CN107555747A - A kind of environment-friendly treatment method that city sewage and sludge is carried out using microorganism formulation - Google Patents

A kind of environment-friendly treatment method that city sewage and sludge is carried out using microorganism formulation Download PDF

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CN107555747A
CN107555747A CN201710998873.XA CN201710998873A CN107555747A CN 107555747 A CN107555747 A CN 107555747A CN 201710998873 A CN201710998873 A CN 201710998873A CN 107555747 A CN107555747 A CN 107555747A
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sludge
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CN107555747B (en
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赵灿根
吴元产
袁明祥
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Jiangsu Chaori Purification Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of environment-friendly treatment method that city sewage and sludge is carried out using microorganism formulation, comprise the steps:Step 1:Total organic carbon is carried out to pending mud and full nitrogen is detected and adjusted;Step 2:Seed sludge microbiological garbage treatment agent;Step 3:Add the anaerobic activated sludge anaerobic fermentation from methane-generating pit;Step 4:Iron filings are added to continue to react.The inventive method can greatly improve equal volume sludge and produce methane content, increase sludge utilization rate, promote the reduction of carbon dioxide to discharge, beneficial to industrialized production.

Description

A kind of environment-friendly treatment method that city sewage and sludge is carried out using microorganism formulation
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbial technology field, and in particular to a kind of to carry out city sewage and sludge using microorganism formulation Environment-friendly treatment method.
Background technology
Sludge from wastewater treatment plant is main secondary pollution caused by sewage disposal.National dewatered sludge during 12 Yield 7,000,000~12,000,000 ton/year.The so huge sludge of quantity such as cannot be disposed properly, environment will be caused serious Secondary pollution.Sludge be it is a kind of be made up of organic debris, microorganism, inorganic particle, colloid etc. it is extremely complex heterogeneous Body, the key property of sludge are moisture content height, and content of organics is high, easily degenerate smelly, and particle is thinner, and proportion is smaller, Jelly liquid, it is the concentrated thing between liquid and solid, can be transported with pump, but it is difficult to be consolidated by sedimentation Liquid separates.The biological treatment of sludge includes Aerobic Process for Treatment, fermentation and anaerobic digestion.
Specific resistance to filtration method before mainly includes landfill, burning and ocean dumping.The major defect of these methods For:1st, land resource is deficient, is available for the place of landfill extremely limited;If the local hydrology and orographic condition are poor, landfill production Raw percolate and foul smell meeting polluted underground water, cause the propagation of physiological maladies.2nd, burn investment and operating cost is higher, plan Implementation is more difficult, and flying dust, clinker and flue gas are produced in burning process to cause secondary pollution to atmospheric environment;Burning can also be led The useful component in sludge is caused sufficiently to utilize.3rd, ocean dumping processing causes the marine site of large area contaminated, finally Cause the destruction of whole marine ecosystems.
Anaerobic sludge digestion is sludge treatment technique widely used at present, is referred under anaerobic, by facultative anaerobic bacteria And carbohydrate, protein, the organic matter such as fat contained by obligate anaerobe degraded sludge, and produce the energy gas of characteristic The process of body biogas (methane and carbon dioxide).Anaerobic digestion can typically be divided into two links of hydrolysis acidification and methanation.Water Solution acidifying link causes the organic matter in sludge is hydrolyzed from sludge solid-phase matrix to be discharged into liquid phase, and the macromolecular of liquid is organic Thing is further acidified the organic acid to form small molecule.Methanation link is then that organic acid is converted in the presence of methanogen Into the methane and carbon dioxide of gas phase.The main advantage of anaerobic digestion is to produce the biogas with energy regenerating value, The recovery of biogas not only can also have extra section to make net output with the energy consumption of compensation deals process, and caused by after digestion Organic remains can do the utilization of agricultural soil conditioner.
The patent of application number 201110445557 strengthens the decrement of excess sludge using " neutral proteinase and alpha-amylase ";Shen Numbers 201110262277 compound biological enzyme system please be made using " protease, amylase, laccase, cellulase an etc. " a variety of biology enzymes Agent is used for the processing of sludge;Application number 201210262361 is also using biological enzymes such as " protease, cellulase, amylase " Accelerate the aerobic degradation of sludge.But the catalytic performance of biology enzyme has selectivity, specific organic matter only can be hydrolyzed, therefore typically The mixture of a variety of biology enzymes is needed to use;And biology enzyme can only be added disposably to the extremely sensitive easily inactivation of environmental condition And it is difficult to Reusability.Comparatively speaking, biological bacteria is the lived living cells of tool, can be reduced with a variety of biology enzymes of continuous release The risk of enzyme inactivation.Application number 201110341833 is vaccinated with a kind of " bacillus alcalophilus " and carries out fermentation and hydrogen production to sludge, And suppress the generation of methane;The bacillus of " bacillus alcalophilus " category bacillus guiding principle is somebody's turn to do, it is wounded in the battle that the bacterium is located away from greening Orchard Soil, belong to aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria, can secreting amylase and protease.Application number:201110294105.9 be vaccinated with from The aerobic bacterial strain and micro-metazoa that soil and aerobic activated sludge are separated are applied to the Aerobic biological process of sludge.Shen Please numbers 201110146084 be prepared for it is a kind of obtained from enzyme powder and photosynthetic bacteria and being separately cultured from sludge it is aerobic or facultative Indigenous bacterium, the processing for sludge.Application number:201110199742 are vaccinated with containing 17 kinds of aerobic or facultative microbial composite bacterias Agent is used for the aerobic degradation of sludge.
Due to the bacterial cell, the lignocellulose material of difficult degradation and the difficult degradation itself that are consolidated in excess sludge And humus of other organic matter degradations etc. may be hindered to limit the raising of organic energy conversion rate although presently, there are a variety of For " breaking-wall cell ", the preconditioning technique of " lignin, humus broken steady ", but the operation of these preconditioning techniques it is complex, And certain resource and the energy are consumed, it is also possible to cause energy production unable to make ends meet sometimes.And the bacteria agent profit of prior art It is organic moiety relatively degradable in sludge, and for anaerobic sludge digestion middle and later periods remnants a large amount of relatively difficult drops The organic moiety of solution is difficult to play enhanced hydrolysis effect.And the process of sludge generation biogas relies primarily on methanogen to first The consumption of acid, acetic acid and methanol, and organic acidic material is relying on the enzymes such as cellulase, protease and lipase to organic matter Digestion decompose generation after, removing can be by formic acid, acetic acid and methanol that methanogen directly utilizes, the thing of other acid alcohol classes Matter, such as propionic acid and butyric acid etc. cannot function as the substrate that methanogen produces methane, can not be decomposed and utilize by methanogen, very The wasting of resources is caused in big degree, causes the efficiency of methane phase to substantially reduce.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of environment-friendly treatment method that city sewage and sludge is carried out using microorganism formulation.
First so that organic matter is anaerobically digested decomposition, can make sludge stabilizing, is allowed to be not easy corruption, secondly, by detesting Oxygen digests, and most of pathogen or cricket worm's ovum is killed or is decomposed as organic matter, makes sewage sludge harmlessness, and the 3rd, with dirt Mud is stabilized, will produce the biogas of a large amount of high heating values, as using energy source, makes recycling sludge, finally, sludge through digest with Afterwards, part organic nitrogen therein is converted into ammonia nitrogen, improves the fertilizer efficiency of sludge.
Specifically, the present invention provides a kind of environment-friendly treatment method using microorganism formulation city sewage and sludge, its feature It is to comprise the steps:
Step 1:Total organic carbon and the detection of full nitrogen are carried out to pending mud, adjustment sludge carbon-nitrogen ratio exists(15-40):1, containing solid Rate is 12-15wt%
Step 2:Sludge obtained by step 1 is added into anaerobic digestor, addition is the 50-70% (v/v) of digestion tank volume, is adjusted Save pH to 7-8;Seed sludge microbiological garbage treatment agent, addition are the 0.5%-1% (v/v) of digestion tank volume, are stirred, in Temperature(35±2℃)Carry out anaerobic fermentation 12h;
Step 3:Addition accounts for the anaerobic activated sludge from methane-generating pit of digestion tank volume 5% (v/v)(It is thin rich in methane phase Bacterium), continue to stir, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation 24h;
Step 4:Iron filings are added, 10 g/L waste iron filings are added into sludge anaerobic digestion system(Size is 8mm × 3m M × 0.5mm)Continue reaction one week;
The sludge microbe inorganic agent includes mixed bacteria liquid and carrier, and the mixed bacteria liquid is by phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, fat It is prepared by fat bacillus, Paracoccus denitrificans, nitrococcus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, enterococcus faecalis.
The phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium is(Bacillus megaterium)ATCC 14581;
The Bacillus stearothermophilus is (Bacillus stearothermophilus) ATCC 7953;
The Paracoccus denitrificans is (Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC 13543;
The nitrococcus is nitrococcus(Nitrosomonas europaea)ATCC 19718;
The Pseudomonas fluorescens is (P.Fluorescens) ATCC 49642;
The enterococcus faecalis is(Enterococcus faecalis)ATCC 29212;
The carrier is made up of following raw materials:Diatomite, attapulgite.
It is preferred that the carrier by diatomite, attapulgite according to weight ratio(2-3):1 mixes;
The carrier can ensure to be used for the advantages of tack is good in biologic packing material in microbial inoculum, also with wide material sources, cost it is cheap, Easy to use, the advantages that preservation term is long, preparation method is simple.
The sludge microbe inorganic agent is mixed bacteria liquid and carrier according to 1:2 weight ratio is mixed with;
The preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid is as follows:Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Bacillus stearothermophilus, Paracoccus denitrificans, nitrous It is 1 × 10 that change bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, enterococcus faecalis, which are prepared and cultivated respectively to concentration,8Individual/ml bacterium solution, then according to 3:5: 3:4:6:2 volume ratio mixing, is produced;
Strain of the present invention can be from American Type Culture collection warehousing(ATCC)It is commercially available.
Those skilled in the art can select suitable culture medium according to general knowledge and expand cultural method, reach viable count 108Individual/gram, and prepared according to the conventional method for preparing microbial solid preparation.
Methanogen metabolism and energetic supersession are required for the participation iron of trace element(Fe)As methanogen Necessary trace element, the synthesis such as cytochromes in methanogen body, cellular oxidation enzyme, Fe or intracellular oxygen can be participated in Change the electron carrier of reduction reaction.The order of micronutrient levels is followed successively by methanogen cell:Fe > Zn >=Ni > Co=Mo > Cu, and Fe because having reproducibility, be that all anaerobes institute is required.Thrown into anaerobic digester system Add waste iron filing, it corrodes, and the hydrogen separated out is sustainable to be provided for thermophilic producing hydrogen and methane bacterium and homoacetogenic bacteria/thermophilic acetic acid and methane producing bacterium Substrate, directly(Autotrophy)Or indirectly(Heterotrophism)Promote CH4 volume increase at the same time, iron is as reducing substances in anaerobic system In can also reduce reaction system ORP, cause acidification type transformation, reduce propionic acid accumulation, generate more methanogen energy The enough acetic acid directly utilized, further promote methane volume increase, effectively improve anaerobic digestion effect.
Due in receptor 1 activity sludge methane backeria self-characteristic influence, reaction exist start slowly, efficiency deficiency and easily by The factors such as shale, for solve to be difficult to because of methanogen strictly anaerobic culture and can not direct applied problem, sludge of the present invention The Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 49642 of amphimicrobian is added in microbiological treatment microbial inoculum and verifies that it is same with promotion medium temperature The effect of anaerobic digestion, it is hydrolysis or the auxiliary synergy bacterium of souring stage, increases methane production;
The sludge microbe inorganic agent of the present invention can fast breeding, so as to reduce initial cost, strong adaptability, by it is various can shapes Into the strain of dominant microflora, highly effective sludge inorganic agent is configured to, is added to by a certain amount of in sludge treating system, accelerates microorganism Degraded to sludge, mutually cooperate between each strain, create suitable Redox Condition, and remove noxious material, release anti- Feedback suppresses, and creates advantage thermodynamically, sludge is utilized more recycling, to improve the biological treatment efficiency of system, Ensure system stable operation.Reasonable compatibility between each strain in sludge treating agent, symbiosis are coordinated, mutually not antagonism, its preparation side Method is easy, and easy to implement the method, its is easy to operate, beneficial to industrialized production;The processing method operating method of the present invention is simple, reduces The wasting of resources, less input, reduces processing cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of environment-friendly treatment method that city sewage and sludge is carried out using microorganism formulation, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step 1:Total organic carbon and the detection of full nitrogen are carried out to pending mud, adjustment sludge carbon-nitrogen ratio is 15:1, solid content is 12%
Step 2:Sludge obtained by step 1 is added into anaerobic digestor, addition is 50% (v/v) of digestion tank volume, is adjusted PH to 7;Seed sludge microbiological garbage treatment agent, addition are 0.5%% (v/v) of digestion tank volume, are stirred, medium temperature(35 ±2℃)Carry out anaerobic fermentation 12h;
Step 3:Addition accounts for the anaerobic activated sludge from methane-generating pit of digestion tank volume 5% (v/v)(It is thin rich in methane phase Bacterium), continue to stir, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation 24h;
Step 4:Iron filings are added, 10 g/L waste iron filings are added into sludge anaerobic digestion system(The mm of 8mm × 3 × 0.5 mm)Continue reaction one week;
The sludge microbe inorganic agent includes mixed bacteria liquid and carrier, and the mixed bacteria liquid is by phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, fat It is prepared by fat bacillus, Paracoccus denitrificans, nitrococcus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, enterococcus faecalis.
The phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium is(Bacillus megaterium)ATCC 14581;
The Bacillus stearothermophilus is (Bacillus stearothermophilus) ATCC 7953;
The Paracoccus denitrificans is (Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC13543;
The nitrococcus is nitrococcus(Nitrosomonas europaea)ATCC19718;
The Pseudomonas fluorescens is (P.Fluorescens) ATCC 49642;
The enterococcus faecalis is(Enterococcus faecalis)ATCC 29212;
The carrier is made up of following raw materials:Diatomite, attapulgite.
It is preferred that the carrier by diatomite, attapulgite according to weight than 2:1 mixes;
The carrier can ensure to be used for the advantages of tack is good in biologic packing material in microbial inoculum, also with wide material sources, cost it is cheap, Easy to use, the advantages that preservation term is long, preparation method is simple.
The sludge microbe inorganic agent is mixed bacteria liquid and carrier according to 1:2 weight ratio is mixed with;
The preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid is as follows:Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Bacillus stearothermophilus, Paracoccus denitrificans, nitrous It is 1 × 10 that change bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, enterococcus faecalis, which are prepared and cultivated respectively to concentration,8Individual/ml bacterium solution, then according to 3:5: 3:4:6:2 volume ratio mixing, is produced;
Strain of the present invention can be from American Type Culture collection warehousing(ATCC)It is commercially available.
Those skilled in the art can select suitable culture medium according to general knowledge and expand cultural method, reach viable count 108Individual/gram, and prepared according to the conventional method for preparing microbial solid preparation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of environment-friendly treatment method that city sewage and sludge is carried out using microorganism formulation, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step 1:Total organic carbon and the detection of full nitrogen are carried out to pending mud, adjustment sludge carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20:1, solid content is 15%
Step 2:Sludge obtained by step 1 is added into anaerobic digestor, addition is 70% (v/v) of digestion tank volume, is adjusted PH to 8;Seed sludge microbiological garbage treatment agent, addition are 1% (v/v) of digestion tank volume, are stirred, medium temperature(35±2 ℃)Carry out anaerobic fermentation 12h;
Step 3:Addition accounts for the anaerobic activated sludge from methane-generating pit of digestion tank volume 5% (v/v)(It is thin rich in methane phase Bacterium), continue to stir, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation 24h;
Step 4:Iron filings are added, 10 g/L waste iron filings are added into sludge anaerobic digestion system(The mm of 8mm × 3 × 0.5 mm)Continue reaction one week;
The sludge microbe inorganic agent includes mixed bacteria liquid and carrier, and the mixed bacteria liquid is by phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, fat It is prepared by fat bacillus, Paracoccus denitrificans, nitrococcus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, enterococcus faecalis.
The phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium is(Bacillus megaterium)ATCC 14581;
The Bacillus stearothermophilus is (Bacillus stearothermophilus) ATCC 7953;
The Paracoccus denitrificans is (Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC13543;
The nitrococcus is nitrococcus(Nitrosomonas europaea)ATCC19718;
The Pseudomonas fluorescens is (P.Fluorescens) ATCC 49642;
The enterococcus faecalis is(Enterococcus faecalis)ATCC 29212;
The carrier is made up of following raw materials:Diatomite, attapulgite.
It is preferred that the carrier by diatomite, attapulgite according to weight than 3:1 mixes;
The carrier can ensure to be used for the advantages of tack is good in biologic packing material in microbial inoculum, also with wide material sources, cost it is cheap, Easy to use, the advantages that preservation term is long, preparation method is simple.
The sludge microbe inorganic agent is mixed bacteria liquid and carrier according to 1:2 weight ratio is mixed with;
The preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid is as follows:Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Bacillus stearothermophilus, Paracoccus denitrificans, nitrous It is 1 × 10 that change bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, enterococcus faecalis, which are prepared and cultivated respectively to concentration,8Individual/ml bacterium solution, then according to 3:5: 3:4:6:2 volume ratio mixing, is produced;
Strain of the present invention can be from American Type Culture collection warehousing(ATCC)It is commercially available.
Those skilled in the art can select suitable culture medium according to general knowledge and expand cultural method, reach viable count 108Individual/gram, and prepared according to the conventional method for preparing microbial solid preparation.
Embodiment 3
According to embodiment 1-2 treatment effects such as table 1:
The Treatment of Sludge effect of table 1
The initial aerogenesis time(h) Sludge volatile solid average removal rate Average methane production(ml/gVS) Carbon dioxide emission reduction amount is than conventional intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation
Embodiment 1 2h 57.2% 615.12 23.21%
Embodiment 2 2h 54.5% 604.37 21.27%
The influence that the microbial inoculum composition of embodiment 4 is tested to methane increment
300kg sludge of sewage treatment plant is taken, is divided into six parts, every part is 50kg.
Five parts of sludge of decile are respectively placed in five identical closed reaction vessels, are respectively labeled as experimental group, it is right According to 1 group, 2 groups are compareed, compares 3 groups, compares 4 groups, blank control group.
Experimental group:Sludge microbe inorganic agent prepared by Example 1, is seeded in the reaction vessel of experimental group, according to The weight ratio of sludge 1%, after maintaining anaerobic environment digestion reaction 12h, using methane measuring instrument to Methane production in reaction vessel Measure;
Compare 1 group:Sludge microbe inorganic agent in embodiment 1 is removed into Pseudomonas fluorescens, remaining all same, according to sludge 1% Weight ratio, add into reaction vessel, after maintaining anaerobic environment digestion reaction 12h, using methane measuring instrument to reaction vessel Interior Methane production measures;
Compare 2 groups:Sludge microbe inorganic agent in embodiment 1 is removed into phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Bacillus stearothermophilus, remaining is equal It is identical, according to the weight ratio of sludge 1%, add into reaction vessel, after maintaining anaerobic environment digestion reaction 12h, surveyed using methane Amount instrument measures to Methane production in reaction vessel;
Compare 3 groups:Sludge microbe inorganic agent in embodiment 1 is removed into nitrococcus, remaining all same of enterococcus faecalis, according to dirt The weight ratio of mud 1%, is added into reaction vessel, after maintaining anaerobic environment digestion reaction 12h, using methane measuring instrument to reaction Methane production measures in container;
Compare 4 groups:Sludge microbe inorganic agent in embodiment 1 is removed into Paracoccus denitrificans, remaining all same, according to sludge 1% Weight ratio, is added into reaction vessel, after maintaining anaerobic environment digestion reaction 12h, using methane measuring instrument in reaction vessel Methane production measures;
Blank control group adds equivalent water.
Measurement result is as shown in table 2:
The Methane production of table 2 determines
Experimental group Compare 1 group Compare 2 groups Compare 3 groups Compare 4 groups Blank control group
Initial aerogenesis time h 2 5 5.3 4 6 10h
Methane content m3 47.2 27.5 20.4 27.8 29.7 4.1
Experimental group methane phase content is much larger than control group, reasonable compatibility between each strain in sludge treating agent of the present invention, symbiosis Coordinate, mutually not antagonism, sludge, to improve the biological treatment efficiency of system, is ensured system stable operation using more recycling.
Although above detailed explanation is made to this case with generality explanation and embodiment, in the present invention On the basis of, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, not Deviate the modification or improvement made on the basis of present invention spirit, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of environment-friendly treatment method that city sewage and sludge is carried out using microorganism formulation, it is characterised in that including following steps Suddenly:
Step 1:Total organic carbon and the detection of full nitrogen are carried out to pending mud, adjustment sludge carbon-nitrogen ratio exists(15-40):1, containing solid Rate is 12-15%
Step 2:Sludge obtained by step 1 is added into anaerobic digestor, addition is the 50-70% (v/v) of digestion tank volume, is adjusted Save pH to 7-8;Seed sludge microbiological garbage treatment agent, addition are the 0.5%-1% (v/v) of digestion tank volume, are stirred, in Temperature(35±2℃)Anaerobic fermentation 12h;
Step 3:Addition accounts for the anaerobic activated sludge from methane-generating pit of digestion tank volume 5% (v/v), continues to stir, medium temperature (35±2℃)Anaerobic fermentation 24h;
Step 4:Iron filings are added, 10g/L waste iron filings are added into sludge anaerobic digestion system and continue reaction one week.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the sludge microbe inorganic agent is by mixed bacteria liquid and vehicle group Into.
3. according to the method described in claim 1-2, it is characterised in that the mixed bacteria liquid is by phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, fat It is prepared by fat bacillus, Paracoccus denitrificans, nitrococcus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, enterococcus faecalis.
4. according to the method described in claim 2-3, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid is:Phosphorus decomposing is huge Bacterium anthracoides, Bacillus stearothermophilus, Paracoccus denitrificans, nitrococcus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, enterococcus faecalis are cultivated to dense respectively Spend for 1 × 108Individual/ml bacterium solution, then according to 3:5:3:4:6:2 volume ratio mixing.
5. according to the method described in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
The phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium is(Bacillus megaterium)ATCC 14581;
The Bacillus stearothermophilus is (Bacillus stearothermophilus) ATCC 7953;
The Paracoccus denitrificans is (Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC 13543;
The nitrococcus is(Nitrosomonas europaea)ATC C19718;
The Pseudomonas fluorescens is (P.Fluorescens) ATCC 49642;
The enterococcus faecalis is(Enterococcus faecalis)ATCC 29212.
6. according to the method described in claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the carrier is made up of diatomite and attapulgite.
7. according to the method for claim 6, it is preferable that the carrier is by diatomite and attapulgite according to weight ratio(2- 3):1 mixes.
8. according to the method described in claim 1-7, it is characterised in that the sludge microbe inorganic agent is mixed bacteria liquid and load Body is according to 1:2 weight ratio is mixed with.
9. the environmentally friendly purposes of claim 1-8 methods describeds.
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