CN107555361B - Drift lifting device and method for large equipment - Google Patents
Drift lifting device and method for large equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107555361B CN107555361B CN201710979092.6A CN201710979092A CN107555361B CN 107555361 B CN107555361 B CN 107555361B CN 201710979092 A CN201710979092 A CN 201710979092A CN 107555361 B CN107555361 B CN 107555361B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drift lifting device of large equipment. The device mainly comprises a first lifting rope, a second lifting rope, a third lifting rope, a fourth lifting rope, a first fixed end, a second fixed end, a first pulley block, a second pulley block, a third pulley block, a fourth pulley block, a first power source, a second power source, a third power source and a fourth power source. A drift lifting method of large equipment using the drift lifting device is also disclosed. The drifting lifting device and method for the large-scale equipment can keep the horizontal state of the large-scale equipment in the whole lifting, translating and landing processes in a limited space, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, safety and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drift lifting device and a drift lifting method for large equipment.
Background
Currently, in many fields of engineering work, it is often necessary to move large-sized equipment in horizontal and vertical directions. Sometimes, the space where the equipment is located is small, for example, transportation and hoisting construction operations of large equipment are performed in an underground space structure, and because the equipment is limited by the space, large hoisting machinery (such as a crane and a tower crane) cannot be used for moving the equipment. For this situation, a common construction method is to use two groups of pulley blocks, steel wire ropes and power sources (such as a manual hoist, a winch and the like) to be combined into a hoisting device, so as to carry out hoisting and moving operations on equipment. However, the lifting device can enable equipment to rotate in the lifting and moving process, and can only be suitable for equipment with low lifting and moving requirements. When large-scale equipment with privileged requirements such as precise instruments is hoisted, the hoisting device and the hoisting method cannot be applied because rotation is not allowed in the moving process, and the whole operation process of lifting, moving and landing is kept in a horizontal state in the whole process.
Disclosure of Invention
A first object of the present invention is to provide a drift-lifting device for large-scale equipment, which solves the drawbacks of the prior art.
The second object of the invention is to provide a large equipment drift lifting method adopting the drift lifting device.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
drift hoisting device of large-scale equipment includes: the two ends of the first lifting rope are tied to the left side of the large-scale equipment; the two ends of the second lifting rope are tied on the right side of the large-scale equipment; the two ends of the third lifting rope are tied on the right side of the large-scale equipment; the two ends of the fourth lifting rope are tied on the left side of the large-scale equipment; the first pulley block mainly comprises a first fixed pulley and a first steel wire rope, wherein the first fixed pulley is fixed at a first fixed end, one end of the first steel wire rope is fixed on a wheel frame of the first fixed pulley, and a rope body part of the first pulley block is sequentially overlapped with a rope body of a first lifting rope and a pulley of the first fixed pulley; the second pulley block mainly comprises a second fixed pulley and a second steel wire rope, the second fixed pulley is fixed at a second fixed end, one end of the second steel wire rope is fixed on a wheel frame of the second fixed pulley, and a rope body part of the second steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a rope body of a second lifting rope and a pulley of the second fixed pulley; the third pulley block mainly comprises a third fixed pulley and a third steel wire rope, wherein the third fixed pulley is fixed at the first fixed end, one end of the third steel wire rope is fixed on a wheel frame of the third fixed pulley, and a rope body part of the third steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a rope body of the third lifting rope and a pulley of the third fixed pulley; the fourth pulley block mainly comprises a fourth fixed pulley and a fourth steel wire rope, the fourth fixed pulley is fixed at the second fixed end, one end of the fourth steel wire rope is fixed on a wheel frame of the fourth fixed pulley, and a rope body part of the fourth steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a rope body of a fourth lifting rope and a pulley of the fourth fixed pulley; the first power source is connected with the other end of the first steel wire rope; the second power source is connected with the other end of the second steel wire rope; the third power source is connected with the other end of the third steel wire rope; and the fourth power source is connected with the other end of the fourth steel wire rope.
Further, the invention also comprises: the first directional pulley is arranged at the left side of the moving initial position of the large-scale equipment, and the other end of the first steel wire rope is connected with a first power source after being turned to the direction through the first directional pulley; the second directional pulley is arranged on the right side of the movable pre-release position of the large-scale equipment, and the other end of the second steel wire rope is connected with a second power source after being turned to the right through the second directional pulley; the third directional pulley is arranged at the left side of the movement initial position of the large-scale equipment, and the other end of the third steel wire rope is connected with a third power source after being turned to the direction through the third directional pulley; and the fourth directional pulley is arranged on the right side of the movable pre-release position of the large-scale equipment, and the other end of the fourth steel wire rope is connected with a fourth power source after being changed to the rear through the fourth directional pulley.
Further, the first pulley block further comprises a first movable pulley, the wheel frame of the first movable pulley hooks the rope body of the first lifting rope, and the rope body part of the first steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with the pulley of the first movable pulley and the pulley of the first fixed pulley; the second pulley block further comprises a second movable pulley, a wheel frame of the second movable pulley hooks a rope body of the second lifting rope, and a rope body part of the second steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a pulley of the second movable pulley and a pulley of the second fixed pulley; the third pulley block further comprises a third movable pulley, a wheel frame of the third movable pulley hooks a rope body of the third lifting rope, and a rope body part of the third steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a pulley of the third movable pulley and a pulley of the third fixed pulley; the fourth pulley block further comprises a fourth movable pulley, a wheel frame of the fourth movable pulley hooks a rope body of the fourth lifting rope, and a rope body part of the fourth steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a pulley of the fourth movable pulley and a pulley of the fourth fixed pulley.
Preferably, the first power source, the second power source, the third power source and the fourth power source adopt a manual hoist, a winch, a hydraulic actuator or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the first fixed end is arranged above the moving initial position of the large-scale equipment, and the second fixed end is arranged above the moving pre-placing position of the large-scale equipment.
In order to achieve the second purpose, the drift lifting method of the large-scale equipment adopts the drift lifting device and sequentially comprises the following steps: step one: determining the positions of a first fixed end and a second fixed end according to the initial position and the pre-release position of the large-scale equipment and the limit condition of space, and installing a drift lifting device; step two: the lengths, the stress and the speeds of the first steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope, the third steel wire rope and the fourth steel wire rope are cooperatively controlled by operating the first power source, the second power source, the third power source and the fourth power source, so that the large-scale equipment moves from the initial position to the pre-release position.
Further, the steps are divided into three stages:
stage one: the lengths, the stress and the speed of the first steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope and the third steel wire rope are controlled by operating the first power source, the second power source and the third power source, so that the large-scale equipment is vertically lifted in a mode of keeping a horizontal posture, and then is horizontally moved to the center position between the first fixed end and the second fixed end;
stage two: when the gravity center of the large-scale equipment translates to the central position, the lengths, the stress and the speed of the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope are controlled by operating the first power source and the second power source, so that the large-scale equipment translates through the central position in a mode of keeping a horizontal posture;
stage three: when the center of gravity of the large-scale equipment passes through the center position, the lengths, the stress and the speed of the first steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope and the fourth steel wire rope are controlled by operating the first power source, the second power source and the fourth power source, so that the large-scale equipment firstly translates to the pre-release position in a mode of keeping a horizontal posture, and then vertically drops to the pre-release position.
Further, the movement initial position and the movement pre-placement position are not on the same horizontal plane.
The drifting lifting device and method for the large-scale equipment can keep the horizontal state of the large-scale equipment in the whole lifting, translating and landing processes in a limited space, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, safety and reliability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a drift-lifting device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a force-bearing schematic diagram of a large-scale apparatus of the present invention initially lifted and translated from a central position between a first fixed end and a second fixed end.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the force applied by the large scale apparatus of the present invention when the center of gravity is shifted to the center position.
FIG. 4 is a force-bearing schematic diagram of a large-scale apparatus according to the present invention translating from a center position to a pre-release position.
In the figure:
11-a first lifting rope; 12-a second lifting rope; 13-a third lifting rope; 14-a fourth lifting rope;
21-a first fixed end; 22-a second fixed end;
hlz 01-first pulley block; 31-a first fixed pulley; 32-a first wire rope; 33-a first movable pulley;
hlz 02-second pulley block; 41-a second fixed pulley; 42-a second wire rope; 43-a second movable pulley;
hlz 03-third pulley block; 51-a third fixed pulley; 52-a third wire rope; 53-a third movable pulley;
hlz 04-fourth pulley block; 61-a fourth fixed pulley; 62-fourth wire rope; 63-a fourth movable pulley;
71—a first directional pulley; 72-a second directional pulley; 73-a third directional pulley; 74-a fourth directional pulley;
81-a first power source; 82-a second power source; 83-a third power source; 84-a fourth power source;
9-large-scale equipment; 91-move the initial position; 92-moving the pre-release position;
a-height of large scale equipment; b-width of large scale devices.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the drifting lifting device of the large-scale equipment mainly comprises a first lifting rope 11, a second lifting rope 12, a third lifting rope 13, a fourth lifting rope 14, a first fixed end 21, a second fixed end 22, a first pulley block, a second pulley block, a third pulley block, a fourth pulley block, a first directional pulley 71, a second directional pulley 72, a third directional pulley 73, a fourth directional pulley 73, a first power source 81, a second power source 82, a third power source 83 and a fourth power source 84. Wherein:
the first sling 11 is attached at both ends to the left side of the large scale apparatus 9. The second sling 12 is attached at both ends to the right side of the large scale apparatus 9. The third sling 13 is attached at both ends to the right side of the large scale apparatus 9. The fourth sling 14 is attached at both ends to the left side of the large apparatus 9.
The first fixed end 21 is disposed above the large-scale apparatus movement initial position 91, and the second fixed end is disposed above the large-scale apparatus movement pre-placement position 92.
The first diverting pulley 71 is disposed on the left side of the large-sized apparatus movement initial position 91. Second directional pulley 72 is positioned to the right of large equipment moving pre-position 92. The third diverting pulley 73 is disposed at the left side of the large-sized apparatus movement initial position 91. The fourth directional pulley 74 is disposed to the right of the large equipment moving pre-position 92.
The first fixed pulley block mainly comprises a first fixed pulley 31, a first steel wire rope 32 and a first movable pulley 33. The first fixed sheave is fixed to the first fixed end 21. The wheel frame of the first movable pulley hooks the rope body of the first hanging rope. One end of the first wire rope is fixed on the wheel frame of the first fixed pulley, the rope body part is sequentially overlapped with the pulley of the first movable pulley and the pulley of the first fixed pulley, and the other end is connected with the first power source 81 after being turned by the first directional pulley 71.
The second fixed pulley block mainly comprises a second fixed pulley 41, a second steel wire rope 42 and a second movable pulley 43. The second fixed pulley is fixed to the second fixed end 22. The wheel frame of the second movable pulley hooks the rope body of the second suspension rope 12. One end of the second wire rope is fixed on the wheel frame of the second fixed pulley, the rope body part is sequentially overlapped with the pulley of the second movable pulley and the pulley of the second fixed pulley, and the other end is connected with the second power source 82 after being turned by the second directional pulley 72.
The third fixed pulley block mainly comprises a third fixed pulley 51, a third steel wire rope 52 and a third movable pulley 53. The third fixed pulley is fixed to the first fixed end 21. The wheel frame of the third movable pulley hooks the rope body of the third hanging rope 13. One end of the third wire rope is fixed on the wheel frame of the third fixed pulley, the rope body part is sequentially overlapped with the pulley of the third movable pulley and the pulley of the third fixed pulley, and the other end is connected with the third power source 83 after being turned by the third directional pulley 73.
The fourth fixed pulley block mainly comprises a fourth fixed pulley 61, a fourth steel wire rope 62 and a fourth movable pulley 63. The fourth fixed sheave is fixed to the second fixed end 22. The wheel frame of the fourth movable pulley hooks the rope body of the fourth suspension rope 14. One end of the fourth wire rope is fixed on the wheel frame of the fourth fixed pulley, the rope body part is sequentially overlapped with the pulley of the fourth movable pulley and the pulley of the fourth fixed pulley, and the other end is connected with the fourth power source 84 after being turned by the fourth directional pulley 74.
The first power source to the fourth power source can adopt a manual hoist, a winch, a hydraulic actuator or a combination thereof.
In this embodiment, the first pulley block and the second pulley block are main hoist pulley blocks, and the third pulley block and the fourth pulley block are leveling pulley blocks.
The drift-up method of the large-scale apparatus according to the present invention will be specifically described below by taking the case that the movement initial position 91 of the large-scale apparatus is higher than the pre-release position 92 as an example. Which comprises the following steps in turn:
step one: the positions of the first fixing end 21 and the second fixing end 22 are determined according to the initial position 91 and the pre-release position 92 of the large-sized apparatus 9 and the limitation of the space, and the drift lifting device is installed according to the connection relation.
Step two: the lengths, the stress and the speeds of the first steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope, the third steel wire rope and the fourth steel wire rope are cooperatively controlled by operating the first power source, the second power source, the third power source and the fourth power source, so that the large-scale equipment moves from the initial position to the pre-release position. The method comprises three stages:
stage one: as shown in FIG. 2, the lengths, the stress and the speed of the first steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope and the third steel wire rope are controlled by operating the first power source, the second power source and the third power source, so that the large-scale equipment is vertically lifted in a mode of keeping a horizontal posture, and then is translated to the central position between the first fixed end and the second fixed end.
The three wire ropes of the first pulley block hlz, the second pulley block hlz02 and the third pulley block hlz cooperate to maintain the horizontal lift and state of the large equipment.
(1) The hoist rope length is determined by the following relationship:
wherein: l1, L2, L3 are the lengths of the steel wire ropes of the first pulley block hlz01, the second pulley block hlz02 and the third pulley block hlz03, respectively, L is the distance between the first fixed end and the second fixed end, and (x, y) is the coordinates of the upper left corner of the large-scale equipment. θ1, θ2 and θ3 are included angles between the pulley block and the horizontal direction respectively, namely:
(2) determination of stress of each steel wire rope:
the wire rope stresses of the first pulley block hlz, the second pulley block hlz02 and the third pulley block hlz03 satisfy the following relationship:
wherein: f1, F2, F3 are the wire rope stresses of the first pulley block hlz01, the second pulley block hlz02, the third pulley block hlz03, respectively. Solving this equation yields:
substituting (formula 2) into (formula 3) to obtain the force of each steel wire rope. As can be seen from equation 3, when θ1=θ2, i.e. when the large equipment is in the middle position of the two fixed pulleys, f2=f1, f3=0, it can be seen that only the first wire rope and the second wire rope are stressed and equal at this time.
(3) Determination of winding and unwinding speeds of steel wire ropes
The movement speed of the large-scale equipment in the lifting process is very slow, and the horizontal movement speed v of the large-scale equipment is set x The vertical movement speed is v y The coordinates of the upper left corner of the large-scale device x (t) =v x ·t+x 0 ，y(t)＝v y ·t+y 0 Wherein (x) 0 ，y 0 ) Is the initial coordinates. The speed of each lifting rope can be obtained by deriving the time (formula 1):
stage two: as shown in FIG. 3, when the center of gravity of the large-scale apparatus translates to the center position, the length, the stress and the speed of the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope are controlled by operating the first power source and the second power source, so that the large-scale apparatus translates through the center position in a manner of maintaining a horizontal posture.
When the large-scale equipment is at the middle position of the two fixed pulleys, the coordinate x= (L-b)/2 of the left upper corner point of the large-scale equipment is substituted into (formula 1-4), and the length, the stress and the speed of each steel wire rope at the position can be obtained.
Stage three: as shown in FIG. 4, after the center of gravity of the large-scale equipment passes through the center position, the lengths, the stress and the speeds of the first steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope and the fourth steel wire rope are controlled by operating the first power source, the second power source and the fourth power source, so that the large-scale equipment firstly translates towards the pre-release position in a mode of keeping a horizontal posture, and then vertically drops to the pre-release position.
The three wire ropes of the first pulley block hlz01, the second pulley block hlz02 and the fourth pulley block hlz cooperate at this stage to maintain the horizontal lift and state of the large equipment while the third pulley block hlz03 is under zero force. According to the symmetry principle, the length, the stress and the speed of each steel wire rope in the stage can be obtained easily by a first stage calculation formula.
(1) The wire rope length is determined by the following relation:
wherein: l4 is the length of the steel wire rope, and theta 4 is the included angle between the fourth pulley block and the horizontal direction, namely
(2) Determination of stress of each steel wire rope:
wherein: f4 is the force applied to the fourth pulley block hlz 04.
(3) Determination of winding and unwinding speeds of steel wire ropes
Wherein: f4 is the speed of the fourth pulley block hlz 04.
It should be noted that, the four pulley blocks determine the winding mode of the steel wire rope according to the analysis result of the stress, and when the stress meets the requirement, the corresponding movable pulleys are not required. And the directional pulley is matched with the power source, and when the power source meets various force application requirements, the corresponding directional pulley can not be arranged.
Claims (7)
1. Drift hoisting device of large-scale equipment, its characterized in that includes:
the two ends of the first lifting rope are tied to the left side of the large-scale equipment;
the two ends of the second lifting rope are tied on the right side of the large-scale equipment;
the two ends of the third lifting rope are tied on the right side of the large-scale equipment;
the two ends of the fourth lifting rope are tied on the left side of the large-scale equipment;
the first pulley block mainly comprises a first fixed pulley and a first steel wire rope, wherein the first fixed pulley is fixed at a first fixed end, one end of the first steel wire rope is fixed on a wheel frame of the first fixed pulley, and a rope body part of the first pulley block is sequentially overlapped with a rope body of a first lifting rope and a pulley of the first fixed pulley;
the second pulley block mainly comprises a second fixed pulley and a second steel wire rope, the second fixed pulley is fixed at a second fixed end, one end of the second steel wire rope is fixed on a wheel frame of the second fixed pulley, and a rope body part of the second steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a rope body of a second lifting rope and a pulley of the second fixed pulley;
the third pulley block mainly comprises a third fixed pulley and a third steel wire rope, wherein the third fixed pulley is fixed at the first fixed end, one end of the third steel wire rope is fixed on a wheel frame of the third fixed pulley, and a rope body part of the third steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a rope body of the third lifting rope and a pulley of the third fixed pulley;
the fourth pulley block mainly comprises a fourth fixed pulley and a fourth steel wire rope, the fourth fixed pulley is fixed at the second fixed end, one end of the fourth steel wire rope is fixed on a wheel frame of the fourth fixed pulley, and a rope body part of the fourth steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a rope body of a fourth lifting rope and a pulley of the fourth fixed pulley;
the first power source is connected with the other end of the first steel wire rope;
the second power source is connected with the other end of the second steel wire rope;
the third power source is connected with the other end of the third steel wire rope; and
the fourth power source is connected with the other end of the fourth steel wire rope;
further comprises:
the first directional pulley is arranged at the left side of the moving initial position of the large-scale equipment, and the other end of the first steel wire rope is connected with a first power source after being turned to the direction through the first directional pulley;
the second directional pulley is arranged on the right side of the movable pre-release position of the large-scale equipment, and the other end of the second steel wire rope is connected with a second power source after being turned to the right through the second directional pulley;
the third directional pulley is arranged at the left side of the movement initial position of the large-scale equipment, and the other end of the third steel wire rope is connected with a third power source after being turned to the direction through the third directional pulley; and
and the fourth directional pulley is arranged on the right side of the movable pre-release position of the large-scale equipment, and the other end of the fourth steel wire rope is connected with a fourth power source after being changed to the rear through the fourth directional pulley.
2. A drift-lifting device for large equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that,
the first pulley block further comprises a first movable pulley, a wheel frame of the first movable pulley hooks a rope body of the first lifting rope, and a rope body part of the first steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a pulley of the first movable pulley and a pulley of the first fixed pulley;
the second pulley block further comprises a second movable pulley, a wheel frame of the second movable pulley hooks a rope body of the second lifting rope, and a rope body part of the second steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a pulley of the second movable pulley and a pulley of the second fixed pulley;
the third pulley block further comprises a third movable pulley, a wheel frame of the third movable pulley hooks a rope body of the third lifting rope, and a rope body part of the third steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a pulley of the third movable pulley and a pulley of the third fixed pulley; and
the fourth pulley block further comprises a fourth movable pulley, a wheel frame of the fourth movable pulley hooks a rope body of the fourth lifting rope, and a rope body part of the fourth steel wire rope is sequentially overlapped with a pulley of the fourth movable pulley and a pulley of the fourth fixed pulley.
3. The drift-lifting device of a large-scale apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first power source, the second power source, the third power source and the fourth power source are a manual hoist, a winch, a hydraulic actuator, or a combination thereof.
4. The drift-lifting device of a large-scale apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first fixed end is disposed above a movement initial position of the large-scale apparatus, and the second fixed end is disposed above a movement pre-release position of the large-scale apparatus.
5. A drift lifting method for a large-scale apparatus, using a drift lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps in order:
step one: determining the positions of a first fixed end and a second fixed end according to the initial position and the pre-release position of the large-scale equipment and the limit condition of space, and installing a drift lifting device;
step two: the lengths, the stress and the speeds of the first steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope, the third steel wire rope and the fourth steel wire rope are cooperatively controlled by operating the first power source, the second power source, the third power source and the fourth power source, so that the large-scale equipment moves from the initial position to the pre-release position.
6. The drift-up method of a large-scale apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the steps are divided into three stages:
stage one: the lengths, the stress and the speed of the first steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope and the third steel wire rope are controlled by operating the first power source, the second power source and the third power source, so that the large-scale equipment is vertically lifted in a mode of keeping a horizontal posture, and then is horizontally moved to the center position between the first fixed end and the second fixed end;
stage two: when the gravity center of the large-scale equipment translates to the central position, the lengths, the stress and the speed of the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope are controlled by operating the first power source and the second power source, so that the large-scale equipment translates through the central position in a mode of keeping a horizontal posture;
stage three: when the center of gravity of the large-scale equipment passes through the center position, the lengths, the stress and the speed of the first steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope and the fourth steel wire rope are controlled by operating the first power source, the second power source and the fourth power source, so that the large-scale equipment firstly translates to the pre-release position in a mode of keeping a horizontal posture, and then vertically drops to the pre-release position.
7. The drift-up method of a large-scale apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the movement initial position and the movement pre-placement position are not on the same horizontal plane.
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| CN102963832A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-03-13 | 银川银重（集团）起重机有限公司 | Steel wire rope winding system for four-point lifting and three-point balancing anti-swing hoisting mechanism |
| CN103696569A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-04-02 | 上海建工五建集团有限公司 | Overhead steel-beam platform dismounting device and method |
| CN104895337A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-09-09 | 中国化学工程第三建设有限公司 | Installation method of large horizontal equipment in concrete framework |
| CN106006425A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-12 | 广东省工业设备安装有限公司 | Method of hoisting and transporting large-sized equipment arranged in underground machine rooms of super high-rise buildings |
| CN207276155U (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-27 | 广州五羊建设机械有限公司 | The drift lifting device of large scale equipment |
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| CN107555361A (en) | 2018-01-09 |
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