CN107557528B - A kind of molten steel temperature regulation method and device thereof - Google Patents
A kind of molten steel temperature regulation method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107557528B CN107557528B CN201710751579.9A CN201710751579A CN107557528B CN 107557528 B CN107557528 B CN 107557528B CN 201710751579 A CN201710751579 A CN 201710751579A CN 107557528 B CN107557528 B CN 107557528B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of regulation device of molten steel temperature, the regulation device is applied to vacuum drying oven, including displacement sensor, infrared temperature measurement apparatus, data processing controller and power governor.Also disclose a kind of method of molten steel temperature, this method can be used in vacuum drying oven melting or casting process, make that molten steel temperature fluctuating range is small in production process or molten steel temperature T is constant by way of intelligent control output power, guarantees the safety of equipment and the performance of product.This method design is simple, is skillfully constructed, it is easy to realize molten steel temperature intelligent control.Device simple possible, it is practical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vacuum induction melting furnace technical fields, regulate and control method and its dress more particularly to a kind of molten steel temperature
It sets.
Background technique
In metallurgy industry, vacuum induction melting is preferred one of melting technique, and vacuum induction melting is one kind true
Using electromagnetic inductive heating principle come the process of molten alloy under empty condition.
In melting and casting process, temperature control is the critical control point of relevant treatment technique, the direct shadow of molten steel temperature
Ring the safety of the performance and equipment to alloy.Guarantee the actual constituent and theoretical basic indifference, guarantee alloying component of alloy
Uniformly, fluctuating range is small etc. when reaching target temperature requires regulation molten steel temperature.Accuracy controlling molten steel temperature can also effectively drop
Low system energy consumption improves economy.
In fusion process, target temperature is reached again from feed states to molten steel state is molten into, for certain mass
Molten steel, temperature are changing, and output power can also change, therefore need power, control molten steel temperature；In casting process, molten steel
Quality constantly reduce, molten steel temperature needs keep constant, power just needs to make change, also just needs intelligent control output work
Rate controls molten steel temperature.
In the prior art, it by thermocouple temperature measurement, then manually adjusts, it is this simple pre- using measurement data progress temperature
The method of survey has apparent hysteresis quality, causes temperature fluctuation larger, seriously affects the safety of equipment and the performance of product.
Laiwu Iron & Steel Group Electronic Co., Ltd. discloses a kind of with the VD furnace of molten steel temperature control device and its control
Method (CN 105779702A).The inhomogeneities that molten steel temperature distribution is adjusted by way of injection pipe Argon, when temperature is lower than
After average water horizontal line, the temperature of starting heating power adjustment molten steel.This device is only used in high temperature steel-making, and temperature mistake
Height can make the safety of equipment that cannot ensure, and can increase energy consumption too much.This device is excessively complicated, there is also
Molten steel temperature adjustment lags behind the case where molten steel temperature decline.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a kind of method and devices of molten steel temperature intelligent control.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is improving molten steel temperature in melting casting process to fluctuate too big problem, a kind of molten steel is provided
The regulation method and device of temperature.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of regulation device of molten steel temperature, the regulation device are applied to vacuum drying oven, including displacement sensor, infrared survey
Warm device, data processing controller and power governor, infrared temperature measurement apparatus and displacement sensor are fixed by the bracket in earthenware
On crucible, it is connected by transmission line with the data processing controller input terminal outside vacuum drying oven, the output end connection of data processing controller
In power governor；
The infrared temperature measurement apparatus includes the temperature-measuring duct of one end insertion molten steel, the thermometric being connected with the temperature-measuring duct other end
Instrument, the snorkel being connected by temperature-measuring duct upper end air inlet, drives the driving device of temperature-measuring duct.
The present invention is in the top of molten steel setting infrared temperature measurement apparatus and displacement sensor, fusion process, infrared measurement of temperature dress
Temperature feedback will be measured to data processing controller by setting, and be analyzed through Fast simulation, regulate and control output power by power governor, it is ensured that
Molten steel temperature is within safe range and fluctuating range is small；In casting process, molten steel in the unit time is measured by displacement sensor
The temperature that the height and infrared temperature measurement apparatus of liquid level decline measure feeds back to data processing controller, analyzes through Fast simulation,
It can intelligent control output power, it is ensured that molten steel temperature remains constant.
Preferably, the displacement sensor selects high accuracy displacement sensor, and high sensitivity, feedback speed is fast, can be quasi-
It really measures the height that molten steel liquid level declines in the unit time and timely feedbacks.
Infrared temperature measurement apparatus of the present invention, which is in, to be had in the vacuum drying oven of dense smoke, smog serious interference, using continuously leading to thermometric
The method of pipe ventilation, enables and passes through dense smoke in melting or casting process mid-infrared light beam signal, feed back to connection temperature measurer.
Preferably, the gas led in the snorkel is inert gas, further preferably, selects argon gas, ventilation pressure
Power is 80~100mbar.Venting pressure causes greatly very much vacuum furnace pressure to reduce, and influences to smelt and cast state；Venting pressure
It is too small, it is not easy that endotracheal smog will be protected to drain when flue gas is too dense, influences thermometric optical path, so that test failure.
Temperature-measuring duct is under the action of Long Time Thermal radiates, easily aging scaling loss, leads to the reduction of thermometric accuracy rate, causes to survey
Warm conduit is scrapped.Preferably, the temperature-measuring duct outer cover is equipped with cooling tube, temperature-measuring duct is dropped using cooling tube
Temperature extends the service life of temperature-measuring duct.
Preferably, the cooling tube is the coil pipe being sleeved on outside temperature-measuring duct, and the pressure for managing interior cooling medium is 0.1
~0.5Mpa, cooling medium are water.
Further preferably, the cooling tube is located at one end that temperature-measuring duct is contacted with molten steel, and apart from molten steel liquid level with
Upper 10~20mm.
Preferably, the cooling tube selects material that is corrosion-resistant, not reacting with molten steel, and further preferably, described is cold
But the material of pipe is high temperature stainless steel.
Preferably, the temperature-measuring duct selects material that is corrosion-resistant, not reacting with molten steel, further preferably, described
The material of temperature-measuring duct is ceramics.
Preferably, the diameter of the temperature-measuring duct is 10~50mm.The diameter of temperature-measuring duct and the ventilation pressure of snorkel
Power matches, and the diameter of temperature-measuring duct is too small, then venting pressure is also too small；The diameter of temperature-measuring duct is excessive, then venting pressure
It is excessive, while the size of the emission port according to temperature measurer, the temperature-measuring duct for choosing the diameter range can save ventilatory capacity.
Preferably, the driving device includes telescopic rod, and one end of telescopic rod is connect with temperature measurer, the other end and flexible
Controller connection, expansion controller are fixed by bracket and crucible.
The height of molten steel liquid level can change in casting process, and the expansion controller can be according to molten steel liquid level
It is flexible that telescopic rod is adjusted in time, to guarantee that temperature-measuring duct lower end can contact the liquid level of molten steel always.
The temperature measurer selects high-precision, can accurate, continuous temperature measurement infrared radiation thermometer, temperature measurement accuracy is ± 1 DEG C,
The infrared beam signal of sending reaches molten steel back reflection by temperature-measuring duct and returns temperature measurer.Infrared radiation thermometer is believed with Quick Acquisition
Number, processing data ability, infrared radiation signal can be converted into corresponding electric signal and exported to data processing controller.
The data processing controller is computer (PC), can be according to the temperature and displacement sensing that infrared temperature measurement apparatus measures
The height that molten steel liquid level declines in the unit time that device measures carries out Fast simulation calculating, and establishes database, calculates required
Output power obtains compensation power, intelligent control power governor.
The present invention also provides a kind of regulation methods that molten steel temperature is carried out using above-mentioned regulation device, comprising:
(1) in fusion process, the molten steel temperature data feedback measured infrared temperature measurement apparatus in real time by transmission line is extremely
Data processing controller outside vacuum drying oven, data processing controller carry out analytical calculation to data, obtain output power, and pass through
Power governor is regulated and controled；
(2) in casting process, the height that molten steel liquid level declines in the unit time, infrared measurement of temperature dress are measured by displacement sensor
The molten steel temperature measured in real time is set, by transmission line by the data processing controller outside the data feedback to vacuum drying oven measured, is counted
Analytical calculation is carried out to data according to processing controller, obtains output power, and regulated and controled by power governor.
Fusion process: melting starts, full power power transmission, after raw material all fusing, needs to adjust power, in this process
Room temperature of the middle temperature by when melting is constant to changing to.
The sum of the heat that fusion process total power consumption is equal to the heat of molten steel consumption and cooling water guides, is addressed further under as list
The total mark of power consumption is equal to the integral for the heat that molten steel needs consume in the time of position and unit time cooling water flow multiplies with temperature
The sum of long-pending integral.
Casting process: molten steel temperature remains unchanged, and as quality of molten steel declines, dynamic adjusts output power, output power
Decline.
The sum of the heat that casting process total power consumption is equal to the heat of molten steel consumption and cooling water guides, is addressed further under as list
The total mark of power consumption multiplies equal to the integral and unit time cooling water flow and temperature of the heat that molten steel needs consume in the time of position
Long-pending integral and.
Preferably, in step (1), it is known that the gross mass and molten steel target temperature of molten steel are measured by infrared temperature measurement apparatus
Molten steel temperature when a certain moment, heat needed for can calculating to be heated to target temperature in the unit time and in the unit time it is cooling
Water guide heat and value, thus can get the unit time in compensate power；It is simulated again by finite element analysis software
It corrects, inscribes output power when establishing the database including each ingredient smelting technology, and then can get this, pass through power governor
Real-time intelligent regulation is carried out until reach target molten steel temperature to output power, it is ensured that molten steel temperature is within safe range and wave
Dynamic amplitude is small；
Wherein, the heat that cooling water guides in the unit time can be obtained by the Fitting Calculations such as the temperature of cooling water and flows.
Preferably, in step (2), the starting output power of casting molten steel is obtained after the melting, according to displacement sensing
The height that molten steel liquid level declines in the unit time that device measures, is calculated the quality of remaining molten steel, and then learn the unit time
The heat that interior residue molten steel needs to consume, the heat that cooling water guides in the bonding unit time can be in the unit of account time
Compensate power, can get the output power at the moment, according to output power can by power regulator real-time monitoring output power,
Make consumption as the heat of compensation, so that it is guaranteed that molten steel temperature is constant, realizes intelligent control.
Compared with prior art, outstanding behaviours is the following:
(1) have a wide range of application, can be used in field of metallurgy various industries, it being capable of intelligent control molten steel temperature；
(2) hysteresis quality for eliminating manual adjustment power reduces personnel's utilization rate when regulation power instead of artificial,
The safety for having ensured personnel and equipment ensure that the performance of product；
(3) high degree of automation, cost is relatively low, and application prospect is wide.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the regulation device of molten steel temperature of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of infrared temperature measurement apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the regulation process of data processor of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, present invention is further described in detail with embodiment, it should be pointed out that reality as described below
It applies example to be intended to convenient for the understanding of the present invention, and does not play any restriction effect to it.
The appended drawing reference of Fig. 1~2 are as follows: 1- displacement sensor, 2- infrared temperature measurement apparatus, 3- data processing controller, 4- are passed
Defeated line, 5- power governor, 6- molten steel, the cooling coil of 7-, 8- crucible, 9- vacuum drying oven.
201- expansion controller, 202- telescopic rod, 203- temperature measurer, 204- snorkel, 205- cooling tube, 206- thermometric are led
Pipe.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of regulation device of molten steel temperature includes: displacement sensor 1, infrared temperature measurement apparatus 2, at data
Controller 3 and power governor 5 are managed, infrared temperature measurement apparatus 2 and displacement sensor 1 are fixed on crucible 8 by branch 10, by passing
Defeated line 4 is connected with 3 input terminal of data processing controller outside vacuum drying oven 9, and the output end of data processing controller 3 is connected to power
Adjuster 5；
As shown in Fig. 2, infrared temperature measurement apparatus 2 includes the temperature-measuring duct 206 of one end insertion molten steel 6, it is another with temperature-measuring duct 206
The connected temperature measurer 203 in one end, the snorkel 204 being connected by 206 upper end air inlet of temperature-measuring duct drive temperature-measuring duct 206
Driving device.
The precision of displacement sensor 1 is 1mm, feedback time 0.01s.
Temperature-measuring duct 206 selects high-purity good ceramic tube, caliber 25mm.
206 outer cover of temperature-measuring duct is equipped with cooling tube 205, and cooling tube 205 is high temperature stainless steel coil pipe, and caliber isCooling water pressure is 0.3Mpa in managing, 205 one end of cooling tube around 15 circles immediately around in temperature-measuring duct 206, with survey
The distance from bottom of warm conduit 206 is 20mm.
Snorkel 204 selects super heated rubber pipe, and caliber specification isGuan Zhongtong argon gas, pressure 80mbar.
The driving device includes telescopic rod 202, and one end of telescopic rod 202 is connect with temperature measurer 203, the other end with stretch
Contracting controller 201 connects, and expansion controller 201 is fixed by bracket 10 and crucible 8.Telescopic rod 202 selects stainless steel multiple axle
Set.
Temperature measurer 203 selects the infrared radiation thermometer of high precision measuring temperature element, and trueness error is ± 1 DEG C, thermometric maximum range
It is 1600 DEG C.Infrared radiation signal, can be converted into relatively by the ability that infrared radiation thermometer has Quick Acquisition signal, handles data
The electric signal answered is exported to data processing controller 3.
Data processing controller 3 is computer (PC), has quick analyzing and processing data, the characteristic of simulation, can establish number
It, can direct regulation and control power governor 5 according to library.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of regulation method for carrying out molten steel temperature using above-mentioned regulation device, comprising:
(1) during smelting furnace, starting output power is P0, the temperature of 2 real-time detection molten steel 6 of infrared temperature measurement apparatus, survey
6 temperature of molten steel is obtained by the feedback of transmission line 4 to the data processing controller 3 outside vacuum drying oven 9, data processing controller 3 is to data
Carry out analytical calculation, it is known that the gross mass M and molten steel target temperature T of molten steelm, a certain moment is measured by infrared temperature measurement apparatus 2
When molten steel temperature Ti, can calculate in the acquisition unit time and be heated to target temperature TmRequired heat Q1With cooling in the unit time
The heat Q that water guides2And value ∑ Q1, wherein the heat Q that cooling water guides in the unit time2It can be by the temperature and stream of cooling water
The Fitting Calculations such as amount obtain, and power Δ P is compensated in the unit time to can get1.It is carried out by ansys finite element analysis software
Simulation amendment, the database of the correlates such as heat versus temperature-power is established by experimental data, when combined data library obtains this
Inscribe output power Pm, real-time intelligent regulation is carried out until reaching target molten steel temperature to output power by power governor 5
Tm, it can be ensured that molten steel temperature is within safe range and fluctuating range is small or even stable.
(2) in casting process, starting output power is P1, the temperature of 2 real-time detection molten steel 6 of infrared temperature measurement apparatus, position
Displacement sensor 1 measures the height that 6 liquid level of molten steel in the unit time declines, by transmission line 4 by the data feedback measured to vacuum
Data processing controller 3 outside furnace 9, data processing controller 3 carry out analytical calculation to data, obtain output power, and pass through
Power governor 5 is regulated and controled.
In casting process, the starting output power P of casting molten steel is obtained after the melting1, surveyed by displacement sensor 1
The height Δ h for obtaining 6 liquid level of molten steel decline in the unit time, feeds back to data processing controller 3, to obtain the moment residue steel
The quality of liquid, the heat Q for needing to consume by molten steel remaining in the unit of account time3The heat guided with cooling water in the unit time
Measure Q4And value ∑ Q2, to calculate the compensation power Δ P in the unit time2, can get the output power P at the moment2, root
According to output power P2It can make consumption as the heat of compensation by 5 real-time monitoring output power of power regulator, so that it is guaranteed that
Molten steel temperature is constant, realizes intelligent control.This method design is simple, is skillfully constructed, it is easy to realize molten steel temperature intelligent control.
Device simple possible, it is practical.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of regulation device of molten steel temperature, the regulation device is applied to vacuum drying oven, which is characterized in that including displacement sensing
Device, infrared temperature measurement apparatus, data processing controller and power governor, infrared temperature measurement apparatus and displacement sensor pass through bracket
Be fixed on crucible, be connected by transmission line with the data processing controller input terminal outside vacuum drying oven, data processing controller it is defeated
Outlet is connected to power governor；
The infrared temperature measurement apparatus include one end insertion molten steel temperature-measuring duct, the temperature measurer being connected with the temperature-measuring duct other end,
The snorkel being connected by temperature-measuring duct upper end air inlet, drives the driving device of temperature-measuring duct；Outside the temperature-measuring duct
Be set with cooling tube, the cooling tube is the coil pipe being sleeved on outside temperature-measuring duct, manage in cooling medium pressure be 0.1~
0.5Mpa, cooling medium are water；The gas led in snorkel is argon gas, and venting pressure is 80~100mbar；
The data processing controller is computer, the list that the temperature and displacement sensor measured according to infrared temperature measurement apparatus measures
The height of molten steel liquid level decline carries out Fast simulation calculating in the time of position, and establishes database, calculates required output power, obtains
To compensation power, power governor is controlled；Specific regulation method is as follows:
(1) in fusion process, it is known that the gross mass and molten steel target temperature of molten steel measure certain for the moment by infrared temperature measurement apparatus
Molten steel temperature when quarter, heat needed for can calculating to be heated to target temperature in the unit time and cooling water guides in the unit time
Heat and value, thus can get the unit time in compensate power；Simulation amendment is carried out by finite element analysis software again, is built
Output power is inscribed when founding the database including each ingredient smelting technology, and then can get this, by power governor to output
Power carries out real-time intelligent regulation until reach target molten steel temperature, it is ensured that molten steel temperature is within safe range and fluctuating range
It is small；
(2) in casting process, the starting output power of casting molten steel is obtained after the melting, is measured according to displacement sensor
Unit time in the decline of molten steel liquid level height, the quality of remaining molten steel is calculated, and then learn in the unit time remaining
Molten steel needs the heat consumed, the heat that cooling water guides in the bonding unit time, can be with the compensation function in the unit of account time
Rate can get the output power at the moment, can make to consume by power regulator real-time monitoring output power according to output power
As the heat of compensation, so that it is guaranteed that molten steel temperature is constant, intelligent control is realized.
2. the regulation device of molten steel temperature according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diameter of the temperature-measuring duct is
10~50mm.
3. the regulation device of molten steel temperature according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the driving device includes flexible
One end of bar, telescopic rod is connect with temperature measurer, and the other end is connect with expansion controller, and expansion controller is solid by bracket and crucible
It is fixed.
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| CN111957911B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-08-24 | 浙江英洛华磁业有限公司 | Heat preservation power adjusting method during neodymium iron boron smelting and casting |
| CN114646215B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-12-15 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Control method for aluminum liquid temperature of aluminum alloy casting and rolling heat preservation furnace |
| TWI827485B (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-12-21 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Method for predicting temperature of molten steel within tundish |
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