soft coal comprises a reactor, a drilling deformation simulator, a water storage control and adjustment device, a drainage measurement device and a confining pressure control and adjustment device;
the reactor comprises a reactor box body 8, a safety relief valve 13 and a vacuum pump 14, wherein the reactor box body 8 is an airtight box body filled with soft coal 17, the interior of the reactor box body 8 is connected with the safety relief valve 13 and the vacuum pump 14 through pipelines, the vacuum pump 14 is used for vacuumizing the interior of the reactor box body 8 before a gas-containing coal sample is prepared, the safety relief valve 13 is used for relieving pressure when the pressure in the reactor box body 8 is higher than a limit value, and the experimental safety is ensured, the reactor is provided with a visible window, the volume of the visible window is 1 cubic meter, and the prepared gas-containing soft coal 17 has the volume of 1m × 1m × 1 m.
The drilling deformation simulator is embedded in a soft coal body 17 in a reactor box body 8 and comprises a drilling protective film 9, a drilling calibrator 12 and an adapter 20; the drilling protection film 9 is a cylindrical high-strength plastic film, a drilling shaper 12 is sleeved in the drilling protection film 9, one open end of the drilling protection film is hermetically connected with the adapter 20, and the adapter 20 is fixed on the side wall of the reactor box body 8 and is used for communicating with an external device;
the protective film 9 is a high-strength plastic film, such as Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE), and can bear a certain static pressure. The drilling shaper 12 is a metal rod matched with the diameter specification of the drilling protective film 9, and plays a supporting role when the reactor box body 8 is filled with soft coal bodies 17.
As shown in figure 3, the adapter 20 includes an adapter body 21, a seal cap 22 and a lock nut 23; the adapter body 21 is a cylinder with a flanging base, the locking nut 23 is sleeved on the periphery of the adapter body 21 in a threaded mode, the first sealing joint 24 is arranged on the front portion of the adapter body 21, the sealing cover 22 is sleeved in a center hole in the front end of the adapter body 21 in a threaded mode, and the second sealing joint 25 is arranged on the sealing cover 22.
As shown in fig. 4, the adapter 20 is fixed on the sidewall of the reactor tank 8, and is pressed by the lock nut 23, and seal rings are padded between the adapter 20 and the inner wall of the reactor tank 8 and between the lock nut 23 and the outer wall of the reactor tank 8. After the filling of the soft coal 17 in the reactor box 8 is completed, the drilling shaper 12 is drawn out from the central channel of the adapter 20, the sealing cover 22 is sealed, and the water storage control and adjustment device is used for filling the fluid 15 from the first sealing joint 24 to the drilling protection film 9, so as to form a simulated drilling hole. Under the action of the gas content and the gas pressure, the deformation of the drilled hole is measured by communicating the second sealing joint 25 with a drainage measuring device.
The water storage control and regulation device comprises a water storage device 7, a booster pump 6 and a first one-way control valve 5; the water accumulator 7 is communicated with the drilling protective film 9 through the booster pump 6 and the first one-way control valve 5;
after the reactor is used for preparing the coal body containing gas, pumping the fluid in the water storage device 7 into the drilling deformation simulator after passing through the booster pump 6 and the first one-way control valve 5; the booster pump 6 is started to increase the internal pressure of the reactor, the drill hole protective film 9 in the reactor deforms under the load action,
the drilling protection film 9 in the drilling deformation simulator is controlled by the water storage control and regulation device to pump liquid, the safety pressure of the first one-way control valve 5 is set to be 5MPa, the fluid 15 in the water storage device 7 is pumped into the drilling protection film 9 through the booster pump 6, and when the pump pressure is increased, the drilling protection film 9 is full of liquid. The first one-way control valve 5 ensures that liquid in the drilling deformation simulator cannot flow back into the water reservoir 7, and the drilling deformation simulator can keep a certain pressure so as to prevent the drilling protection film 9 from deforming when not externally loaded.
The drainage measuring device comprises a second one-way control valve 10 and a liquid quantitative collecting tank 11, wherein the liquid quantitative collecting tank 11 is communicated with a drilling hole protective film 9 in the drilling hole deformation simulator through the second one-way control valve 10;
the drilling protective film 9 deforms under the action of external load (gas content or pressure change), and liquid in the drilling protective film 9 is discharged into a liquid quantitative collecting tank 11 through a one-way control valve 10.
The liquid quantitative collecting tank 11 is a container with scales and has the function of sealing and pressure maintaining, and the liquid volume in the collecting tank is tested and discharged, so that the drilling deformation of the high-gas soft coal is obtained.
The confining pressure control and regulation device comprises a high-pressure gas storage tank 1, a pressure regulation safety ball valve 2, a pressure gauge 3 and a high-pressure pipeline 4, wherein the high-pressure gas storage tank 1 is communicated with the interior of a reactor tank body 8 through the high-pressure pipeline 4, and the pressure regulation safety ball valve 2 and the pressure gauge 3 are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure pipeline 4 along the gas flow direction.
The gas content and the gas pressure in the reactor are controlled by a confining pressure control and regulation device, the initial pressure of the gas in a high-pressure gas storage tank is 10MPa, and the pressure change in the reactor is dynamically monitored in real time by a pressure gauge 3 in the pilot-production process of the soft coal containing the gas.
The dynamic test of the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of the high-gas soft coal by using the test device of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting storage parameters of a high-gas soft coal sample, including coal strength, gas content and gas pressure;
the high gas soft coal sample in the place is typical high gas soft coal in a sponge mining area, the sample storage property parameter is a known parameter, the early stage of mining in the mining area is tested and finished, and related data are recorded.
Step 2, preparing the high gas soft coal sample according to the coal body strength of the high gas soft coal sample;
the coal sample is loaded into a reactor box body 8 layer by layer, and is tamped and pressurized layer by layer to half of the height of the reactor box body, then a drilling shaper 12 is sleeved into a drilling protective film 9, the drilling shaper is horizontally placed on the surface of the coal layer sample, the drilling protective film is sealed, the soft coal sample is continuously filled layer by layer and tamped until the reactor box body 8 is filled with the coal sample, a cover plate of the reactor box body 8 is sealed, and the reactor box body 8 is vacuumized by a vacuum pump 14.
Step 3, simulating the condition of the underground high-gas soft coal layer according to the gas content and the gas pressure of the high-gas soft coal sample;
inflating the prepared high-gas soft coal sample by using a high-pressure gas storage tank 1, a pressure regulating safety ball valve 2 and a high-pressure pipeline 4, keeping the pressure in a reactor box body 8 at 10MPa, indicating that the soft coal sample is in an adsorption process when the reading of a pressure gauge 3 begins to decline, stopping gas input after standing for 120h, and testing the gas content (4 m) of the soft coal sample in the reactor box body3/t～12m3And t), reading of a pressure gauge 3 at the moment is the gas pressure of the soft coal sample.
Step 4, forming a drill hole of the high-gas soft coal seam by using a drill hole deformation simulator;
the drilling calibrator 12 is taken out through a central passage on the adapter 20, the sealing cover 22 of the adapter is immediately screwed after the drilling calibrator is taken out, clear water in the water reservoir 7 is pumped into the drilling protection film 9 by adopting the booster pump 6, the first one-way control valve 5 and a high-pressure pipeline, the pumping pressure is kept to be 5MPa, when the pressure of the booster pump 6 is increased, the drilling protection film 9 is completely filled by the clear water, and the booster pump 6 and the drilling protection film 9 are closed.
Step 5, increasing gas pressure by using a confining pressure control and adjustment device, and recording the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation corresponding to the gas pressure;
and closing the second one-way control valve 10, opening the pressure regulating safety ball valve 2 to slowly increase the pressure in the high reactor, recording the real-time numerical value and the dynamic change of the pressure gauge 3, keeping a certain pressure in the reactor box body 8, then opening the second one-way control valve 10, and measuring the volume of the fluid discharged to the collecting tank 11 to obtain the drilling slag yield. As shown in fig. 2, the gaps of the soft coal 17 are filled with high-pressure gas 16.
The fluid inside the protective film 9 deforms under the action of an external load, and is discharged into the quantitative liquid collecting tank 11, and the volume of the discharged fluid is recorded. According to the volume invariance principle, the slag yield of the drill hole of the high-gas soft coal seam is the same as the volume of the liquid discharged from the inside of the protective film of the drill hole.
The liquid quantitative collecting tank 11 is a container with scales, the volume of fluid is measured by the liquid quantitative collecting tank 11, the volume of the fluid is equal to the drilling slag yield, and the drilling deformation is defined as the ratio of the drilling slag yield to the drilling deformation simulator volume. The larger the ratio is, the more serious the deformation of the drill hole of the high-gas soft coal body is, and the more high-gas coal cinder is in the drill hole.
In addition, on the basis of the test method, the following steps are followed:
step 6, changing the diameter of the drilled hole, repeating the steps 2 to 5, and testing the deformation of the drilled hole of the high-gas soft coal sample;
and 7, drawing a dynamic change curvature line of the deformation of the drilling hole while drilling the diameter of the drilling hole, the gas content and the gas pressure.
And analyzing the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of the bedding high-gas soft coal to obtain the dynamic change rule of the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of different diameters of the high-gas soft coal along with the gas pressure and the gas content.
Through the tests in the steps, the drilling slag yield and drilling deformation dynamic test flow standard of the high-gas soft coal seam can be worked out.
Claims (4)
1. A testing device for the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of high-gas soft coal comprises a reactor, a drilling deformation simulator, a water storage control and adjustment device, a drainage measuring device and a confining pressure control and adjustment device; the method is characterized in that:
the reactor comprises a reactor box body (8), a safety pressure release valve (13) and a vacuum pump (14), wherein the reactor box body (8) is an airtight box body filled with soft coal bodies (17), and the inside of the reactor box body (8) is connected with the safety pressure release valve (13) and the vacuum pump (14) through a pipeline;
the drilling deformation simulator is buried in a soft coal body (17) in a reactor box body (8) and comprises a drilling protective film (9), a drilling calibrator (12) and an adapter (20); the drilling protection film (9) is a cylindrical high-strength plastic film, a drilling shaper (12) is sleeved in the drilling protection film (9), one open end of the drilling protection film is hermetically connected with the adapter (20), and the adapter (20) is fixed on the side wall of the reactor box body (8) and is used for being communicated with an external device;
the water storage control and regulation device comprises a water storage device (7), a booster pump (6) and a first one-way control valve (5), wherein the water storage device (7) is communicated with a drilling hole protection film (9) through the booster pump (6) and the first one-way control valve (5);
the drainage measuring device comprises a second one-way control valve (10) and a liquid quantitative collecting tank (11), wherein the liquid quantitative collecting tank (11) is communicated with a drilling hole protective film (9) in the drilling hole deformation simulator through the second one-way control valve (10);
confining pressure control adjusting device include high-pressure gas holder (1), pressure adjustment safety ball valve (2), manometer (3) and high-pressure line (4), inside high-pressure gas holder (1) was put through reactor box (8) by high-pressure line (4), be equipped with pressure adjustment safety ball valve (2) and manometer (3) along the gas flow direction in proper order on high-pressure line (4).
2. The device for testing the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of the high-gas soft coal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the drilling protection film (9) is a high-strength plastic film, and the drilling calibrator (12) is a metal rod matched with the diameter specification of the drilling protection film (9).
3. The device for testing the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of the high-gas soft coal as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the adapter (20) comprises an adapter body (21), a sealing cover (22) and a locking nut (23); the adapter body (21) is a cylinder with a flanging base, the locking nut (23) is sleeved on the periphery of the adapter body (21) in a threaded mode, a first sealing joint (24) is installed on the front portion of the adapter body (21), the sealing cover (22) is sleeved in a center hole in the front end of the adapter body (21) in a threaded mode, and a second sealing joint (25) is installed on the sealing cover (22).
4. The device for testing the drilling slag yield and the drilling deformation of the high-gas soft coal as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the liquid quantitative collecting tank (11) is a container with scales.
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| CN201710705061.1A CN107558990B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Testing device for high-gas soft coal drilling slag yield and drilling deformation |
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