CN107544004B - A kind of detection device of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage - Google Patents
A kind of detection device of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage Download PDFInfo
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- CN107544004B CN107544004B CN201710505303.2A CN201710505303A CN107544004B CN 107544004 B CN107544004 B CN 107544004B CN 201710505303 A CN201710505303 A CN 201710505303A CN 107544004 B CN107544004 B CN 107544004B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of detection devices of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage, including thermally stimulated current sensor, signal detection and amplifying circuit, single-chip microcontroller and the warning circuit sequentially connected.Thermally stimulated current sensor detects the heat radiation energy of broken skin electric wire exposed section in building body and is converted into corresponding analog electrical signal, digital signal is converted into after analog electrical signal is amplified and be filtered by signal detection and amplifying circuit, numerical value calculating and compared with preset threshold is carried out to digital signal into single-chip microcontroller, and when resulting value is greater than preset threshold after determining that digital signal value calculates, exports alarm signal and give warning circuit alert.Implement the present invention, it is time saving and energy saving, and can precisely measure the position of transmission pressure broken skin damage within the walls.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building detection technique field more particularly to a kind of detections of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage
Device.
Background technique
People are embedded within the walls plastic insulated wire cord for electrical equipment electric energy usually in various building bodies for beauty
Transmission.However, plastics meeting aging cracking, dielectric level substantially reduces, when route mistake after plastic insulated wire cord long-time use
When carrying or is short-circuit, it is easier to accelerate the damage of insulation.If there is the exposed electric wire of broken skin is in building body, wall dampness and it is various
Under the action of corrosion, exposed part Accumulative damage, eventual failure.And the exposed electric wire of broken skin can cause large area to be leaked electricity, danger
And personal safety, when high current, are also possible to that fire can be caused, and cause huge economic loss.Therefore, design one it is easy to be defeated
Electric lead broken skin damage detection apparatus has great importance to the safety and reliability for improving building.
Currently, common detection method is just powered off, and all loads are disconnected, then is measured between core and wall with megameter
Insulation resistance judge that transmission pressure broken skin is damaged, but this method is time-consuming and laborious, and it is broken to measure transmission pressure within the walls
The position of skin lesion wound.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome shortcoming and deficiency in the prior art, it is broken to provide a kind of building body interior insulation electric wire
The detection device of skin lesion wound, it is time saving and energy saving, and can precisely measure the position of transmission pressure broken skin damage within the walls.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of damages of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin
Detection device, including thermally stimulated current sensor, signal detection and amplifying circuit, single-chip microcontroller and the warning circuit sequentially connected；
Wherein,
The thermally stimulated current sensor, for detecting the heat radiation energy of broken skin electric wire exposed section and conversion in building body
At corresponding analog electrical signal；
The signal detection and amplifying circuit, for being converted into number after the analog electrical signal is amplified and is filtered
Signal；
The single-chip microcontroller for carrying out numerical value calculating to the digital signal and compared with preset threshold, and is determining institute
State digital signal value calculate after resulting value be greater than the preset threshold when, export alarm signal；
The warning circuit, for receiving the alarm signal and alert.
Wherein, the signal detection and amplifying circuit include pre-amplification circuit, second amplifying circuit, three-level amplification electricity
Road, high-pass filter, low-pass filter and matching impedance circuit；Wherein,
The input terminal of the pre-amplification circuit is connected with the thermally stimulated current sensor, and output end and the high pass are filtered
The input terminal of wave device is connected, and two simulation trials with the input that is in parallel by amplifying and improving input impedance for level-one are put
Big device and an analog computing amplifier for differential amplification form；The pre-amplification circuit is used for the analog telecommunications
It number amplifies and realizes common mode inhibition；
The output end of the high-pass filter is connected with the input terminal of the second amplifying circuit comprising filter capacitor and
The analog computing amplifier composition of two concatenations；The high-pass filter is used to be isolated and come from what the analog electrical signal entered
The voltage signal that External Heat Flux generates；
The output end of the second amplifying circuit is connected with the input terminal of the low-pass filter, by a homophase input
Analog computing amplifier composition；The second amplifying circuit is used to carry out the analog electrical signal after the filtering isolation secondary
Amplification；
The output end of the low-pass filter is connected with the input terminal of the three-stage amplifier, by second-order filter capacitor
With two analog computing amplifier concatenated compositions；The low-pass filter be used for the analog electrical signal of the secondary amplification into
Row high-frequency noise is eliminated；
The output end of the three-stage amplifier is connected with the input terminal of the matching impedance circuit, is transported by analog-to-digital conversion
Calculate amplifier composition；The three-stage amplifier is used to that the analog electrical signal for eliminating high-frequency noise to be amplified and be converted
At corresponding digital signal；
The output end of the matching impedance circuit is connected with the single-chip microcontroller, by differential operational amplifier and transistor group
At；The matching impedance circuit is for being consistent voltage swing when outputting and inputting and phase of the digital signal.
Wherein, the model AD620 that the analog-to-digital conversion operational amplifier in the three-stage amplifier uses.
Wherein, the model LM324 that the differential operational amplifier in the matching impedance circuit uses, and the matching hinders
The model C9014 that transistor in reactive circuit uses.
Wherein, the thermally stimulated current sensor obtains broken skin electric wire in building body by Stefan-Boltzmann law
The heat radiation energy of exposed section, by optical filter, two thermistors, field-effect tube, biasing resistor and EMI filter capacitor shape
At.
Wherein, the model RD-624 of the thermally stimulated current sensor.
Wherein, the model STM32F that the single-chip microcontroller uses.
Wherein, the warning circuit is the audible alarm circuit being made of transistor and buzzer and/or is made of LED light
Luminous alarm circuit.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that with the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention is based on Stefan-Boltzmann law (Stefans-graceful law of bohr thatch), by detection building body
The thermal radiation signal of insulated electric conductor, and after the detection of signal detection and amplifying circuit, amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion, it is defeated
Enter and controlled and handled into single-chip microcontroller, removes driving warning circuit alert (such as buzzer sounding and LED light hair
Light), to quickly and accurately detect the broken skin damage position of insulated electric conductor, and time saving and energy saving.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the system structure of the detection device of the building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage provided in the embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of thermally stimulated current sensor in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is signal detection and the system structure diagram of amplifying circuit in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of signal detection and amplifying circuit in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of single-chip microcontroller in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of detection dress of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage of proposition
It sets, including thermally stimulated current sensor 1, signal detection and amplifying circuit 2, single-chip microcontroller 3 and the warning circuit 4 sequentially connected；Its
In,
Thermally stimulated current sensor 1, for detecting the heat radiation energy of broken skin electric wire exposed section in building body and being converted into
Corresponding analog electrical signal；
Signal detection and amplifying circuit 2, for being converted into digital signal after analog electrical signal is amplified and is filtered；
Single-chip microcontroller 3 for carrying out numerical value calculating to digital signal and compared with preset threshold, and is determining digital signal number
When resulting value is greater than preset threshold after value calculates, alarm signal is exported；
Warning circuit 4, for receiving alarm signal and alert；Wherein, warning circuit 4 can be for by transistor
The audible alarm circuit formed with buzzer and/or the luminous alarm circuit being made of LED light.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the exposed insulated electric conductor corrosion damage of broken skin in building body, conductive metal is cut
Face area and resistivity will change, cause local resistance be dramatically increased (when length very in short-term, normal metal conducting wire
Resistance be about 0), to generate heat radiation under the action of electric current, invention detects building body interior insulation electricity by detection heat radiation
The damage of line broken skin and position.If the exposed wire resistance value increment of broken skin is R, the then power that exposed section consumes are as follows:
W=I2·R
In formula, W is the power of broken skin electric wire exposed section consumption, and I is the electric current in electric wire.Then broken skin electric wire exposed section temperature
T:
T=ξ W
In formula, ξ is temperature coefficient.According to Stefan-Boltzmann law, the ENERGY E of heat radiation can be obtained:
E=δ ε T4
In formula, δ=5.67051 × 10-8W/(m2K4) it is Stefan-Boltzmann constant；ε is emissivity, it is object
The radiant power in body surface face and the ratio of black body radiation ability, take ε=0.06-0.07.
Therefore, it is detected in building body in the embodiment of the present invention using the thermally stimulated current sensor 1 of model RD-624
The heat radiation energy E of broken skin electric wire exposed section.The thermally stimulated current sensor 1 detects mesh by the temperature difference of target and background
Electrode is arranged in the upper and lower surfaces of barium titanate crystal its working principle is that using pyroelectric effect in mark, upper surface coated with
Black film, if there is heat radiation, the ENERGY E of heat radiation can make its surface temperature rise △ T, and the atomic arrangement of crystals will produce
Changing causes spontaneous polarisation charge, and voltage signal △ U is generated between upper/lower electrode.Wherein,
The relevant parameter of RD-624 thermally stimulated current sensor 1 is specific as follows:
| Transmitance | > 75% |
| Output signal peak value [Vp-p] | ≥3500mV |
| Sensitivity | ≥3200V/W |
| Detectivity (D*) | 1.4×108cmHz1/2/W |
| Noise peak [Vp-p] | < 70mV |
Thermally stimulated current sensor 1 is usually filtered by optical filter, two thermistors, field-effect tube, biasing resistor and EMI
Wave capacitor is formed.In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, optical filter RS1, two temperature-sensitives in thermally stimulated current sensor 1
Resistance Y1 and Y2, field-effect tube Q1, biasing resistor R9 and EMI filter capacitor C1.
As shown in figure 3, since the electric signal that the heat radiation detected generates is fainter and has serious interference signal,
In order to improve the performance of acquisition telecommunications, using three-level amplification, secondary filter and level-one impedance matching circuit come modelled signal detection
And amplifying circuit 2, the signal detection and amplifying circuit 2 include pre-amplification circuit 21, second amplifying circuit 22, three-level amplification electricity
Road 23, high-pass filter 24, low-pass filter 25 and matching impedance circuit 26；Wherein,
The input terminal of pre-amplification circuit 21 is connected with thermally stimulated current sensor 1, output end and high-pass filter 24
Input terminal is connected, by amplify for level-one and improve two of input impedance with the analog computing amplifier for the input that is in parallel and
One analog computing amplifier for differential amplification forms；Pre-amplification circuit 21 is for amplifying simultaneously analog electrical signal
Realize common mode inhibition；
The output end of high-pass filter 24 is connected with the input terminal of second amplifying circuit 22 comprising filter capacitor and two
The analog computing amplifier of concatenation forms；High-pass filter 22, which is used to be isolated, comes from External Heat Flux with what analog electrical signal entered
The voltage signal of generation；
The output end of second amplifying circuit 22 is connected with the input terminal of low-pass filter 25, by the mould of a homophase input
Quasi- operational amplifier composition；Second amplifying circuit 22 is used to carry out secondary amplification to the analog electrical signal after filtering isolation；
The output end of low-pass filter 25 is connected with the input terminal of three-stage amplifier 23, by second-order filter capacitor and two
The analog computing amplifier of a concatenation forms；Low-pass filter 25 is used to carry out high frequency to the analog electrical signal of the secondary amplification
Noise is eliminated；
The output end of three-stage amplifier 23 is connected with the input terminal of matching impedance circuit 26, is put by analog-to-digital conversion operation
Big device composition；Three-stage amplifier 23 is used to amplify the analog electrical signal for eliminating high-frequency noise and is converted into corresponding number
Word signal；
The output end of matching impedance circuit 26 is connected with single-chip microcontroller 3, is made of differential operational amplifier and transistor；?
With impedance circuit 26 for being consistent to voltage swing when outputting and inputting and phase of digital signal.
In embodiments of the present invention, the model that the analog-to-digital conversion operational amplifier in three-stage amplifier 25 uses
AD620；The model LM324 that differential operational amplifier in matching impedance circuit 26 uses, and in matching impedance circuit 26
The model C9014 that transistor uses.
In one embodiment, as shown in figure 4, three-level amplification, secondary filter and level-one impedance matching are specific as follows:
(1) preposition amplification: since the analog electrical signal that the heat radiation that acquires in building body generates has unstability and non-
Linear character, and belong to ultra-weak electronic signal, amplitude range is 40uV to 400uV, and common mode interference can be to the inspection of the analog electrical signal
Survey causes serious influence, therefore pre-amplification circuit 21 is constituted using 3 analog computing amplifiers, forms higher common mode suppression
System is than (generally should be in 100dB or more)；Two of them analog computing amplifier composition inputs first order amplification with being in parallel, with
Improve the input impedance of amplifier；And another analog computing amplifier is differential amplification, is amplified as the second level, common mode suppression
Make closed loop gain and the electricity of the symmetrical degree, differential amplifier than depending on the first two analog computing amplifier common-mode rejection ratio
The matching precision etc. of resistance；
(2) second level is amplified: in order to obtain the output with input electrical signal identical polar, meet the requirement of high input impedance,
Use the analog computing amplifier of homophase input as second level amplifier, according to formula Avf=1+Rf/R1, take Rl=1K Ω, R2
=51K Ω, R3=3.5M Ω；
(3) three-level is amplified: the analog-to-digital conversion operational amplifier U9 in three-stage amplifier 23 is using model AD620 to letter
It number amplifies.Since its input stage of AD620 is handled using Super β eta, the low input that maximum 1.0nA may be implemented is inclined
Set electric current.Low input noise of the AD620 in 1kHz with 9nV/Hz, the noise in 0.1Hz to 10Hz frequency band are
0.28 μ V peak-to-peak value, input current noise 0.1pA/Hz, thus it is fine as amplifier using effect.Meanwhile AD620
0.01% settling time was 15 μ s, and at low cost, low-power consumption；
(4) level-one filters: the interference in order to eliminate the generation of External Heat Flux signal devises high-pass filter 24, by nothing
Source RC high-pass filtering is placed between pre-amplification circuit 21 and second amplifying circuit 22 as high-pass filter, is come for being isolated
The voltage signal generated from External Heat Flux, eliminates its interference, cutoff frequency 20HZ；
(5) secondary filter: since the range of the signal frequency of heat radiation generation is substantially all within 100HZ, so
Devise BUTTERWORTH low-pass filter.After BUTTERWORTH low-pass filter is placed on second level amplifying circuit, disappear
Except high-frequency noise.According to the needs of design, the cutoff frequency of filter is 100Hz or so, the amplification coefficient at 160Hz frequency
Less than or equal to 148dB, n=4 is obtained according to filter order formula, needs the cascade of two rank filters to generate transfer function；
(6) level-one impedance matching: after amplifying the analog-to-digital conversion operational amplifier AD620 in three-stage amplifier 23
Digital signal output there is high resistant characteristic, in order to reach impedance matching, single-chip microcontroller 3 I/O mouth front stage circuits using type
Number for LM324 differential operational amplifier U10A and model C9014 transistor Q2 formed a buffering isolation circuit, it tool
There is input high impedance, export low-impedance characteristic, makes circuit front stage impedance matching, while keeping input voltage big with output voltage
Small and phase is consistent.
As shown in figure 5, the model STM32F that the single-chip microcontroller 3 in the embodiment of the present invention uses, the STM32F are as detection
Control core, realize building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage detection, the function of control circuit include: to by thermostimulation electricity
The collected heat radiation electric signal of flow sensor is handled and is realized the alarm or display of testing result, controls buzzer circuit
And LED display circuit.
Such as the PB10 in PB mouthfuls of STM32F, PB11, PB12 are respectively used to the receiving port of detection thermal radiation signal,
PB13 is for controlling buzzer, PB9 and PC13 for controlling LED light.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that with the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention is based on Stefan-Boltzmann laws, by detecting the thermal radiation signal of building body interior insulation electric wire,
And after the detection of signal detection and amplifying circuit, amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion, be input in single-chip microcontroller carry out control and
Processing goes driving warning circuit alert (such as buzzer sounding and LED light shine), to quickly and accurately detect
The broken skin damage position of insulated electric conductor out, and it is time saving and energy saving.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that implement the method for the above embodiments be can be with
Relevant hardware is instructed to complete by program, the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium,
The storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, disk, CD.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of detection device of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage, which is characterized in that including the thermostimulation sequentially connected
Current sensor, signal detection and amplifying circuit, single-chip microcontroller and warning circuit；Wherein,
The thermally stimulated current sensor, for detecting the heat radiation energy of broken skin electric wire exposed section in building body and being converted into phase
The analog electrical signal answered；
The signal detection and amplifying circuit, for being converted into digital letter after the analog electrical signal is amplified and is filtered
Number；
The single-chip microcontroller for carrying out numerical value calculating to the digital signal and compared with preset threshold, and is determining the number
When resulting value is greater than the preset threshold after word signal numerical value calculates, alarm signal is exported；
The warning circuit, for receiving the alarm signal and alert；
The signal detection and amplifying circuit include pre-amplification circuit, second amplifying circuit, three-stage amplifier, high-pass filtering
Device, low-pass filter and matching impedance circuit；Wherein,
The input terminal of the pre-amplification circuit is connected with the thermally stimulated current sensor, output end and the high-pass filter
Input terminal be connected, by amplifying and improving two of the input impedance analog computing amplifiers with the input that is in parallel for level-one
It is formed with an analog computing amplifier for differential amplification；The pre-amplification circuit be used for the analog electrical signal into
Row amplifies and realizes common mode inhibition；
The output end of the high-pass filter is connected with the input terminal of the second amplifying circuit comprising filter capacitor and two
The analog computing amplifier of concatenation forms；The high-pass filter, which is used to be isolated, comes from the external world with what the analog electrical signal entered
The voltage signal that heat radiation generates；
The output end of the second amplifying circuit is connected with the input terminal of the low-pass filter, by the mould of a homophase input
Quasi- operational amplifier composition；The second amplifying circuit is used to carry out secondary put to the analog electrical signal after the filtering isolation
Greatly；
The output end of the low-pass filter is connected with the input terminal of the three-stage amplifier, by second-order filter capacitor and two
The analog computing amplifier of a concatenation forms；The low-pass filter is used to carry out the analog electrical signal of the secondary amplification high
Frequency noise is eliminated；
The output end of the three-stage amplifier is connected with the input terminal of the matching impedance circuit, is put by analog-to-digital conversion operation
Big device composition；The three-stage amplifier is used to amplify the analog electrical signal for eliminating high-frequency noise and is converted into phase
The digital signal answered；
The output end of the matching impedance circuit is connected with the single-chip microcontroller, is made of differential operational amplifier and transistor；
The matching impedance circuit is for being consistent voltage swing when outputting and inputting and phase of the digital signal；Described
One is formed using the transistor Q2 of the differential operational amplifier U10A and model C9014 of model LM324 with impedance circuit
Isolation circuit is buffered, makes circuit front stage impedance matching, while be consistent input voltage with output voltage size and phase；
The thermally stimulated current sensor obtains broken skin electric wire exposed section in building body by Stefan-Boltzmann law
Heat radiation energy is formed by optical filter, two thermistors, field-effect tube, biasing resistor and EMI filter capacitor.
2. the detection device of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the three-level
The model AD620 that analog-to-digital conversion operational amplifier in amplifying circuit uses.
3. the detection device of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Spurs
Swash the model RD-624 of current sensor.
4. the detection device of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the monolithic
The model STM32F that machine uses.
5. the detection device of building body interior insulation electric wire broken skin damage as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the alarm
Circuit is the audible alarm circuit being made of transistor and buzzer and/or the luminous alarm circuit being made of LED light.
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Application publication date: 20180105 Assignee: HUIZHI INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Assignor: Wenzhou University Contract record no.: X2021330000824 Denomination of invention: A detection device for skin damage of insulated wires in buildings Granted publication date: 20190628 License type: Common License Record date: 20211220 |