CN107542506A - Steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system and its application - Google Patents
Steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system and its application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 148
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009711 regulatory function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system and its application, for changing the problem of big, investment is big to turbine body in the prior art, propose a kind of reasonable in design, dependable performance, it is advantageously implemented a kind of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system and its application of the recycling of unit exhausted spare heat step, including Steam Turbine, heating system and water supply heat back system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cogeneration of heat and power technical field, and in particular to a kind of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system and its should
With the thermal power plant for the progress heat supply that is particularly suitable for use in.
Background technology
At present, China's policy gradually payes attention to the popularization of new energy, reduces the ratio of fired power generating unit.For thermal power plant,
The exhaust steam of steam turbine directly discharges typically by air cooling or water-cooling pattern, and this has resulted in huge cold end loss.
Such as the capacity usage ratio of the subcritical pure condensate units of 300MW is about 38%, wherein cold end loss accounts for 45%, using extraction for heat supply
The capacity usage ratio of unit is promoted to 60% afterwards, but the condensation low temperature exhaust heat for still having 20% is discharged, this partial heat by
It is low in grade and be difficult to directly utilize.Simultaneously as power network is consumption new energy electric power, coal group of motors thermoelectricity flexibility is wanted
Continuous reinforcement is asked, coal group of motors need to realize Ultra-low load operation, could meet the peak regulation demand of power network, and this gives coal-fired thermal power unit
Bring great challenge.
At present, the patented technology that this area relates generally to has following two：A kind of patent " optical axis high back pressure heat supply steam turbine
The patent No. 201610251992.4 ", realize unit low pressure (LP) cylinder and do not put into operation, greatly reduce unit generation load, still
, it is necessary to carry out rotor replacing between heat supply and non-heating period, not only investment increases the technology, and needs start and stop during changing
Group, it have impact on economic benefits of power generating；Patent " steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure system and its adjusting method patent No. 201710193938.3 ",
Without more exchanging rotor, you can realize that low pressure (LP) cylinder does not put into operation, the technology can realize that unit underload generates electricity with high benefit.But
It is that for thermoelectricity unit, design heating extraction pressure is both greater than 0.2MPa substantially, and needed for the hot net water in heating first latter stage
Temperature only has 80 DEG C or so, in the presence of the very big available loss of energy when both exchange heat.Moreover, returned currently without effect measure
Receive.
Both the above technology is there is very big technical limitation, and the technology of its Patent 201610251992.4 is not only
Invest greatly and have impact on unit and effectively utilize hourage so that unit whole economic efficiency decreases, and unit steam discharge
Temperature is higher, is directly used in heat supply and certain acting capacity loss be present；And the technology of patent 201710193938.3 overcomes
Investment is high, unit utilizes the problem that hour reduces, but the acting capacity loss of its heat transfer process is larger, for the problem, this hair
It is bright to provide a kind of reliable, economic Technical Solving.
The content of the invention
Based on the above situation, the present invention overcomes changes the problem of big, investment is big to turbine body in the prior art, proposes
A kind of reasonable in design, dependable performance, it is advantageously implemented a kind of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure of unit exhausted spare heat step recycling
Gradient utilization system and its application.It includes Steam Turbine Through IP Admission, turbine low pressure cylinder, condenser；The row of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission
Vapour is connected by mesolow cylinder communicating pipe with turbine low pressure cylinder, and ten No. seven valves are housed on mesolow cylinder communicating pipe；Adopt
Warm extraction steam pipe is connected with mesolow cylinder communicating pipe, and ten No. six valves are housed in heating extraction steam pipe；
Also include back pressure machine, generator, one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger, steam discharge heat exchanger, the heat exchanger that draws gas, the hydrophobic heat exchange of two level
Device；Steam inlet of first suction branch respectively with heating extraction steam pipe, the heat exchanger that draws gas is connected, and is filled on the first suction branch
There are ten No. five valves；The draw gas hydrophobic outlet of heat exchanger is connected by pipeline with two level hydrophobic heat exchanger, and is equipped with pipeline
Ten No. two valves；Steam inlet of second suction branch respectively with heating extraction steam pipe, back pressure machine is connected, and in the second suction branch
It is upper that ten No. four valves are housed；Back pressure machine is connected with generator；The steam drain of back pressure machine is connected with condenser, gland steam exhauster respectively, and
Ten No. eight valves, No.1 valve are respectively provided with pipeline；Gland steam exhauster is connected with the steam inlet of steam discharge heat exchanger；Heat supply network backwater
Pipe is connected with one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger, steam discharge heat exchanger, two level hydrophobic heat exchanger, the heat exchanger that draws gas successively；The hydrophobic heat exchange of one-level
Device is provided with the first hot net water branch road, and divides on the hot net water import and export and the first hot net water branch road of one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger
Zhuan You not 20 No. four valves, 20 No. three valves, two ride on Bus No. 11 valves；Steam discharge heat exchanger is provided with the second hot net water branch road,
And be respectively provided with the hot net water import and export and the second hot net water branch road of steam discharge heat exchanger No. three valves, No. five valves, No. two
Valve；Two level hydrophobic heat exchanger is provided with the 3rd hot net water branch road, and in the hot net water import and export of two level hydrophobic heat exchanger and
No. six valves, No. eight valves, No. seven valves are respectively provided with three hot net water branch roads；The heat exchanger that draws gas is provided with the 4th hot net water branch
Road, and it is respectively provided with No. nine valves, ride on Bus No. 11 valve on the hot net water import and export and the 4th hot net water branch road for the heat exchanger that draws gas
Door, No. ten valves；Heat supply network feed pipe is connected with the heat supply network water out for the heat exchanger that draws gas；One-level hydrophobic heat exchanger passes through hydrophobic pipeline
The hydrophobic outlet with steam discharge heat exchanger, two level hydrophobic heat exchanger is connected respectively, and hydrophobic export pipeline on be respectively provided with four
Number valve, ten No. three valves；
Also include advanced feed-water heater, this grade of feed-water heater, rudimentary feed-water heater；Boiler feed pipe with successively with
Rudimentary feed-water heater, this grade of feed-water heater, the connection of advanced feed-water heater；This grade of drain pipe connects with rudimentary feed-water heater
Connect；Advanced drain pipe is connected with this grade of feed-water heater, and two No. ten valves are housed on advanced drain pipe；This grade of drain pipe leads to
Cross hydrophobic pipeline to be connected with the hydrophobic outlet of one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger, and 20 No. five valves are housed on hydrophobic pipeline.This is
System can fully recycle the steam energy that heating is drawn gas, that is, the middle pressure steam extracted is introduced into back pressure machine acting and generated electricity, cooling
Steam after decompression is used for heat supply, and the heating after heat exchange, which is drawn gas, can be used for primary heating hot net water, both realize the ladder of hot net water
Level heating, the hydrophobic waste heat of and can depth recovery heat supply network, so that by the hydrophobic feed-water heater that can input even lower level of heat supply network, subtracts
The steam consumption of the advanced heater of few heat regenerative system, reduce the acting capacity loss of heat regenerative system.
Preferably, described No.1 valve to 20 No. four valves are respectively provided with fluid flow in regulation and measurement pipeline
Function.
Preferably, in addition to cooling steam pipe, cooling steam pipe are connected with turbine low pressure cylinder, and in cooling steam pipe
Upper that 20 No. six valves are housed, the valve has cutoff function.So as to which the steam discharge in Steam Turbine Through IP Admission is completely used for heat supply
When, turbine low pressure cylinder is cooled down by cooling steam, take away because of windage loss and caused by heat, ensure steam turbine low-pressure
The safe operation of cylinder.
Preferably, hydrophobic import of the advanced drain pipe of the present invention by hydrophobic pipeline and one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger
Connection, and 20 No. two valves, ten No. nine valves are respectively provided with hydrophobic import and hydrophobic pipeline.So as to can also realize into
The hydrophobic waste heat that one step is recycled in heat regenerative system carrys out heat supply, reduces the steam consumption of heat supply.
Preferably, the hydrophobic outlet of one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger of the present invention is connected by pipeline and this grade of drain pipe
Connect, and 20 No. five valves are housed on pipeline, the valve has cutoff function.Heat supply network now is hydrophobic to be enter into than normal
The bleeder heater for the even lower level that rule technology utilizes, the consumption of advanced steam is reduced, reduce acting capacity loss.
Preferably, back pressure machine of the present invention is pure condensate unit, exhaust steam pressure 30kPa-100kPa.
Present invention also offers the adjusting method of above-mentioned steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system, its adjusting method are as follows：
It is extraneous without Heating Load demand in non-heating period, now：
Ten No. six valves, 20 No. six valves, ten No. seven valves of standard-sized sheet are closed, Steam Turbine is in the operation of pure condensate operating mode.
In Heating Period, there is Heating Load demand in the external world, now：
If closing 20 No. six valves, ten No. six valves of regulation, the aperture of ten No. seven valves, Steam Turbine are in confession of drawing gas
Thermal condition is run；
If closing ten No. seven valves, ten No. six valves of standard-sized sheet, 20 No. six valves, Steam Turbine are in back pressure supplying thermal condition
Operation；Now, cooling steam enters turbine low pressure cylinder by cooling steam pipe, and turbine low pressure cylinder is implemented to cool down；Now,
The rear cylinder water spray of turbine low pressure cylinder puts into operation；Now the heel row blade of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission need to be changed, to adapt to vapour
The pressure change of steam in turbine intermediate pressure cylinder.
Preferably, a kind of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system of the present invention and its adjusting method, its feature
It is, the operation method of its heating system is as follows：
At heating initial stage or latter stage, Heating Load demand is smaller, now：
The steam discharge of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission partly or entirely draws gas as heating and is delivered to heating system by heating extraction steam pipe, this
The heating load that Shi Cainuan draws gas is much larger than Heating Load demand, then adjusts in the following manner：
Ten No. five valves are closed, open ten No. four valves, now heating, which is drawn gas, fully enters back pressure machine acting, drives and generates electricity
Machine generates electricity, for meeting station service demand；No.1 valve is opened, the steam discharge of back pressure machine enters steam discharge heat exchanger by gland steam exhauster；Beat
No. four valves, 20 No. two valves are opened, close ten No. nine valves, the hydrophobic of steam discharge heat exchanger enters one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger；Beat
20 No. four valves, 20 No. three valves are opened, hot net water is heated by heat supply network return pipe into one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger by one-level, together
When adjust the aperture of two ride on Bus No. 11 valves, 20 No. four valves, 20 No. three valves, thus it is possible to vary into the hydrophobic heater of one-level
Heat supply network water-carrying capacity；No. two valves are closed, open No. three valves, No. five valves, hot net water enters back into steam discharge heat exchanger by two level
Heating；No. six valves, No. eight valves, No. nine valves, ride on Bus No. 11 valve, ten No. two valves, ten No. three valves are closed, open No. seven
Valve, No. ten valves, the hot net water after two level heating directly supply user by heat supply network feed pipe；Open 20 No. five valves, one
Hydrophobic rudimentary feed-water heater is delivered to by this grade of drain pipe after heat exchange in level hydrophobic heat exchanger；
Now, ten No. nine valves are opened, close two No. ten valves, the hydrophobic of advanced feed-water heater is entered by advanced drain pipe
Enter one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger heating hot net water；
When Heating Load demand is gradually reduced：
20 No. two valves, 20 No. five valves are closed, open ten No. nine valves, two No. ten valves, steam discharge heat exchanger
It is hydrophobic that this grade of feed-water heater is directly entered by advanced drain pipe；20 No. three valves, 20 No. four valves are closed, open 20
No.1 valve, hot net water are directly entered steam discharge heat exchanger through the first hot net water branch road；
When aforesaid operations can not meet, continue to open and adjust ten No. eight valves, adjust No.1 valve, the row of back pressure machine
Vapour part enters condenser, so as to reduce the displacement into steam discharge heat exchanger so that the heating load and Heating Load of steam discharge
Balance each other.
In the heating high and cold phase, Heating Load demand is larger, now：
The steam discharge of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission all draws gas as heating and is delivered to heating system by heating extraction steam pipe, is adopted to realize
The warm heating load drawn gas balances each other with Heating Load, can adjust in the following manner：
The aperture of ten No. five valves, ten No. four valves is adjusted, heating is drawn gas and respectively enters back pressure machine, draw gas heat exchanger；
Now, part heating is drawn gas does work into back pressure machine, electrical power generators is driven, for meeting station service demand；Beat
No.1 valve is opened, the steam discharge of back pressure machine enters steam discharge heat exchanger by gland steam exhauster, opens No. four valves, 20 No. two valves, steam discharge
The hydrophobic of heat exchanger enters one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger；
Now, ten No. nine valves are opened, close two No. ten valves, the hydrophobic of advanced feed-water heater is entered by advanced drain pipe
Enter one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger；
Now, part heating is drawn gas into the heat exchanger that draws gas；Ten No. two valves are opened, the hydrophobic of the heat exchanger that draws gas enters two
Level hydrophobic heat exchanger；Ten No. three valves are opened, it is hydrophobic into one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger after being exchanged heat in the heat exchanger that draws gas；
Now, 20 No. four valves, 20 No. three valves are opened, hot net water enters the hydrophobic heat exchange of one-level by heat supply network return pipe
Device is heated by one-level, while adjusts the aperture of two ride on Bus No. 11 valves, 20 No. four valves, 20 No. three valves, thus it is possible to vary enters
Enter the heat supply network water-carrying capacity of the hydrophobic heater of one-level；No. two valves are closed, open No. three valves, No. five valves, hot net water enters back into
Steam discharge heat exchanger is heated by two level；No. six valves, No. eight valves are opened, hot net water enters back into two level hydrophobic heat exchanger and added by three-level
Heat, while adjust the aperture of No. seven valves, No. six valves, No. eight valves, thus it is possible to vary into the heat supply network of the hydrophobic heater of two level
Water-carrying capacity；No. ten valves to be closed, open No. nine valves, ride on Bus No. 11 valve, hot net water enters back into the heat exchanger that draws gas and heated by level Four,
Then user is supplied by heat supply network feed pipe；Open 20 No. five valves, hydrophobic in one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger after heat exchange by
This grade of drain pipe is delivered to rudimentary feed-water heater.
Preferably, a kind of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system of the present invention and its adjusting method, its feature
It is, the mode of heating of hot net water heats for step, successively in one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger, steam discharge heat exchanger, the hydrophobic heat exchange of two level
Heated up in device, the heat exchanger that draws gas by stepped heating, user is finally supplied by heat supply network feed pipe.
The present invention compared with prior art, has advantages below and effect：
1st, reasonable in design, simple in construction, dependable performance, without changing the rotor or blade of steam turbine, unit can basis
Actual operating mode, free switching selection is rationally carried out between pure condensate operating mode, operating mode of drawing gas and back pressure operating mode.
2nd, invention investment is very small, to turbine body substantially without transforming.
3rd, the present invention adds more than one times of heating load, can preferably met compared with extraction steam unit declared working condition
The fast-developing demand of current cities and towns central heating.
4th, the present invention be based on " temperature counterpart, cascade utilization " principle, to hot net water carry out step heating, reduce due to
Excessive temperature differentials between steam and hot net water and caused by irreversible loss, there is larger practice to be worth.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the required accompanying drawing used is simply situated between in being described below to embodiment
Continue.It should be evident that drawings in the following description are only the description to embodiments of the invention, for ordinary skill
For personnel, without having to pay creative labor, simple deformation or title can also be carried out according to technical scheme
Change, or customary means is taken, goal of the invention can also be realized.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Steam Turbine in the system,
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of heating system in the system,
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of water supply heat back system in the system.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, following examples be explanation of the invention and
The invention is not limited in following examples.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 4, the present embodiment includes Steam Turbine 003, heating system 004 and water supply heat back system 006.
Steam Turbine 003 is provided with Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 31, turbine low pressure cylinder 32, condenser 33；Steam Turbine Through IP Admission
31 steam discharge is connected by mesolow cylinder communicating pipe 34 with turbine low pressure cylinder 32, and ten are equipped with mesolow cylinder communicating pipe 34
No. seven valves 17；Heating extraction steam pipe 35 is connected with mesolow cylinder communicating pipe 34, and ten No. six valves are housed on heating extraction steam pipe 35
Door 16；The valve is respectively provided with regulatory function.
Steam Turbine 003 also includes cooling steam pipe 36, and cooling steam pipe 36 is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder 32, and cold
20 No. six valves 26 are but housed, the valve has cutoff function on steam pipe 36.
Heating system 004 is provided with back pressure machine 41, generator 42, one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43, steam discharge heat exchanger 44, drawn gas
Heat exchanger 45, two level hydrophobic heat exchanger 46；First suction branch 47 respectively with heating extraction steam pipe 35, the steam for the heat exchanger 45 that draws gas
Import is connected, and ten No. five valves 15 are housed on the first suction branch 47；The draw gas hydrophobic outlet of heat exchanger 45 passes through pipeline
It is connected with two level hydrophobic heat exchanger 46, and ten No. two valves 12 is housed on pipeline；Second suction branch 48 is taken out with heating respectively
The steam inlet connection of steam pipe 35, back pressure machine 41, and ten No. four valves 14 are housed on the second suction branch 48；Back pressure machine 41 with
Generator 42 connects；The steam drain of back pressure machine 41 is connected with condenser 33, gland steam exhauster 49 respectively, and ten is respectively provided with pipeline
No. eight valves 18, No.1 valve 1；Gland steam exhauster 49 is connected with the steam inlet of steam discharge heat exchanger 44；Heat supply network return pipe 55 successively with
One-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43, steam discharge heat exchanger 44, two level hydrophobic heat exchanger 46, the heat exchanger 45 that draws gas connect；The hydrophobic heat exchange of one-level
Device 43 is provided with the first hot net water branch road 57, and in the hot net water import and export and the first hot net water branch of one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43
20 No. four valves, 24,20 No. three valves 23, two ride on Bus No. 11 valves 21 are respectively provided with road 57；Steam discharge heat exchanger 44 is provided with
Second hot net water branch road 50, and be respectively provided with the hot net water import and export and the second hot net water branch road 50 of steam discharge heat exchanger 44
No. three valves 2 of valve 5, two of valve 3, five；Two level hydrophobic heat exchanger 46 is provided with the 3rd hot net water branch road 52, and in two level
6, No. eight valves 8, seven of No. six valves are respectively provided with the hot net water import and export and the 3rd hot net water branch road 52 of hydrophobic heat exchanger 46
Number valve 7；The heat exchanger 45 that draws gas is provided with the 4th hot net water branch road 51, and the heat exchanger 45 that draws gas hot net water import and export and
11, No. ten No. nine valves 9, ride on Bus No. 11 valve valves 10 are respectively provided with 4th hot net water branch road 51；Heat supply network feed pipe 56 is with taking out
The heat supply network water out connection of vapour heat exchanger 45；One-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43 by hydrophobic pipeline respectively with steam discharge heat exchanger 44, two
The hydrophobic outlet connection of level hydrophobic heat exchanger 46, and 4, ten No. three valves of No. four valves are respectively provided with hydrophobic export pipeline
13；The valve is respectively provided with regulatory function.
The also hydrophobic import including one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43 of heating system 004 is connected by pipeline and advanced drain pipe 65
Connect, and 20 No. two valves, 22, ten No. nine valves 19 are respectively provided with hydrophobic import and connecting line, the valve, which has, to be adjusted
Save function.
The also hydrophobic outlet including one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43 of heating system 004 is connected by pipeline and this grade of drain pipe 66
Connect, and 20 No. five valves 25 are housed on pipeline, the valve has cutoff function.
Water supply heat back system 006 is provided with advanced feed-water heater 61, this grade of feed-water heater 62, rudimentary feed-water heater
63；Boiler feed pipe 64 is connected with rudimentary feed-water heater 63, this grade of feed-water heater 62, advanced feed-water heater 61 successively；
This grade of drain pipe 66 is connected with rudimentary feed-water heater 63；Advanced drain pipe 65 is connected with this grade of feed-water heater 62, and in height
Two No. ten valves 20 are housed on level drain pipe 65；The valve has regulatory function.
Back pressure machine 41 is pure condensate unit, exhaust steam pressure 30kPa-100kPa.
It is extraneous without Heating Load demand for non-heating period, now：
Ten No. six valves, 16, ten No. eight valves 18, ten No. seven valves 17 of standard-sized sheet are closed, Steam Turbine is in pure condensate operating mode fortune
OK.
For Heating Period when, there is Heating Load demand in the external world, now：
20 No. six valves 26 are closed, adjust the aperture of ten No. six valves, 16, ten No. seven valves 17, Steam Turbine switches to
Extraction for heat supply operating mode is run；
Big, ten No. seven valves 17 are gradually opened with ten No. six valves 16 gradually to turn down, the steam discharge of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 31 enters
Entering the flow of turbine low pressure cylinder 32 gradually reduces, when the flow is decreased to the critical flow of turbine low pressure cylinder 32, now
Ten No. seven valves 17, ten No. six valves 16 of standard-sized sheet are directly closed, Steam Turbine switches to the operation of back pressure supplying thermal condition, now, beaten
20 No. six valves 26 are opened, cooling steam enters turbine low pressure cylinder 32 by cooling steam pipe 36, to turbine low pressure cylinder 32
Implement cooling；Now, the rear cylinder water spray of turbine low pressure cylinder 32 puts into operation；The now heel row blade 37 of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 31
It need to be changed, to adapt to the pressure change of steam in Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 31.
The operation method of the heating system is as follows：
At heating initial stage or latter stage, Heating Load demand is smaller, now：
The steam discharge of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 31 partly or entirely draws gas as heating and is delivered to heat supply system by heating extraction steam pipe 35
System, the heating load that now heating is drawn gas are much larger than Heating Load demand, then adjusted in the following manner：
Close ten No. five valves 15, open ten No. four valves 14, now heating, which is drawn gas, to be fully entered back pressure machine 41 and do work, band
Dynamic generator 42 generates electricity, for meeting station service demand；No.1 valve 1 is opened, the steam discharge of back pressure machine 41 is entered by gland steam exhauster 49
Steam discharge heat exchanger 44；Open 4,20 No. two valves 22 of No. four valves, close ten No. nine valves 19, steam discharge heat exchanger 44 it is hydrophobic
Into one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43；20 No. four valves, 24,20 No. three valves 23 are opened, hot net water is entered by heat supply network return pipe 55
Enter one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43 to be heated by one-level, while adjust the valve of valve 24,23 of two ride on Bus No. 11 valve 21,24
The aperture of door 23, thus it is possible to vary into the heat supply network water-carrying capacity of the hydrophobic heater 43 of one-level；No. two valves 2 are closed, open No. three valves
3, No. five valves 5 of door, hot net water enter back into steam discharge heat exchanger 44 and heated by two level；Close No. six valves 8, nine of valve 6, eight
Valve 9, the valve 13 of valve 12,13 of ride on Bus No. 11 valve 11,12,7, No. ten valves 10 of No. seven valves are opened, two level adds
Hot net water after heat directly supplies user by heat supply network feed pipe 56；20 No. five valves 25 are opened, in one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43
Hydrophobic rudimentary feed-water heater 63 is delivered to by this grade of drain pipe 66 after heat exchange；
Now, ten No. nine valves 19 are opened, close two No. ten valves 20, the hydrophobic of advanced feed-water heater 61 is dredged by advanced
Water pipe 65 enters one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43 and heats hot net water；
When Heating Load demand is gradually reduced：
Prioritizing selection：20 No. two valves, 22,20 No. five valves 25 are closed, open ten No. nine valves, 19, two No. ten valves
Door 20, the hydrophobic of steam discharge heat exchanger 44 directly enter this grade of feed-water heater 62 by advanced drain pipe 65；Close 20 No. three valves
23,20 No. four valves 24 of door, open two ride on Bus No. 11 valves 21, and hot net water is directly entered steam discharge through the first hot net water branch road 57 and changed
Hot device 44；
When aforesaid operations can not meet, can also select：Open and adjust ten No. eight valves 18, regulation No.1 valve 1,
The steam discharge part of back pressure machine 41 enters condenser 33, so as to reduce the displacement into steam discharge heat exchanger 44 so that the confession of steam discharge
Heat balances each other with Heating Load.
In the heating high and cold phase, Heating Load demand is larger, now：
The steam discharge of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 31 all draws gas as heating and is delivered to heating system by heating extraction steam pipe 35, in fact
The heating load that existing heating is drawn gas balances each other with Heating Load, can adjust in the following manner：
The aperture of ten No. five valves, 15, ten No. four valves 14 is adjusted, heating is drawn gas and respectively enters back pressure machine 41, heat exchange of drawing gas
Device 45；
Now, part heating is drawn gas does work into back pressure machine 41, drives generator 42 to generate electricity, for meeting station service need
Ask；No.1 valve 1 is opened, the steam discharge of back pressure machine 41 enters steam discharge heat exchanger 44 by gland steam exhauster 49, opens No. four valves 4,20
No. two valves 22, the hydrophobic of steam discharge heat exchanger 44 enter one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43；
Now, ten No. nine valves 19 are opened, close two No. ten valves 20, the hydrophobic of advanced feed-water heater 61 is dredged by advanced
Water pipe 65 enters one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43；
Now, part heating is drawn gas into the heat exchanger 45 that draws gas；Ten No. two valves 12 are opened, the hydrophobic of heat exchanger 45 of drawing gas
Into two level hydrophobic heat exchanger 46；Ten No. three valves 13 are opened, the hydrophobic one-level that enters after being exchanged heat in the heat exchanger 45 that draws gas is dredged
Water- to-water heat exchanger 43；
Now, 20 No. four valves, 24,20 No. three valves 23 are opened, hot net water is dredged by heat supply network return pipe 55 into one-level
Water- to-water heat exchanger 43 is heated by one-level, while adjusts opening for the valve 23 of valve 24,23 of two ride on Bus No. 11 valve 21,24
Degree, thus it is possible to vary into the heat supply network water-carrying capacity of the hydrophobic heater 43 of one-level；No. two valves 2 are closed, open No. three valves 3, five
Valve 5, hot net water enter back into steam discharge heat exchanger 44 and heated by two level；6, No. eight valves 8 of No. six valves are opened, hot net water enters back into
Two level hydrophobic heat exchanger 46 is heated by three-level, while adjusts the aperture of No. seven valves 7, No. six valves, 6, No. eight valves 8, Ke Yigai
Become the heat supply network water-carrying capacity into the hydrophobic heater 46 of two level；No. ten valves 10 are closed, open No. nine valves 9, ride on Bus No. 11 valve 11,
Hot net water enters back into the heat exchanger 45 that draws gas and heated by level Four, then supplies user by heat supply network feed pipe 56；Open 20 No. five valves
Door 25, hydrophobic in one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger 43 are delivered to rudimentary feed-water heater 63 after heat exchange by this grade of drain pipe 66.
In the present embodiment, the mode of heating of hot net water is step heating in the heating system, is changed successively one-level is hydrophobic
Heated up in hot device 43, steam discharge heat exchanger 44, two level hydrophobic heat exchanger 46, the heat exchanger 45 that draws gas by stepped heating, finally by heat supply network
Feed pipe 56 supplies user.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
Member, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
In protection scope of the present invention.Although the present invention is disclosed as above with embodiment, it is not limited to the protection of the present invention
Scope, any technical staff for being familiar with this technology, in the variation and retouching made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention,
Protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system, it is characterised in that：Including Steam Turbine Through IP Admission (31), turbine low pressure cylinder (32), condenser (33)；The steam discharge of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission (31) leads to Cross and be connected with turbine low pressure cylinder (32) mesolow cylinder communicating pipe (34), and ten No. seven are equipped with mesolow cylinder communicating pipe (34) Valve (17)；Heating extraction steam pipe (35) is connected with mesolow cylinder communicating pipe (34), and is equipped with ten No. six in heating extraction steam pipe (35) Valve (16)；Also include back pressure machine (41), generator (42), one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43), steam discharge heat exchanger (44), draw gas heat exchanger (45), two level hydrophobic heat exchanger (46)；First suction branch (47) respectively with heating extraction steam pipe (35), the heat exchanger that draws gas (45) Steam inlet connects, and ten No. five valves (15) are housed on the first suction branch (47)；Draw gas heat exchanger (45) it is hydrophobic go out Mouth is connected by pipeline with two level hydrophobic heat exchanger (46), and ten No. two valves (12) are housed on pipeline；Second suction branch (48) steam inlet respectively with heating extraction steam pipe (35), back pressure machine (41) is connected, and is equipped with the second suction branch (48) Ten No. four valves (14)；Back pressure machine (41) is connected with generator (42)；The steam drain of back pressure machine (41) respectively with condenser (33), Gland steam exhauster (49) is connected, and ten No. eight valves (18), No.1 valve (1) are respectively provided with pipeline；Gland steam exhauster (49) and steam discharge The steam inlet connection of heat exchanger (44)；Heat supply network return pipe (55) successively with one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43), steam discharge heat exchanger (44), two level hydrophobic heat exchanger (46), the heat exchanger that draws gas (45) connection；One-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) is provided with the first hot net water Branch road (57), and be respectively provided with the hot net water import and export and the first hot net water branch road (57) of one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) 20 No. four valves (24), 20 No. three valves (23), two ride on Bus No. 11 valves (21)；Steam discharge heat exchanger (44) is provided with the second heat Net water branch road (50), and be respectively provided with the hot net water import and export and the second hot net water branch road (50) of steam discharge heat exchanger (44) No. three valves (3), No. five valves (5), No. two valves (2)；Two level hydrophobic heat exchanger (46) is provided with the 3rd hot net water branch road (52) No. six, and on the hot net water import and export and the 3rd hot net water branch road (52) of two level hydrophobic heat exchanger (46) are respectively provided with Valve (6), No. eight valves (8), No. seven valves (7)；The heat exchanger (45) that draws gas is provided with the 4th hot net water branch road (51), and is taking out No. nine valves (9), ride on Bus No. 11 valves are respectively provided with the hot net water import and export of vapour heat exchanger (45) and the 4th hot net water branch road (51) Door (11), No. ten valves (10)；Heat supply network feed pipe (56) is connected with the heat supply network water out of the heat exchanger that draws gas (45)；One-level is hydrophobic to change Hot device (43) is connected by hydrophobic outlet of the hydrophobic pipeline respectively with steam discharge heat exchanger (44), two level hydrophobic heat exchanger (46), and No. four valves (4), ten No. three valves (13) are respectively provided with hydrophobic export pipeline；Also include advanced feed-water heater (61), this grade of feed-water heater (62), rudimentary feed-water heater (63)；Boiler feed pipe (64) it is connected successively with rudimentary feed-water heater (63), this grade of feed-water heater (62), advanced feed-water heater (61)；This level is dredged Water pipe (66) is connected with rudimentary feed-water heater (63)；Advanced drain pipe (65) is connected with this grade of feed-water heater (62), and Two No. ten valves (20) are housed on advanced drain pipe (65)；This grade of drain pipe (66) passes through hydrophobic pipeline and one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) hydrophobic outlet connection, and 20 No. five valves (25) are housed on hydrophobic pipeline.
- A kind of 2. steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described No.1 valve (1) function of fluid flow in regulation and measurement pipeline is respectively provided with to 20 No. four valves (24).
- 3. a kind of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that also include cooling Steam pipe (36), cooling steam pipe (36) are connected with turbine low pressure cylinder (32), and 20 are equipped with cooling steam pipe (36) No. six valves (26), the valve have cutoff function.
- A kind of 4. steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that advanced drain pipe (65) It is connected with the hydrophobic import of one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) by hydrophobic pipeline, and is filled respectively in hydrophobic import and hydrophobic pipeline There are 20 No. two valves (22), ten No. nine valves (19).
- A kind of 5. steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) hydrophobic outlet is connected by pipeline with this grade of drain pipe (66), and 20 No. five valves (25), institute are housed on pipeline Stating valve has cutoff function.
- A kind of 6. steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that back pressure machine (41) For pure condensate unit, exhaust steam pressure 30kPa-100kPa.
- A kind of 7. adjusting method of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system, it is characterised in that described steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure ladder Level is steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system as claimed in claim 5 using system, and its adjusting method is as follows：It is extraneous without Heating Load demand in non-heating period, now：Ten No. six valves (16), 20 No. six valves (26), ten No. seven valves (17) of standard-sized sheet are closed, Steam Turbine is in pure condensate work Condition is run；In Heating Period, there is Heating Load demand in the external world, now：Close 20 No. six valves (26), ten No. six valves (16) of regulation, the aperture of ten No. seven valves (17), Steam Turbine are in Extraction for heat supply operating mode is run；Or ten No. seven valves (17) are closed, ten No. six valves (16) of standard-sized sheet, 20 No. six valves (26), Steam Turbine are in back pressure Supplying thermal condition is run；Now, cooling steam enters turbine low pressure cylinder (32) by cooling steam pipe (36), to steam turbine low-pressure Cylinder (32) implements cooling；Now, the rear cylinder water spray of turbine low pressure cylinder (32) puts into operation；Described Steam Turbine Through IP Admission (31) Also include heel row blade (37), now the heel row blade (37) of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission (31) need to be changed, to adapt to steam turbine The pressure change of intermediate pressure cylinder (31) interior steam.
- 8. a kind of adjusting method of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that it is supplied The operation method of hot systems is as follows：At heating initial stage or latter stage, Heating Load demand is smaller, now：The steam discharge of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission (31) partly or entirely draws gas as heating and is delivered to heat supply system by heating extraction steam pipe (35) System, the heating load that now heating is drawn gas are much larger than Heating Load demand, then adjusted in the following manner：Ten No. five valves (15) to be closed, open ten No. four valves (14), now heating, which is drawn gas, fully enters back pressure machine (41) acting, Generator (42) is driven to generate electricity；No.1 valve (1) is opened, the steam discharge of back pressure machine (41) enters steam discharge heat exchanger by gland steam exhauster (49) (44)；Open No. four valves (4), 20 No. two valves (22), close ten No. nine valves (19), steam discharge heat exchanger (44) it is hydrophobic Into one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43)；20 No. four valves (24), 20 No. three valves (23) are opened, hot net water is by heat supply network backwater Pipe (55) is heated into one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) by one-level, while adjusts two ride on Bus No. 11 valves (21), 20 No. four valves (24), the aperture of 20 No. three valves (23), thus it is possible to vary into the heat supply network water-carrying capacity of the hydrophobic heater of one-level (43)；Close two Number valve (2), opens No. three valves (3), No. five valves (5), and hot net water enters back into steam discharge heat exchanger (44) and heated by two level；Close Close No. six valves (6), No. eight valves (8), No. nine valves (9), ride on Bus No. 11 valve (11), ten No. two valves (12), ten No. three valves Door (13), opens No. seven valves (7), No. ten valves (10), and the hot net water after two level heating is directly supplied by heat supply network feed pipe (56) To user；Open 20 No. five valves (25), hydrophobic in one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) is after heat exchange by this grade of drain pipe (66) it is delivered to rudimentary feed-water heater (63)；Now, open ten No. nine valves (19), close two No. ten valves (20), advanced feed-water heater (61) it is hydrophobic by advanced Drain pipe (65) enters one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) heating hot net water；When Heating Load demand is gradually reduced：20 No. two valves (22), 20 No. five valves (25) are closed, open ten No. nine valves (19), two No. ten valves (20), The hydrophobic of steam discharge heat exchanger (44) directly enters this grade of feed-water heater (62) by advanced drain pipe (65)；Close 20 No. three valves Door (23), 20 No. four valves (24), open two ride on Bus No. 11 valves (21), and hot net water directly enters through the first hot net water branch road (57) Enter steam discharge heat exchanger (44)；When aforesaid operations can not meet, continue to open and adjust ten No. eight valves (18), regulation No.1 valve (1), back pressure machine (41) steam discharge part enters condenser (33), so as to reduce the displacement into steam discharge heat exchanger (44) so that the confession of steam discharge Heat balances each other with Heating Load.
- 9. a kind of adjusting method of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that adopting When warming up the high and cold phase, Heating Load demand is larger, now：The steam discharge of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission (31) all draws gas as heating and is delivered to heating system by heating extraction steam pipe (35), in fact The heating load that existing heating is drawn gas balances each other with Heating Load, can adjust in the following manner：The aperture of ten No. five valves (15), ten No. four valves (14) is adjusted, heating, which is drawn gas, to be respectively enterd back pressure machine (41), draws gas and change Hot device (45)；Now, part heating is drawn gas does work into back pressure machine (41), drives generator (42) to generate electricity；Open No.1 valve (1), the back of the body The steam discharge of press (41) enters steam discharge heat exchanger (44) by gland steam exhauster (49), opens No. four valves (4), 20 No. two valves (22), the hydrophobic of steam discharge heat exchanger (44) enters one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43)；Now, open ten No. nine valves (19), close two No. ten valves (20), advanced feed-water heater (61) it is hydrophobic by advanced Drain pipe (65) enters one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43)；Now, part heating is drawn gas into the heat exchanger (45) that draws gas；Ten No. two valves (12) are opened, the heat exchanger that draws gas (45) is dredged Water enters two level hydrophobic heat exchanger (46)；Open ten No. three valves (13), after exchanging heat in the heat exchanger that draws gas (45) it is hydrophobic enter Enter one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43)；Now, 20 No. four valves (24), 20 No. three valves (23) are opened, hot net water enters one-level by heat supply network return pipe (55) Hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) is heated by one-level, while adjusts two ride on Bus No. 11 valves (21), 20 No. four valves (24), 20 No. three valves The aperture of door (23), thus it is possible to vary into the heat supply network water-carrying capacity of the hydrophobic heater of one-level (43)；No. two valves (2) are closed, are opened No. three valves (3), No. five valves (5), hot net water enter back into steam discharge heat exchanger (44) and heated by two level；No. six valves (6) of opening, No. eight valves (8), hot net water enter back into two level hydrophobic heat exchanger (46) and heated by three-level, at the same adjust No. seven valves (7), No. six Valve (6), the aperture of No. eight valves (8), thus it is possible to vary into the heat supply network water-carrying capacity of the hydrophobic heater of two level (46)；Close No. ten Valve (10), No. nine valves (9), ride on Bus No. 11 valve (11) are opened, hot net water enters back into the heat exchanger that draws gas (45) and heated by level Four, Then user is supplied by heat supply network feed pipe (56)；Open 20 No. five valves (25), it is hydrophobic in one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43) Rudimentary feed-water heater (63) is delivered to by this grade of drain pipe (66) after heat exchange.
- A kind of 10. adjusting method of steam turbine extraction condensing back pressure gradient utilization system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that heat The mode of heating of net water heats for step, successively in one-level hydrophobic heat exchanger (43), steam discharge heat exchanger (44), the hydrophobic heat exchange of two level Device (46), the heat exchanger that draws gas are heated up in (45) by stepped heating, finally enter heat supply network feed pipe (56).
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