CN107543942B - Test fixture and test method for membrane electrode - Google Patents
Test fixture and test method for membrane electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN107543942B CN107543942B CN201710714139.6A CN201710714139A CN107543942B CN 107543942 B CN107543942 B CN 107543942B CN 201710714139 A CN201710714139 A CN 201710714139A CN 107543942 B CN107543942 B CN 107543942B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a testing fixture of a membrane electrode, which comprises a positive plate and a negative plate which are oppositely arranged, wherein a gas flow field is arranged on the corresponding surfaces of the positive plate and the negative plate; the side surfaces of the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively provided with an air inlet hole, an air outlet hole and a power interface; the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes are communicated with the flow field; and a connection structure for fixing the positive and negative plates. The invention also provides a testing method of the membrane electrode. The invention is convenient to assemble and disassemble, the resistance values of the stainless steel positive plate and the stainless steel negative plate are smaller, and the test error of the membrane electrode can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of performance test of fuel cells, in particular to a test fixture and a test method of a membrane electrode.
Background
As a novel clean power generation device, a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) can directly convert chemical energy stored in fuel into electric energy for people to produce and use, and has the characteristics of high energy efficiency, quick start, zero emission, low noise, long-time continuous operation and the like. The PEMFC is assembled by a series connection of a group of single cells, so that the required output power can be obtained. In the present day of energy resource shortage and frequent environmental problems, environmental friendly new energy sources such as fuel cells are widely paid attention to. Among them, the testing of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is particularly important. The traditional testing fixture and testing method of the membrane electrode have a substantially similar structure and mainly comprise end plates, current collecting plates and bipolar plates, wherein the bipolar plates and the current collecting plates are required to be sequentially arranged between the two end plates in the process of installing the membrane electrode; in addition, the contact area is increased due to the superposition of the multi-layer materials, the contact resistance of the test fixture is increased, and the error of the test result is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a testing fixture and a testing method for a membrane electrode, which are used for solving the problems of complex disassembly and assembly, large error of testing results and the like of the testing fixture and the testing method for the membrane electrode in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a test fixture for a membrane electrode, comprising: the positive plate and the negative plate are oppositely arranged, and a gas flow field is arranged on the corresponding surfaces of the positive plate and the negative plate; the side surfaces of the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively provided with an air inlet hole, an air outlet hole and a power interface; the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes are communicated with the gas flow field; and a connection structure for fixing the positive and negative plates.
The invention is formed by fixing two positive and negative plates, integrates the end plates, the collector plate and the bipolar plate, is provided with the gas flow field on the opposite surfaces of the positive and negative plates, is provided with the air inlet holes, the air outlet holes and the power interface on the side edges of the positive and negative plates, the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes are communicated with the gas flow field, and air and hydrogen enter the gas flow field through the air inlet holes to generate chemical change to generate electric energy.
The invention further improves that a plurality of through holes which are mutually communicated are arranged on the positive plate and the negative plate, and the positive plate and the negative plate are fixed through bolts and nuts to form the connecting structure.
The invention is further improved in that the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the side surfaces of the positive plate and the negative plate, and the central axis of the power interface is perpendicular to the central axes of the air inlet and the air outlet.
The invention also provides a testing method of the membrane electrode, which comprises the following steps:
s11: providing a test fixture for the membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1, and measuring the resistances of the positive and negative plates; s12: providing a sealing gasket, a membrane electrode, a gas inlet and outlet joint and an electrode joint, and assembling to form a single cell; s13: providing an air leakage measuring device, and testing the air tightness of the single cell to ensure safety; s14: and providing a proton exchange membrane fuel cell test system to communicate with the single cells and measuring the open circuit voltage of the single cells.
A further improvement of the invention is that the resistance of the positive and negative plates is measured using equation (1)
Wherein ρ represents resistivity, L represents the length of the positive and negative electrode plates, and S represents the surface area.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the step of assembling the single cell includes the steps of: s121: covering the gasket on the gas flow field; s122: the membrane electrode is clamped in the sealing gasket, and the positive plate and the negative plate are fastened by bolts and nuts; s123: and the gas inlet and outlet connectors are arranged at the gas inlet holes and the gas outlet holes, and the electrode connectors are arranged at the power supply interfaces.
A further improvement of the present invention is to provide a torquemeter that sets the torqueforce of each bolt and nut to be equal.
The invention further improves that the air leakage measuring device comprises an air compressor and a rotor metering meter, and the air tightness of the single battery is tested by the following steps:
s131: the rotary metering meter is arranged at the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole;
s132: opening the air compressor, and setting the gas flow into the single cell;
s133: and the cyclone metering meter measures the gas flow values at the gas inlet and the gas outlet, and calculates the gas leakage rate of the single cell according to the formula (2).
A further improvement of the invention is that measuring the open circuit voltage of the cell comprises the steps of:
s141: correspondingly connecting a gas inlet and a gas outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell testing system with a gas inlet and outlet connector of a single cell, and setting a testing temperature;
s142: introducing nitrogen into the single cells to empty the air in the single cells;
s143: providing an air compressor, and respectively introducing air into the single cells;
s144: and providing a universal meter, measuring the open-circuit voltage at two ends of the single cell, and closing the air compressor.
The invention is further improved in that hydrogen is introduced into the air inlet holes on the negative plate and air is introduced into the air inlet holes on the positive plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the end plate, the current collecting plate and the bipolar plate in the prior art are integrated into a whole, so that the positive plate and the negative plate are formed, the disassembly and the assembly are convenient, the resistance values of the positive plate and the negative plate are smaller, and the test error of the membrane electrode is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test fixture for a membrane electrode of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a single cell of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1. Positive and negative electrode plates; 11. a gas flow field; 12. an air inlet hole; 13. a through hole; 14. a power interface; 15. an air outlet hole; 21. a bolt; 22. a nut; 4. sealing gasket, 5, membrane electrode; 6. a gas inlet and outlet joint; 7. an electrode joint.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following, more particular, description of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments described are merely some, but not all embodiments of the invention.
The invention provides a test fixture and a test method of a membrane electrode. The common test fixture is formed by overlapping an end plate, a current collecting plate and a bipolar plate, is complex to assemble and disassemble, increases the contact resistance of the test fixture, and increases the test error of the membrane electrode. The invention combines the end plate, the collector plate and the bipolar plate into the integrated positive and negative plates, which is convenient to assemble and disassemble, has smaller resistance value and reduces the error of testing the membrane electrode. The test fixture and the test method of the membrane electrode of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention is a testing fixture for a membrane electrode, including: positive and negative electrode plates 1 and a connection structure. The positive plate and the negative plate are oppositely arranged, the surfaces of the positive plate and the negative plate corresponding to each other are provided with an installation gas flow field 11, and the side surfaces of the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively provided with an air inlet hole 12, an air outlet hole 15 and a power interface 14. The inlet holes 12 and the outlet holes 15 extend to the inside of the positive and negative plates to communicate with the gas flow field 11. The positive plate 1 and the negative plate 1 are fixedly connected by the connecting structure. The membrane electrode is clamped in the test fixture by a series of components.
The materials of the positive and negative plates are stainless steel materials, and the stainless steel materials have the advantages of excellent electric and thermal conductivity, good mechanical property, good air tightness, easiness in processing, low cost and the like. The flow field structure determines the flowing state of reactants and products in the flow field, and particularly for a large-area proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the flow field structure can directly influence the performance of the cell. The two sides of the positive and negative polar plates are respectively provided with a reaction area of air and hydrogen. The flow field design requirement can uniformly distribute fuel and oxidant required by battery discharge, ensure uniform current density distribution, avoid local overheating, and ensure that water generated by reaction is smoothly discharged by entrainment of flowing reaction gas. The flow field widely adopted at present is mainly a parallel groove flow field and a serpentine flow field; the flow line speed of the reaction gas flowing through the flow field grooves can be changed by changing the width ratio of the grooves to the ridges and the lengths of the parallel grooves, so that the liquid water is discharged out of the cell, and the flow line speed of the reaction gas in the flow field is adjusted by changing the width ratio of the grooves to the ridges, the quantity of the channels and the total length of the serpentine grooves, so that the liquid water is discharged out of the cell. The ratio of the width of the serpentine and parallel channel flow field channels to the width of the ridges is reported to be controlled between 1 (1.2-2.0). Typically the width of the grooves is about 1mm and the width of the ridges should be between 1-2 mm; the depth of the grooves should be determined by the total length of the grooves and the total pressure drop allowed for the reactant gas to flow through the flow field, and should generally be controlled between 0.5 and 1.0 mm.
The positive and negative plates 1 are provided with a plurality of through holes 13 penetrating the positive and negative plates 1, and the connecting structure is formed by connecting bolts 21 and nuts 22, and connecting and fixing the positive and negative plates 1 through the through holes 13. The air inlet hole 12 and the air outlet hole 15 on the positive and negative plates 1 are arranged on the side surfaces on the opposite sides of the positive and negative plates 1, and in order to convey the reduced hydrogen ions to the electrodes, the central axis of the power interface 14 is perpendicular to the axes of the air inlet hole 12 and the air outlet hole 15.
The invention also discloses a testing method of the membrane electrode, which comprises the following steps:
(1) First, a measuring jig as described above is provided, the dimensions of the jig are measured, and then the resistance value R of the measuring jig is calculated according to formula (1).
Where ρ represents the resistivity, L is the length of the positive and negative plates, and S represents the surface area.
(2) Providing a flow field 3, a sealing gasket 4, a membrane electrode 5, a gas inlet and outlet joint 6 and an electrode joint 7, and assembling to form a single cell, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
(a) A sealing gasket 4 is arranged on the gas flow fields 11 on the positive plate 1 and the negative plate 1;
(b) The membrane electrode is clamped in the sealing gasket 4 of the positive plate 1 and the negative plate 1, and then the positive plate 1 and the negative plate 1 are fixedly screwed by bolts and nuts, and in the process, the torsion of each bolt and nut is set to be equal by using a torsion meter.
(c) Finally, the gas inlet and outlet connector 6 is arranged at the gas inlet hole 12 and the gas outlet hole 15, and the electrode connector 7 is arranged at the power interface 14.
The gas flow field comprises a net flow field and a serpentine flow field, and the invention is preferably a serpentine flow field.
(3) Then, in order to ensure the safety in the measurement process, the air tightness of the single cell needs to be measured by using an air leakage measuring device. The air leakage measuring device comprises an air compressor and a rotor metering meter, and comprises the following specific steps:
and (3) installing a rotor metering meter at the positions of the inlet hole 12 and the outlet hole 15, opening the air compressor after all the inlets and outlets are connected, respectively setting the air flow to be led into the single cells, recording the data of each flowmeter after the readings of each rotor flowmeter are basically stable, and calculating the air leakage rate of the device according to the difference value of the inlet and outlet flowmeters, wherein a calculation formula is shown in (2).
(4) Finally, the single cell is communicated by using a proton exchange membrane fuel cell testing system, and the open-circuit voltage of the single cell is measured by using a universal meter, so that the performance of the membrane electrode 5 is obtained. The method comprises the following steps:
sequentially connecting the assembled single cell gas inlet and outlet with a proton exchange membrane fuel cell testing system gas inlet and outlet, and setting the humidifying temperature of the testing system; opening a nitrogen valve to introduce nitrogen, starting timing, and closing the nitrogen valve after the ventilation is finished, wherein the ventilation time is 10 minutes; opening an air compressor valve to introduce air into an air inlet hole on the positive plate, then opening a hydrogen steel cylinder to introduce hydrogen into the air inlet hole on the negative plate, setting the flow ratio of the hydrogen to the air, and opening a hydrogen switch in a control panel of the test system; testing open-circuit voltages at two ends of a single cell by using a universal meter, and recording data after the open-circuit voltages are stable; after the test is finished, firstly closing a hydrogen switch and an air switch in a control panel of the test system, setting the flow of the hydrogen and air electronic valve to 0 in sequence, closing a hydrogen cylinder valve and an air compressor valve, and detaching the single cell.
The invention is formed by fixing two positive and negative plates, integrates the end plates, the collector plate and the bipolar plate, is provided with the gas flow field on the opposite surfaces of the positive and negative plates, is provided with the air inlet holes, the air outlet holes and the power interface on the side edges of the positive and negative plates, the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes are communicated with the gas flow field, and air and hydrogen enter the gas flow field through the air inlet holes to generate chemical change to generate electric energy.
The foregoing embodiments have been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A test fixture for a membrane electrode, comprising:
the positive plate and the negative plate are oppositely arranged, and a gas flow field is arranged on the corresponding surfaces of the positive plate and the negative plate; the membrane electrode is clamped in sealing gaskets of the positive plate and the negative plate, the sealing gaskets are arranged on gas flow fields on the positive plate and the negative plate, the side surfaces of the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively provided with an air inlet hole, an air outlet hole and a power interface, and the central axis of the power interface is perpendicular to the central axes of the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes; the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes are communicated with the gas flow field; and fixing the connecting structure of the positive plate and the negative plate, wherein a plurality of through holes which are mutually communicated are formed in the positive plate and the negative plate, the positive plate and the negative plate are fixed through bolts and nuts to form the connecting structure, the gas flow field is a parallel groove flow field or a serpentine flow field, and the ratio of the width of the serpentine flow field to the width of the parallel groove flow field groove to the width of the ridge is controlled to be 1:1.2-1:2.0.
2. The method for testing the membrane electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s11: providing a test fixture for the membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1, and measuring the resistances of the positive and negative plates;
s12: providing a sealing gasket, a membrane electrode, a gas inlet and outlet joint and an electrode joint, and assembling to form a single cell;
s13: providing an air leakage measuring device, and testing the air tightness of the single cell to ensure safety;
s14: and providing a proton exchange membrane fuel cell test system to communicate with the single cells and measuring the open circuit voltage of the single cells.
3. The test method according to claim 2, wherein the resistance of the positive and negative plates is measured using formula (1)
（1）
Wherein, the resistivity is represented by L, the length of the positive and negative plates, and the surface area is represented by S.
4. The test method according to claim 2, wherein the step of assembling the single cell includes the steps of:
s121: covering the gasket on the gas flow field;
s122: the membrane electrode is clamped in the sealing gasket, and the positive plate and the negative plate are fastened by bolts and nuts;
s123: and the gas inlet and outlet connectors are arranged at the gas inlet holes and the gas outlet holes, and the electrode connectors are arranged at the power supply interfaces.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein a torquemeter is provided to set the torqueforce of each of the bolt and nut to be equal.
6. The test method according to claim 2, wherein the air leakage measuring device includes an air compressor and a rotary sub-meter, and the testing of the air tightness of the unit cell includes the steps of:
s131: the rotary metering meter is arranged at the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole;
s132: opening the air compressor, and setting the gas flow into the single cell;
s133: the cyclone meter measures the gas flow values at the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole, calculates the air leakage rate of the single cell according to the formula (2),
（2）。
7. the test method according to claim 2, wherein measuring the open circuit voltage of the single cell comprises the steps of:
s141: correspondingly connecting a gas inlet and a gas outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell testing system with a gas inlet and outlet connector of a single cell, and setting a testing temperature;
s142: introducing nitrogen into the single cells to empty the air in the single cells;
s143: hydrogen and air with set flow rates are introduced into the single cells and are respectively provided by a hydrogen steel cylinder and an air supply compressor;
s144: and providing a universal meter, measuring the open-circuit voltage at two ends of the single cell, and closing the air compressor.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein hydrogen is introduced into the inlet holes in the negative plate and air is introduced into the inlet holes in the positive plate.
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| CN201710714139.6A CN107543942B (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | Test fixture and test method for membrane electrode |
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| CN201710714139.6A CN107543942B (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | Test fixture and test method for membrane electrode |
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| CN107543942B true CN107543942B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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