CN107546066B - Small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in laboratory - Google Patents
Small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in laboratory Download PDFInfo
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- CN107546066B CN107546066B CN201710977036.9A CN201710977036A CN107546066B CN 107546066 B CN107546066 B CN 107546066B CN 201710977036 A CN201710977036 A CN 201710977036A CN 107546066 B CN107546066 B CN 107546066B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control in a laboratory, which comprises a stepping motor, a motor flange and a sealing cavity, wherein the sealing cavity is filled with insulating oil or 0.2-0.5MPa of gas medium, which is favorable for weakening electric breakdown caused by a high-voltage wire; the electrode surface curvature between the movable electrode inside the switch device and the high-voltage lead is large, and under the turn-off state of the device, the destructive influence possibly brought by the creepage phenomenon can be effectively inhibited through the design of a plurality of ceramic structures. The invention has the advantages of modular design, simple material, automatic control by the stepping motor, safety, effectiveness, small volume, wide application occasions and application research fields, high controllable voltage, strong practicability, relatively reduced economic cost and increased variety of high-voltage mechanical switches.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control in a laboratory, and belongs to a mechanical switching device in the field of high-voltage electricity.
Background
The development of high voltage technology started in the beginning of the 20 th century and has become an important branch of the electrical science to date. However, China also becomes a large power transmission country with the highest alternating-current and direct-current power transmission voltage, the largest power transmission capacity and the farthest power transmission distance in the world, and a plurality of perfect high-voltage research bases exist in China.
The 1KV-220KV in the high-voltage transmission line is high voltage, the high-voltage switch in the current commercial high-voltage transmission line is generally large in size, the switch in the laboratory high-voltage research is generally a semiconductor thyristor, but the thyristor is low in voltage resistance value, serious in heating, high in process requirement and expensive in manufacturing cost, and the existing mechanical high-voltage switch is few in type, small in complete coefficient and large in size.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in a laboratory, which aims to reduce the size of a high-voltage switch, realize controllable automation, improve the safety coefficient of the high-voltage switch, reduce the manufacturing cost, add the types of high-voltage mechanical switches in the laboratory and meet various requirements of high-voltage research in the laboratory.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a laboratory is used for the small-scale automatic mechanical switching device of high-pressure control, stepping motor, motor flange and seal chamber that include connect gradually, the said seal chamber include can dismantle seal chamber flange, seal chamber and two high-pressure electrode flange mouths linking with the cylindrical side of seal chamber, the said inside shaft coupling and switching device including linking with seal chamber flange of seal chamber, the said shaft coupling connects stepping motor and switching device, the said switching device includes ceramic hanging wall, ceramic lower plate and ceramic hanging wall, the movable electrode between the ceramic lower plate, two high-pressure banana connectors, two semicircular barriers, two hollow U-shaped barriers and two U-shaped ceramic spacers, said two high-pressure banana connectors and two hollow U-shaped barriers connect alternately in proper order and form a coaxial hollow ring, wherein two high-pressure banana connectors account for the circumference of the whole ring between 1/6 and 1/10, the two semicircular blocking parts are connected with a coaxial ring, the U-shaped ceramic blocking part can slide in a contact manner in the hollow U-shaped blocking part and the high-voltage banana connector, the movable electrode is formed by connecting a copper connecting rod and a copper ball, the diameter of the copper ball is equal to that of a hollow cylinder in the hollow U-shaped blocking part and the high-voltage banana connector, the ceramic upper disc and the ceramic lower disc internally comprise a first isolation ring, a second isolation ring, a third isolation ring, a fourth isolation ring and a U-shaped clamping groove, the first isolation ring, the second isolation ring, the third isolation ring and the fourth isolation ring are of a coaxial structure, a circular groove between the second isolation ring and the third isolation ring is used as a sliding groove of the semicircular blocking part, and a circular groove between the cylindrical boundary of the ceramic upper disc and the fourth isolation ring in the ceramic lower disc is used as a groove for placing the high-voltage banana connector And a sliding groove of the hollow U-shaped blocking piece.
The middle of the sealing cavity flange and the sealing cavity is filled with insulating oil or a gas medium of 0.2-0.5MPa, and the insulating oil or the gas medium can be any one of the following three gases or any mixture thereof: pure air, N2、SF6。
The movable electrode and the high-voltage banana connector are all made of copper materials, the motor flange, the sealing cavity and the high-voltage electrode flange are all made of stainless steel materials, and the coupler, the ceramic upper disc, the ceramic lower disc, the semicircular blocking piece, the hollow U-shaped blocking piece and the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece are all made of ceramic materials.
The movable electrode connected to the stepping motor through the coupler can rotate around the axis of the first isolation ring between the upper ceramic disc and the lower ceramic disc, and the stepping motor can only rotate 90 degrees at each time.
One high-voltage electrode flange port is responsible for leading-in of high-voltage leads, and the other high-voltage electrode flange port is responsible for leading-out of the high-voltage leads.
And a lead led in from the high-voltage electrode flange port is connected to a high-voltage banana connector of the switch device, and a lead led out from the high-voltage electrode flange port is connected to another high-voltage banana connector of the switch device.
The two high-voltage banana connectors and the two hollow U-shaped blocking pieces are alternately connected to form a coaxial ring, and the hollow groove of the coaxial ring allows the copper ball on the movable electrode and the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece to contact and slide in the coaxial ring.
When the copper ball is contacted with the high-voltage banana connector, the switch is conducted; after the stepping motor is switched on, the stepping motor rotates 90 degrees, and the switch is switched off.
The high-pressure banana connector protruding part is fixed in a U-shaped clamping groove between the ceramic upper disc and the ceramic lower disc.
The movable electrode rotates to push the semicircular barrier piece and the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece to slide in the corresponding grooves.
The stepping motor, the coupler, the ceramic upper disc, the ceramic lower disc, the movable electrode, the high-voltage banana connector, the semicircular barrier piece, the hollow U-shaped barrier piece and the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece are all modularized, and are convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.
The relative heights of the first isolation ring, the second isolation ring, the third isolation ring and the fourth isolation ring are different.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the switch device is placed in sealed insulating oil or high-voltage insulating gas medium, so that the numerical upper limit of the high voltage borne by the device can be greatly improved.
(2) The invention is more practical, the high-voltage lead is connected through the high-voltage banana connector, the epsilon value of the insulating medium determines the relative thickness of high-voltage breakdown, and the insulating solid part adopts high-voltage ceramic as a material, so that the risk of electric breakdown is reduced.
(3) According to the invention, the upper ceramic disc, the first isolation ring, the second isolation ring, the third isolation ring and the fourth isolation ring in the lower ceramic disc are equivalent to high-voltage umbrella skirts, when the switch is disconnected, the distance between the high-voltage banana connector and the movable electrode is greatly increased, and the threat caused by high-voltage creepage is reduced.
(4) The copper ball on the movable electrode can contact and move in the hollow groove of the high-voltage banana connector, and the design of the copper ball considers that the curvature radius of the contact electrode is increased, so that the probability of corona discharge is favorably reduced.
(5) When the movable electrode rotates to be perpendicular to the high-voltage banana connector, the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece can slide in the hollow groove in a contact mode along with the thrust of the copper ball on the movable electrode, and the high-voltage banana connector directly contacts with a ceramic medium, so that the insulation, robustness and safety of the switch device after being disconnected are firmer.
(6) The stepping motor, the coupler, the ceramic upper disc, the ceramic lower disc, the movable electrode, the high-voltage banana connector, the semicircular barrier piece, the hollow U-shaped barrier piece and the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece are all modularized.
(7) The invention has smart structure, thereby reducing the cost of materials, and the main materials are stainless steel, copper and ceramic, have no noble metal and are easy to process.
(8) The invention has the advantages of relatively small volume and large space saving rate, and is particularly suitable for capacitor charging and discharging, material breakdown voltage test and disconnection test of a high-voltage circuit branch circuit in a laboratory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an external structure of a small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a symmetrical cross-sectional structure of a small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a switchgear of a small-sized automatic mechanical switchgear for high voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of a switchgear of a small-sized automatic mechanical switchgear for high voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a high voltage banana connector structure of a small automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a movable electrode structure of a small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a hollow U-shaped stopper of a small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a U-shaped ceramic isolator for a small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the joints of the upper and lower ceramic plates of a small automatic mechanical switching device for high voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional effect diagram of a symmetric cross section of a small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a three-dimensional effect of a small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control according to the present invention with a sealing chamber flange removed;
FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional effect diagram of a switching device of a small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control used in a laboratory according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional effect diagram of the inside of the small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high voltage control according to the present invention after the ceramic upper plate is removed;
FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional effect diagram of the interior of a small automatic mechanical switching device for high voltage control in a laboratory of the present invention with the ceramic upper plate, a high voltage banana joint and a hollow U-shaped stopper removed.
In the figure: 1. a stepping motor; 2. a motor flange; 3. a sealed cavity flange; 4. a high-voltage electrode flange port; 5. sealing the cavity; 6. a coupling; 7. a ceramic upper plate; 8. a high pressure banana joint; 9. a ceramic bottom wall; 10. a movable electrode; 11. a semicircular blocking member; 12. a hollow U-shaped stopper; a U-shaped ceramic spacer; 901. a first cage; 902. a second cage; 903. a third cage; 904. a fourth cage; 905, a U-shaped clamping groove; 101. copper balls; 102. copper connecting rod.
Detailed Description
The following description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings and specific examples:
as shown in figures 1, 2 and 10, the small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in a laboratory comprises a stepping motor 1, a motor flange 2, a sealing cavity flange 3, a sealing cavity 5 and a high-voltage electrode flange port 4 when viewed from the outside, and a coupler 6 is arranged inside the sealing cavity 5 and is used for connecting the stepping motor 1 with a movable electrode 10 of the switch device.
As shown in figures 11 and 12, the small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control in a laboratory is characterized in that a ceramic lower disc 9 of the switching device in a sealed cavity 5 is in contact with the sealed cavity 5, the switching device is provided with a pair of symmetrical high-voltage banana connectors 8, a ceramic upper disc 7 and the ceramic lower disc 9 are modularly detachable, and a square hole is formed in the plane of a coupler 6 and connected with a rotor of a stepping motor 1.
As shown in fig. 2-10 and fig. 13-14, the small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in a laboratory of the invention, two high-voltage banana connectors 8 and two hollow U-shaped blocking pieces 12 can be alternately connected to form a coaxial ring, and the inside of the coaxial ring is of a hollow structure which also forms a coaxial ring, and the hollow ring can enable a copper ball 101 and a U-shaped ceramic isolating piece 13 to slide through the coaxial ring in a contact manner; when the copper ball 101 is in contact with the high voltage banana connectors 8, the whole movable electrode 10 makes the two high voltage banana connectors 8 conductive.
As shown in fig. 9, 10, 13 and 14, in the small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention, a movable electrode 10 is driven by a stepping motor 1 to rotate around a central axis of a first isolation ring 901, and two semicircular barriers 11 slide along a groove between a second isolation ring 902 and a third isolation ring 903 as a copper connecting rod 102 in the movable electrode 10 pushes; because the two high-voltage banana connectors 8 are just fixed in the U-shaped clamping grooves 905 in the upper ceramic disc 7 and the lower ceramic disc 9, a coaxial ring formed by alternately connecting the two high-voltage banana connectors 8 and the two hollow U-shaped blocking pieces 12 cannot move; the two U-shaped ceramic spacers 13 will slide in contact along the hollow U-shaped stopper 12 and the cylindrical hollow groove in the high voltage banana joint 8 as pushed by the copper ball 101 in the movable electrode 10.
As shown in fig. 2, 10 and 11, the small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in a laboratory of the present invention is configured such that a high-voltage wire is led in from one high-voltage electrode flange port 4 and led out from the other high-voltage electrode flange port 4, and the led-in wire is connected to one high-voltage banana connector 8 and the led-out wire is connected to the other high-voltage banana connector 8.
As shown in fig. 9, the inner surfaces of the upper ceramic disk 7 and the lower ceramic disk 9 of the small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control in the laboratory of the present invention all include a first isolation ring 901, a second isolation ring 902, a third isolation ring 903, and a fourth isolation ring 904, but the heights of the isolation rings are different, and the isolation rings have the common function of increasing the length of the breakdown medium and have the different functions of providing a slot for other components.
The specific implementation steps are as follows:
referring to fig. 1 to 14, a small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high voltage control in a laboratory according to the present invention is to put a copper ball 101 and a U-shaped ceramic spacer 13 of a movable electrode 10 into a hollow groove of a hollow U-shaped stopper 12, and then to alternately connect two high voltage banana connectors 8 and two hollow U-shaped stoppers 12, and also to connect two semicircular stoppers 11 to a copper rod 102 of the movable electrode 10.
Further, the above-described connected modules are placed in the corresponding grooves of the ceramic bottom plate 9, wherein the protruding part of the high-pressure banana connector 8 should be placed in the U-shaped slot 905 of the ceramic bottom plate 9, the semicircular blocking piece 11 is placed in the groove between the second isolation ring 902 and the third isolation ring 903, and the hollow U-shaped blocking piece 12 is placed in the groove between the fourth isolation ring 904 and the boundary of the ceramic bottom plate 9.
Further, the upper ceramic plate 7 is symmetrically covered on the lower ceramic plate 9, so that the module between the two plates is firmly fixed. The whole switching device is then fixed to the bottom surface of the sealed chamber 5 and then calibrated to ensure that the movable electrode 10 is perpendicular to the U-shaped slot 905 between the upper ceramic disk 7 and the lower ceramic disk 9.
Furthermore, the leading-in and leading-out ends of high-voltage wires are respectively connected with a high-voltage banana connector 8 of a switching device after passing through a high-voltage electrode flange port 4, then are connected with a stepping motor 1 through a coupler 6, the whole sealing cavity 5 is sealed through a sealing cavity flange 3, and finally insulating oil or a 0.2-0.5MPa gas medium is injected into the sealing chamber, wherein the insulating oil or the 0.2-0.5MPa gas medium can be any one of the following three gases or any mixture thereof: pure air, N2、SF6。
After the assembly is finished, the connection and the disconnection of the high-voltage line can be realized only by remotely controlling the rotation of the stepping motor 1, and the stepping motor 1 can only rotate 90 degrees at each step, namely the small-sized automatic mechanical switching device for high-voltage control in a laboratory can only work in an opening state and a closing state.
Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a laboratory is with small-size automatic mechanical switching device who is used for high-voltage control which characterized in that: the device comprises a stepping motor, a motor flange and a sealing cavity body which are sequentially connected, wherein the sealing cavity body comprises a detachable sealing cavity flange, a sealing cavity and two high-voltage electrode flange ports connected with the side surface of a sealing cavity cylinder, the inside of the sealing cavity comprises a coupler and a switching device which are connected with the sealing cavity flange, the coupler is connected with the stepping motor and the switching device, the switching device comprises a ceramic upper disc, a ceramic lower disc, a ceramic upper disc, a movable electrode between the ceramic lower discs, two high-voltage banana connectors, two semicircular barriers, two hollow U-shaped barriers and two U-shaped ceramic isolating pieces, the two high-voltage banana connectors and the two hollow U-shaped barriers are sequentially and alternately connected to form a coaxial hollow circular ring, wherein the two high-voltage banana connectors occupy the circumference of the whole circular ring between 1/6 and 1/10, the two semicircular blocking pieces are connected with a coaxial circular ring, the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece can slide in a contact manner in the hollow U-shaped blocking piece and the high-voltage banana connector, the movable electrode is formed by connecting a copper connecting rod and a copper ball, the diameter of the copper ball is equal to the diameter of the hollow U-shaped blocking piece and the hollow cylinder inside the high-voltage banana connector, the inner parts of the upper ceramic disc and the lower ceramic disc comprise a first isolation ring, a second isolation ring, a third isolation ring, a fourth isolation ring and a U-shaped clamping groove, the first isolation ring, the second isolation ring, the third isolation ring and the fourth isolation ring are of a coaxial structure, a circular groove between the second isolation ring and the third isolation ring is used as a sliding groove of a semicircular blocking piece, and a circular groove between a cylindrical boundary of the ceramic upper disc and the ceramic lower disc and the fourth isolation ring inside the ceramic upper disc and the ceramic lower disc is used as a sliding groove for placing a high-pressure banana connector and a hollow U-shaped blocking piece.
2. The laboratory for high voltage control of claim 1Type automatic mechanical switching device, its characterized in that: insulating oil or a gas medium of 0.2-0.5MPa is filled between the sealing cavity flange and the sealing cavity, and the gas medium is any one of the following three gases or any mixture thereof: pure air, N2、SF6。
3. The laboratory small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control according to claim 1, characterized in that: the movable electrode and the high-voltage banana connector are all made of copper materials, the motor flange, the sealing cavity and the high-voltage electrode flange are all made of stainless steel materials, and the coupler, the ceramic upper disc, the ceramic lower disc, the semicircular blocking piece, the hollow U-shaped blocking piece and the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece are all made of ceramic materials.
4. The laboratory small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control according to claim 1, characterized in that: the movable electrode connected to the stepping motor through the coupler can rotate around the axis of the first isolation ring between the upper ceramic disc and the lower ceramic disc, and the stepping motor can only rotate 90 degrees at each time.
5. The laboratory small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control according to claim 1, characterized in that: one high-voltage electrode flange port is responsible for leading in the high-voltage lead, and the other high-voltage electrode flange port is responsible for leading out the high-voltage lead.
6. The laboratory small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a lead led in from the high-voltage electrode flange port is connected to a high-voltage banana connector of the switch device, and a lead led out from the high-voltage electrode flange port is connected to another high-voltage banana connector of the switch device.
7. The laboratory small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two high-voltage banana connectors and the two hollow U-shaped blocking pieces are alternately connected to form a coaxial ring, and the hollow groove of the coaxial ring allows the copper ball on the movable electrode and the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece to contact and slide in the coaxial ring.
8. The laboratory small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the copper ball is contacted with the high-voltage banana connector, the switch is conducted; after the stepping motor is switched on, the stepping motor rotates 90 degrees, and the switch is switched off.
9. The laboratory small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-pressure banana connector protruding part is fixed in a U-shaped clamping groove between the ceramic upper disc and the ceramic lower disc.
10. The laboratory small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high voltage control according to claim 1, characterized in that: the movable electrode rotates to push the semicircular barrier piece and the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece to slide in the corresponding grooves; the stepping motor, the coupler, the ceramic upper disc, the ceramic lower disc, the movable electrode, the high-voltage banana connector, the semicircular barrier piece, the hollow U-shaped barrier piece and the U-shaped ceramic isolating piece are all modularized, so that the dismounting, the mounting and the maintenance are convenient; the relative heights of the first isolation ring, the second isolation ring, the third isolation ring and the fourth isolation ring are different.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710977036.9A CN107546066B (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2017-10-19 | Small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in laboratory |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710977036.9A CN107546066B (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2017-10-19 | Small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in laboratory |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107546066A CN107546066A (en) | 2018-01-05 |
| CN107546066B true CN107546066B (en) | 2020-04-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710977036.9A Active CN107546066B (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2017-10-19 | Small-sized automatic mechanical switch device for high-voltage control in laboratory |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1248137B (en) * | 1965-12-31 | 1967-08-24 | Rau Swf Autozubehoer | Contact arrangement in an electrical switch |
| FR2618251B1 (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1989-11-17 | Merlin Gerin | ROTARY SWITCH WITH MIGRATION CURVE TRACK OF AN ARC ROOT. |
| DE102011118713A1 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2012-09-27 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Single or multi-pole switching device, in particular for DC applications |
| CN205452125U (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-08-10 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Contact rotary switch device |
| CN207425700U (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-05-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of use for laboratory is in the small automatic mechanical switching device of high voltage control |
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2017
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Address after: No.443 Huangshan Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230022 Patentee after: University of Science and Technology of China Address before: 230026 Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui Province, No. 96 Patentee before: University of Science and Technology of China |