CN107532801A

CN107532801A - Cooking furnace

Info

Publication number: CN107532801A
Application number: CN201680022641.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 埃里克·丹尼斯·巴福德
Original assignee: Standard Brands UK Ltd
Current assignee: Standard Brands UK Ltd
Priority date: 2015-02-19
Filing date: 2016-02-08
Publication date: 2018-01-02
Also published as: GB201502824D0; US20180031246A1; EP3259532A1; WO2016132098A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of forced-draft type cooking furnace, particularly for army, typically encamp or the personnel of other outdoor leisure activities or the efficient cooking furnace that uses for the colony entertained or humanistic purpose is huger.The cooking furnace includes the fan for being used for auxiliary combustion and will be vented the collar focused on cooking container.They are designed to effectively utilize any kind of fuel, including biomass such as timber and solid burning block.They are also devised to reduce the cigarette ash being deposited on cooking container to greatest extent.

Description

Cooking furnace

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of forced-draft type cooking furnace, particularly for army, carries out typically camping or other open airs The personnel of stress-relieving activity or the efficient cooking furnace used for the colony entertained or humanistic purpose is huger.It is described Cooking furnace includes the fan for auxiliary combustion and is designed for effectively utilizing any kind of fuel, including biomass is such as Timber and solid burning block.They are also devised to reduce the cigarette ash being deposited on cooking container to greatest extent.

Background technology

Cooking food and heating water are the substantially required of the mankind.In traditional electric or gas device such as kettle and baking box not Can for this purpose in the case of, the stove of biomass burning or other fuel can be used.Such stove is all being sent out daily National millions of people and outdoor fan and army personnel use in exhibition.

Traditionally, biomass, such as timber, moulded coal, coal slime, coal cinder are all used as fuel.Recently, solid has been produced Fuel slug, including hexamine block, trioxane block, the methyl caprate block and gelled alcohol bag of solidification.Except supplying outdoor fan and military affairs Outside librarian use, solid burning block is also very suitable for humanistic application.

By fans force air by stove, can quickly burning fuel, so as to heat food within the shorter time Thing or water.Biomass is known with forced-draft type stove, as described in US 3,868,943 and WO 2006/103613.So And the efficiency that heat is delivered to cooking container by these stoves from the fuel of burning is not optimal, and cause at high proportion Heat energy loss.The loss of this heat energy must be eliminated by burning extra fuel.In the long run, this has environment meaning Justice, and then mean that a greater amount of biomass must be found in a short time, this may be extremely difficult.

In addition, the fuel to be burnt in the forced-draft type stove of prior art generally will not completely burned, this causes to produce Raw dangerous VOC (white cigarette) and/or cigarette ash (black smoke).VOC and/or smoke deposition exist On cooking container, this makes, and it is used and storage becomes dirtier, and unhygienic.

In addition, the forced-draft type stove of prior art is generally not to be designed exclusively for buring solid fuel block, but It is designed to utilize biomass.The efficiency of the heat transfer of the solid burning block of burning to cooking container is even not so good as by these stoves Biomass is preferable like that.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of forced-draft type stove for all types fuel that can more effectively burn, will more More heat transfers reduces the cigarette ash being deposited on cooking container to cooking container.Present invention address that this needs.

The content of the invention

According in a first aspect, the invention provides a kind of cooking furnace.The stove includes：The combustion chamber that is limited by wall and Fan, its mesospore are closed at one end by base, and are opened at opposite end to limit air exit；Combustion chamber has by wall In hole limit one or more air inlets；Fan is configured to force the air into burning by one or more air inlets Room；Characterized in that, cooking furnace also includes the collar of the openend of the wall of neighbouring combustion chamber to limit air exit, wherein covering Ring has one or more openings, is open on area totally smaller 20-80% than the openend of the wall of combustion chamber.

The cooking furnace of the present invention advantageously comprises the collar of the area of obvious limitation air exit.The present inventor is in surprise It was found that this has the effect for significantly improving stove efficiency.In test, forced ventilation formula will be incorporated according to the collar of the present invention On stove so that the efficiency of the heating water of stove improves about 40%.

The present inventors have additionally discovered that by simply positioning air inlet, stove can be optimized for biomass burning or combustion Burn solid burning block.With prior art can not be with the forced ventilation formula stove phase of suitable efficiency combustor solid burning block Than of the invention has the advantages of notable.

Cooking furnace can also include the fuel delivery chute for being attached to stove, so that the fuel that will be placed on delivery chute is defeated It is sent to combustion chamber.Fuel delivery chute is reversibly attached.Fuel delivery chute causes fuel to be introduced into combustion chamber, and user need not Their hand is placed on combustion chamber.In the case where fuel burns and required supplementation with stove, this is that extremely have .Mainly there are two benefits.First, the risk that the hand of user is burnt is reduced.Secondly, when adding fuel, it is not necessary to move Except cooking container.

According to second aspect, the present invention provides a kind of using cooking furnace heating cooking according to the first aspect of the invention The method of container.It the described method comprises the following steps：Fuel is placed on the base of combustion chamber and lights fuel slug；Use One or more of wall of the fan to force air through combustion chamber air inlet；And cooking container is placed on cooking furnace On.

According to the third aspect, the invention provides a kind of external member, and it includes a kind of culinary art according to a first aspect of the present invention Stove and one or more solid burning blocks.

Brief description of the drawings

The present invention only described by way of example referring now to accompanying drawing, wherein：

Fig. 1 is the perspective schematic view of the forced-draft type cooking furnace of prior art；

Fig. 2 is can be placed in cooking furnace to provide the illustrative lower of the insert of improved combustion chamber perspective Figure；

Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic vertical cross section of the forced-draft type cooking furnace with insert；

Fig. 4 is the schematic plan for the collar that can be used in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the side view of Fig. 4 collar；

Fig. 6 is the perspective view for the delivery chute that can be used in an embodiment of the present invention；And

Fig. 7 is the perspective schematic view of the cooking furnace of the embodiment of the present invention with the collar and delivery chute；

Fig. 8 to Figure 11 is the temperature (DEG C) for showing a series of experiments described in embodiment part and the song of time (minute) Line chart.

Embodiment

According in a first aspect, the invention provides a kind of combustion chamber.The combustion chamber refers to the fuel of cooking furnace wherein The part burnt.Combustion chamber is limited by wall, and the wall is closed by base at one end.Combustion chamber is relative base and wall Extend in height between end, the opposite end is opened to limit air exit.

The wall of combustion chamber can be made up of multiple panels of restriction prism shape (such as hexagonal prism), or can be by limiting The single continuous panel composition of cylindrical, oval or the other shapes being smoothly molded or combinations thereof.Wall can be vertical Or can be inclined so that the cross-sectional area of combustion chamber with height and change.The base of combustion chamber is to place fuel such as The surface of biomass or solid burning block.The base of combustion chamber is not necessarily the base of cooking furnace.

Combustion chamber has the one or more air inlets limited by the hole in wall.Therefore, air inlet is actually combustion chamber Wall in simple hole, when stove use, thus air can flow into.

The cooking furnace of the present invention also includes fan, and the fan is configured to force air by one or more air inlets Into combustion chamber.As known to the forced-draft type stove of prior art, air can be by any suitable means from fan quilt It is sent to one or more air inlets.This means that when rotating, air is driven to from the side of fan when fan is run Opposite side.This will produce the normal pressure of air in the side of fan.Fan is constructed such that the air outside proper air inlet Pressure higher than the air of combustion chamber pressure and when therefore air is forced into combustion chamber, produce pressure differential.Air is defeated Sending can be realized by leading to the conduit of each air inlet from fan.Or air conveying can also pass through the stove with another wall Having to realize, another wall surrounds combustion chamber, when fan produces higher air pressure, to form an enclosure portion, its Middle air is driven to combustion chamber by one or more air inlets.

As described above, the openend of the wall of combustion chamber is provided with air exit.Air exit causes exhaust discharge combustion chamber.Row Gas bag includes the product of completely burned, typically carbon dioxide and water, the air of oxygen deprivation and still in the potential fuel of burning.Will exhaust Discharge combustion chamber realizes air and changes and maintain to burn.

Compared with generally there is the forced-draft type stove of parallel or tapered wall prior art, cooking furnace of the invention The collar of the openend of wall including neighbouring combustion chamber.The collar refers to the element to be extended internally from the openend of the wall of combustion chamber. This has the function that to limit air exit.The collar can be made up of any nonflammable material, but typically metal, such as stainless steel, Combustion chamber is also such.It is generally substantially discoidal, and can have and can be used in providing raised interior section Chamfering.The collar has one or more be open.When with an opening, the opening is generally substantially centrally located. The opening is typically circular but it is also possible to be any convenient shape.Can be multiple phases when with more than one opening One relatively large central opening is surrounded to less opening.

Between the openend of the wall of neighbouring combustion chamber means that the collar must be positioned so that and is not present between wall and the collar Gap, so when combustion chamber is left in exhaust, they are forced to be advanced through an opening of the collar or multiple openings.The collar can be One, or preferably, can also be attached to by any convenient mode on the wall of combustion chamber.Preferably, the collar be can It is attached inversely so that it can be removed so that fuel is loaded into combustion chamber, and is replaced before ignited fuel.

Surprisingly, it was found that by significantly limiting the air exit in forced-draft type stove, efficiency of combustion is big It is big to improve.Especially, the collar of the invention have it is one or more be open, its on area totally than combustion chamber wall opening Want small 20-80% in end.In other words, exhaust is concentrated by exporting, and outlet is smaller 20-80% than the outlet when collar is not present.

Limitation air exit is typically considered by this way reduces the efficiency of burning by blocking flame, and will Cause imperfect combustion.However, it is surprising that in the present invention, air exit can be limited to up to 80%, and Completely burned is not damaged, i.e., still cleans burning fuel simultaneously.The efficiency of this burning and heat transfer for cooking container has Significant influence.It is thought that because air is under pressure, that is, air inlet is forced into, is provided very by limiting outlet The thermal exhaust jet of concentration, it is unexpectedly more more effective than when thermal exhaust is not concentrated by this way.

Herein it is not expected that being limited by theory.It is believed that as fan continues to convey same volume to combustion chamber Long-pending air [mtr3/min], the limitation to the exhaust gas region in the stove of the present invention result in exhaust flowing faster.Assuming that Therefore exhaust laminar flow under low speed then further increases the mixed of oxygen and fuel then using higher velocity variations as turbulent flow Close.This preferably mixing result in higher heat energy by more complete burning and produce.Mutually tied with the release of more complete energy Close, in the present invention, this heat arrives pot bottom by the collar via the air exit region being reduced by " concentration " In the less shock zone in portion.Therefore and content this causes the energy concentration of the given area contacted with pot higher, and Contact.It is in combination, most of thermal exhaust of the more central area of pot is focused on because having to pass through farther distance The edge of pot can be reached, thus it is longer with the time of contact of pot, and therefore can be by more heat energy transfers to pot and content In thing.Total result is to shorten content and reach to boil and/or the time of cooking temp.

Relative to the openend of the wall of combustion chamber, the size of an opening or multiple openings in the collar is for the present invention's Validity is very important.If it is thought that the area of the collar be less than combustion chamber wall openend area 20%, The raising of efficiency and unobvious.On the contrary, it is thought that if the area of the opening in the collar is generally less than opening for the wall of combustion chamber More than the 80% of the area at mouth end, then exhaust can not be escaped quickly, therefore fuel starts to undergo imperfect combustion, causes to cook It is less efficient on container, with yellow flame and cigarette ash.

Cooking furnace can also include fuel delivery chute, and it can be attached on stove, to be placed on delivery chute Fuel be transported to combustion chamber.This is especially important in the present invention, because the openend by limiting combustion chamber, the collar make It is increasingly difficult into combustion chamber to obtain fuel, particularly when fuel is ignited.The groove can be simple sheet material, so as to fuel Being capable of slide downward under gravity.Or the groove can be horizontal, so that fuel is pushed into combustion chamber along it.The piece Material can have the side wall of guiding fuel.Fuel delivery chute can also be reversibly attached, such as by sandwiching cooking furnace so that One end of delivery chute is maintained at the top of combustion chamber.Delivery chute can be attached on the collar.Delivery chute can also have perforation or narrow Groove is to allow surrounding air to pass through.This helps to maintain delivery chute and felt nice and cool, further to reduce the risk of burnt hand.

Cooking container support frame is usually provided with, so that cooking container is supported on into stove when food or liquid are heated Tool top.Cooking container support frame extends to the top of cooking furnace, and cooking container is placed on support frame.Support frame can So that cooking container e.g. is maintained at into the metal frame above combustion chamber at a segment distance.Cooking container support frame can include more Individual pointed tooth, such as 3,4 or 6 pointed tooths.These pointed tooths could attach on cooking furnace or cooking furnace insert, or can be The separate part being placed on before the use on cooking furnace or cooking furnace insert.Pointed tooth generally vertically prolongs from cooking furnace Stretch so that cooking container to be separated with cooking furnace.Pointed tooth can also be bending so that a part for pointed tooth forms flat table Face is so that cooking container to be placed on it.Cooking container support frame may be configured to be kept as cooking container to be higher than combustion chamber Top 10mm between 20mm, preferably 12mm between 18mm, more preferably 15mm.

The stove of the present invention can be especially suitable for biomass or solid burning block.When using biomass, air inlet leads to The height of fuel is often in, that is, is mostly in the latter half of combustion chamber.Therefore, the cooking furnace suitable for biomass burning will wrap Include the air inlet in burning chamber lower part.In addition, it can also be included in one or more of top half air inlet. Biomass may include timber, coal cinder, coal slime etc., or may include the fuel particle made of biomass.This fuel particle can be by The sawdust of compression or the timber of recycling are cut into.

However, alternative is beneficial for the fuel type (including solid burning block and liquid fuel) that can be vaporized 's.It is referred to as the combustion of methyl, ethyl, propyl group and the butyl ester of the C6-C14 carboxylic acids of fatty acid ester (FAE) as solid burning block Material is particularly advantageous.These methyl caprates are currently most popular.Hexamine block is another type of solid burning block, but It is usually subjected to imperfect combustion and produces the cyanuric acid combustion product with high smell, therefore can be examined by the smell of user Survey.By using according to the present invention stove come the hexamine block that burns, it is possible to achieve completely burned, minimize even eliminate be deposited on Cyanuric acid combustion product on cooking container.Therefore, stove of the invention is also applied for including the solid burning block of hexamine.

With utilizing the air inlet positioned at fuel height to be directly fed to fire by air suitable for the cooking furnace of biomass burning The embodiment of the fuel of burning is compared, and a kind of different air inlet suitable for FAE solid burning blocks is arranged by human hair of the present invention It is existing.If air is supplied to the top above the fuel of burning by the fuel of the burning at limitation contact fuel height Space, then primary combustion generation is in higher than this of fuel height headroom.It has been found by the present inventors which results in than only Burning fuel block more effectively burns in itself.Therefore, in alternative embodiments, one or more air inlets are located at away from combustion chamber bottom Portion is at least at 30mm, preferably away from bottom of combustion chamber at least 40mm, more preferably only exists in the top half of combustion chamber.In the reality Apply in example, combustion chamber there is no the air inlet away from below bottom of combustion chamber 30mm.This specific arrangements of air inlet are set Count into for controlling air flow with most effectively burn fat acid esters (FAE) solid burning block, so as to more effectively by energy Be transferred to from fuel in the cooking container being placed on stove, and reduce be deposited on cigarette ash in the smoke evacuation on cooking container and Unburned VOC.As described above, this is similar with having been shown using the solid burning block comprising hexamine Effect.

The generally high 20mm of solid burning block.Therefore, one embodiment of the present of invention has at least 30mm above base Air inlet, so that when fuel slug is placed on base, air inlet is by positioned at the top of fuel slug.This is and prior art Air inlet approaches and is located at least within the 30mm above base and is designed to the forced-draft type stove of the height in fuel The main distinction of tool.Therefore, in this embodiment, the solid of stove of the invention by fan by Pressurized air supply to burning Headroom above fuel slug and run.Therefore, the fuel vaporized in fuel slug has benefited from the supply of air, and because This causes the fuel completely burned of vaporization, the aggressiveness without aggravating the burning of solid burning block in itself., it is surprising that Even if air is not supplied effectively directly into solid burning block (the final source of fuel), flame will not also extinguish.While in by Reach fuel slug amount of oxygen limitation speed in the case of, fuel slug in itself still experience burning, and make enough FAE or Hexamine carburretion is to maintain the primary combustion in headroom.It is thought that the heat of the flame in headroom feeds back to combustion Material block simultaneously drives the burning and vaporization of fuel.

By the present invention in that the burning of the fuel of vaporization is maximized without increasing the boil-off rate from solid burning block Unmanageable level is added to run.Generally, calory burning by (a) directly and (b) by drive above the fuel of burning The convection current of fresh air is brought into make the carburretion from fuels sources.In the present invention, in order to which be restricted to boil-off rate can The level of control, prevent by not setting any air inlet in the height of fuel or significantly hinder convection current.It is most heavy Want, make the abundant burning of the fuel of vaporization.This will occur in combustion chamber, and therefore occur be placed on cooking furnace On any cooking container under.Burning is basically completed before leaving combustion chamber by the fuel for ensuring in burning, to greatest extent Ground reduces the risk that flame can cool down below the flash-point of fuel.Otherwise smog can be produced.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kind of insert, it will can be designed to burn The cooking furnace (that is, having the air inlet close to bottom) of biomass is converted into being designed to the culinary art of buring solid fuel block Stove (that is, is not having air inlet) within the 30mm of bottom.In this embodiment, insert can be configured to provide Base and the wall of combustion chamber.Insert refers to being inserted into cooking furnace (such as former combustion chamber of insertion cooking furnace) Device, with formed according to the present invention combustion chamber part or all.

It is contemplated that different types of insert, but all these culinary arts that should be able to all change for biomass burning Stove so that it turns into the cooking furnace for being capable of buring solid fuel block.

Therefore, the combustion chamber provided by insert is located in former combustion chamber.In this case, the wall of insert will have Bottom away from insert at least 30mm air admission hole.Insert answers substantially sealed former combustion chamber so that is transported to former combustion chamber Air be conducted through improved combustion chamber air inlet enter by insert provide improved combustion chamber in.This type Insert can be configured in the collar for the air pressure around balanced air inlet so that air inlet burns positioned at former The top of room.If insert is fitted snugly in former combustion chamber and some regions of insert and former combustion chamber are right each other Together, then this is particularly useful.

Or insert can replace former combustion chamber.In this embodiment, former combustion chamber removes completely from cooking furnace, And insert is placed in cooking furnace.

Insert can be reversibly attached, and this will cause the stove with the insert for the high-energy fuel that burns to match somebody with somebody Put and easily mutually turn without being realized between the stove configuration of the plug-in unit for biomass such as burn wood, coal cinder, coal slimes Change.

In all embodiments (that is, suitable for biomass or fuel slug), one or more air inlets can have 20mm2 extremely The combination table area of 500mm2, preferably 50mm2 to 400mm2, more preferably 80mm2 to 350mm2.These sizes help to ensure Optimal air-flow.

The stove of the present invention can have 4 to 20, preferably 6 to 18, more preferably 8 to 16 air inlets.When with more When an air inlet, the periphery that the air inlet can surround combustion chamber is evenly-spaced.By entrance uniformly around at this The periphery of sample, which is spaced apart, to be helped to ensure all fuel combustions, and realizes stable and uniform burning.This also contribute to control and The convection current in combustion chamber is limited, it may drive air to exceed solid burning block and increase the boil-off rate of fuel in turn.Will Air inlet is spaced apart uniformly around the periphery of combustion chamber to be helped to ensure that air can be uniformly delivered to the vapour of burning All faces of the fuel of change, while also keep the structural intergrity of cooking furnace.

Cooking furnace can also include the heat shield for being configured to protect fan.Caused substantial amounts of heat in a combustion chamber Surrounding environment will be passed to.This heat may cause fan failure for example, by melting or burning the part of fan.Every Heat cover can be arranged for protecting fan from the influence of the heat of combustion chamber, particularly infra-red radiation heat.Therefore, it is heat-insulated Cover should stop the sight between any part of combustion chamber and any part of fan.Heat shield can be by any nonflammable energy Enough absorb radiations heat energy and by heat, especially by conduction, the material being dispersed into environment is made, such as stainless steel, mild steel, Titanium, copper or heat-stabilised poly compound such as carbonaceous fibrous matrix.Due to cost reason, particularly preferred material is aluminium, and it has resistance to oxidation Property and excellent heat dispersion.

Fan, heat shield and combustion chamber are preferably vertical component, and fan is located at bottom, and combustion chamber is located at top, heat shield Between fan and combustion chamber.Fan and heat shield are particularly advantageous relative to the specific arrangement of combustion chamber.Due to hot empty Gas rises, therefore it is beneficial that fan, which is placed in below combustion chamber to protected from the influence of advection heat,.Heat is also from burning Room radiates, and here it is why heat shield is positioned preferably between combustion chamber and fan.Fan is blowed on heat shield And it is highly beneficial, the recycles heat that this to conduct and radiate from heat shield is into the air blowed by cooking furnace.

Fan can be electrically driven (operated), such as by battery, rechargeable battery, capacitor storage device, suitable for receiving AC Or socket, thermoelectric generator, winding generator, solar generator or its combination of DC electric power.So mean that fan includes Convert electric energy to the motor of fan rotation.Electric energy can be provided by the above-mentioned device listed.In addition, rechargeable battery It can be charged by any other electric power source, including be connected to external AC or D/C power, thermoelectric generator, winding generator, too Positive energy generator or its combination.Pass through the regenerative resource by such as thermoelectric generator, winding generator or solar panel To power, fan can also store electric power in rechargeable battery, therefore stove becomes independent self-sustaining.It is that is, such Consumable part of the cooking furnace independent of such as non-rechargeable battery, and need not be close to main power socket.

Or fan can be Mechanical Driven, and this can be by wind spring, power storage device, such as revolves Turn flywheel or realize for being attached the device of outer drive shaft or tape drive mechanism.This means can be by will mechanically roll up The rotation that fan is mechanically converted into around the potential energy of spring or suspension weight carrys out driving fan.Energy conversion to fan can be led to Well known mode controls when crossing tabulation.Energy can be transferred to cooking furnace from external source, such as water wheels or suspension weight.It is right For the device for fan power supply for not needing electric power, in the area that electric power is not readily available, such as remote districts or the disaster relief Region, it is particularly useful.Equally, mechanical energy can be converted to electric energy to drive electric fan or be charged for rechargeable battery.

Cooking furnace can also include being used for the device for manipulating fan wind speed.This means cooking furnace has a scale Disk or other controls, user can change the speed of fan using it.For electric fan, this may pass through variable resistor Device is realized.For mechanical fans, this be probably be used for apply mechanical braking or it is continually changing driving (such as speed change drive It is dynamic) device.By this device, user can be conveniently adjusted the speed of fan to adapt to culinary art demand.It is surprising It is, in the case where the different wind speed of fan are set, there occurs completely burned, and it can be seen that different under these different wind speed Beneficial effect.For example, the free combustion under about 600 DEG C of flame temperature of the typical FAE solid burning blocks comprising methyl caprate. According to the use of the present invention there is the cooking furnace of faster fan arrangement can realize the combustion close to 1000 DEG C of flame temperature Burn, however, fuel slug can be consumed quickly.By using slower fan arrangement, flame temperature can be down to 800 DEG C, But, it is surprising that firing duration can be more double than the duration of free combustion.Which provides pass through the present invention Cooking furnace the instructions of how many additional energy can be obtained from FAE fuel slugs., it is surprising that even in very slow fan Under speed, cooking furnace of the invention still effectively works.Even if total burn rate slows down, the abundant burning of fuel is still It can occur, the result is that not producing smog and flame does not extinguish.It is thought that present invention produces this effect, its reason It is the reduction of the vaporization of the FAE fuel from fuel slug.Due to the reduction of the feedback of heat burnt from headroom and/ Or the increase of the steam pressure of the FAE fuel of the vaporization around fuel slug, it may occur however that the reduction of this vaporization.

Fan can directly or indirectly be driven by thermoelectric generator, and wherein thermoelectric generator has hot side and cold side, and And wherein hot side directly or indirectly contacts with combustion chamber heat.This utilizes the thermo-electric generation in stove so that cooking furnace this Embodiment is when in use completely from maintenance.Hot side may directly or indirectly thermally contact with heat shield.In addition, thermoelectric generator is cold Side can be by fan coolling.Which in turns increases the temperature difference of thermoelectric generator, so as to add the generation of electric power.

Thermoelectric generator can have the extra power outlet for the device power supply being suitable for outside cooking furnace.Supplied by stove The external device (ED) of electricity can be with for example, be the lamp or charging station for mobile phone or computer or camera etc..So, realize Heat caused by use to improve efficiency of combustion again in turn from circulation is maintained to fan power supply.

Can reversibly it be dismantled with fan combustion chamber.This means that the surface including the fuel exposed to burning (is fired Burn the base and wall of room) the part of cooking furnace can be separated with the remainder of cooking furnace.So, these surface energies It is enough that water or cleaning agent are not being introduced to the other parts of cooking furnace, the particularly feelings of fan or any part for driving fan Cleaned under condition.This also enables combustion chamber to be replaced by different combustion chambers, such as combustion chamber is adjusted effectively to fire Burn the fuel of different types.In different combustion chambers, many features, such as air inlet quantity, size, arrangement and height are all Can be optimised.

Any power supply of cooking furnace can also be reversibly attached.This make it that expendable parts (such as battery) can be by more Change.It also causes power supply to realize modularization, and for example, thermoelectric generator can be replaced by solar generator.

Cooking furnace can also include one or two handle, so, even if in the case of awfully hot when in use, stove It is easily mobile.Cooking furnace can also include the peripheral part without air exit, so as to stove handle or cooking container hand Influence of the handle from calory burning.

Cooking furnace can also be substantially as described in herein by reference to accompanying drawing 7.

According to second aspect, the invention provides a kind of side using cooking furnace heating cooking container as described above Method.It the described method comprises the following steps：Fuel is placed on the base of combustion chamber and lights fuel slug；Compeled using fan Bypass air through one or more of wall of combustion chamber air inlet；And cooking container is placed on cooking furnace.

As described above, when biomass burning, air inlet is comprised in the latter half of stove, and when burning solid fires When expecting block, airport is located above solid burning block.Generally, it means that they are apart from base at least 30mm, preferably distance Base at least 40mm, or only exist in top half.

This method can also include the speed of adjustment fan.

According to the third aspect, include cooking furnace as described above the invention provides one kind and one or more solids fire The external member of material.Preferably, one or more solid burning blocks include methyl, ethyl, propyl group or the butyl ester of C6-C14 carboxylic acids Or its combination, or hexamine.

FAE solid burning blocks generally include to be encapsulated in the methyl of C6-C14 carboxylic acids, ethyl, propyl group or butyl ester in solid emulsion Or its combination.Solid burning block comprising methyl caprate is preferable in the present invention.Including the capric acid first being encapsulated in resin The solid burning block of ester emulsion can be commercially available " the military cooking fuels of Zip (Zip Military Cooking Fuel) " (note Volume trade mark；RTM).These fuel slugs include about 20 weight % resin/water/emulsifying agent matrix and about 80 weight % capric acid first Ester.Fuel block size has a variety of 26 grams of blocks that can use, include long 42mm, wide 32mm, high 20mm, and long 60mm, wide 60mm, height 40mm 100 grams of blocks.

As described above, hexamine solid burning block is commercially well-known to those skilled in the art.They often supply army Team uses.Hexamine is the adopted name of hexa or methylamine, and it is the heterocyclic organic compounds with formula (CH2) 6N4. This is the main component of hexamine fuel sheet.The size of fuel sheet on the market is 45x45x12mm at present.Therefore, if desired, two Individual or more block can overlie one another.Traditionally, hexamine block is not suitable for indoor use, because they are in the stove of prior art Middle experience imperfect combustion.The shortcomings that well-known is also the offending smell of partial combustion products.As described above, by making With the stove according to the present invention, these problems can be mitigated.

Or the other fuel for being similar to FAE fuel slugs can be used.As already mentioned, FAE fuel slugs are packaged in High-energy liquid fuel in solid emulsion.Other high energy hydrocarbon, such as kerosene, gasoline, diesel oil and alcohol can also be used.

Accompanying drawing illustrates

Fig. 1 shows the perspective diagram of the portable cooking stove according to prior art.Cooking furnace 2 includes being used to pacify Upper part 4 in support base 6.Upper part 4 has the combustion chamber 8 being made up of six walls 10.Six walls 10 are by cloth It is set to so that they limit hexagon combustion chamber 8.In the figure it can be seen that the air exit 12 at the top of combustion chamber 8.Combustion chamber 8 Wall 10 there are multiple air inlets 14.Air inlet 14 is the hole in the wall 10 of combustion chamber 8.

Some pointed tooths 18 for being intended to support cooking container are also shown on the upper part.The top of stove passes through rivet 16 It is held in place.

Upper part 4 also has two handles 20.Handle 20 is located so that when cooking furnace 2 is used them Temperature will not be raised, therefore cooking furnace 2 can be moved in the case where being not to wait for its cooling.

Support base 6 has multiple air admission holes 22, to allow air into cooking furnace 2.The air (is not shown by fan Go out) suction, and combustion chamber 8 is then forced into by the air inlet 14 in the wall 10 of combustion chamber 8.The speed of fan can be by Control dial plate 24 controls.Base 6 also illustrates USB port 26 and the socket for attaching plug 28.Indicator lamp 30 causes Easily see when fan is switched in use.

Fig. 2 shows the insert 40 for the cooking furnace 2 that can be used in such as Fig. 1.Insert 40 is included by with solid The combustion chamber that the cylindrical wall 44 of base 42 limits.The wall 44 of combustion chamber has multiple air admission holes 46.Insert also has from circle The support plate 48 that cylindrical wall 44 extends.As can be seen that support plate has two parts, i.e. of a relatively high interior section and phase To relatively low exterior section.Air admission hole 46 is in the top of relatively low part, but the lower section in of a relatively high part. Insert can also have the pointed tooth 50 for being used for supporting cooking container.In order that with insert 40, it will be lowered to such as Fig. 1 In cooking furnace in, untill support plate 48 is shelved on the top surface of cooking furnace.It clearly show that in figure 3 This configuration.Fig. 2 insert can be used together with according to the collar of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows the schematic cross section of the cooking furnace 60 of the insert 40 with Fig. 2.The culinary art of prior art Stove 60 has air inlet 62, to allow air into cooking furnace, show that air passes through cooking furnace by virtual arrow 60 enter the passage of insert 40.Air is sucked in cooking furnace 60 by fan 64.Then air turns to around heat shield 66.It is heat-insulated Cover 66 protects fan 64 from the influence of heat caused by fuel combustion.Then, air enters former combustion chamber 68.Former combustion chamber 68 Limited by wall 70 and base 72.Air enters former combustion chamber 68 by multiple air admission holes 74.Insert 40 has been inserted into former combustion Burn in room 68 to limit new combustion chamber 52 in cooking furnace 60.Fuel 54 is placed in the combustion chamber 52 of insert.Insert Entering part 40 has the support plate 48 for being shelved on the top of cooking furnace 60.Support plate 48 forms substantially airtight with cooking furnace 60 Sealing so that forced air is directed into insert 40 by the air admission hole 46 of insert.Decline in addition, support plate 48 has Exterior section and elevated interior section.Air admission hole 46 is located at the top of the Outboard Sections of the decline of support plate 48.

As can be seen that insert 40 causes fuel slug to be fired under conditions of forced air is transported to above fuel slug Burn.If as can be seen that being not provided with insert 40, the fuel slug in crude fuel room 68 will burn, and air passes through former air inlet Hole 74 is delivered directly to fuel slug 54.

Insert 40 also has a pointed tooth 50, and cooking furnace 60 is shown with the cooking container that is supported on pointed tooth 50 76.In such cooking furnace, be vented not to be limited by the wall of combustion chamber 40.This is not inconsistent with the present invention.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 shows the collar 80 being used together with cooking furnace.The collar has opening 82.The collar 80 and opening 82 Be shaped as circle.The collar 80 includes relatively low exterior section 84 and of a relatively high interior section 86.This is in Figure 5 more It is clearly shown.Relatively low part 84 should be engaged in a manner of substantially airtight with cooking furnace.

Fig. 6 shows fuel delivery chute 90, and it includes the base 92 with raised exterior section 94.Raised outside portion 94 are divided to slope inwardly to guide the fuel conveyed along delivery chute 90.Fuel delivery chute 90, which also has, cuts out part 96, and it causes Air by and keep the exterior section of fuel delivery chute to cool down.Fuel delivery chute 90, which also has, cuts out part 98.The cut-out portion 98 are divided to be usually designed to match with the profile of the opening of combustion chamber.

Fig. 7 combinations Fig. 4 collar 80 and Fig. 6 fuel delivery chute 90 show the schematic diagram of Fig. 1 cooking furnace.The collar 80 have been placed in the top of air exit 12 of cooking furnace 2, and delivery chute 90 has been wedged in the two of the collar 80 and cooking furnace 2 Between individual pointed tooth 18.By the way that delivery chute 90 is wedged in place, the component of delivery chute 90, the collar 80 and cooking furnace 2 is tightly protected Hold together.As can be seen that in order to add more fuel to combustion chamber, fuel can be placed on fuel delivery chute 90 and to The opening 82 of the collar 80 is inside directed to, it will be fallen into combustion chamber 8 there.Compared with when without using the collar, when using the collar When 80, air exit is considerably restricted.

Example

The validity of the collar according to the present invention is studied by carrying out a series of experiments.

Example 1

In this example, forced-draft type stove as shown in Figure 1 has been used.5 liters of water are (different under the same conditions It is, with the collar and no collar) it is heated to seething with excitement from 20 DEG C.Especially, in experiment 1, stove is not as shown in figure 1, cover Ring.Timber is added to combustion chamber as fuel and lighted.Start fan to force the air into stove by air inlet.Exhaust Can from the wall of combustion chamber free to escape from.Experimental result is as shown in Figure 8.As can be seen that when the stove burn wood for using Fig. 1 When, stove, which takes about 19 minutes, makes five liters of water reach boiling.

As a comparison, in test 2, the top that the collar as shown in Figures 4 and 5 is placed on stove is vented out with limiting Mouthful.The collar has an individually opening, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, a diameter of 55mm.The hexagon wall of combustion chamber is a diameter of 100mm.Therefore, air exit is limited about 75% by the collar on area.From figure 8, it is seen that by simply plus set Ring simultaneously keeps every other condition identical, and the time that 5 liters of water are heated to boiling from 20 DEG C is reduced to about 14 minutes.This is one Individual very significant improvement.

Example 2

It is similar with example 1, the forced-draft type stove according to Fig. 1 has been used, but in order to be effectively burned methyl esters fuel Block, the insert according to Fig. 2 (and as shown in Figure 3) has been used in this example.Again, with including limitation according to the present invention The stove of the collar of air exit is compared, and the experiment (the difference is that being not provided with the collar in experiment 1, makes under the same conditions Free discharge must be vented) 5 liters of water are heated to seething with excitement from 20 DEG C.In example 1, the collar limits the area of air exit 75%.It can be seen in figure 9 that compared with 21 minutes of reference examples, by using the collar, the time for being heated to boiling is reduced to About 17 minutes.

Example 3

Example 3 tests whether the collar works in the case of no forced air.Especially, used and hung down including four The natural aspiration stove of straight sided, rather than use forced-draft type stove as shown in Figure 1.Used stove is shown altogether In androgynous design application 001419428-0001.Methyl esters fuel slug is placed in stove and lighted.5 liters of water reach from 20 DEG C Time to boiling measures in the case where stove is used alone in experiment 1, and in experiment 2 in stove plus covering Measured in the case of ring.The collar again circular in shape and by air exit be limited in about the 75% of former cross-sectional area to Only 25%.From fig. 10 it can be seen that the collar does not influence on boiling time.

Example 4

Similar to Example 3, methyl ester fuel slug burns in the natural aspiration stove of replacement, and natural aspiration stove includes Four sides of the Pyramid with top cut-out.Used stove is shown in community's design application number In 001419428-0002.Again, methyl esters fuel slug is ignited, and 5 liters of water reach the boiling time used in experiment 1 Measure in the case of stove is used alone, and measured in experiment 2 in the case where stove adds the collar.The collar Air exit is limited in the 75% to 25% or so of former cross-sectional area.

In the same manner as in Example 3, the collar does not have any difference.This shows to be directed to forced-draft type stove using the effect of the collar , it is not suitable for natural aspiration stove.

Claims

1. a kind of cooking furnace, including：

The combustion chamber limited by wall, wherein the wall is closed at one end by base, and opened at opposite end with the row of restriction Gas exports, wherein the combustion chamber has the one or more air inlets limited by the hole in the wall；With

Fan, it is configured to force the air into the combustion chamber by one or more of air inlets；

Characterized in that, the cooking furnace also includes the collar of the openend of the wall of the neighbouring combustion chamber to limit The air exit is made, wherein the collar has one or more openings, the opening is on area totally than the burning Want small 20-80% in the openend of the wall of room.

A kind of 2. cooking furnace according to claim 1, wherein the collar is reversibly attached on the cooking furnace.

3. a kind of cooking furnace according to claim 1 or 2, in addition to the fuel delivery chute being attached on the stove, So as to which the fuel being placed on the delivery chute is transported into the combustion chamber.

4. a kind of cooking furnace according to claim 3, in addition to cooking container support frame, it is preferable that wherein described to cook Container support frame of preparing food is configured to cooking container being kept as top 10mm higher than the combustion chamber between 20mm, preferably 12mm is between 18mm, more preferably 15mm.

5. a kind of cooking furnace according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, in the wall of the combustion chamber One or more of air inlets are apart from the base at least 35mm, it is therefore preferable to 40mm, it is preferable that wherein described air inlet is only In top half in the combustion chamber.

6. a kind of cooking furnace according to any one of the preceding claims, it is included in the latter half of the combustion chamber Air inlet.

A kind of 7. cooking furnace according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cooking furnace also includes being configured Into the heat shield for protecting the fan, it is preferable that wherein described fan, the heat shield and the combustion chamber are in vertical component In, the fan is located at bottom, and the combustion chamber is located at top, and the heat shield is located at the fan and the combustion chamber Between.

8. a kind of cooking furnace according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the fan by driven by power and It is electrically connected to battery, rechargeable battery, the socket suitable for receiving AC or DC electric power, thermoelectric generator, winding generator, solar energy Generator or its combination.

A kind of 9. cooking furnace according to any one of claim 1 to 8, wherein the fan is mechanically driven and machine It is connected to wind spring or the device for being attached outer drive shaft or leather belt driving mechanism tool.

10. a kind of cooking furnace according to any one of the preceding claims, in addition to for manipulating the speed of the fan The device of degree.

11. a kind of cooking furnace according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the fan is straight by thermoelectric generator Connect or drive indirectly, wherein the thermoelectric generator has hot side and cold side, and wherein described hot side is directly or indirectly Contacted with the combustion chamber heat, and preferably, the cold side of the thermoelectric generator is by the fan coolling.

A kind of 12. cooking furnace according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the combustion chamber can be from the fan Reversibly dismantle.

A kind of 13. cooking furnace according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the combustion chamber is included described in offer The insert of the wall of combustion chamber, it is preferable that the insert is reversibly attached on the cooking furnace.

A kind of 14. cooking furnace substantially as described in herein by reference to accompanying drawing 7.

15. a kind of method using cooking furnace heating cooking container, the cooking furnace includes：

The combustion chamber limited by wall, wherein the wall is closed at one end by base, and opened at opposite end with the row of restriction Gas exports, wherein the combustion chamber has the one or more air inlets limited by the hole in the wall；

Fan, it is configured to force the air into the combustion chamber by one or more of air inlets；With

The collar, the collar adjacent to the openend of the wall of the combustion chamber to limit the air exit, wherein institute State the collar have it is one or more be open, the opening on area totally than the combustion chamber the wall the openend Want small 20-80%；

It the described method comprises the following steps：

Fuel is placed on the pedestal of the combustion chamber and lights the fuel；

One or more of air inlets in the wall of the combustion chamber are forced air through using the fan；And Cooking container is placed on the cooking furnace.

16. a kind of method according to claim 25 using cooking furnace, methods described also includes adjusting the fan Speed.

A kind of 17. method using cooking furnace according to any one of claim 25 to 27, wherein the cooking furnace Tool also includes the feature any one of claim 1 to 23.

18. a kind of external member, including cooking furnace and one or more solid burning blocks, wherein the cooking furnace includes：

The collar, the collar adjacent to the openend of the wall of the combustion chamber to limit the air exit, wherein institute State the collar have it is one or more be open, the opening on area totally than the combustion chamber the wall the openend Want small 20-80%.

19. a kind of external member according to claim 18, in addition to fuel delivery chute.