CN107549307B - Anti-mildew method for lucid ganoderma - Google Patents
Anti-mildew method for lucid ganoderma Download PDFInfo
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- CN107549307B CN107549307B CN201711003441.7A CN201711003441A CN107549307B CN 107549307 B CN107549307 B CN 107549307B CN 201711003441 A CN201711003441 A CN 201711003441A CN 107549307 B CN107549307 B CN 107549307B
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Abstract
The scheme discloses a ganoderma lucidum anti-mildew method in the technical field of ganoderma lucidum production, which comprises the following steps: step one, coating glucomannan aqueous solution on the surface of ganoderma lucidum, and then drying the ganoderma lucidum until the water content is within 10%; and step two, coating the dried lucid ganoderma with the mixture, and drying the mixture on the surface of the lucid ganoderma until the water content is less than 8%. The protective film that this scheme formed through outer edible oil and chitosan has reduced the entering of moisture and bacterium, and after bacterium and moisture passed outer protective layer and entered into inside and glucomannan and contact, because glucomannan's hydrophilicity, it can be learned water inflation fast and blockked up glossy ganoderma fungus nest and cavity pipeline to plugged up the passageway that moisture and bacterium continue to move to glossy ganoderma inside, thereby reduced the condition that the glossy ganoderma mildenes and rot and take place.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum production, and particularly relates to a ganoderma lucidum anti-mildew method.
Background
Ganoderma is also called Linzhongling and Qiongzhen, and is the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum of Polyporaceae. Has effects of invigorating qi, tranquilizing mind, relieving cough and asthma, and prolonging life, and can be used for treating vertigo, insomnia, palpitation, short breath, neurasthenia, and cough and asthma due to asthenia. In addition to treating diseases, ganoderma lucidum is often used as bonsai in high-grade rooms, offices, hotels, and other places because of its good ornamental value.
When the lucid ganoderma is used as the bonsai, the lucid ganoderma needs to be dried firstly (generally until the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent), and then the lucid ganoderma is potted as the bonsai, and the time of using the lucid ganoderma as the bonsai is prolonged as the lucid ganoderma loses more water. However, the ganoderma lucidum entity is rich in nutrients such as fungal polysaccharide, protein, amino acid and the like and is very easy to be damaged by worms; meanwhile, the fungus nest and the cavity pipeline of the ganoderma lucidum inoculated spores are distributed all over the body, so that 'flesh' from the back to the inside is completely in a hollow honeycomb cavity which is easy to suck moist bacteria, and when the external temperature is higher than 20 ℃ and the air humidity is higher than 60%, the ganoderma lucidum can mildew and grow insects due to the active propagation of the bacteria.
In response to this situation, Ganoderma lucidum is often brushed with a "varnish" paint to reduce the incidence of mold and moth. Because the varnish has high film forming speed, a layer of protective film can be formed on the surface of the lucid ganoderma, so that the lucid ganoderma is isolated from the outside, and the pot culture time of the lucid ganoderma is prolonged. Varnishes, however, are synthetic paints that contain a large number of chemicals; in order to ensure the food safety, the lucid ganoderma coated with the varnish is difficult to eat; in addition, the varnish has the defects of low coating hardness, poor heat resistance, easy yellowing under the action of ultraviolet light and the like, and the varnish coated on the surface of the ganoderma is easy to yellow and generate chaps, so that bacteria and moisture can enter the fungus tube nest and the cavity pipeline of the ganoderma again, and the storage time of the ganoderma is reduced again.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing ganoderma lucidum from mildewing, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the ganoderma lucidum has poor mildewproof effect and cannot be eaten as varnish is coated on ganoderma lucidum.
The ganoderma lucidum mildew-proof method comprises the following steps:
step one, coating glucomannan aqueous solution on the surface of ganoderma lucidum, and then drying the ganoderma lucidum until the water content is within 10%; wherein the glucomannan aqueous solution comprises 2-5 parts of glucomannan and 45-70 parts of water by weight;
step two, coating the dried lucid ganoderma with the mixture, and drying the mixture on the surface of the lucid ganoderma until the water content is within 8%; the mixture comprises, by weight, 20-30 parts of edible oil and 3-4 parts of chitosan.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the scheme are as follows:
the ganoderma lucidum is coated with a mixture, the mixture contains edible oil and chitosan, the chitosan is semitransparent and has water resistance, and after the chitosan is mixed with the edible oil, the brightness of the ganoderma lucidum is favorably enhanced, so that the ganoderma lucidum has more ornamental value. Coating the mixture on the lucid ganoderma, and then drying for the second time until the content of water in the lucid ganoderma is less than 8 percent, so that the lucid ganoderma is not suitable for the growth of bacteria, and the mildew occurrence probability of the lucid ganoderma is reduced; meanwhile, edible oil and chitosan form a layer of protective film on the surface of the ganoderma lucidum to isolate the ganoderma lucidum from the outside. In addition, both the edible oil and the chitosan have stronger water resistance, so that the situation that moisture enters the interior of the lucid ganoderma is reduced, and meanwhile, the chitosan has stronger bacteriostatic action and can effectively prevent bacteria from invading; when a small amount of water penetrates through the protective film formed by the chitosan and the edible oil, the glucomannan rapidly expands after absorbing the water, and the expanded glucomannan is blocked in the fungus tube nest and the cavity pipeline of the ganoderma lucidum, so that the water and the movement of bacteria to the inside are reduced; thereby further protecting the ganoderma lucidum and reducing the mildew of the ganoderma lucidum. In addition, the glucomannan, the edible oil and the chitosan which are used are all edible substances, do not contain chemical substances, have no adverse effect on the quality of the lucid ganoderma, and the lucid ganoderma serving as the bonsai can still be edible in the later period.
In a word, the protective film that this scheme formed through outer edible oil and chitosan has reduced the entering of moisture and bacterium, and when bacterium and moisture passed outer protective layer and enter inside and the contact back of glucomannan, because glucomannan's hydrophilicity, it can learn water inflation fast and block glossy ganoderma fungus nest and cavity pipeline to block up the passageway that moisture and bacterium continue to move to glossy ganoderma inside, thereby reduced the condition that glossy ganoderma mildenes and rot and take place.
Further, the temperature of the glucomannan water solution is 5-15 ℃. After the temperature of glucomannan reaches 20 ℃, the water absorption of glucomannan is enhanced, and the water solubility is reduced; easily causes the glucomannan to absorb water and swell. The temperature of 5-15 ℃ is adopted, so that the glucomannan is prevented from being excessively expanded while the glucomannan is dissolved in water, and the glucomannan can enter a fungus nest and a cavity pipeline of the lucid ganoderma when the lucid ganoderma is smeared by using a glucomannan water solution.
Further, the mixture also comprises 0.5-1 part by weight of acetic acid. The chitosan is easy to dissolve in acidic substances, and the chitosan and the edible oil are favorably fused by adding acetic acid; meanwhile, acetic acid is acidic and has an inhibiting effect on the growth of bacteria, and after the mixture added with the acetic acid is coated on the ganoderma lucidum, the anti-mildew function of the ganoderma lucidum is better.
Further, the glucomannan aqueous solution comprises 3-4 parts by weight of glucomannan and 50-60 parts by weight of water. The aqueous solution of glucomannan in the proportion has more moderate concentration and is more uniform when being smeared on the ganoderma lucidum, so that the film formed by the glucomannan on the surface of the ganoderma lucidum has better compactness.
Further, the glucomannan aqueous solution comprises 3 parts of glucomannan and 55 parts of water by weight of raw materials.
Furthermore, the mixture comprises 25-30 parts of edible oil and 3-3.5 parts of chitosan by weight. The concentration of chitosan in the mixture of the proportion is more moderate, and the chitosan is more uniform when being smeared on the ganoderma lucidum, so that the film formed by glucomannan on the surface of the ganoderma lucidum has better compactness.
Further, the mixture comprises 25 parts of edible oil and 3.5 parts of chitosan by weight.
Further, before smearing glucomannan water solution on the ganoderma lucidum, firstly drying the ganoderma lucidum until the water content is 11-15%. Drying the lucid ganoderma, wherein the fungus tube nest and the cavity pipeline of the lucid ganoderma are expanded along with the loss of a large amount of water of the lucid ganoderma, so that the smeared glucomannan aqueous solution can enter the fungus tube nest and the cavity pipeline of the lucid ganoderma; and then drying the ganoderma lucidum mycelia to enable the glucomannan in the glucomannan aqueous solution to be left in the fungus nest and the cavity pipeline of the ganoderma lucidum, so that water is lost, the situation that the water content in the ganoderma lucidum is too high is avoided, and the limitation on the growth of bacteria is facilitated.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:
example 1:
an anti-mildew method for ganoderma lucidum comprises the following steps:
step one, drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 11%, coating a glucomannan water solution on the surface of the lucid ganoderma, and then drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 10%; wherein, the glucomannan aqueous solution comprises 3 parts of glucomannan and 55 parts of water by weight of raw materials; when the glucomannan aqueous solution is prepared, the glucomannan is in a normal temperature state, the water is in a temperature range of 5-15 ℃, and the temperature is kept to cause the ganoderma lucidum to be smeared.
Step two, coating the dried lucid ganoderma with the mixture, and drying the mixture on the surface of the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 6%; wherein the mixture comprises 25 parts of edible oil, 3.5 parts of chitosan and 0.8 part of acetic acid. When the mixture is prepared, the chitosan, the edible oil and the acetic acid are mixed uniformly.
Example 2:
an anti-mildew method for ganoderma lucidum comprises the following steps:
step one, drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 15%, coating a glucomannan water solution on the surface of the lucid ganoderma, and then drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 8%; wherein the glucomannan aqueous solution comprises 4 parts of glucomannan and 60 parts of water by weight of raw materials; when preparing the glucomannan aqueous solution, the glucomannan is in a normal temperature state, the water is at 10 ℃, and the temperature is kept to cause the ganoderma lucidum to be smeared.
Step two, coating the dried lucid ganoderma with the mixture, and drying the mixture on the surface of the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 8%; wherein the mixture comprises 20 parts of edible oil, 3 parts of chitosan and 0.5 part of acetic acid by weight. When the mixture is prepared, the chitosan, the edible oil and the acetic acid are mixed uniformly.
Example 3:
an anti-mildew method for ganoderma lucidum comprises the following steps:
step one, drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 13%, coating a glucomannan water solution on the surface of the lucid ganoderma, and then drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 5%; wherein the glucomannan aqueous solution comprises 5 parts of glucomannan and 70 parts of water by weight of raw materials; when preparing the glucomannan aqueous solution, the glucomannan is in a normal temperature state, the water is at 5 ℃, and the temperature is kept to cause the ganoderma lucidum to be smeared.
Step two, coating the dried lucid ganoderma with the mixture, and drying the mixture on the surface of the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 6%; wherein the mixture comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 30 parts of edible oil, 4 parts of chitosan and 1 part of acetic acid. When the mixture is prepared, the chitosan, the edible oil and the acetic acid are mixed uniformly.
Example 4:
an anti-mildew method for ganoderma lucidum comprises the following steps:
step one, drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 14%, coating a glucomannan water solution on the surface of the lucid ganoderma, and then drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 6%; wherein the glucomannan aqueous solution comprises 2 parts of glucomannan and 45 parts of water by weight of raw materials; when preparing the glucomannan aqueous solution, the glucomannan is in a normal temperature state, the water is at 15 ℃, and the temperature is kept to cause the ganoderma lucidum to be smeared.
Step two, coating the dried lucid ganoderma with the mixture, and drying the mixture on the surface of the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 8%; wherein the mixture comprises 20 parts of edible oil, 3 parts of chitosan and 0.8 part of acetic acid by weight. When the mixture is prepared, the chitosan, the edible oil and the acetic acid are mixed uniformly.
Example 5:
an anti-mildew method for ganoderma lucidum comprises the following steps:
step one, drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 12%, coating a glucomannan water solution on the surface of the lucid ganoderma, and then drying the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 7%; wherein the glucomannan aqueous solution comprises 3 parts of glucomannan and 50 parts of water by weight of raw materials; when preparing the glucomannan aqueous solution, the glucomannan is in a normal temperature state, the water is at 11 ℃, and the temperature is kept to cause the ganoderma lucidum to be smeared.
Step two, coating the dried lucid ganoderma with the mixture, and drying the mixture on the surface of the lucid ganoderma until the water content is 8%; wherein the mixture comprises 25 parts of edible oil, 3 parts of chitosan and 0.5 part of acetic acid by weight. When the mixture is prepared, the chitosan, the edible oil and the acetic acid are mixed uniformly.
The edible oil in the embodiments 1 to 5 is preferably selected to have good transparency, and the edible oil with good transparency is beneficial to keeping the original state of the ganoderma lucidum and is more beneficial to viewing of the ganoderma lucidum bonsai.
And (3) experimental comparison:
the lucid ganoderma treated in the examples 1-5, the lucid ganoderma after being dried in the common (comparative example 1) and the lucid ganoderma smeared with varnish (comparative example 2) are placed in the same room as a bonsai for comparison, the time and the degree of the mildew phenomenon are observed, and the data are shown in the following table:
| after 3 months | After 6 months | After 9 months | After 12 months | After 16 months | |
| Example 1 | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of |
| Example 2 | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of |
| Example 3 | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of | Light and slight | Light and slight |
| Example 4 | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of |
| Example 5 | Is free of | Is free of | Is free of | Light and slight | Light and slight |
| Comparative example 1 | Is free of | Light and slight | Of moderate degree | Severe degree | Rot of rice |
| Comparative example 2 | Is free of | Is free of | Light and slight | Of moderate degree | Local rot |
As can be seen from the table, the ganoderma lucidum treated in the examples 1 to 5 has stronger anti-mildew ability; comparative example 1 showed the earliest mildew development and the strongest degree; comparative example 2 was treated with varnish, which was delayed in the mildew time, but the added chemicals affected the edibility of the ganoderma lucidum. The slight mildew of the mixture in the outer layers of examples 3 and 5 occurred after 12 months, probably because the coating of the mixture in the outer layers was not uniform enough, but the mixture was still only slightly mildew after 16 months, because the bacteria and water penetrated through the protective layer formed by the mixture and enter the glucomannan layer, the glucomannan absorbs water and expands rapidly, the fungus tube nest and the cavity pipeline of the ganoderma lucidum are filled, and the water and bacteria are prevented from further moving to the interior of the ganoderma lucidum, so that the mildew expansion of the ganoderma lucidum is delayed.
Claims (6)
1. The method for preventing the mildew of the lucid ganoderma is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, coating glucomannan aqueous solution on the surface of ganoderma lucidum, and then drying the ganoderma lucidum until the water content is within 10%; wherein the glucomannan aqueous solution comprises 2-5 parts of glucomannan and 45-70 parts of water by weight;
step two, coating the dried lucid ganoderma with the mixture, and drying the mixture on the surface of the lucid ganoderma until the water content is within 8%; wherein the raw materials of the mixture and the parts by weight thereof are 20-30 parts of edible oil, 0.5-1 part of acetic acid and 3-4 parts of chitosan; the temperature of the glucomannan water solution is 5-15 ℃.
2. The anti-mildew method of ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials of the glucomannan aqueous solution and the parts by weight thereof are 3-4 parts of glucomannan and 50-60 parts of water.
3. The anti-mildew method of ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the raw materials of the mixture comprise, by weight, 25-30 parts of edible oil, 3-3.5 parts of chitosan and 0.8-1 part of acetic acid.
4. The anti-mold method of ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the raw materials and the parts by weight of the glucomannan aqueous solution are 3 parts of glucomannan and 55 parts of water.
5. The anti-mildew method of ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the raw materials of the mixture and the parts by weight thereof are 25 parts of edible oil, 3.5 parts of chitosan and 0.8 part of acetic acid.
6. The anti-mildew method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 5, wherein: before smearing glucomannan aqueous solution on the ganoderma lucidum, drying the ganoderma lucidum until the water content is 11-15%.
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Citations (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010124131A1 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-28 | State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregaon State University | Flexible films and methods of making and using flexible films |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010124131A1 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-28 | State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregaon State University | Flexible films and methods of making and using flexible films |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "壳聚糖涂膜对鲜食玉米保鲜的技术研究";何余堂等;《沈阳师范大学学报（自然科学报）》;20151031;第33卷(第4期);第498-501页 * |
| "魔芋葡甘聚糖在食品中的应用";吴绍艳等;《食品研究与开发》;20050430;第26卷(第2期);第7-9页 * |
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