Electric heating device and system and method for in-situ remediation of ultra-deep organic contaminated soil
Technical Field
The invention relates to an in-situ remediation system for organic contaminated soil, in particular to an electric heating device and a system and a method for in-situ remediation for ultra-deep organic contaminated soil, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection.
Background
Along with the progress of industrialization, urbanization and modern agriculture in China, land pollution is increasingly serious and gradually expressed as composite pollution of various pollutants, particularly heavy metal pollution and high-toxicity and persistent organic pollution, which are mainly from mining areas of waste plants, household garbage, industrial three wastes and a great amount of pesticides and fertilizers. These contaminants not only change the physicochemical characteristics of the soil, leading to degradation of the soil, reduction of crop yield and quality, but also contaminate surface and ground water by runoff and leaching, worsen the hydrological environment, and may endanger human life and health by direct contact, food chain, etc. Therefore, the problem of soil pollution remediation is urgently solved.
The thermal enhancement technology, namely in-situ soil heating, refers to a process of heating a polluted medium and organic pollutants contained in the polluted medium to a sufficient temperature through direct or indirect heat exchange so as to volatilize or separate the organic pollutants from the polluted medium. The heat strengthening technology comprises microwave heating, radio frequency heating, resistance heating, hot air injection, high-temperature steam injection and the like, can obviously reduce the purification time, and can remove low-volatility organic matters or semi-volatility organic matters which cannot be removed by the conventional SEV technology. The U-shaped resistance wire as an organic whole in traditional electric heating pipe, under the condition of long-term high temperature heating, the resistance wire easily takes place to warp, takes place the contact with self or outside protection steel pipe to lead to short circuit or ground connection phenomenon, the heating pipe damages. Especially, the longer the resistance wire, the higher the heating temperature, and the longer the heating time, the more serious the resistance wire deformation. The traditional temperature control system is a wired signal transmission system, multiple lines are dragged on the site, signal transmission is affected by the length of the lines, and the signal transmission distance is generally limited. The existing commonly used wireless signal transmission technology is often blocked by obstacles such as buildings and the like, so that signals are weakened or disappear.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electric heating device and a system and a method for in-situ remediation of ultra-deep organic contaminated soil.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electric heating device comprises a conductive core and resistance wires, wherein the resistance wires are a plurality of sections of resistance wires which are independently arranged along the extension direction of the conductive core, two ends of each section of resistance wire are welded on the conductive core, a power supply supplies power to the resistance wires through the conductive core, and the resistance wires are U-shaped or winding-shaped.
Preferably, the conductive core is sleeved with a plurality of insulating fixing pieces for fixing the conductive core, so that the resistance wire is prevented from deforming and contacting in the heating process to cause short circuit, and the insulating and supporting effects are achieved;
the resistance wire is sleeved with an insulating support buckle, and the insulating support buckles which are arranged oppositely are connected through an insulating support rod.
Preferably, the device also comprises a steel pipe protective sleeve, the resistance wire and the conductive core are surrounded in a closed cavity by the steel pipe protective sleeve, and inert gas is filled in the closed cavity and used for slowing down the oxidation degree of the resistance wire and prolonging the service life of the resistance wire.
Preferably, the conductive core is surrounded on top by a stainless steel protective sheath.
Preferably, the resistance wires are connected in parallel.
Preferably, the conductive core is made of stainless steel, and the resistance wire is made of iron winding or nickel winding.
The invention also provides a system for in-situ remediation of ultra-deep organic contaminated soil, which comprises a temperature measuring and controlling device, a surface heat preservation device, a waste gas extraction device and the electric heating device.
Preferably, the temperature measuring and controlling device comprises a temperature sensing system, a signal conversion system, a wireless transmission system, a temperature control computer and an intelligent power supply system;
the temperature sensing system converts the obtained data into an electric signal, the electric signal is converted into a wireless signal through the signal conversion system, the wireless signal is sent to the temperature control computer through the wireless transmission system, and the temperature control computer sends an instruction to the intelligent power supply system through the wireless transmission system so as to control the heating temperature of the electric heating device.
Preferably, the waste gas extraction device comprises an extraction well and an above-ground extraction tail gas condensation treatment device;
the bottom of the extraction well is sealed, a slot is formed in the side wall of the well from the position of 0.5m underground to the bottom of the extraction well and used for pumping waste water and waste gas, and the extraction well is made of carbon steel or stainless steel;
the electric heating devices are arranged in a regular triangle or regular hexagon mode by taking 3 or 6 electric heating devices as a group, all the electric heating devices are connected in a star connection mode, and the extraction well is positioned at the center of the regular triangle or regular hexagon formed by the arrangement of the electric heating devices;
a thermocouple is arranged below the bottom of the extraction well and is used for measuring temperature in real time;
the ground extraction tail gas condensation treatment device comprises a gas-liquid separation device, a multistage air-cooling heat dissipation condensation cooling device, a low-temperature plasma and active carbon tail gas combined treatment device and a vacuum pump which are sequentially connected.
The invention further provides a method for in-situ remediation of ultra-deep organic contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Detecting pollutant components at different depths of soil to be repaired, calculating required electric heating power at different depths, and welding a plurality of resistance wires according to actual requirements;
(2) Inserting a plurality of electric heating devices and extraction wells into the soil to be repaired, paving a heat insulation layer on the surface of the soil to be repaired, and starting a power supply;
(3) Inserting a temperature measuring device into soil to be repaired, converting the measured temperature into a wireless signal, transmitting the wireless signal to a temperature control computer, sending an instruction to an intelligent power supply system by the temperature control computer, adjusting input current, further changing heating power and adjusting heating temperature;
(4) The extraction well extracts the heated gaseous pollutants and the polluted underground water to the ground tail gas condensation treatment device and then discharges the gaseous pollutants and the polluted underground water.
The working principle of the invention is that under the condition of a thermal matrix temperature field formed by heating of an electric heating device, organic pollutants are volatilized from an adsorption state combined with soil under the action of high temperature, chemical oxidation and the like to form gaseous pollutants at a specific temperature, and high-temperature waste gas and wastewater is extracted from the soil by a waste gas extraction device and is treated into gas and liquid reaching the standard to be discharged, so that the soil is purified.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the resistance wire of the invention adopts a multi-section parallel combination mode, the length of each section of resistance wire can be determined according to the actual condition of the soil to be repaired, therefore, compared with a longer resistance wire, the deformation condition is more controllable, the universality is strong, and after the multi-section combination, the ultra-deep heating (1-35 m) can be realized; heating at fixed depth (such as heating at 0-3m, heating at 6-9m, and heating at 9-12m in an electric heating device); heating is accurately positioned (for example, in an electric heating device, resistance wires with different lengths can be welded according to voltage conditions, so that the heating power is 10kw at the position of 0-3m, the heating power is 5kw at the position of 3-6m, and the heating power is 20kw at the position of 6-9 m). Because inert gas is filled between the resistance wire and the steel tube protective sleeve, the oxidation degree of the resistance wire can be reduced, the service life of the resistance wire is effectively prolonged, and the cost is saved. In addition, the temperature control device disclosed by the invention adopts a narrow-band internet of things wireless communication technology based on honeycomb, so that the site monitoring temperature data of the soil to be repaired can be transmitted farther, the energy consumption is lower, the barrier can be effectively penetrated, the site scale limitation is broken through, the temperature control device can be suitable for all organic pollution sites, and especially has incomparable advantages in the repair of the organic pollution soil of large-scale and building-reserved pollution sites.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electric heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for in-situ remediation of ultra-deep organic contaminated soil according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic distribution diagram of the electric heating device and the extraction wells of the present invention, wherein fig. 3a is a regular triangle distribution, and fig. 3b is a regular hexagon distribution.
Description of reference numerals: 1-an electric heating device; 2-a conductive core; 3-resistance wire; 4-insulating support buckle; 41-an insulating rod; 5-insulating fixing pieces; 6-an intelligent power supply system; 7-steel pipe protective sleeve; 8-sealing the cavity; 9-stainless steel protective sleeve; 10-temperature measuring and controlling device; 11-a waste gas extraction unit; 12-an extraction well; 13-an aboveground extraction tail gas condensation treatment device; 131-a gas-liquid separation device; 132-a multistage air-cooling heat dissipation condensation cooling device; 133-low temperature plasma tail gas treatment device; 134-an active carbon tail gas treatment device; 135-vacuum pump; 14-heat insulation layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to examples. It should be understood that the present embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric heating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment: the electric resistance wire comprises a 35 m-long conductive core 2 and a plurality of sections of independent resistance wires 3 which are arranged in parallel along the extension direction of the conductive core 2, wherein each section of resistance wire 3 is 2-3m long, and the resistance wires 3 are U-shaped or annular, wherein the conductive core 2 is fixedly sleeved by a plurality of insulating fixing pieces 5 which are distributed at intervals, so that the conductive core 2 is prevented from shaking, the resistance wires 3 can be prevented from deforming and contacting in the heating process to cause short circuit, and the insulating and supporting functions are achieved. Two ends of each section of resistance wire 3 are welded on the conductive core 2, and the intelligent power supply system 6 supplies power to the resistance wire 3 through the conductive core 2. The resistance wire 3 is sleeved with an insulating support buckle 4, and the insulating support buckles 4 which are oppositely arranged are connected through an insulating rod 41 to realize a fixing function. The resistance wire 3 is surrounded in a closed cavity 8 by the steel pipe protective sleeve 7, and the closed cavity 8 is filled with inert gas for slowing down the oxidation degree of the resistance wire 3 and prolonging the service life of the resistance wire. The top of the conductive core 2 is surrounded by a stainless steel protective sleeve 9; the conductive core 2 is made of stainless steel, and the resistance wire 3 is made of iron winding or nickel winding.
Fig. 2 shows the system for in-situ remediation of ultra-deep organic contaminated soil according to the embodiment: comprises the electric heating device 1, a temperature measuring and controlling device 10 and a waste gas extraction device 11;
the temperature measuring and controlling device 10 comprises a temperature sensing system, a signal conversion system, a wireless transmission system, a temperature control computer and an intelligent power supply system 6, wherein in the working process, the temperature sensing system can detect the heating temperature of the position in real time, convert the obtained data into an electric signal, convert the electric signal into a wireless signal through the signal conversion system, and send the signal to the temperature control computer through the wireless transmission system, the temperature control computer sends an instruction according to the difference between the received signal and the original set temperature and sends the instruction to the intelligent power supply system 6 through the wireless transmission system, and the intelligent power supply system 6 changes the heating voltage so as to control the heating temperature of the electric heating device 1;
the waste gas extraction device 11 mainly comprises an extraction well 12 and an aboveground extraction tail gas condensation treatment device 13, wherein the bottom of the extraction well 12 is sealed, a slot is formed in the well side wall from 0.5m below the ground to the bottom of the extraction well for sucking waste water and waste gas, the extraction well 12 is made of carbon steel or stainless steel, 3 or 6 electric heating devices 1 are arranged in a group in a regular triangle or regular hexagon mode, as shown in fig. 3, all the electric heating devices 1 are connected in a star connection mode, and the extraction well 12 is positioned in the center of the regular triangle (fig. 3 a) or the regular hexagon (fig. 3 b) formed by the arrangement of the electric heating devices 1. A thermocouple is arranged below the bottom of the extraction well 12 and used for measuring temperature in real time. The above-ground extraction tail gas condensation treatment device 13 comprises a gas-liquid separation device 131, a multistage air-cooling heat dissipation condensation cooling device 132, a low-temperature plasma tail gas treatment device 133, an active carbon tail gas treatment device 134 and a vacuum pump 135 which are sequentially connected, wherein the vacuum pump 135 pumps air to form negative pressure in the extraction well 12, after the resistance wire 3 is heated at high temperature, organic pollutants adsorbed on soil and water in the soil are absorbed into the extraction well 12, gas and liquid phases are separated by the gas-liquid separation device 131, a gas phase part is changed into low-temperature gas through the multistage air-cooling heat dissipation condensation cooling device 132, and then the low-temperature gas is treated by the low-temperature plasma tail gas treatment device 133 and the active carbon tail gas treatment device 134 to become dischargeable gas.
The method for in-situ remediation of the ultra-deep organic contaminated soil by using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) The pollutant types and underground vertical distribution conditions of certain soil to be repaired are as follows: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution and polychlorinated biphenyl are mainly generated at the position of 0-8m, the required temperature is 100-200 ℃, chlorinated hydrocarbon organic pollution is mainly generated at the position of 8-16m, the required temperature is 300-500 ℃, proper resistance wires can be welded at the position of 0-8m on the same electric heating device, the heating power of the resistance wires is 20kw, and proper resistance wires are welded at the position of 8-16m, so that the heating power of the resistance wires is 8kw;
(2) Inserting a plurality of electric heating devices and extraction wells into the soil to be repaired, wherein the electric heating devices are connected in a star shape and distributed in a regular hexagon shape, laying a heat insulation layer 14 on the surface of the soil to be repaired, and starting a power supply;
(3) Inserting a temperature measuring device into soil to be repaired, converting the measured temperature into a wireless signal and transmitting the wireless signal to a temperature control computer, when the measured temperature at the position of 0-8m is higher than 200 ℃ or lower than 100 ℃, and the measured temperature at the position of 8-16m is higher than 500 ℃ or lower than 300 ℃, sending an instruction to an intelligent power supply system by the temperature control computer, adjusting the power supply voltage, further changing the heating power at different heating positions, and adjusting the heating temperature;
(4) The extraction well extracts the heated gaseous pollutants and the polluted underground water to the ground tail gas condensation treatment device and then discharges the gaseous pollutants and the polluted underground water.
The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the above description, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the specification of the present invention are still within the technical scope of the invention.