CN107540737B - 用于促进内体及溶酶体生物降解的碳氢订书肽 - Google Patents
用于促进内体及溶酶体生物降解的碳氢订书肽 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种Beclin1‑UVRAG复合体结构,而Beclin1和UVRAG卷曲螺旋形组件的残基紧密互补形成稳定的二聚体复合物。这种有效的物理相互作用对于依赖UVRAG的EGFR降解是关键的,但不影响自噬。针对Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域而设计的订装肽可导致非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)细胞系增强自噬活性和EGFR降解,显示这些化合物的价值。
Description
此专利申请以申请号为62/355,883于2016年6月29日申请的美国专利申请作为优先权。上述提及的专利申请的所有内容和公开都结合在此申请中。
在此专利申请中的所有不同的参考文献和公开都在此合并到此专利申请中从而更全面描述此发明从属的技术领域。
技术领域
本发明涉及肽类似物,可以通过特异性靶向Beclin1-Vps34复合体以促进自噬。
背景技术
紫外线辐射耐受相关基因(UV irradiation resistance-associated gene,UVRAG)参与了多种细胞生理过程,包括自噬(autophagy),内吞运输(endocytictrafficking)和染色体维持(chromosome maintenance)。UVRAG最初在cDNA文库中被筛选出來,是因其可以部分互補着色性干皮症(xeroderma pigmentosum)细胞株的紫外线敏感度的能力(Perelman等人,1997)。最近,UVRAG被发现是三型磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(Phosphotidylinositol 3-Kinase,PI3K)复合体的关键调控因子(key regulator)。PI3K复合体是自噬的分子机制中一个关键构件,由两个主要成员包括支架蛋白(scaffoldingprotein)Beclin 1和脂质激酶(lipid kinase)VPS34组成。通过与Beclin 1高效及特异的相互作用,UVRAG与Beclin1-VPS34形成复合体而增强脂质激酶的活性,从而促进与VPS34相关的细胞生理过程,如自噬(Liang等人,2006;Liang等人,2007)。UVRAG亦被发现能与C型Vps复合体协同作用而调控内吞运输(Liang等人,2008a;Liang等人,2008b)。此外,UVRAG通过与涉及同源末端连接的中心体蛋白CEP63和DNA-PK的相互作用,可以帮助维持染色体的结构完整性和正常的染色体分离(Zhao等人,2012)。
UVRAG包含两个在序列比对上已能充分预测的功能结构域。UVRAG的N末端C2结构域可以与膜结合,并参与自噬与内吞运输(Liang et al.,2006)。UVRAG的卷曲螺旋形结构域(coiled coil domain)在与主要的自噬支架蛋白Beclin 1的结合上至为重要。它们的结合形成了一个包含UVRAG以促进自噬的Beclin 1-VPS34复合体(Liang等人,2006)。除了这两个结构域外,UVRAG N末端的一段富脯胺酸的序列亦会与Bif-1的SH3结构域相互作用,这可能令Bif-1能够通过膜弯曲BAR结构域(membrane-curving BAR domain)促使自噬体(autophagosome)的形成(Takahashi等人,2007;Takahashi等人,2009)。此外,在卷曲螺旋形结构域和C末端PEST样序列之间的区域会参与到与C型Vps复合体、CEP63和DNA-PK的相互作用(Liang等人,2008a;Zhao等人,2012)。
至今仍未有原子水平的UVRAG结构,而对于UVRAG的多个功能结构域与各自的配体联合进而调节自噬、内吞运输和染色体分离的多种细胞生理过程的分子机制亦尚未清楚。
Beclin 1与两个重要的自噬调控因子(Central autophagy regulators)Atg14L和UVRAG的相互作用是由它们各自的卷曲螺旋形结构域所介导的(Liang等人,2006;Matsunaga等人,2009;Zhong等人,2009)。Beclin 1的卷曲螺旋形结构域的结构先前已被确定。在这个结构中,数个带电或极性的氨基酸残基使原本稳定的疏水性二聚体界面变得不稳定,形成了亚稳态、反向平行的Beclin 1卷曲螺旋型结构(metastable antiparallelcoiled coil structure)(Li等人,2012a)。Beclin1曲螺旋型结构的亚稳态对于Beclin 1与Atg14L或者UVRAG的相互作用非常重要,因为亚稳态的特性允许二聚化的Beclin 1轻易解离成单体,从而与Atg14L或UVRAG形成异二聚体组合(Li等人,2012a)。Beclin 1的卷曲螺旋形结构域内突变后形成的Beclin1单体保留了与Atg14L或UVRAG结合的能力,从而促进正常的自噬诱导。而通过突变而稳定的Beclin 1二聚体则会减弱或消除其与Atg14L的相互作用,以致自噬体形成受损(Li等人,2012a;Li等人,2012b)。
哺乳动物三型磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶复合体,也称为Beclin1-Vps34复合体,是一种动态的多蛋白组装体,在膜介导的细胞内运输过程中起关键作用,如自噬,内吞转运和吞噬等。该复合由主要成员,包括生成脂质化磷脂酰肌醇3-磷酸(PI3P)的脂质激酶Vps34,与Vps34稳定相关的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶Vps15,支架分子Beclin1,以及作为配体与Beclin1结合的Atg14L或UVRAG。Beclin1-Atg14L-VPS34的复合体主要参与早期自噬诱导,因为Atg14L负责将Beclin1-Atg14L复合体导向ER位点以促进細胞自噬的发生。Beclin-UVRAG-VPS34则在自噬的后期以及降解性吞噬运输中起关键作用。除了这些核心分子外,许多调控因子,如Ambra1,Bcl-2,NRBF2和Rubicon等都可以动态的与Beclin1-Vps34复合体结合,从而调节Vps34的激酶活性。这些分子调节机制,特别是不同分子是否共享调节Beclin1-Vps34复合体的结构和生物化学性质等方面还需要进一步了解。
最近的电子显微镜(electron microscope,EM)结构重建了Beclin1-Atg14L复合体和Beclin1-UVRAG复合体在约分辨率下的蛋白结构,这些结构显示出一种高度动态的V型结构。具体来说,Vps34的催化结构域与复合体主体部分的结合比较疏松,并且可以进行大范围摆动运动。Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的酵母同源物(Vps34-Vps15-Atg30-Atg38)的分辨率的晶体结构显示出一种类似的Y型结构,其中Vps34和Vps15组成催化手臂,而Atg30和Atg38(Beclin1和UVRAG的同系物)形成调节臂。基于结构功能的研究证实,最高效率的催化活性需要组成Y型结构的催化手臂和调节手臂同时与目标膜结构正确关联。此外,氢氘代交换(HDX)分析显示与目标膜的结合会诱导Beclin1-Vps34复合体的某些区域内的构象变化,这种诱导产生的局部构像改变与复合体整体的“开放”和“闭合”运动相兼容。这些研究有助于建立Beclin1-Vps34复合体发挥催化和调节功能的模型,在Beclin1-Atg14L复合体和Beclin1-UVRAG复合体中,Beclin1-Atg14L/UVRAG调节臂和Vps15-Vps34催化臂之间的构象配位决定了Y型的开口大小以适应不同曲率的膜靶。具体来说,Beclin1-Atg14L复合体和Beclin1-UVRAG复合体通过“闭合”其两个臂以适应高曲率新生膜靶表面,从而实现高的自噬活性。然而,只有Beclin1-UVRAG复合体可以通过将其两臂分开,从而适应低曲率的膜靶,如内体。
Beclin1-Atg14L复合体的EM结构和Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的晶体结构的突出特征体现在Y型架构中的调节臂的长卷曲螺旋形结构。Atg14L和UVRAG通过各自的卷曲螺旋形结构域以相互排斥的方式与Beclin1的卷曲螺旋结构域结合。已经被解析的Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的结构显示为反向平行的卷曲螺旋形二聚体,其中多个带电荷残基和极性残基使得其疏水性二聚体界面不稳定。
已有的生物化学研究表明,Atg14L或UVRAG能够与Beclin1形成异二聚体复合体,但Beclin1卷曲螺旋形区域内的“不完全”特征如何有助于其与Atg14L和UVRAG的特异性相互作用还需要进一步了解。同时,Atg14L/UVRAG-Beclin1相互作用的效力还不清楚,但可能对功能的发挥具有重要意义。这是因为,它们的相互作用可能会影响Beclin1-Vps34复合体的结构灵活性,特别是对于现行模型提出的“闭合”和“开放”运动。目前,由于有限的分辨率,Atg14L/UVRAG-Beclin1相互作用的原子结构模型不能从Beclin1-Atg14L复合体和Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的EM和晶体结构中获得。因此,需要进一步的研究来确定Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的结构和功能。
发明内容
本发明涉及Beclin1-UVRAG卷曲螺旋形复合体的晶体结构和基于结构的分析以认定促进形成稳定的Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的分子结构。本发明涉及高效力的Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用及有关依赖Vps34的自噬和内吞运输的功能意义。然后,根据Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的结构,可用于设计特异性靶向Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的烃类订书肽,可用于促进依赖Vps34的上皮生长因子受体(EGFR)自噬和溶酶体降解的烃类订书肽。
本发明提供一种碳氢订书多肽用于靶向包含大鼠Beclin 1氨基酸残基231-245(序列号:15:YSEFKRQQLELDDEL),或人Beclin 1氨基酸残基233-247(序列号:16:YSEFKRQQLELDDEL)的多肽,该碳氢订书多肽包含的氨基酸序列与大鼠Beclin 1氨基酸残基191-205(序列号:17:RLIQELEDVEKNRKV),或人Beclin 1氨基酸残基193-207(序列号:18:RLIQELEDVEKNRKI),有至少85%相同。
本发明提供一种药物组合物,本发明所述药物组合物包含权利要求1的碳氢订书多肽。
本发明提供一种促进自噬或内吞运输的方法,包括使用权利要求1的碳氢订书多肽接触细胞群的步骤,从而增强一种或多种靶蛋白的溶酶体降解。
本发明提供一种抑制癌细胞生长的方法,包括向有需要的受试者施用有效量的权利要求1的碳氢订书多肽的步骤。
本发明公开了比较Beclin 1和UVRAG的更稳定的异二聚体卷曲螺旋形复合体。本发明还涉及通过稳定的Beclin 1-UVRAG复合体增强VPS脂质激酶活性和自噬诱导。
本发明公开了Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的二聚体界面的特征,并提供其在调节多种不同的Beclin 1-VPS34复合体的形成中的作用,及其在控制各种膜运输途径中发挥重要作用。
本发明公开了Beclin 1和UVRAG形成异二聚体卷曲螺旋形组件,相比Beclin 1的同型二聚体更稳定,稳定的Beclin 1-UVRAG复合体可增强的VPS脂质激酶活性和自噬诱导。
本发明还涉及一种Beclin1-UVRAG界面通过疏水配对和互补相互作用显得更着稳定。
本发明公开了Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的卷曲螺旋形平行组件的结构。
本发明公开了通过卷曲螺旋形结构域有效的Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用,可促进依赖UVRAG的EGFR内体-溶酶体降解。此外,本发明公开了基于结构合理设计的Beclin1靶向钉合肽。本发明还公开了合理设计的钉合肽可以促进自噬和增强EGFR降解。
在一个实施例中,可以对肽的序列进行计算优化,以实现特异性的Beclin1相互作用。在另一个实施例中,烃钉合可以稳定肽的结构。在一个实施例中,可以通过改变氨基酸组分或添加官能团修饰或改变钉合肽,以改善肽的效力。
在一个实施例中,设计Beclin1特异性订书肽可促进自噬,并增强EGFR的溶酶体降解。
在另一个实施例中,本发明的肽可用于抗EGFR治疗。在另一个实施例中,通过本发明设计的肽可以通过增强Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用来靶向EGFR降解。在一个实施例中,通过本发明设计的肽有助于增强EGFR降解,从而减少EGFR信号传导并抑制细胞增殖。在一个实施例中,本发明设计的肽可以用于EGFR驱动的肿瘤类型如非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)和乳腺癌的抗癌治疗。在另一个实施例中,本发明可用作现有NSCLC治疗方法的正交方法。在一个实施例中,本发明的肽可用于治疗自噬增强的神经变性疾病。
本发明提供一种碳氢订书多肽用于靶向包含大鼠Beclin 1氨基酸残基231-245(序列号:15),或人Beclin 1氨基酸残基233-247(序列号:16)的多肽,该碳氢订书多肽包含的氨基酸序列与大鼠Beclin 1氨基酸残基191-205(序列号:17),或人Beclin 1氨基酸残基193-207(序列号:18),有至少85%相同。在一个实施例中,该碳氢订书多肽包含的氨基酸序列与大鼠Beclin 1氨基酸残基191-205(序列号:17),或人Beclin 1氨基酸残基193-207(序列号:18),有至少90%相同。该碳氢订书多肽包含的氨基酸序列与大鼠Beclin 1氨基酸残基191-205(序列号:17),或人Beclin 1氨基酸残基193-207(序列号:18),有至少95%相同。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述碳氢订书多肽的氨基酸长度是10至40个。在一个实施例中,本发明所述碳氢订书多肽的氨基酸长度是10至30个。在一个实施例中,本发明所述碳氢订书多肽的氨基酸长度是10至20个。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述碳氢订书多肽包含一个或多个α,α-二取代的5-碳烯属氨基酸。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述碳氢订书多肽包含一个或多个α,α-二取代的8-碳烯属氨基酸。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述碳氢订书多肽包含在位置i和位置i+7的非天然氨基酸。在一个实施例中,本发明所述碳氢订书多肽包含稳定的α-螺旋的肽链。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述碳氢订书多肽对包含大鼠Beclin 1氨基酸残基231-245(序列号:15),或人Beclin 1氨基酸残基233-247(序列号:16),的多肽至少有5μM的亲和力。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述碳氢订书多肽选自氨基酸序列序列号1-12。
本发明提供一种药物组合物,本发明所述药物组合物包含权利要求1的碳氢订书多肽。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述药物组合物包含一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂、介质或载体。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述药物组合物配制的制剂选自霜剂、凝胶剂、软膏剂、栓剂、片剂、颗粒剂、注射剂、粉剂、溶液、悬浮液、喷雾剂、贴片或胶囊的形式。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述药物组合物给药途径选自口服、鼻内给药、经耳朵给药、眼内给药、舌下给药、口腔给药、全身给药、经皮给药、经粘膜给药、通过脑脊液注射、静脉注射、肌肉注射、腹膜注射、皮下注射或吸入。
本发明提供一种促进自噬或内吞运输的方法,包括使用权利要求1的碳氢订书多肽接触细胞群的步骤,从而增强一种或多种靶蛋白的溶酶体降解。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述促进自噬或内吞运输的方法,该靶蛋白是表皮生长因子受体。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述促进自噬或内吞运输的方法,使用该碳氢订书多肽处理该细胞群后会减少由表皮生长因子受体驱动的细胞增殖。
本发明提供一种抑制癌细胞生长的方法,包括向有需要的受试者施用有效量的权利要求1的碳氢订书多肽的步骤。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述抑制癌细胞生长的方法,该受试者选自脊椎动物、哺乳动物或人。
在一个实施例中,本发明所述抑制癌细胞生长的方法,该癌细胞生长包括表皮生长因子受体驱动的细胞增殖。
根据权利要求13的方法,本发明所述抑制癌细胞生长的方法,该癌细胞选自非小细胞肺癌细胞、乳腺癌细胞、结肠癌细胞、卵巢癌细胞、癌瘤细胞、肉瘤细胞、乳癌细胞、肺癌细胞、纤维肉瘤细胞、肌肉瘤细胞、脂肪肉瘤细胞、软骨肉瘤细胞、骨源性肉瘤细胞、脊索瘤细胞、血管肉瘤细胞、内皮肉瘤细胞、淋巴管肉瘤细胞、淋巴管内皮肉瘤细胞、滑膜瘤细胞、间皮瘤细胞、尤文氏肿瘤(Ewing's tumor)细胞、平滑肌肉瘤细胞、横纹肌肉瘤细胞、胃癌细胞、食道癌细胞、肾癌细胞、胰腺癌细胞、前列腺癌细胞、子宫癌细胞、头颈癌细胞、皮肤癌细胞、脑癌细胞、鳞状细胞癌细胞、皮脂腺癌细胞、乳头状癌细胞、乳头状腺癌细胞、囊腺癌细胞、髓样癌细胞、支气管癌细胞、肾细胞癌细胞、肝细胞瘤细胞、胆管癌细胞、绒毛膜癌细胞、精原细胞瘤细胞、胚胎癌细胞、威尔姆氏肿瘤(Wilm's tumor)细胞、子宫颈癌细胞、睾丸癌细胞、小细胞肺癌细胞、膀胱癌细胞、上皮癌细胞、神经胶质瘤细胞、星细胞瘤细胞、成神经管细胞瘤细胞、颅咽管瘤细胞、室管膜瘤细胞、松果体瘤细胞、成血管细胞瘤细胞、听神经瘤细胞、少枝胶质瘤细胞、脑脊膜瘤细胞、黑素瘤细胞、成神经细胞瘤细胞、成视网膜细胞瘤细胞、白血病的T細胞和NK細胞、淋巴瘤細胞或卡波西氏肉瘤(Kaposi's sarcoma)细胞。
以下的实验细节,可以帮助理解本发明。然而,本领域技术人员应明白所提供的实施例仅作为说明作用,而非限制本发明的范围。本发明的范围将由随后的权利要求所界定。
本申请引用了不同的参考文献或出版物。这些参考文献或出版物的全文都结合到本申请中,从而更全面地描述有关本发明的现有技术。应当指出的是,过渡语“包含”与‘包括’﹑‘含有’或‘以…为特征’是同义的,是包括性或开放式的,当中并不排除有另外未列举的元素或方法步骤。
附图说明
图1A显示用于测绘Beclin-1的卷曲螺旋形结构域上与UVRAG相互作用的核心区域的结构体设计。所示的四个Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构体(CC1-4,序列号:19-22),每个构体均有7个七肽重复区。每个构体都可以在整个Beclin-1的卷曲螺旋形结构域上的核心相互作用。每个七肽重复区都由一个由N端至C端所表示。(CC=序列号:23)
图1B显示等温滴定量热法(ITC)分析,用于计算Beclin1CC1-4(序列号:19-22)和UVRAG相互作用的结合亲和力。CC1(序列号:19)和UVRAG的卷曲螺旋形结构域结合最为稳定,其Kd值与野生型接近。
图1C显示了本发明使用的Beclin 1-UVRAG连结结构体。
图1D显示了Beclin 1-UVRAG复合体的平行二聚卷曲螺旋形结构。
图1E显示了Beclin 1-UVRAG卷曲螺旋二聚体界面的螺旋轮式表达。
图 2A显示了Beclin 1同型二聚体和Beclin 1-UVRAG异二聚体的卷曲螺旋界面的比较。根据Beclin 1的序列,Beclin-1同型二聚体的a-d’配对和Beclin 1-UVRAG异质二聚体的a-a’/d-d’配对已经对齐。在七肽重复区中a位置的残基以方框显示,d位置的残基则没有以方框所示。箭头所示的配对均是能量学上较有利的。具有强疏水性的亮氨酸拉炼有(*)号标记。具有中度疏水性的配对有(#)号标记。只出现在Beclin1-UVRAG复合体上的稳定性配对有(^)号标记。
图2B显示的等温滴定量热法(ITC)分析,可以用于计算Beclin1和UVRAG突变体在对形成疏水性卷曲螺旋界面极为重要的亮氨酸被换成谷氨酸後的相互作用。WT=野生型。而1E到6E标记则标示了在UVRAG的卷曲螺旋形结构域中单一或多个亮氨酸突变为谷氨酸。
图2C是体内竞争性蛋白复合体免疫共沉淀(co-immunoprecipitation,Co-IP)的实验结果,鉴定Beclin1和具有亮氨酸突变为谷氨酸的UVRAG突变体的关联。被FLA标记的UVRAG构体被转染到HKE293T细胞中。其和内源性Beclin1之间的相互作用首先使用抗FLAG@M2磁珠进行免疫沉淀实验,然後使用抗-Beclin1抗体进行免疫共沉淀实验分析。同样的实验在在正常培养基(-)和厄尔平衡盐溶液(ESBB)不足(+)的条件下各重复一次。
图2D显示了竞争性蛋白复合体免疫共沉淀的实验结果,比较了细胞内源性Beclin1与UVRAG突变体以及Atg14L之间的作用强弱。FLAG标记的UVRAG突变质粒和具GFP标记的Atg14L质粒被同时转染至HEK293T细胞中。然后观察在竞争性抑制剂Atg14L过度表达的情况下UVRAG突变体和内源性Beclin 1的相互作用。具体方法为,使用抭FLAG@M2磁珠进行免疫沉淀实验分析,然後使用抗-Beclin1抗体进行蛋白印迹(immunoblotting,IB)分析。
图2E显示与图2D相似的竞争性蛋白复合体免疫共沉淀实验。该实验中,UVRAG和Atg14L的GFP或者FLAG标记被对调了,因此,具FLAG标记的Atg14L和具GFP标记的UVRAG突变体被同时转染至HEK293T细胞中,然後观察在竞争性抑制剂UVRAG突变体过度表达的情况下Atg14L和内源性Beclin1的作用强弱。该实验用到的实验方法与图2D相同。
图3A是共聚焦荧光显微镜下的的Hela细胞影像,显示mCherry标记的野生型UVRAG及突变型UVRAG 6E质粒转染到稳定表达GFP-LC3的HeLa细胞的影响。过度表达的野生型或6E构体对LC3的斑状形成(puncta formation)的影响非常有限。
图3B显示了HeLa细胞中的自噬标记物LC3的免疫印迹分析结果,显示在正常培养条件(-)以及自噬被羟基氯奎(CQ)抑制(+)的条件下,过表达的野生型UVRAG以及突变型UVRAG对GFP-LC3过表达HeLa细胞中LC3脂质化的影响。根据LC3-I/LC3-II的比例评估LC3脂质化的特征显示不同UVRAG构体的对LC3脂质化没有明显差异。
图3C显示了野生型UVRAG或UVRAG突变体(1E,2E,5E和6E)转染HEK293T细胞中之后,在氨基酸饥饿的条件下检测自噬标记物p62和LC3的western blot分析结果。结果显示野生型及突变体对p62水平和LC3脂质化的影响,在羟氯喹(CQ)不存在(-)或存在(+)的情况下,并没有明显差异。
图3D显示了UVRAG的亮氨酸突变为谷氨酸对HEK293T细胞的EGFR降解速率的影响。首先将野生型UVRAG或者突变型UVRAG质粒转染到HEK293T细胞24个小时,接着将HEK293T细胞血清饥饿过夜,最后用表皮生长因子(EGF)激活EGFR。,Western印迹分析结果显示,过度表达UVRAG的1E和2E野生型结构体会令EGFR加速降解,而过度表达结构体5E和6E则不会有同样的效果。
图3E显示EGFR在A549非小型细胞肺癌细胞中的的降解特征。EGFR在A549细胞中降解所需要的时间(约5小时)比在HEK293T细胞中降解所需要的时间(约2小时)为长。尽管如此,实验依旧得出了相近的结果:过度表达1E和2E野生型结构体会令EGFR加速降解,而过度表达结构体5E和6E则不会有同样的效果。
图3F显示图3E的实验进行三次独立实验得出的定量结果。
图4A显示了Beclin1特异型α-螺旋结构的订书肽的设计原理。Beclin1的卷曲螺旋形结构域和UVRAG以相对比例绘制,以显示Beclin1的卷曲螺旋形结构域的N端与UVRAG之间形成的疏水界面。订书肽结构显示为图中的短丝带。丝带上显示的球体为化学合成的碳氢装订物,为了稳定α-螺旋肽结构。两个Y标记的是Beclin1上的残基Y227和Y231,其对应于人Beclin1中的磷酸化EGFR上的Y229和Y233。订书肽可以从Y227和Y231周围开始与Beclin1的卷曲螺旋形结构域的C端结合。
图4B的ITC分析,显示了在卷曲螺旋形结构域的c端中有突变的Beclin1(mBeclin1,单体Beclin1)(Kd=10nM)比野生型Beclin1(Kd=0.24μM)与UVRAG有更强的结合。单体Beclin1(mBeclin1)也可以强烈地与Atg4L卷曲螺旋形结构域(序列号:25)(Kd=0.5μM)结合。
图4C显示的是订书肽SP1(序列号:1)与Beclin1的卷曲螺旋形结构域的c端结合的计算建模模型。支架突出的是碳氢装订物。残基编号按照Beclin1的序列。
图4D是订书肽SP4(序列号:4)和对照多肽P4(不装订)的圆二色光谱图。SP4(序列号:4)的α-螺旋结构含量显著高于P4。
图4E显示的是为了优化设计订书肽氨基酸序列的计算建模。与Beclin1结合有关键作用的残基以“*”标记并保持不变。可进行变异的残基以“^”标记。为了测试设计的肽链的结合模式进行了分子动力学模拟。用基于力场MM-GA/SA的方法计算了结合能。三个突出的候选,SP4(序列号:4)、SP9(序列号:9)、和SP12(序列号:12)相比SP1(序列号:1)结合能力显著提高。
图4F显示通过等温滴定量热法(ITC)分析分析证实SP4(序列号:4)与Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域结合(Kd=2μM)。
图4G显示的是动态光散射测量SP4(序列号:4)从二聚体到单体的转变。与SP4(序列号:4)混合的Beclin 1卷曲螺旋形结构域通过尺寸排阻色谱法柱子,并制成其动态光散射(*,LS)和UV吸光度(#,UV)的时间变化曲线图。Beclin1分子的低聚合状态是通过光散射分布评估出来的分子量推断的。
图4H显示罗丹明标记的SP4(序列号:4)与GFP标记的Beclin1在A549细胞中的共聚焦荧光图像共定位。瞬时表达GFP-Beclin1的A549细胞用20μM罗丹明-SP4(序列号:4)处理30分钟,并在共焦显微镜下观察。
图5A分别显示的是稳定表达GFP-LC3的HeLa细胞经空载体处理后(控制组)、经Tat标记的乱序重排肽(SC4,序列号:14:Ac-RALRIQSKEELRD-NH2)处理后、经Tat标记的SP4订书肽处理后的共聚焦荧光图像。实验分别在不存在(-)或存在(+)氯喹的情况下进行的。
图5B显示的是图5A中结果的量化分析直方图。误差条代表一式三份样品的±s.e.m。载体:空载体作为控制组。***P,0.05;t-测试。
图5C显示的是用蛋白质印迹来测定经乱序重排肽或订书肽处理后在HEK293T细胞的LC3脂化数据,在低剂量(L,10μM)和高剂量(H,20μM)及不存在氯喹的情况下进行。
图5D显示的是用蛋白质印迹来测定经乱序重排肽或订书肽处理后在HEK293T细胞的p62水平和LC3脂化数据,在低剂量(L,10μM)和高剂量(H,20μM)及存在(+)氯喹(CQ,50μM)的情况下进行。
图5E是乱序重排肽或订书肽处理后HEK293T细胞中的EGFR降解特征。
图5F显示图5E经过三次独立实验之后的时间变化曲线。
图5G显示经乱序重排肽或订书肽处理过的A549细胞的EGCR降解特征。
图5H显示经乱序重排肽或订书肽处理过的H1975细胞的EGCR降解特征。
图5I显示图5H经过三次独立实验之后的时间变化曲线。
图6显示有效的Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用,通过各自的螺旋线圈结构域有利于形成含有UVRAG的Beclin1-Vps34复合体,通过与C型Vps复合体的相互作用,UVRAG促进在次级内体阶段的早期上游阶段中EGFR的内吞降解。合理设计的订书肽(星形)可以破坏亚稳Beclin1同型二聚体,及协助Beclin1-Atg14L/UVRAG相互作用,同时促进EGFR的自噬和溶酶体降解。
图7A显示了UVRAG(228-298)(序列号:27)与野生型Beclin1卷曲螺旋结构域结合的等温滴定量热法(ITC)分析。
图7B显示了UVRAG(228-298)(序列号:27)与单链形式的Beclin1卷曲螺旋结构域结合的等温滴定量热法(ITC)分析。其单链形式的Beclin1卷曲螺旋结构域使用L182A突变(序列号:33)构建。
图8显示了在Beclin1-UVRAG界面处的其他有利的配对。Beclin1-UVRAG异二聚体界面有额外的“亮氨酸拉链”配对(L210d-L264d’)及和静电有利配对(R203d-E269d’)。每个残留物都示于球棒模型中。排列由描绘侧链原子的范德华球表示。
具体实施方式
实施例1
订书肽的优化和性能
本发明的实验和数据证实,合理优化的订书肽SP4(序列号:4)可以在多种细胞系中以Beclin1依赖性方式促进自噬活性并增强EGFR的溶酶体降解。
实验步骤
1)试剂
氯喹(CQ;Sigma-Aldrich),表皮生长因子(EGF;Invitrogen),抗-β-肌动蛋白抗体(Santa Cruz,圣克鲁斯生物技术),抗Beclin1抗体(Santa Cruz,圣克鲁斯生物技术),抗FLAG抗体(Sigma-Aldrich),抗FLAG M2磁珠(Sigma-Aldrich),A/G蛋白及琼脂糖珠(SantaCruz,圣克鲁斯生物技术),抗GFP抗体(Roche),抗LC3抗体(Abnova),抗p62抗体(Abnova),抗鼠免疫球蛋白G-辣根过氧化物酶(羊抗鼠IgG-HRP)(Sigma-Aldrich),抗兔免疫球蛋白G-辣根过氧化物酶(羊抗兔IgG-HRP)(Sigma-Aldrich),脂质体2000(Lipofectamine 2000;Invitrogen),蛋白酶混合抑制剂(Roche Diagnostics),胰蛋白酶(Invitrogen),异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG;Sigma-Aldrich),聚偏氟乙烯膜(PVDF膜)(Millipore),荧光封片剂(Calbiochem)。
2)蛋白表达和纯化
使用聚合酶连锁反应(PCR)扩增UVRAG卷曲螺旋形结构域片段。是次PCR使用了小鼠的pCMV-UVRAG-FL作为模板,而生成物则被亚克隆至含有人类鼻病毒3c蛋白酶切位点和硫氧还蛋白-6X His标签的混合物的改良pET-32a载体之中。Beclin1和UVRAG卷曲螺旋形结构域通过插入"(Gly-Ser)5"至Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域片段(174-223)和UVRAG卷曲螺旋形结构域片段(228-276)之间连接起来(序列号:26)。然后,被克隆至相同的运载体(Vector)中。所有的蛋白质结构体都被转移至BL21(DE3)大肠杆菌细胞中。这些细胞使用亲和色谱法(affinity chromatography)净化(HisTrap HP,GE healthcare),并加热至30℃。加入异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)后,这些细胞成功表达了所有的蛋白结构体。然后,用3C切割移除标签。使用空间排阻色谱法(Superdex 75,GE healthcare)进一步纯化没有标签的蛋白结构体。
3)结晶和结构测定
使用悬滴气相扩散法,Beclin1-UVRAG链接结构体的晶体在16℃的环境下成长。每1μl的20mg/mL Beclin1-UVRAG蛋白溶液都会被混合在1μl的储备溶液中。此储备溶液中含有3.0M氯化钠和100mM柠檬酸缓冲液(Buffer)(pH 3.5)。接着,晶体就被浸泡在含5mM KAu(CN)2的储备溶液中约10秒钟以生成Au衍生物。晶体在加入冷冻保护剂(20%乙二醇)后就被装载到x射线源。所有数据集都是在上海同步辐射装置(SSRF)中的BL17U1光束线收集。所有数据集均由HKL3000package处理,并被转换为CCP4格式作结构测定。Au位置均由SOLVE31所确定,并由MLPHARE和CCP4中的DM32模块进一步完善,以构建可解释的电子密度图(electron density map)。蛋白结构则是使用COOT3手动建成,最终结构是由在CCP4中的REFMAC34模块所改良和完善。统计数据均被列在表一中以作参考。Beclin1-UVRAG复合物坐标已存放到蛋白质资料库(PDB ID 5GKL)。结构数据由CCP4中的CCP4mg模块制备。
表一、数据收集,相位和改进统计(单个同晶置换,SIRAS)
4)等温滴定量热法
等温滴定量热实验使用iTC 200微热量计(MicroCal Inc.)进行。样本被透析成50mM三羟基氨基甲烷(Tris),pH 8.0和150mM氯化钠。为了测量Beclin 1-UVRAG的相互作用,40μl Beclin1样本被装入注射器,而单元格则载有220μl的UVRAG样本。一般情况下,滴定过程中包括20次2μl注射,每次注射后均有200-s让液体达至平衡。收集的数据使用Origin 7.0分析。
5)静态光散射
静态光散射使用连接到FPLC系统(Ge healthcare)的Wyatt Dawn 8+(Wyatttechnology)进行。系统上配有空间排阻柱(size exclusion column)(Superdex 20010/30GL,GE healthcare),加入至少一个柱体积的三羟基氨基甲烷缓冲液至系统中以维持系统平衡,直到光散射信号变得稳定。蛋白样本经离心处理后,清除所有气泡与颗粒。样本以0.5毫升/分钟的流量被装载到系统中。使用ASTRA软件绘制和分析紫外线和可见光散射谱。
6)细胞实验的质粒构體
來自小家鼠的完整野生型UVRAG(序列号:28),1E(L246E)(序列号:29),2E(L246E/L250E)(序列号:30),5E(L232E/L239E/L246E/L250E/L264E)(序列号:31)和6E(L232E/L239E/L246E/L250E/L264E/L271E)(序列号:32)被克隆至带有FLAG標記的pcDNA3.1运载体中的BamHI和XhoI切位,pEGFP N3运载体中的HindIII和BamHI切位和pmCherry N1运载体中的HindIII和BamHI切位(表二)。來自小家鼠的完整Atg14L則按照标准程序克隆至pEGFP N3运载体的EcoRI和BamHI切位。
7)细胞培养
HEK293T、HeLa和A549细胞系在加入了10%胎牛血清(FBS,Invitrogen)的DMEM培养基(Sigma)中培养。稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白LC3(GFP-LC3)的Hela细胞是新加坡国立大学沈汉明博士的实验室所赠送。所有在实验中使用的细胞系在实验开始之前和实验进行期间都被实验团队用MycoAlertTM PLUS支原体试剂盒(Lonza)检测过,化验结果均为阴性。团队在采用脂质体2000(Lipofectamine 2000;Invitrogen)进行瞬时转染(Transienttransfection)时也有按照制造商的指示进行实验。
8)免疫印迹分析
瞬时DNA转染使用脂质体2000(Invitrogen)进行。在透过免疫共沉淀实验测量UVRAG和内源性Beclin1之间的相互作用时,带FLAG标记的UVRAG质粒(Plasmid)被转染至HEK293T细胞。另外,进行用以证明UVRAG和Atg14L与内源性Beclin1结合时互相竞争的免疫共沉淀实验时,同等数量的带FLAG标记的突变型UVRAG质粒和绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)标记的Atg14L质粒或同等数量的带FLAG标记的Atg14L质粒和有绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)标记突变型UVRAG质粒均被共同转染至HEK293T细胞。在进行测定LC3II、p62和EGFR分解的蛋白质印迹实验时,带FLAG标记的突变型UVRAG质粒分别被转染至HEK293T细胞,稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白LC3的HeLa细胞和非小细胞肺癌细胞A549中。细胞在IP缓冲液(25mM HEPES pH 7.5,10mM氯化镁(MgCl2),150mM氯化钠,1mM EDTA·2Na,1%Nonidet P-40,1%Triton X-100和2%甘油)或添加了新鲜的无EDTA蛋白酶混合抑制剂(Roche)或Laemmli样本缓冲液(62.5mM三羟基氨基甲烷-盐酸(Tris-HCl),pH6.8,2%SDS,25%甘油和5%β-巯基乙醇)中裂解。部分蛋白裂解液会直接进行免疫印迹测试或免疫共沉淀分析。在免疫共沉淀实验中,裂解液与有FLAG标记的磁珠(Sigma)被放置于4℃下培育一夜。然后,磁珠被1×IP裂解缓冲液洗5次,然后使用2×SDS样本缓冲液洗脱。
9)荧光显微分析
稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白-LC3的Hela细胞被PBS冲洗两遍,然后加入4%多聚甲醛(PFA)至PBS中,固定在在冰上20分钟。用PBS冲洗三次后,细胞都被封片剂(FluorSave试剂,Calbiochem)固定在玻璃片上,并放置在徕卡倒置共焦显微镜(TCS-SP8-MP系统)下检测。显微照片在室温中以63X油浸物镜拍摄,使用LAS X软件进行图像采集。
10)EGFR降解测定
HEK293T或A549细胞在6孔板上先被PBS冲洗两遍,再在无血清的情况下用DMEM培养一晚。细胞被含有200ng/mL表皮生长因子(Invitrogen)的DMEM培养基(含有20mM HEPES和0.2%BSA)培养时,EGFR内吞作用在培养基的诱导下开始进行。实验团队在表皮生长因子刺激细胞后的每个时间点都会收集细胞,并以Laemmli样品缓冲液(62.5mM三羟基氨基甲烷-盐酸(Tris-HCl),pH 6.8,2%SDS,25%甘油和5%β-巯基乙醇)裂解。20μg蛋白裂解液会在每个时间点中被收集,并使用SDS-PAGE和抗EGFR抗体(1:2000,Santa Cruz)的免疫印迹法分析。
11)订书肽的计算设计
Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的第191-205个残基(PDB ID 3Q8T;序列号:17)的α-螺旋部分的三维结构被用作SP1(序列号:1)的初始三维结构模型。其余十一个SP订书肽(即SP2-SP12,序列号:1-12)透过取代位于191、194、195、201和205位置的残基设计出来。在计算机模拟(in silico)中,于第197和第204个残基加入13碳长度的碳氢化合物,并把其连接起来。每个SP订书肽的N端都被一个乙酰基(acetyl group)封起,而每个SP订书肽的C端都被甲胺(methylamide)所封起。所有的上述分子建模任务均使用Sybyl软件(8.0版)进行分析。
在分子动力学模拟下,每个Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域单体上的SP订书肽的结合模式都被推论出来。每个SP订书肽的装订区域的力场参数均由AMBER软件中的Antechamber模块(第14版)运算;而其余部分则各自被分配到有关的FF03SB力场参数。Beclin1和SP订书肽复合物则由一个每条边都有边缘的TIP3P水箱在溶剂化。复合物的结构首先通过AMBER软件中的Sander模块循序渐进地优化,然后在100ps内从0K加热到300K。最后,复合物的结构在没有任何限制的情况下在300K和一个大气压力的环境下在8ns内达到平衡。根据分子动力学模拟,被套用至AMBER软件中的MM-GB/SA法被用于计算每个SP订书肽结合到Beclin1的结合亲和力。在整个分子动力学轨迹(MD trajectory)中的最后4ns内,总共有400张快照中被拍下,每张快照间均有10ps间隔。每个SP订书肽的最终结合能就是由这400张快照上获得的结果的平均值所运算出来。振动熵(Vibrational entropy)并不在这个实验的考虑范围。MM-GB/SA计算中使用的所有参数被都设置为默认值。
12)合成订书肽
实验团队从上海ABBiochem股份有限公司购入由计算机运算优化的订书肽和乱序重排肽。其化学结构及纯度由高解析度质谱仪(HRMS)及高效液相层析仪(HPLC)进行分析。
结果
含有平行卷曲螺旋形组件的Beclin1-UVRAG复合体结构
Beclin 1卷曲螺旋形结构域的显着特性含有7个七肽重复区abcdefg的氨基酸序列,长度约90个残基,UVRAG的卷曲螺旋形结构域含有长度约50个残基的重复区,并有富甘氨酸的灵活穿插段。如果Beclin1和UVRAG的序列不匹配,无法预测Beclin1和UVRAG形成的卷曲螺旋形结构组件。为了识别Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域中与UVRAG结合的最关键区域,产生了4个四个卷曲螺旋形结构体(CC1-4,序列号:19-22),每个含有7个七肽重复区,涉及了Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的全部13个七肽重复区序列(残基175-266)。等温滴定量热法(ITC)分析显示CC1(序列号:19),即Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的一半N末端与UVRAG强烈结合,具有与整个Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域相似的结合亲和力Kd(图1B)。结构体CC2至CC4(序列号:20-22)与UVRAG的相互作用显着减弱,Kd降低10-50倍(图1B)。在确认Beclin1最关键的区域后,生成了Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的构建体,其中Beclin1CC1(序列号:19)片段通过柔性(GS)5连接子与UVRAG卷曲线圈结构域连接(序列号:26)(图1C)。这种设计是为了防止Beclin1和UVRAG卷曲线圈之间的自发组装,这将干扰异二聚体UVRAG-Beclin1复合体的形成。该连接的构建体容易产生晶体,在同步加速器源处衍射至并且通过使用Au作为重金属衍生物的SIRAS测定结构(表一)。
表二、卷曲螺旋形结构体的序号及氨基酸序列
Beclin1-UVRAG连接结构揭示了平行的异二聚线性卷曲螺旋形结构(图1D)。在晶格内,这个复合体在两个相邻的肽链之间形成,一个分子的Beclin1CC1(序列号:19)片段与邻近的对称相关分子的UVRAG卷曲线圈区域匹配,而柔性(GS)5接头没有显示在图7。Beclin1-UVRAG界面显示了平行卷曲线圈的图案,即七肽重复序列内的a位和d位的残基形成疏水性a-a'和d-d'配对以稳定异二聚体复合体(图1E)。这种布置不同于在单独的Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的反平行卷曲螺旋形同型二聚体中观察到的a-d'配对(Li等人,2012a).
Beclin1-UVRAG卷曲螺旋形复合体可以装配到酵母Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的晶体结构中。用于本发明的Beclin1和UVRAG构建体分別包括残基174-223和228-276。基于序列比对,酵母Atg30和Atg38中的相应片段分別为215-280和208-256,大约相当于各自的CC2段的前半部分配对,并且当Atg30 CC2链开始进入Vps15的WD40域时,在区域周围结束(图8)。此外,相应CC2片段的Atg38在相同的区域周围显示小的弯曲,破坏了肽链的α-螺旋结构,这表明Atg30和Atg38之间的规范卷曲螺旋形结构相互作用可能不再持续超过WD40结合位点。因此,根据晶体结构分析可以获得Beclin1-UVRAG卷曲螺旋形结构域中最重要的片段。
Beclin1-UVRAG界面通过疏水配对和互补相互作用显得更着稳定
分析Beclin1-UVRAG卷曲螺旋形复合体界面的分子決定因子信息的结果显示,Beclin1-UVRAG异二聚体比Beclin1同型二聚体更稳定。首先,Beclin1-UVRAG复合体在异二聚体界面处包含一系列称为“亮氨酸拉链”的“完美”a-a'和d-d'配对,以“拉链”并稳定平行卷曲螺旋形结构(图2A)。此外,四个Beclin1-UVRAG“拉链”配对(L178a-L232a’、L185a-L239a’、L192a-L246a’及L196d-L250d’;Beclin1残基加下划线)涉及在Beclin1同型二聚体中形成相似疏水性a-d'配对的相同Beclin1残基(L178a-L259d’、L185a-M252d’、L192a-L245d’及L196d-L241a’)(图2A)。另外,Beclin1-UVRAG复合体在其卷曲螺旋形结构界面处包含几个能量有利的相互作用配对,其替代Beclin1同型二聚体中不完全和不稳定的配对。在Beclin1-UVRAG复合体有一个额外的“亮氨酸拉链”配对(L210d-L264d’),替代Beclin1卷曲螺旋形同二聚体中相应的“不完全”对(L210d-Y227d’)(图2A和图8)。此外,Beclin1残基R203在异二聚体界面处形成与UVRAG残基E260的静电有利的盐桥相互作用(图2A和图8)。这有效地中和了现有技术中提及R203对Beclin1同型二聚体的“破坏稳定”作用。通过保留所有“完美”疏水配对并获得更多的稳定相互作用,Beclin1-UVRAG复合体比Beclin1同型二聚体显得更稳定。
为了确认结构并进一步获得促进稳定Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用的分子決定因子,因而产生了一系列UVRAG突变体,其中与Beclin1形成亮氨酸拉链的一个、两个、五个或六个亮氨酸残基被谷氨酸替代(表三)。等温滴定量热法(ITC)分析显示,亮氨酸突变为谷氨酸L246E(称为1E)已经显着地弱化其与Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域在体外实验结合。免疫沉淀实验可以在体内实验探测亮氨酸突变为谷氨酸对Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用的影响。把FLAG标记的UVRAG突变体转染到HEK293T细胞中,可以评估其与内源性Beclin1的相互作用。根据获得的结果,所有UVRAG突变体可以在正常和营养缺乏条件下下拉相似量的内源性Beclin1(图2C)。上述结果显示,虽然UVRAG卷曲螺旋形结构域对于与Beclin1的相互作用至关重要,可以削弱或破坏Beclin1-UVRAG卷曲螺旋形相互作用,但不足以完全消除这两种蛋白质的体内结合。这可能是由于有其他区域的参与促成Beclin1-UVRAG的相互作用。实际上,在酵母Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的晶体结构中,Atg30和Atg38的N末端结构域在Y形底部相互缠绕,而C末端膜结合结构域在调节臂的末端紧密接触(Rostislavleva,Soler等人2015)。
表三、亮氨酸突变为谷氨酸的UVRAG突变体
UVRAG | 突变 | Kd |
WT(序列号:28) | 沒有 | 0.3 |
1E(序列号:29) | L246E | 180 |
2E(序列号:30) | L246E_L250E | 未能检测 |
5E(序列号:31) | L232E_L239E_L246E_L250E_L264E | 未能检测 |
6E(序列号:32) | L232E_L239E_L246E_L250E_L264E_L271E | 未能检测 |
野生型UVRAG(序列号:28)
MSSCASLGGPVPLPPPGPSAALTSGAPARALHVELPSQQRRLRHLRNIAARNIVNRNGHQLLDTYFTLHLCDNEKIFKEFYRSEVIKNSLNPTWRSLDFGIMPDRLDTSVSCFVVKIWGGKEEAFQLLIEWKVYLDGLKYLGQQIHARNQNEIIFGLNDGYYGAPCEHKGHPNAQKNLLQVDQNCVRNSYDVFSLLRLHRAQCAIKQTQVTVQRLGKEIEEKLRLTSTSNELKKESECLRLKILVLRNELERQKKALGREVAFLHKQQMALQDKGSAFSTEHGKLQLQKDSLSELRKECTAKRELFLKTNAQLTIRCRQLLSELSYIYPIDLNEHKDYFVCGVKLPNSEDFQAKEDGSIAVALGYTAHLVSMISFFLQVPLRYPIIHKGSRSTIKDNINDKLTEKEREFPLYPKGGEKLQFDYGVYLLNKNIAQLRYQHGLGTPDLRQTLPNLKNFMEHGLMVRCDRHHISNAIPVPKRQSSTFGGADGGFSAGIPSPDKVHRKRASSENERLQYKTPPPSYNSALTQPGVAMPTSGDSERKVAPLSSSLDTSLDFSKENKKAGVDLGSSVSGDHGNSDSGQEQGEALPGHLAAVNGTALPSEQAGPAGTLLPGSCHPAPSAELCCAVEQAEEIIGLEATGFTSGDQLEALSCIPVDSAVAVECDEQVLGEFEEFSRRIYALSENVSSFRRPRRSSDK
UVRAG突变体1E(序列号:29)
MSSCASLGGPVPLPPPGPSAALTSGAPARALHVELPSQQRRLRHLRNIAARNIVNRNGHQLLDTYFTLHLCDNEKIFKEFYRSEVIKNSLNPTWRSLDFGIMPDRLDTSVSCFVVKIWGGKEEAFQLLIEWKVYLDGLKYLGQQIHARNQNEIIFGLNDGYYGAPCEHKGHPNAQKNLLQVDQNCVRNSYDVFSLLRLHRAQCAIKQTQVTVQRLGKEIEEKLRLTSTSNELKKESECLRLKILVERNELERQKKALGREVAFLHKQQMALQDKGSAFSTEHGKLQLQKDSLSELRKECTAKRELFLKTNAQLTIRCRQLLSELSYIYPIDLNEHKDYFVCGVKLPNSEDFQAKEDGSIAVALGYTAHLVSMISFFLQVPLRYPIIHKGSRSTIKDNINDKLTEKEREFPLYPKGGEKLQFDYGVYLLNKNIAQLRYQHGLGTPDLRQTLPNLKNFMEHGLMVRCDRHHISNAIPVPKRQSSTFGGADGGFSAGIPSPDKVHRKRASSENERLQYKTPPPSYNSALTQPGVAMPTSGDSERKVAPLSSSLDTSLDFSKENKKAGVDLGSSVSGDHGNSDSGQEQGEALPGHLAAVNGTALPSEQAGPAGTLLPGSCHPAPSAELCCAVEQAEEIIGLEATGFTSGDQLEALSCIPVDSAVAVECDEQVLGEFEEFSRRIYALSENVSSFRRPRRSSDK
UVRAG突变体2E(序列号:30)
MSSCASLGGPVPLPPPGPSAALTSGAPARALHVELPSQQRRLRHLRNIAARNIVNRNGHQLLDTYFTLHLCDNEKIFKEFYRSEVIKNSLNPTWRSLDFGIMPDRLDTSVSCFVVKIWGGKEEAFQLLIEWKVYLDGLKYLGQQIHARNQNEIIFGLNDGYYGAPCEHKGHPNAQKNLLQVDQNCVRNSYDVFSLLRLHRAQCAIKQTQVTVQRLGKEIEEKLRLTSTSNELKKESECLRLKILVERNEEERQKKALGREVAFLHKQQMALQDKGSAFSTEHGKLQLQKDSLSELRKECTAKRELFLKTNAQLTIRCRQLLSELSYIYPIDLNEHKDYFVCGVKLPNSEDFQAKEDGSIAVALGYTAHLVSMISFFLQVPLRYPIIHKGSRSTIKDNINDKLTEKEREFPLYPKGGEKLQFDYGVYLLNKNIAQLRYQHGLGTPDLRQTLPNLKNFMEHGLMVRCDRHHISNAIPVPKRQSSTFGGADGGFSAGIPSPDKVHRKRASSENERLQYKTPPPSYNSALTQPGVAMPTSGDSERKVAPLSSSLDTSLDFSKENKKAGVDLGSSVSGDHGNSDSGQEQGEALPGHLAAVNGTALPSEQAGPAGTLLPGSCHPAPSAELCCAVEQAEEIIGLEATGFTSGDQLEALSCIPVDSAVAVECDEQVLGEFEEFSRRIYALSENVSSFRRPRRSSDK
UVRAG突变体5E(序列号:31)
MSSCASLGGPVPLPPPGPSAALTSGAPARALHVELPSQQRRLRHLRNIAARNIVNRNGHQLLDTYFTLHLCDNEKIFKEFYRSEVIKNSLNPTWRSLDFGIMPDRLDTSVSCFVVKIWGGKEEAFQLLIEWKVYLDGLKYLGQQIHARNQNEIIFGLNDGYYGAPCEHKGHPNAQKNLLQVDQNCVRNSYDVFSLLRLHRAQCAIKQTQVTVQRLGKEIEEKLRLTSTSNEEKKESECERLKILVERNEEERQKKALGREVAFEHKQQMALQDKGSAFSTEHGKLQLQKDSLSELRKECTAKRELFLKTNAQLTIRCRQLLSELSYIYPIDLNEHKDYFVCGVKLPNSEDFQAKEDGSIAVALGYTAHLVSMISFFLQVPLRYPIIHKGSRSTIKDNINDKLTEKEREFPLYPKGGEKLQFDYGVYLLNKNIAQLRYQHGLGTPDLRQTLPNLKNFMEHGLMVRCDRHHISNAIPVPKRQSSTFGGADGGFSAGIPSPDKVHRKRASSENERLQYKTPPPSYNSALTQPGVAMPTSGDSERKVAPLSSSLDTSLDFSKENKKAGVDLGSSVSGDHGNSDSGQEQGEALPGHLAAVNGTALPSEQAGPAGTLLPGSCHPAPSAELCCAVEQAEEIIGLEATGFTSGDQLEALSCIPVDSAVAVECDEQVLGEFEEFSRRIYALSENVSSFRRPRRSSDK
UVRAG突变体6E(序列号:32)
MSSCASLGGPVPLPPPGPSAALTSGAPARALHVELPSQQRRLRHLRNIAARNIVNRNGHQLLDTYFTLHLCDNEKIFKEFYRSEVIKNSLNPTWRSLDFGIMPDRLDTSVSCFVVKIWGGKEEAFQLLIEWKVYLDGLKYLGQQIHARNQNEIIFGLNDGYYGAPCEHKGHPNAQKNLLQVDQNCVRNSYDVFSLLRLHRAQCAIKQTQVTVQRLGKEIEEKLRLTSTSNEEKKESECERLKILVERNEEERQKKALGREVAFEHKQQMAEQDKGSAFSTEHGKLQLQKDSLSELRKECTAKRELFLKTNAQLTIRCRQLLSELSYIYPIDLNEHKDYFVCGVKLPNSEDFQAKEDGSIAVALGYTAHLVSMISFFLQVPLRYPIIHKGSRSTIKDNINDKLTEKEREFPLYPKGGEKLQFDYGVYLLNKNIAQLRYQHGLGTPDLRQTLPNLKNFMEHGLMVRCDRHHISNAIPVPKRQSSTFGGADGGFSAGIPSPDKVHRKRASSENERLQYKTPPPSYNSALTQPGVAMPTSGDSERKVAPLSSSLDTSLDFSKENKKAGVDLGSSVSGDHGNSDSGQEQGEALPGHLAAVNGTALPSEQAGPAGTLLPGSCHPAPSAELCCAVEQAEEIIGLEATGFTSGDQLEALSCIPVDSAVAVECDEQVLGEFEEFSRRIYALSENVSSFRRPRRSSDK
单链形式的Beclin1卷曲螺旋结构域L182A突变(序列号:33)
DSEQLQREAKELALEEERLIQELEDVEKNRKVVAENLEKVQAEAERLDQEEAQYQREYSEFKRQQLELDDELKSVENQMRYAQMQLDKLKKTN
为了进一步研究亮氨酸突变为谷氨酸对Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用效能的影响,UVRAG突变体与Atg14L一起共转染至HEK293T细胞,并通过免疫共沉淀实验探测其与内源Beclin1的相互作用。该设置旨在比较Atg14L与UVRAG突变体的结合亲和力,因为Atg14L和UVRAG突变体与Beclin1是有竞争性的结合伴侣,并相互排斥。根据免疫共沉淀获得结果,在瞬时过度表达的Atg14L下,1E和2E UVRAG构建体都可与野生型UVRAG相比下拉相似量的内源性Beclin1(图2D)。然而,5E和6E构建体没有下拉可检测量的Beclin1,表示突变体的Beclin1结合效力已被削弱,因此不能与Atg14L竞争(图2D)。相反,Atg14L在过度表达的野生型UVRAG或1E构建体存在下不能下拉Beclin1(图2E)。然而,当与2E、5E和6E构建体共表达时,Atg14L设法降低大量的内源性Beclin1(图2E),表明这些UVRAG突变体与Beclin1的相互作用减弱,因此不能与Atg14L竞争。总的而言,上述竞争性的免疫共沉淀实验证实,从Beclin1-UVRAG复合体结构鉴定的关键疏水性残基的突变扰动导致这两个分子之间的相互作用显着减弱,其弱化程度与所引入突变的数量相关。
卷曲螺旋形结构域有效的Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用,可促进依赖UVRAG的EGFR内体
溶酶体降解
本发明的结构和生物化学研究高度稳定的Beclin1-UVRAG卷曲螺旋形复合体,证实了其异二聚体界面处有疏水和静电有利的配对后,进一步研究了强力相互作用的官能团对依赖Vps34的自噬和内吞运输的重要性。由于在其另外的疏水界面处的一系列“不完全”配对,Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域仅形成亚稳态同二聚体的研究值得关注。(Li,He等人2012)。此外,可以进一步关注由含有UVRAG的Beclin1-Vps34复合体介导的活性是否需要有效的Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用,即非常稳定的Beclin1-UVRAG卷曲螺旋形结构界面。
把UVRAG突变体(1E至6E)转染至稳定表达GFP标记的自噬标记LC3(GFP-LC3)的HeLa细胞中,以评估Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用对自噬活性的影响。结果表示野生型UVRAG及其突变体的过度表达在LC3斑点形成方面没有引起可检测的差异(图3A)此外,由于野生型UVRAG或其突变体的LC3-II水平,无论是否存在溶酶体抑制剂氯喹(CQ),其水平几乎没有变化,因此这些UVRAG构建体对GFP-LC3HeLa细胞中的自噬通量的影响可以忽略(图3B)。在HEK293T细胞中亦观察到类似的结果,当野生型UVRAG或UVRAG突变体的过表达没有引起p62的总量或LC3-II量的变化(图3C)。这些结果表明野生型UVRAG和弱化的Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用的突变体都不会对自噬过程产生任何显着影响。上述发现与Liang等人的研究一致,当UVRAG对促进自噬的表达的积极作用仅在人类HCT116结肠癌细胞中显着,并由于截断突变使内源性UVRAG水平显着降低,但不在具有正常量的内源性UVRAG的HEK293T或MCF7细胞中发现(McKnight,Zhong等人2014)。
在促进自噬诱导中的关键作用外,UVRAG已被证明在内吞贩运中发挥关键作用,可能通过其与C型Vps复合体以及Beclin1-UVRAG复合体中Beclin1-Vps34的亚基的相互作用有关。要评估Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用促进吞噬细胞吞噬的重要性,可以监测表皮生长因子(EGF)刺激的EGF受体(EGFR)的内吞运输和溶酶体降解过程。把FLAG标记的UVRAG构建体转染到HEK293T细胞中,并通过免疫印迹跟踪EGFR降解过程。UVRAG的野生型、1E或2E构建体的过度表达会导致EGFR降解显着增强,而5E或6E构建体沒有显示相似的效果(图3D)。为了进一步证实上述发现,可以使用A549非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)细胞进行类似的实验。
与HEK293T(半衰期1小时)相比,这些细胞中EGFR降解的速率显着延长(半衰期3小时),可以维持过度增生。尽管如此,A549中野生型UVRAG和1E构建体的过度表达显着增强了EGFR的降解特征,缩短半衰期至2小时及5小时后剩余少于10%(图3E)。2E构建体显示较弱的效果,其半衰期与对照相当,但5小时后总体降解有所改善(剩余约5%,相对于对照的20%)。然而,5E和6E构建体没有显示促进效果,其EGFR降解特征与对照大致相同(图3E)。这些数据显示,UVRAG对EGFR降解的促进作用受到Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用的效力的调节。只有野生型或1E构建体的强相互作用才能显着增强EGFR降解。而较弱的2E构建体只会引起柔和效应,而5E和6E构建体被严重削弱的构造不能引起任何促进效果。
基于结构合理设计的Beclin1靶向钉合肽
鉴于Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用在促进EGFR溶酶体降解中的重要性,本发明提供了小分子化合物以靶向Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域并促进EGFR降解。这些化合物可以发展成抑制由EGFR驱动癌细胞增生的新方法。
基于Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域基本上是长的α-螺旋,并且缺少明显的结构特征以构成典型的小分子化合物的常规结合位点,可以使用碳氢化合物订书肽作分子的支架。这种类型的肽模拟物含有“链接”残基的烃链接,可以稳定其α-螺旋结构,并已被证明是调节蛋白质与蛋白质之间相互作用的有效方法。此外,烃类订书肽通常可提高细胞渗透,因此更多的“药性”
关于订书肽的结合位点,可以特异性地靶向Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的C末端部分,因为该区域是Beclin1同型二聚体界面的一部分,但不参与UVRAG相互作用(图4A)。与该位点结合的订书肽预计会破坏Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的亚稳态二聚体,并使Beclin1单体化。这可能导致更有效的Beclin1-Atg14L/UVRAG相互作用以促进自噬和增强EGFR的溶酶体降解。
基于上述有关Beclin1-UVRAG的结构,订书肽的结合位点可缩小成针对残基231-245(序列号:15)的區域。起始点可设定为残基Y231及附近的Y235,对应于在人Beclin1中由EGFR磷酸化的两个酪氨酸残基,以减缓EGFR的溶酶体降解并维持肿瘤生长。下一个残基S232也是Akt靶向的磷酸化位点,其功能是抑制自噬并促进Akt驱动的肿瘤生长。订书肽与该区域结合可干扰磷酸化并减少其对自噬的负面影响。结合位点的终点设置为L245,因为该残基和附近的L241已经通先前的研究显示,在Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的N末端部分形成具有L192和L196的疏水性亮氨酸拉链配对,以促进其同二聚化。此外,Beclin1的L241E/L245E突变体可以削弱这些亮氨酸拉链配对与UVRAG(序列号:24)结合(Kd为约10nM),与野生型的Kd约0.24μM相比,强大约20倍(图4B)。
在限定了残基231-245(序列号:15)的靶结合位点的情况下,设计了一系列的订书肽。第一个订书肽(SP1,序列号:1)的模型是通过简单地取得与Beclin1同型二聚体结构内的靶区域相互作用的α-螺旋片段来构建的原型,该區域涵盖残基191-205(序列号:17)。在电脑模拟中,引入碳氢化合物以链接残基197和204,位于螺旋的“外”侧,但不涉及卷曲螺旋形结构界面,以帮助稳定α-螺旋结构,但不干扰Beclin1结合。与Beclin1结合的结构模型可以简单地通过将SP1(序列号:1)叠加到Beclin1卷曲螺旋形同源二聚体结构上(图4C)。然后进行计算优化以增强SP1(序列号:1)对目标区域的结合亲和力。其后产生了一系列的订书肽(SP2-SP12,序列号:2-12),其中被认为对靶位点结合至关重要的残基不变,而其他氨基酸残基因应计算结果而变化(图4E)。上述订书肽与Beclin1分子的结合模式通过分子动力学模拟来表征,并使用基于力场的MM-GB/SA方法计算其结合能。某些序列变化,如在SP4(序列号:4)中用Ser替代Gln194与Ala替代Val205可显着改善结合能(图4E)。
Tat序列(序列号:13:YGRKKRRQRRR)连接在所有肽前面,除了罗丹明-B标记的肽,以增强细胞的渗透性。按照Kim等人的合成方法,合成了计算机优化的订书肽SP4(序列号:4)(Kim,Grossmann等人2011)(图4E)。通过高解析度质谱仪(HRMS)及高效液相层析仪(HPLC)确认纯化产物。通过圆二色光谱图测量证实了烃订书维持设计肽的α-螺旋结构的重要性(图4D)。未订书肽P4,即未订书的SP4(序列号:4),的圆二色光谱图,显示出很大程度的环状轮廓。然而,SP4(序列号:4)的圆二色光谱图,显示高α-螺旋含量。等温滴定量热法(ITC)分析显示,SP4(序列号:4)与Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的直接相互作用的Kd约2μM,表示该分子可有效地结合Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域和最有可能在预定目标区域结合(图4F)。此外,SP4(序列号:4)可以诱导Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域中的二聚体转化至单体。在不存在SP4(序列号:4)的情况下,Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域同二聚体的光散射(LS)曲线预测其分子量为24.8kDa。然而,SP4(序列号:4)的存在导致Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域单体化,因为从光散射曲线预测的分子量为15.8kDa(图4G)。
在一个实施例中,肽的实例包括但不限于图4E中所述的肽。在一个实施例中,设计了特定氨基酸序列的订书肽(1)具有靶向跨越Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的残基231至245(序列号:15)。可以加入碳氢化合物钉合以稳定设计肽的α-螺旋结构。在一个实施例中,设计了订书肽(1)的突变类似物。
总的而言,基于结构而设计的钉书肽模仿Beclin1的残基191-205(序列号:17),可以以高亲和力结合Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域,并使其单体化以促进Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用。该Beclin1的残基191-205(序列号:17)对应人Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的193-207区域(序列号:18)。
设计Beclin1特异性订书肽促进自噬,并增强EGFR的溶酶体降解
使用基于细胞的测定法表征了设计肽SP4(序列号:4)在调节自噬和溶酶体降解EGFR中的生物功效。为了增强细胞渗透,可以把HIV Tat标记(序列号:13)的序列附加到SP4(序列号:4)(Tat-订书)上并将其加入到稳定表达GFP-LC3的HeLa细胞中。使用Tat标记的乱序重排肽作为该实验的对照,序列SP4(序列号:4)按随机排列,无烃订书,并附加Tat标记序列。本发明的结果显示,与对照和Tat标记乱序重排肽相比,Tat380订书肽于存在和不存在氯喹的情況下诱导出显着更大数量的LC3斑点(图5A和5B)。同样地,Tat-标记的订书肽还导致HeLa细胞中更高的LC3脂化速率,特别在溶酶体抑制剂氯喹存在的情況下(图5C)。
SP4(序列号:4)的功效可以在促进NSCLC细胞自噬的方面进行测试。使用罗丹明标记的SP4(序列号:4)与A549NSCLC细胞中的GFP-Beclin1共同定位(图4H)。在不存在或存在氯喹(CQ)的情况下,用SP4(序列号:4)处理HEK293T细胞会导致剂量依赖的方式增强LC3脂质化(图5C和5D)。此外,在调节EGFR降解中测试了SP4(序列号:4)的功效。将SP4(序列号:4)添加到HEK293T细胞中显着增强了EGFR降解,在对照或乱序重排肽的情况下半衰期为90分钟,SP4(序列号:4)的情况下半衰期缩短至少于30分钟(图5G和5H)。此外,SP4(序列号:4)治疗显着增强了NSCLC中携带野生型EGFR(A549细胞系,图5H)或突变EGFR(H1975细胞系,图5I和5H)的EGFR降解。
基于结构的合理设计,针对Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的231-245区域(序列号:15)为基础而设计了订书肽,可以特异性结合Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域,使其单体化以促进Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用。该卷曲螺旋形结构域对应人Beclin1卷曲螺旋形结构域的233-247区域(序列号:16)。
总的来说,根据本发明的数据合理设计了订书肽SP4(序列号:4),可以以Beclin1依赖的方式促进自噬活性和增强EGFR降解。
讨论
Beclin1与两个相互竞争的结合伙伴Atg14L和UVRAG的直接相互作用对形成有不同功能的含Atg14L或UVRAG的Beclin1-Vps34亚复合体是至关重要的。此外,Beclin1、和UVRAG都含卷曲螺旋形结构域对各自的相互作用起关键的作用。上述结构域可以通过相互“缠绕”来组装卷曲螺旋形结构域,从而形成檼定的Beclin1-Atg14L/UVRAG复合体。但是复合体之间特异性相互作用的分子机制仍然未知。特别是,这三个蛋白的卷曲螺旋形结构域都含有显著的“不完全”特征,即经常会在七肽重复区中预期出现疏水残基的a和d位置发现带电荷或有极性的残基。因此,在体外条件下,Atg14L和UVRAG的卷曲螺旋形结构域以单体形式存在,而Beclin1的卷曲螺旋形结构域则仅形成亚稳态同型二聚体。所以并不能直观地了解这些“不完全”的螺旋是如何形成稳定的Beclin1-Atg14L/UVRAG异二聚体组件。
本发明的Beclin1-UVRAG复合体的晶体结构显示,由于Beclin1-UVRAG异二聚体与Beclin1同型二聚体的卷曲螺旋形界面形成几乎相同的亮氨酸拉链配对,但前者在处理“不完全”残基上有明显的优势。因为在各自的七肽重复区的a和d位置上,Beclin1的R203残基和UVRAG的E260残基都有带电荷的侧链,是两个主要的“不稳定”因子。然而,这对残基在Beclin1-UVRAG复合体中可聚集于一处,并通过直接盐桥在静电下形成有利的相互作用,以稳定异二聚体的卷曲螺旋形界面。因此,通过序列互补,Beclin1和UVRAG卷曲螺旋形结构域的“不完全”残基成为了使Beclin1-UVRAG的相互作用比Beclin1同型二聚体更有效的定义性特征。类似的机制也可能在Beclin1-Atg14L的相互作用上起到作用,即“不完全”的Beclin1和Atg14L残基之间的互补性将有利于它们在功能性失活的Beclin1同型二聚体上进行异二聚体卷曲螺旋形结构域的组装。
本发明的结构功能研究显示,由Beclin1和UVRAG各自的卷曲螺旋形结构域所介导的Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用的效力对促进依赖Vps34的核内体生理过程至关重要。只有对Beclin1有较强结合亲和力的UVRAG构建体,即野生型和1E、2E突变型,能在过度表达时有效地促进EGFR的溶酶体降解。其它UVRAG突变型如突变型5E和6E即使保留了与Beclin 1在体内结合也没有这样的能力。这项效能上的要求可能是因为UVRAG在形成含有UVRAG的Beclin1-Vps34复合体时会面对来自Atg14L或Beclin1同型二聚体的竞争。首先,Atg14L和UVRAG会因为各自的卷曲螺旋形结构域而成为Beclin1的互斥结合伙伴。因此,UVRAG要有更强的亲和力才可以胜过Atg14L以形成UVRAG-Vps34复合体。此外,先前的研究已提出过剩的Beclin1可能会以功能性失活的同型二聚体的形式存在作为储备。与Beclin1有极强亲和性的UVRAG在过度表达的情况下可能会破坏亚稳态的Beclin1同型二聚体,并形成含UVRAG的Beclin1-Vps34复合体。这会促进依赖Vps34的过程如内吞运输(图6)。这种情况比与Atg14L直接竞争更有可能在本发明上的实验中出现。因为UVRAG的过度表达并不影响依赖Atg14L的自噬活动,这意味着含Beclin1-Vps34复合体的Atg14L数量并不受影响。
UVRAG是内吞运输过程的多价效应物,可以通过至少两条不同的途径调节EGFR的溶酶体降解。一方面,含有UVRAG的Beclin1-Vps34复合体可以增加PI3P的产生并且辅助含有EGFR的内涵体的成熟。另一方面,UVRAG也与C型Vps复合体相互作用以促进自噬体或早期内涵体与晚期内涵体/溶酶体的融合,以增强EGFR的溶酶体降解。这两个相互作用在遗传上是可分离的,因为UVRAG通过其卷曲螺旋形结构域与Beclin1结合,但通过其N末端C2结构域(N-terminal C2domain)与C型Vps复合体相互作用。但是,这两条路线之间的关系并不明确。在本发明中,所有UVRAG突变体预计都将保留其与C型Vps复合体的相互作用。因此,在调节EGFR的溶酶体降解方面的不同表型的唯一原因便是其对Beclin1的不同结合亲和力。在突变体1E和2E中可观察到,但在突变体5E和6E中未观察到增强效应这一现象表明UVRAG在通过Beclin1-UVRAG相互作用介导的内吞运输中的作用在其通过C型Vps-UVRAG复合体相互作用介导的上游,并且相对后者占优势(图6)。
将自噬过程作为疾病治疗的靶点是有吸引力的用途。多个临床试验使用自噬抑制剂CQ与现有的癌症药物相结合,以提高晚期难治性肿瘤的治疗效果.但是因为CQ和mTOR抑制剂(mTOR inhibitor)这类化合物对自噬没有特异性,可能具有脱靶效应,所以依旧缺乏有特异性的有效自噬调节因子。据一项研究报告表示,来自膜结合区域的Beclin1肽可以作为自噬的有效诱导剂,并在细胞和动物模型中降低病原体的复制。
本发明提供一种通过生成Beclin1肽来进行自噬调节的策略。通过瞄准Becline1的卷曲螺旋形结构域与UVRAG结合点的特异性结合,设计合理的、有疏水性订书肽以稳定其α-螺旋结构的Beclin1肽可以与储备中的功能性失活的Beclin1同型二聚体结合,协助后者从二聚体转为单体,促进含有Beclin1-Vps34复合体的Atg14L/UVRAG的形成(图6)。依赖Vps34的自噬和内吞运输增强,会导致EGFR的溶酶体降解增加,并且可以抑制EGFR驱动的癌细胞增生。
本发明的方法提供一个有效的方法,对Beclin1有特异性的通过瞄准Beclin1-Vps34复合体进行基于EGFR的抗癌治疗。此外,最近的研究发现含有UVRAG的Beclin1-Vps34复合体与包括胰岛素受体、TGF-β受体、ALK5在内的多种膜受体的内吞降解有关,因此本发明的设计策略也适用于上述过程。
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6.Li,X.,He,L.,Che,K.H.,Funderburk,S.F.,Pan,L.,Pan,N.,Zhang,M.,Yue,Z.,and Zhao,Y.(2012a).Imperfect interface of Beclin1coiled-coil domain regulateshomodimer and heterodimer formation with Atg14L and UVRAG.Nat Commun 3,662.
7.Li,X.,He,L.,Zhang,M.,Yue,Z.,and Zhao,Y.(2012b).The BECN1coiled coildomain:an"imperfect"homodimer interface that facilitates ATG14and UVRAGbinding.Autophagy 8,1258-1260.
8.Liang,C.,Feng,P.,Ku,B.,Dotan,I.,Canaani,D.,Oh,B.H.,and Jung,J.U.(2006).Autophagic and tumour suppressor activity of a novel Beclin1-bindingprotein UVRAG.Nat Cell Biol 8,688-699.
9.Liang,C.,Feng,P.,Ku,B.,Oh,B.H.,and Jung,J.U.(2007).UVRAG:a newplayer in autophagy and tumor cell growth.Autophagy 3,69-71.
10.Liang,C.,Lee,J.S.,Inn,K.S.,Gack,M.U.,Li,Q.,Roberts,E.A.,Vergne,I.,Deretic,V.,Feng,P.,Akazawa,C.,et al.(2008a).Beclin1-binding UVRAG targets theclass C Vps complex to coordinate autophagosome maturation and endocytictrafficking.Nat Cell Biol 10,776-787.
11.Liang,C.,Sir,D.,Lee,S.,Ou,J.H.,and Jung,J.U.(2008b).Beyondautophagy:the role of UVRAG in membrane trafficking.Autophagy 4,817-820.
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13.Murshudov,G.N.,Vagin,A.A.,and Dodson,E.J.(1997).Refinement ofmacromolecular structures by the maximum-likelihood method.Acta Crystallogr DBiol Crystallogr 53,240-255.
14.Noble,C.G.,Dong,J.M.,Manser,E.,and Song,H.(2008).Bcl-xL and UVRAGcause a monomer-dimer switch in Beclin1.J Biol Chem 283,26274-26282.
15.Perelman,B.,Dafni,N.,Naiman,T.,Eli,D.,Yaakov,M.,Feng,T.L.,Sinha,S.,Weber,G.,Khodaei,S.,Sancar,A.,et al.(1997).Molecular cloning of a novelhuman gene encoding a63-kDa protein and its sublocalization within the 11q13locus.Genomics 41,397-405.
16.Potterton,L.,McNicholas,S.,Krissinel,E.,Gruber,J.,Cowtan,K.,Emsley,P.,Murshudov,G.N.,Cohen,S.,Perrakis,A.,and Noble,M.(2004).Developmentsin the CCP4molecular-graphics project.Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 60,2288-2294.
17.Takahashi,Y.,Coppola,D.,Matsushita,N.,Cualing,H.D.,Sun,M.,Sato,Y.,Liang,C.,Jung,J.U.,Cheng,J.Q.,Mule,J.J.,et al.(2007).Bif-1 interacts withBeclin 1 through UVRAG and regulates autophagy and tumorigenesis.Nat CellBiol 9,1142-1151.
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22.US8802633,Autophagy-inducing peptide analogs,Published on August12,2014.
序列表
<110> 香港理工大学
<120> 用于促进内体及溶酶体生物降解的碳氢订书肽
<130> 2075-A-US
<140>
<141> 2017-06-29
<150> US62/355,883
<151> 2016-06-29
<160> 33
<210> 1
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 1
Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Ala Gln Arg Xaa Val
1 5 10 15
<210> 2
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 2
Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Ala Gln Arg Xaa Ser
1 5 10 15
<210> 3
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 3
Arg Leu Ile Ser Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Gln Arg Xaa Val
1 5 10 15
<210> 4
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 4
Arg Leu Ile Ser Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Gln Arg Xaa Ala
1 5 10 15
<210> 5
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 5
Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Gln Arg Xaa Ser
1 5 10 15
<210> 6
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 6
Arg Leu Ile Ser Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Gln Arg Xaa Ser
1 5 10 15
<210> 7
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 7
Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Gln Arg Xaa Arg
1 5 10 15
<210> 8
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 8
Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Glu Arg Xaa Ala
1 5 10 15
<210> 9
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 9
Leu Leu Ile Ser Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Gln Arg Xaa Ala
1 5 10 15
<210> 10
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 10
Arg Leu Leu Ser Glu Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Gln Arg Xaa Ala
1 5 10 15
<210> 11
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 11
Leu Leu Leu Ser Arg Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Gln Arg Xaa Ala
1 5 10 15
<210> 12
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa = (R)-2-氨基-2-甲基-9-癸烯酸残基
<220>
<221> 杂项特征
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa = (S)-2-氨基-2-甲基-6-庚烯酸残基
<400> 12
Leu Leu Ile Ser Gln Leu Xaa Asp Arg Glu Lys Gln Arg Xaa Ala
1 5 10 15
<210> 13
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 13
Tyr Gly Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Gln Arg Arg Arg
1 5 10
<210> 14
<211> 13
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 14
Arg Ala Leu Arg Ile Gln Ser Lys Glu Glu Leu Arg Asp
1 5 10
<210> 15
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> 大鼠Beclin 1
<400> 15
Tyr Ser Glu Phe Lys Arg Gln Gln Leu Glu Leu Asp Asp Glu Leu
1 5 10 15
<210> 16
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> 人Beclin 1
<400> 16
Tyr Ser Glu Phe Lys Arg Gln Gln Leu Glu Leu Asp Asp Glu Leu
1 5 10 15
<210> 17
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> 大鼠Beclin 1
<400> 17
Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Glu Asp Val Glu Lys Asn Arg Lys Val
1 5 10 15
<210> 18
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> 人Beclin 1
<400> 18
Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Glu Asp Val Glu Lys Asn Arg Lys Ile
1 5 10 15
<210> 19
<211> 50
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> Beclin 1
<400> 19
Asp Ser Glu Gln Ala Gln Arg Glu Leu Lys Glu Leu Ala Leu Glu Glu
1 5 10 15
Glu Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Glu Asp Val Glu Lys Asn Arg Lys Val
20 25 30
Val Ala Glu Asn Leu Glu Lys Val Gln Ala Glu Ala Glu Arg Leu Asp
35 40 45
Gln Glu
50
<210> 20
<211> 49
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> Beclin 1
<400> 20
Glu Glu Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Glu Asp Val Glu Lys Asn Arg Lys
1 5 10 15
Val Val Ala Glu Asn Leu Glu Lys Val Gln Ala Glu Ala Glu Arg Leu
20 25 30
Asp Gln Glu Glu Ala Gln Tyr Gln Arg Glu Tyr Ser Glu Phe Lys Arg
35 40 45
Gln
<210> 21
<211> 49
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> Beclin 1
<400> 21
Arg Lys Val Val Ala Glu Asn Leu Glu Lys Val Gln Ala Glu Ala Glu
1 5 10 15
Arg Leu Asp Gln Glu Glu Ala Gln Tyr Gln Arg Glu Tyr Ser Glu Phe
20 25 30
Lys Arg Gln Gln Leu Glu Leu Asp Asp Glu Leu Lys Ser Val Glu Asn
35 40 45
Gln
<210> 22
<211> 50
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> Beclin 1
<400> 22
Ala Glu Arg Leu Asp Gln Glu Glu Ala Gln Tyr Gln Arg Glu Tyr Ser
1 5 10 15
Glu Phe Lys Arg Gln Gln Leu Glu Leu Asp Asp Glu Leu Lys Ser Val
20 25 30
Glu Asn Gln Met Arg Tyr Ala Gln Met Gln Ala Asp Lys Leu Lys Lys
35 40 45
Thr Asn
50
<210> 23
<211> 93
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> Beclin 1
<400> 23
Asp Ser Glu Gln Leu Gln Arg Glu Leu Lys Glu Leu Ala Leu Glu Glu
1 5 10 15
Glu Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Glu Asp Val Glu Lys Asn Arg Lys Val
20 25 30
Val Ala Glu Asn Leu Glu Lys Val Gln Ala Glu Ala Glu Arg Leu Asp
35 40 45
Gln Glu Glu Ala Gln Tyr Gln Arg Glu Tyr Ser Glu Phe Lys Arg Gln
50 55 60
Gln Leu Glu Leu Asp Asp Glu Leu Lys Ser Val Glu Asn Gln Met Arg
65 70 75 80
Tyr Ala Gln Met Gln Leu Asp Lys Leu Lys Lys Thr Asn
85 90
<210> 24
<211> 48
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> UVRAG
<400> 24
Thr Ser Asn Glu Leu Lys Lys Glu Ser Glu Ser Leu Arg Leu Lys Ile
1 5 10 15
Leu Val Leu Arg Asn Glu Leu Glu Arg Gln Lys Lys Ala Leu Gly Arg
20 25 30
Glu Val Ala Phe Leu His Lys Gln Gln Met Ala Leu Gln Asp Lys Gly
35 40 45
<210> 25
<211> 117
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> Atg4L
<400> 25
Met Asp Tyr Lys Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Lys Gln Glu Glu Phe Gln Lys
1 5 10 15
Glu Val Leu Lys Ala Met Glu Gly Lys Arg Leu Thr Asp Gln Leu Arg
20 25 30
Trp Lys Ile Met Ser Cys Lys Met Arg Ile Glu Gln Leu Lys Gln Thr
35 40 45
Ile Cys Lys Gly Asn Glu Glu Met Lys Lys Asn Ser Glu Gly Leu Leu
50 55 60
Lys Asn Lys Glu Lys Asn Gln Lys Leu Tyr Ser Arg Ala Gln Arg His
65 70 75 80
Gln Glu Lys Lys Glu Lys Ile Gln Arg His Asn Arg Lys Leu Gly Asp
85 90 95
Leu Val Glu Lys Lys Thr Ile Asp Leu Lys Ser His Tyr Glu Arg Leu
100 105 110
Ala Arg Leu Arg Arg
115
<210> 26
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 26
Asp Ser Glu Gln Ala Gln Arg Glu Leu Lys Glu Leu Ala Leu Glu Glu
1 5 10 15
Glu Arg Leu Ile Gln Glu Leu Glu Asp Val Glu Lys Asn Arg Lys Val
20 25 30
Val Ala Glu Asn Leu Glu Lys Val Gln Ala Glu Ala Glu Arg Leu Asp
35 40 45
Gln Glu Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Thr Ser Asn Glu
50 55 60
Leu Lys Lys Glu Ser Glu Ser Leu Arg Leu Lys Ile Leu Val Leu Arg
65 70 75 80
Asn Glu Leu Glu Arg Gln Lys Lys Ala Leu Gly Arg Glu Val Ala Phe
85 90 95
Leu His Lys Gln Gln Met Ala Leu Gln Asp Lys Gly
100 105
<210> 27
<211> 71
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> UVRAG
<400> 27
Thr Ser Asn Glu Leu Lys Lys Glu Ser Glu Ser Leu Arg Leu Lys Ile
1 5 10 15
Leu Val Leu Arg Asn Glu Leu Glu Arg Gln Lys Lys Ala Leu Gly Arg
20 25 30
Glu Val Ala Phe Leu His Lys Gln Gln Met Ala Leu Gln Asp Lys Gly
35 40 45
Ser Ala Phe Ser Thr Glu His Gly Lys Leu Gln Leu Gln Lys Asp Ser
50 55 60
Leu Ser Glu Leu Arg Lys Glu
65 70
<210> 28
<211> 698
<212> PRT
<213> 未知
<220>
<223> UVRAG
<400> 28
Met Ser Ser Cys Ala Ser Leu Gly Gly Pro Val Pro Leu Pro Pro Pro
1 5 10 15
Gly Pro Ser Ala Ala Leu Thr Ser Gly Ala Pro Ala Arg Ala Leu His
20 25 30
Val Glu Leu Pro Ser Gln Gln Arg Arg Leu Arg His Leu Arg Asn Ile
35 40 45
Ala Ala Arg Asn Ile Val Asn Arg Asn Gly His Gln Leu Leu Asp Thr
50 55 60
Tyr Phe Thr Leu His Leu Cys Asp Asn Glu Lys Ile Phe Lys Glu Phe
65 70 75 80
Tyr Arg Ser Glu Val Ile Lys Asn Ser Leu Asn Pro Thr Trp Arg Ser
85 90 95
Leu Asp Phe Gly Ile Met Pro Asp Arg Leu Asp Thr Ser Val Ser Cys
100 105 110
Phe Val Val Lys Ile Trp Gly Gly Lys Glu Glu Ala Phe Gln Leu Leu
115 120 125
Ile Glu Trp Lys Val Tyr Leu Asp Gly Leu Lys Tyr Leu Gly Gln Gln
130 135 140
Ile His Ala Arg Asn Gln Asn Glu Ile Ile Phe Gly Leu Asn Asp Gly
145 150 155 160
Tyr Tyr Gly Ala Pro Cys Glu His Lys Gly His Pro Asn Ala Gln Lys
165 170 175
Asn Leu Leu Gln Val Asp Gln Asn Cys Val Arg Asn Ser Tyr Asp Val
180 185 190
Phe Ser Leu Leu Arg Leu His Arg Ala Gln Cys Ala Ile Lys Gln Thr
195 200 205
Gln Val Thr Val Gln Arg Leu Gly Lys Glu Ile Glu Glu Lys Leu Arg
210 215 220
Leu Thr Ser Thr Ser Asn Glu Leu Lys Lys Glu Ser Glu Cys Leu Arg
225 230 235 240
Leu Lys Ile Leu Val Leu Arg Asn Glu Leu Glu Arg Gln Lys Lys Ala
245 250 255
Leu Gly Arg Glu Val Ala Phe Leu His Lys Gln Gln Met Ala Leu Gln
260 265 270
Asp Lys Gly Ser Ala Phe Ser Thr Glu His Gly Lys Leu Gln Leu Gln
275 280 285
Lys Asp Ser Leu Ser Glu Leu Arg Lys Glu Cys Thr Ala Lys Arg Glu
290 295 300
Leu Phe Leu Lys Thr Asn Ala Gln Leu Thr Ile Arg Cys Arg Gln Leu
305 310 315 320
Leu Ser Glu Leu Ser Tyr Ile Tyr Pro Ile Asp Leu Asn Glu His Lys
325 330 335
Asp Tyr Phe Val Cys Gly Val Lys Leu Pro Asn Ser Glu Asp Phe Gln
340 345 350
Ala Lys Glu Asp Gly Ser Ile Ala Val Ala Leu Gly Tyr Thr Ala His
355 360 365
Leu Val Ser Met Ile Ser Phe Phe Leu Gln Val Pro Leu Arg Tyr Pro
370 375 380
Ile Ile His Lys Gly Ser Arg Ser Thr Ile Lys Asp Asn Ile Asn Asp
385 390 395 400
Lys Leu Thr Glu Lys Glu Arg Glu Phe Pro Leu Tyr Pro Lys Gly Gly
405 410 415
Glu Lys Leu Gln Phe Asp Tyr Gly Val Tyr Leu Leu Asn Lys Asn Ile
420 425 430
Ala Gln Leu Arg Tyr Gln His Gly Leu Gly Thr Pro Asp Leu Arg Gln
435 440 445
Thr Leu Pro Asn Leu Lys Asn Phe Met Glu His Gly Leu Met Val Arg
450 455 460
Cys Asp Arg His His Ile Ser Asn Ala Ile Pro Val Pro Lys Arg Gln
465 470 475 480
Ser Ser Thr Phe Gly Gly Ala Asp Gly Gly Phe Ser Ala Gly Ile Pro
485 490 495
Ser Pro Asp Lys Val His Arg Lys Arg Ala Ser Ser Glu Asn Glu Arg
500 505 510
Leu Gln Tyr Lys Thr Pro Pro Pro Ser Tyr Asn Ser Ala Leu Thr Gln
515 520 525
Pro Gly Val Ala Met Pro Thr Ser Gly Asp Ser Glu Arg Lys Val Ala
530 535 540
Pro Leu Ser Ser Ser Leu Asp Thr Ser Leu Asp Phe Ser Lys Glu Asn
545 550 555 560
Lys Lys Ala Gly Val Asp Leu Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asp His Gly
565 570 575
Asn Ser Asp Ser Gly Gln Glu Gln Gly Glu Ala Leu Pro Gly His Leu
580 585 590
Ala Ala Val Asn Gly Thr Ala Leu Pro Ser Glu Gln Ala Gly Pro Ala
595 600 605
Gly Thr Leu Leu Pro Gly Ser Cys His Pro Ala Pro Ser Ala Glu Leu
610 615 620
Cys Cys Ala Val Glu Gln Ala Glu Glu Ile Ile Gly Leu Glu Ala Thr
625 630 635 640
Gly Phe Thr Ser Gly Asp Gln Leu Glu Ala Leu Ser Cys Ile Pro Val
645 650 655
Asp Ser Ala Val Ala Val Glu Cys Asp Glu Gln Val Leu Gly Glu Phe
660 665 670
Glu Glu Phe Ser Arg Arg Ile Tyr Ala Leu Ser Glu Asn Val Ser Ser
675 680 685
Phe Arg Arg Pro Arg Arg Ser Ser Asp Lys
690 695
<210> 29
<211> 698
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> UVRAG突变体
<400> 29
Met Ser Ser Cys Ala Ser Leu Gly Gly Pro Val Pro Leu Pro Pro Pro
1 5 10 15
Gly Pro Ser Ala Ala Leu Thr Ser Gly Ala Pro Ala Arg Ala Leu His
20 25 30
Val Glu Leu Pro Ser Gln Gln Arg Arg Leu Arg His Leu Arg Asn Ile
35 40 45
Ala Ala Arg Asn Ile Val Asn Arg Asn Gly His Gln Leu Leu Asp Thr
50 55 60
Tyr Phe Thr Leu His Leu Cys Asp Asn Glu Lys Ile Phe Lys Glu Phe
65 70 75 80
Tyr Arg Ser Glu Val Ile Lys Asn Ser Leu Asn Pro Thr Trp Arg Ser
85 90 95
Leu Asp Phe Gly Ile Met Pro Asp Arg Leu Asp Thr Ser Val Ser Cys
100 105 110
Phe Val Val Lys Ile Trp Gly Gly Lys Glu Glu Ala Phe Gln Leu Leu
115 120 125
Ile Glu Trp Lys Val Tyr Leu Asp Gly Leu Lys Tyr Leu Gly Gln Gln
130 135 140
Ile His Ala Arg Asn Gln Asn Glu Ile Ile Phe Gly Leu Asn Asp Gly
145 150 155 160
Tyr Tyr Gly Ala Pro Cys Glu His Lys Gly His Pro Asn Ala Gln Lys
165 170 175
Asn Leu Leu Gln Val Asp Gln Asn Cys Val Arg Asn Ser Tyr Asp Val
180 185 190
Phe Ser Leu Leu Arg Leu His Arg Ala Gln Cys Ala Ile Lys Gln Thr
195 200 205
Gln Val Thr Val Gln Arg Leu Gly Lys Glu Ile Glu Glu Lys Leu Arg
210 215 220
Leu Thr Ser Thr Ser Asn Glu Leu Lys Lys Glu Ser Glu Cys Leu Arg
225 230 235 240
Leu Lys Ile Leu Val Glu Arg Asn Glu Leu Glu Arg Gln Lys Lys Ala
245 250 255
Leu Gly Arg Glu Val Ala Phe Leu His Lys Gln Gln Met Ala Leu Gln
260 265 270
Asp Lys Gly Ser Ala Phe Ser Thr Glu His Gly Lys Leu Gln Leu Gln
275 280 285
Lys Asp Ser Leu Ser Glu Leu Arg Lys Glu Cys Thr Ala Lys Arg Glu
290 295 300
Leu Phe Leu Lys Thr Asn Ala Gln Leu Thr Ile Arg Cys Arg Gln Leu
305 310 315 320
Leu Ser Glu Leu Ser Tyr Ile Tyr Pro Ile Asp Leu Asn Glu His Lys
325 330 335
Asp Tyr Phe Val Cys Gly Val Lys Leu Pro Asn Ser Glu Asp Phe Gln
340 345 350
Ala Lys Glu Asp Gly Ser Ile Ala Val Ala Leu Gly Tyr Thr Ala His
355 360 365
Leu Val Ser Met Ile Ser Phe Phe Leu Gln Val Pro Leu Arg Tyr Pro
370 375 380
Ile Ile His Lys Gly Ser Arg Ser Thr Ile Lys Asp Asn Ile Asn Asp
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370 375 380
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435 440 445
Thr Leu Pro Asn Leu Lys Asn Phe Met Glu His Gly Leu Met Val Arg
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465 470 475 480
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485 490 495
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500 505 510
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515 520 525
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530 535 540
Pro Leu Ser Ser Ser Leu Asp Thr Ser Leu Asp Phe Ser Lys Glu Asn
545 550 555 560
Lys Lys Ala Gly Val Asp Leu Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asp His Gly
565 570 575
Asn Ser Asp Ser Gly Gln Glu Gln Gly Glu Ala Leu Pro Gly His Leu
580 585 590
Ala Ala Val Asn Gly Thr Ala Leu Pro Ser Glu Gln Ala Gly Pro Ala
595 600 605
Gly Thr Leu Leu Pro Gly Ser Cys His Pro Ala Pro Ser Ala Glu Leu
610 615 620
Cys Cys Ala Val Glu Gln Ala Glu Glu Ile Ile Gly Leu Glu Ala Thr
625 630 635 640
Gly Phe Thr Ser Gly Asp Gln Leu Glu Ala Leu Ser Cys Ile Pro Val
645 650 655
Asp Ser Ala Val Ala Val Glu Cys Asp Glu Gln Val Leu Gly Glu Phe
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Phe Arg Arg Pro Arg Arg Ser Ser Asp Lys
690 695
<210> 31
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<212> PRT
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<220>
<223> UVRAG突变体
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Met Ser Ser Cys Ala Ser Leu Gly Gly Pro Val Pro Leu Pro Pro Pro
1 5 10 15
Gly Pro Ser Ala Ala Leu Thr Ser Gly Ala Pro Ala Arg Ala Leu His
20 25 30
Val Glu Leu Pro Ser Gln Gln Arg Arg Leu Arg His Leu Arg Asn Ile
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Ala Ala Arg Asn Ile Val Asn Arg Asn Gly His Gln Leu Leu Asp Thr
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Tyr Phe Thr Leu His Leu Cys Asp Asn Glu Lys Ile Phe Lys Glu Phe
65 70 75 80
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165 170 175
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180 185 190
Phe Ser Leu Leu Arg Leu His Arg Ala Gln Cys Ala Ile Lys Gln Thr
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225 230 235 240
Leu Lys Ile Leu Val Glu Arg Asn Glu Glu Glu Arg Gln Lys Lys Ala
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Leu Gly Arg Glu Val Ala Phe Glu His Lys Gln Gln Met Ala Leu Gln
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275 280 285
Lys Asp Ser Leu Ser Glu Leu Arg Lys Glu Cys Thr Ala Lys Arg Glu
290 295 300
Leu Phe Leu Lys Thr Asn Ala Gln Leu Thr Ile Arg Cys Arg Gln Leu
305 310 315 320
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340 345 350
Ala Lys Glu Asp Gly Ser Ile Ala Val Ala Leu Gly Tyr Thr Ala His
355 360 365
Leu Val Ser Met Ile Ser Phe Phe Leu Gln Val Pro Leu Arg Tyr Pro
370 375 380
Ile Ile His Lys Gly Ser Arg Ser Thr Ile Lys Asp Asn Ile Asn Asp
385 390 395 400
Lys Leu Thr Glu Lys Glu Arg Glu Phe Pro Leu Tyr Pro Lys Gly Gly
405 410 415
Glu Lys Leu Gln Phe Asp Tyr Gly Val Tyr Leu Leu Asn Lys Asn Ile
420 425 430
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435 440 445
Thr Leu Pro Asn Leu Lys Asn Phe Met Glu His Gly Leu Met Val Arg
450 455 460
Cys Asp Arg His His Ile Ser Asn Ala Ile Pro Val Pro Lys Arg Gln
465 470 475 480
Ser Ser Thr Phe Gly Gly Ala Asp Gly Gly Phe Ser Ala Gly Ile Pro
485 490 495
Ser Pro Asp Lys Val His Arg Lys Arg Ala Ser Ser Glu Asn Glu Arg
500 505 510
Leu Gln Tyr Lys Thr Pro Pro Pro Ser Tyr Asn Ser Ala Leu Thr Gln
515 520 525
Pro Gly Val Ala Met Pro Thr Ser Gly Asp Ser Glu Arg Lys Val Ala
530 535 540
Pro Leu Ser Ser Ser Leu Asp Thr Ser Leu Asp Phe Ser Lys Glu Asn
545 550 555 560
Lys Lys Ala Gly Val Asp Leu Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asp His Gly
565 570 575
Asn Ser Asp Ser Gly Gln Glu Gln Gly Glu Ala Leu Pro Gly His Leu
580 585 590
Ala Ala Val Asn Gly Thr Ala Leu Pro Ser Glu Gln Ala Gly Pro Ala
595 600 605
Gly Thr Leu Leu Pro Gly Ser Cys His Pro Ala Pro Ser Ala Glu Leu
610 615 620
Cys Cys Ala Val Glu Gln Ala Glu Glu Ile Ile Gly Leu Glu Ala Thr
625 630 635 640
Gly Phe Thr Ser Gly Asp Gln Leu Glu Ala Leu Ser Cys Ile Pro Val
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Asp Ser Ala Val Ala Val Glu Cys Asp Glu Gln Val Leu Gly Glu Phe
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675 680 685
Phe Arg Arg Pro Arg Arg Ser Ser Asp Lys
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<211> 698
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
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Met Ser Ser Cys Ala Ser Leu Gly Gly Pro Val Pro Leu Pro Pro Pro
1 5 10 15
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20 25 30
Val Glu Leu Pro Ser Gln Gln Arg Arg Leu Arg His Leu Arg Asn Ile
35 40 45
Ala Ala Arg Asn Ile Val Asn Arg Asn Gly His Gln Leu Leu Asp Thr
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Ser Pro Asp Lys Val His Arg Lys Arg Ala Ser Ser Glu Asn Glu Arg
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Pro Gly Val Ala Met Pro Thr Ser Gly Asp Ser Glu Arg Lys Val Ala
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Gly Thr Leu Leu Pro Gly Ser Cys His Pro Ala Pro Ser Ala Glu Leu
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<210> 33
<211> 93
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Claims (9)
1.一种碳氢订书多肽,其特征在于,所述碳氢订书多肽选自氨基酸序列号:4。
2.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包含权利要求1的碳氢订书多肽。
3.根据权利要求2的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包含一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂、介质或载体。
4.根据权利要求2的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物配制的制剂选自霜剂、凝胶剂、软膏剂、栓剂、片剂、颗粒剂、注射剂、粉剂、溶液、悬浮液、喷雾剂、贴片或胶囊的形式。
5.权利要求1的碳氢订书多肽在制备抑制癌细胞生长的药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5的应用,其特征在于,所述癌细胞生长包括表皮生长因子受体驱动的细胞增殖。
7.根据权利要求5的应用,其特征在于,所述癌细胞选自乳腺癌细胞、结肠癌细胞、卵巢癌细胞、肉瘤细胞、肺癌细胞、脊索瘤细胞、滑膜瘤细胞、间皮瘤细胞、尤文氏肿瘤(Ewing'stumor)细胞、胃癌细胞、食道癌细胞、肾癌细胞、胰腺癌细胞、前列腺癌细胞、子宫癌细胞、头颈癌细胞、皮肤癌细胞、脑癌细胞、鳞状细胞癌细胞、皮脂腺癌细胞、乳头状癌细胞、乳头状腺癌细胞、囊腺癌细胞、髓样癌细胞、支气管癌细胞、肝细胞瘤细胞、胆管癌细胞、绒毛膜癌细胞、精原细胞瘤细胞、胚胎癌细胞、威尔姆氏肿瘤(Wilm's tumor)细胞、子宫颈癌细胞、睾丸癌细胞、膀胱癌细胞、上皮癌细胞、成血管细胞瘤细胞、黑素瘤细胞、成神经细胞瘤细胞、成视网膜细胞瘤细胞、白血病的T细胞和NK细胞、或淋巴瘤细胞。
8.根据权利要求7的应用,其特征在于,所述肺癌细胞选自非小细胞肺癌细胞、小细胞肺癌细胞、所述脑癌细胞选自神经胶质瘤细胞、星细胞瘤细胞、成神经管细胞瘤细胞、颅咽管瘤细胞、室管膜瘤细胞、松果体瘤细胞、听神经瘤细胞、少枝胶质瘤细胞、脑脊膜瘤细胞、所述肉瘤细胞选自纤维肉瘤细胞、肌肉瘤细胞、脂肪肉瘤细胞、软骨肉瘤细胞、骨源性肉瘤细胞、血管肉瘤细胞、内皮肉瘤细胞、淋巴管肉瘤细胞。
9.根据权利要求8的应用,其特征在于,所述肌肉瘤细胞选自平滑肌肉瘤细胞、横纹肌肉瘤细胞,所述淋巴管肉瘤细胞包括淋巴管内皮肉瘤细胞。
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