CN107545817A - A kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method - Google Patents
A kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107545817A CN107545817A CN201711046849.2A CN201711046849A CN107545817A CN 107545817 A CN107545817 A CN 107545817A CN 201711046849 A CN201711046849 A CN 201711046849A CN 107545817 A CN107545817 A CN 107545817A
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- container
- soap film
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- demonstrating
- thickness interference
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method, the device includes the container that top is provided with circular open, and when circular open is sealed with soap film, container inner pressure can be adjusted, when container inner pressure changes, the shape of soap film can be made to change；Equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method provided by the invention, the interference pattern of Newton's ring can be both shown, the interference pattern of splitter can also be shown.In addition, the present apparatus can not only exhibition centre is thin, periphery is thick equal thickness interference pattern, can also exhibition centre is thick, edge is thin equal thickness interference pattern.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to physical experiment apparatus field, specifically a kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method.
Background technology
Film interference is divided into two kinds, and one kind is equal inclination interference, and another kind is referred to as equal thickness interference.Equal thickness interference is by directional light
Incide on film, in the interference fringe that film is formed about.Film thickness identical place forms brightness identical interference bar
Line, therefore claim equal thickness interference.
Newton's ring and plate wedge interference all belong to equal thickness interference.Its production and living practice in play the role of it is very big, such as
Optical wavelength is measured, length, thickness and the angle of small items is accurately measured, detects the finish of workpiece surface and smooth
A variety of applications such as the internal stress of degree and machine components distribution.It can thus be appreciated that equal thickness interference occupy in university's Optical Courses it is important
Status, allow classmates to be better understood from equal thickness interference phenomenon while theories of learning knowledge and have great importance.
Newton's ring device typically a plane and a larger sphere of radius of curvature made of optical glass form,
A splitter shape thin layer of air is formed between two surfaces.By taking convex surface as an example, when monochromatic light vertical incidence, incident light is in air
The upper and lower surface of thin layer is reflected successively, and phenomenon will be interfered by being met in lens surface.Air film thickness identical
Square interference fringe is identical, and this interference is referred to as equal thickness interference.The interference fringe is a series of light and shade phases centered on contact point
Between donut, referred to as Newton's ring.
Equal thickness interference instrument is mainly made up of reading microscope and newton's ring device used in laboratory at present, most of at present
The experimental method of school is to observe Newton's ring phenomenon by reading microscope, and student observes in microscope, is recorded in the visual field
Fringe number, the reading of scale in Equal-Thickness Interferometer is then read, then write by hand is carried out to reading, the laboratory report submitted is all
It is based on the experimental data of write by hand.Not only view volume is huge for traditional equal thickness interference instrument, Preparatory work of experiment time length, and
Observe extremely difficult, extremely easy generation mistake.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned existing equal thickness interference instrument, not only view volume is huge, Preparatory work of experiment time length, and observes
It is extremely difficult, it is easy to produce the problems such as wrong, the present invention provides a kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating, the device include the container that top is provided with circular open, and circular open soap film
During sealing, container inner pressure can be adjusted, and when container inner pressure changes, the shape of soap film can be made to change.
The container is made up of elastomeric material.
The container is the extrudable plastic bottle deformed.
The bottom of the container side wall is provided with pressure modulating opening.
The container is transparent vessel.
A kind of demenstration method using equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating as described above, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：The top of device is immersed in soap solution, then taken out, now, one can be formed at container head opening's edge
Layer soap film；
Step 2：Reduce gas in container pressure by adjusting, it is in concave to cause soap film；Now can be from soap film
Newton's ring pattern is observed in reflected light, outmost turns are dark fringe, and center is speck or blackening；
Step 3：Increase gas in container pressure by adjusting, soap film rise, soap film is turned into plane, then tilt dress
Put, splitter pattern can be now observed from the reflected light of soap film, be equidistant interference fringe；
Step 4：Device is recovered into the state before tilting, continues to increase gas in container pressure by regulation, soap film raises,
It is in convex shape to cause soap film；Newton's ring pattern can be now observed from the reflected light of soap film, center is blackening, most
Outer ring is dark fringe or bright rays.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method provided by the invention, can both show the interference pattern of Newton's ring, can also
Show the interference pattern of splitter.In addition, the present apparatus can not only exhibition centre is thin, periphery is thick equal thickness interference pattern, can also
The equal thickness interference pattern that exhibition centre is thick, edge is thin；
Total quality of the present invention is light, can carry with demonstration, occupy little space.The present invention can be tested quickly, be had simultaneously
There is obviously phenomenon, be easy to demonstrate the popularization of equal thickness interference phenomenon and physical knowledge in teaching.Simultaneously because do not make
With light microscope, the high optical equipment of the cost such as flat pattern laser beam, experiment is completed using only the low common optical elements of cost,
There is the stronger market competitiveness for other equal thickness interference instruments.The present invention have it is easy to carry, easy to operate, cost is cheap,
Observation effect is good, it is applied widely, be easy to the advantages that teaching demonstration.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structure principle chart one；
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention structure principle chart two；
Fig. 3 is apparatus of the present invention structure principle chart three；
Fig. 4 is the interference pattern of Newton's ring in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the interference pattern of splitter in Fig. 2；
Fig. 6 is the interference pattern of Newton's ring in Fig. 3；
Reference：1st, container, 2, pressure modulating opening, 3, Newton's ring, 4, splitter.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
As shown in the figure：A kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating, the device includes the container 1 that top is provided with circular open, described
For container 1 in funnel-form, the bottom of the side wall of container 1 is provided with pressure modulating opening 2, when the circular open of container 1 is sealed with soap film, holds
Pressure can be adjusted by the way that pressure modulating opening 2 is inflated for deflated in device 1, when container inner pressure changes, can send out the shape of soap film
It is raw to change.
A kind of demenstration method using upper described equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：The top of device is immersed in soap solution, then taken out, now, one can be formed at container head opening's edge
Layer soap film；
Step 2：Reduce gas in container pressure by adjusting, it is in concave to cause soap film；Now can be from soap film
Observe that such as the Newton's ring pattern in Fig. 4, outmost turns are dark fringe in reflected light, center is speck or blackening；
Step 3：Increase gas in container pressure by adjusting, soap film rise, soap film is turned into plane, then tilt dress
Put, can now be observed from the reflected light of soap film such as the splitter pattern in Fig. 5, be equidistant interference fringe；
Step 4：Device is recovered into the state before tilting, continues to increase gas in container pressure by regulation, soap film raises,
It is in convex shape to cause soap film；It can now be observed from the reflected light of soap film such as the Newton's ring pattern in Fig. 6, center
For blackening, outmost turns are dark fringe or bright rays.
Traditional equal thickness interference device is divided into Newton's ring and splitter, and both of which is made by hard transparent materials such as glass.This dress
The interference pattern of Newton's ring can both be shown by putting, and can also show the interference pattern of splitter.In addition, the present apparatus can not only be shown
The equal thickness interference pattern that center is thin, periphery is thick, can also exhibition centre is thick, edge is thin equal thickness interference pattern.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating, it is characterised in that：The device includes the container that top is provided with circular open（1）, and When circular open is sealed with soap film, container inner pressure can be adjusted, and when container inner pressure changes, can make the shape of soap film Change.
- 2. equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The container（1）It is made up of elastomeric material.
- 3. equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The container（1）For extrudable deformation Plastic bottle.
- 4. equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The container（1）The bottom of side wall is provided with Pressure modulating opening（2）.
- 5. equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The container（1）For transparent vessel.
- 6. a kind of demenstration method using equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that including following Step：Step 1：The top of device is immersed in soap solution, then taken out, now, one can be formed at container head opening's edge Layer soap film；Step 2：Reduce gas in container pressure by adjusting, it is in concave to cause soap film；Now can be from soap film Newton's ring pattern is observed in reflected light, outmost turns are dark fringe, and center is speck or blackening；Step 3：Increase gas in container pressure by adjusting, soap film rise, soap film is turned into plane, then tilt dress Put, splitter pattern can be now observed from the reflected light of soap film, be equidistant interference fringe；Step 4：Device is recovered into the state before tilting, continues to increase gas in container pressure by regulation, soap film raises, It is in convex shape to cause soap film；Newton's ring pattern can be now observed from the reflected light of soap film, center is blackening, most Outer ring is dark fringe or bright rays.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711046849.2A CN107545817B (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | A kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711046849.2A CN107545817B (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | A kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107545817A true CN107545817A (en) | 2018-01-05 |
| CN107545817B CN107545817B (en) | 2019-09-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711046849.2A Expired - Fee Related CN107545817B (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | A kind of equal thickness interference apparatus for demonstrating and demenstration method |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102622933A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-08-01 | 江南大学 | Soap film interference demonstration instrument |
| CN202749002U (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2013-02-20 | 无锡工艺职业技术学院 | Thin-film interference experimental device |
| US9011160B1 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2015-04-21 | Joseph John Bendik, Jr. | High-contrast soap film magnification device |
-
2017
- 2017-10-31 CN CN201711046849.2A patent/CN107545817B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102622933A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-08-01 | 江南大学 | Soap film interference demonstration instrument |
| CN202749002U (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2013-02-20 | 无锡工艺职业技术学院 | Thin-film interference experimental device |
| US9011160B1 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2015-04-21 | Joseph John Bendik, Jr. | High-contrast soap film magnification device |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘益民: "《光的颜色 色散》教学设计", 《中学物理教学参考》 * |
| 李彦合: "高中物理自制教具——薄膜干涉实验的改进", 《物理教师》 * |
| 程玉林: "光的干涉现象中两个实验的改进", 《中学物理教学参考》 * |
| 高华，孙书洋等: "干涉法探究竖直面内肥皂膜膜厚的分布规律", 《中国现代教育设备》 * |
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| CN107545817B (en) | 2019-09-17 |
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Granted publication date: 20190917 Termination date: 20201031 |