CN1075278A - High frequency modulation multy-pulse YAG laser engraving design system and processing method - Google Patents
High frequency modulation multy-pulse YAG laser engraving design system and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1075278A CN1075278A CN 92113223 CN92113223A CN1075278A CN 1075278 A CN1075278 A CN 1075278A CN 92113223 CN92113223 CN 92113223 CN 92113223 A CN92113223 A CN 92113223A CN 1075278 A CN1075278 A CN 1075278A
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Abstract
YAG laser engraving of the present invention system has the YAG laser instrument of acousto-optic Q modulation, the light high frequency marshalling pulse of transferring Q of output under microcomputer control, laser line focus head focuses on surface of the work, focus head and workpiece move at the mutually perpendicular track in microcomputer control lower edge respectively, so that laser processes required figure on workpiece, adopt assist gas oblique angle side-blown and off-centre or inclination processing mode, in the texturing of cold roll and carving technique, have outstanding effect.
Description
The invention belongs to laser process equipment and processing method, particularly a kind of Apparatus and method for that utilizes pulse laser to process at material surface.
At present, the laser engraving technology is existing uses comparatively widely.So-called laser engraving promptly processes many micro-pits by laser pulse at material surface and forms pattern.The arrangement in little hole, trend and set by computer program in the distributed areas of material surface forms processing graphic pattern thus, is then determined by the requirement of pattern and the system of processing of use and specific technology and parameter as for the dell in little hole and pattern.Present ongoing laser engraving mainly comprises the engraving of plane and space pattern, the texturing of cold roll and decorative pattern engraving, and the laser means of employing mainly is CO2 laser and YAG laser.At present, abroad based on CO2 laser, the part of its key is a light source by multikilowatt basic mode CW CO 2 laser instruments mainly, continuous wave laser is through outer light path, the high speed machine chopper becomes pulse laser, the line focus head acts on material surface again, adds control system and some other auxiliary process, forms the processing to pattern.YAG laser is mainly used in the engraving of plane pattern at present, the laser instrument that adopts has the YAG laser instrument of pulse excitation, the YAG laser instrument that acousto-optic Q modulation is also arranged, its system and technology are varied, compare with CO2 laser, common YAG laser system does not have the vibration problem of mechanical chopper, and cost is low, but less than the CO2 laser system, and the texturing of cold roll and texturing need high process velocity and bigger pulse energy aspect process velocity (pulse frequency) or pulse energy.Therefore, YAG laser obtains aspect two to use at this at present as yet.In addition, present applied laser engraving system all is special equipment and the technology at a certain application facet, has versatility between them hardly.For this reason, the present invention proposes YAG laser engraving system shown in Figure 1 and corresponding a series of technical method thereof, be intended to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of present laser engraving system.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of laser engraving device and processing method, adopt acousto-optic Q modulation YAG laser instrument, and to laser pulse organize into groups, frequency conversion to be to process material surface.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of assist gas side-blown equipment that has, so that finished surface has the laser engraving device and the processing method of specific little hole pattern.
High frequency modulation multy-pulse YAG laser engraving design system of the present invention have as shown in Figure 1 send laser pulse with the essentially identical part laser instrument 1 of general laser surface texturing device, act on surface of the work through outside optical system and focus head 4, beam splitter 3 can allow laser fully by and with visible light all reflection enter CCD camera 6 through imaging system 5, just can observe the micro-image of processing stand by display 7.The figure function of processing is finished, by image acquisition device 13 input pictures 12, behind image processing system 14, signal sent into microcomputer 15, microcomputer both can design configuration also can receive outside tablet pattern and by plotter 16 and display 17 image be shown, picture signal exports driver element 18 to by microcomputer, the rotation of control servomotor 10,11.Focus head 4 moves under the driving of motor 10 along directions X by guide rail 8, and 9 of workpiece both can be that rotation coordinate (breaker roll processing) also can be the translation coordinate (plane is processed) of vertical X-axis along the Y direction Y-axis of moving under the driving of motor 11.
The invention is characterized in:
In the roughness of control cold roll laser texturing, the etching depth aspect of the degree of depth of micro-pit and boss height and solid figure, the present invention has adopted a kind of special pulse marshalling control technology.
The acousto-optic Q modulation YAG laser instrument pulse of sending generally, owing to be subjected to the restriction of modulator switch-off power, the pulse ceiling capacity of laser instrument output is very little, be generally less than 10mJ, though pulse frequency is very high, is not sufficient to carry out the deep processing of solid figure and makes roll reach high surface roughness.For this reason, the present invention introduces the pulse train shown in Fig. 3 (e).Pulse is by organizational systems control, and it is so short that pulse period t compares with the movement velocity of workpiece, so that when a set of pulses acted on the workpiece, these pulses acted on the same point basically, the cycle of pulse group is corresponding with the movement velocity of workpiece.The interior umber of pulse of pulse group can be regulated arbitrarily, umber of pulse is many more, the little hole of laser action on material is dark more, can reach the deep processing of solid figure and the high surface roughness processing of roller texturing, the variation of all these pulses all is achieved by the control module of guide sound optical modulator.
Aspect cold roll laser texturing, another special technique that the present invention adopts is the light Q-regulating technique to the YAG laser instrument.The laser roughening of cold roll need process sufficiently high boss and promptly have enough surface roughnesses around micro-pit, analysis before points out that the formation of little hole boss is the result that little hole melt substance is piled up.In other words, the effect of laser should make little hole have enough fusings just might form boss, one of characteristics of acousto-optic Q modulation YAG laser instrument are the pulse peak power height, pulse width, its peak power is considerably beyond making the threshold point of material fusing and narrow pulsewidth shows that the action time of laser is very short so that the time that material is fully melted, and consequently little hole mainly forms with vaporization and almost do not have boss to exist.To this, the present invention has adopted the laser technology of a kind of light accent Q, driving power by the control modulator is exported continuous laser and pulse laser simultaneously, the ratio of its segment pulse and continuous part can be by the driving power change of control modulator, because the non-Q that transfers completely, therefore, the pulsewidth broadening of pulse laser, this will increase the action time of laser to little hole, simultaneously, because pulse peak power descends, will help the formation of melting and reduce vaporization material, its result will help the formation of little hole boss.The continuous light part that laser instrument is exported can be implemented heat treatment in the breaker roll surface, to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the little hole of roller surface with exterior domain.
In contrast, need effectively remove material to the texturing processing of solid figure, guarantee that pattern has edge contour clearly, therefore, making the material vaporization is the key point of technology.The dark accent Q opposite with light accent Q can effectively address this problem.No matter be gently to transfer Q or the dark Q of accent, it transfers the control of Q degree to realize by the control module 2 of microcomputer 15 control modulators.
In the laser roughening application facet of cold roll, oblique angle side-blown and eccentric processing method that other two technology of the present invention are assist gas.With reference to figure 5, traditional laser processing is to adopt coaxial air blowing, its result is shown in Fig. 5 a, around micro-pit, produce an annular boss, oblique angle of the present invention side-blown method, shown in Fig. 5 b, changed traditional annular boss structure, when laser action during in the metal surface, the metal melting material flows along the air blowing direction, and the side in little hole forms convex closure, and the angle of air blowing and the kind of assist gas are all influential to the formation of convex closure, this convex closure that forms in micro-pit one side reaches high projection than traditional annular boss is easier, thereby obtains high surface roughness.
Figure 6 shows that the eccentric processing method.Eccentric processing is actually normal with processing stand and forms the processing that a certain angle promptly tilts with acting surface.Comparison diagram 6a and Fig. 6 b can find, under the certain condition of laser beam and air blowing angle, tilt to process the formation that more helps the one-sided convex closure in little hole than vertical processing, this is because metal melt under the acting in conjunction of laser plasma pressure and air pressure, is easier to flow out along low limit.
Below, the present invention is described in detail by embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention structural representation.
Fig. 3 is a laser pulse marshalling sequential chart of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is laser pulse marshalling circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an oblique angle side-blown gas processing method schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the eccentric and inclination processing method schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the two-way etching processing method of a roll of the present invention schematic diagram.
YAG laser engraving of the present invention system is identical with general laser process equipment, also comprises Laser Processing light-source system, machining tool, control and display system three parts, as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, the Laser Processing light-source system comprises: laser instrument 1, laser power supply and laser light path system, its light path consists of: laser beam behind speculum 31 by Optical Fiber Transmission to the beam splitter 3 that is installed in the focus head support 23, this beam splitter 3 reflects (or transmission) to focus head 4 with laser, focus on workpiece 28 surfaces then, optical system such as the micro-image line focus of processing stand 4 and beam splitter 3 is sent into picture receiver 6, delivers to monitor 7 again.
Characteristics of the present invention are to adopt light Q-regulating technique of laser and special laser pulse organizational systems output.In an embodiment, laser instrument 1 adopts acousto-optic Q modulation YAG laser instrument, as shown in Figure 1, this laser instrument links to each other with acousto-optic modulation controller 2, modulating frequency is 0.5-20KHz, and its modulation depth is adjustable, when carrying out the cold roll texturing process, can slightly transfer Q, promptly in the blanking time of laser pulse, make laser output intensity non-vanishing, just pulse laser and continuous laser are exported simultaneously, and both intensity can be regulated arbitrarily as required.
Pulse laser organizational systems output of the present invention, shown in (e) among Fig. 3, in laser pulse output time t1, by the pulse group that a plurality of pulses are formed, the pulse number of pulse group is adjustable.The basic composition of its modulation circuit as shown in Figure 4, sequential chart 3 is seen in outputs at different levels, the A among Fig. 4, B, C component are 555 chips, wherein A is a pulse generating circuit, B, C are frequency dividing circuit.Pulse generating circuit A produces the pulse train of frequency f, shown in the A3 of Fig. 3.Change R1 in the circuit, the variation that the size of C1 can the regulating impulse frequency f.F adjustable range of the present invention is 0.5-20KHz.Enter frequency dividing circuit B by the B2 end after the pulse train of A3 end output is by phase inverter, its output signal is by shown in the B3 of Fig. 3, changes R2 in the circuit and the size of C2, promptly changes the size of pulsewidth t1 shown in Figure 3.Divided pulse signal through the output of B3 end enters frequency dividing circuit C by the C2 end, and its output signal is by shown in the C3 of Fig. 3.The variation of pulse width t2 is by R3, and C3 determines.By the pulse of C3 end output behind phase inverter shown in the C3 of Fig. 3, with the pulse signal of A3 end output mutually " with " signal of back output is required grouping pulse signal, shown in the OUT of Fig. 3.Wherein R1, C1, R2, C2, the change of R3, C3 can be controlled 3 important parameters and change, i.e. pulse frequency f, the pulse number N(in each pulse group is determined by t1) and the pulse group between class frequency size (by the t1+t2 decision).Vcc is added supply voltage.Directly be connected into the higher-order of oscillation power supply of acousto-optic modulator through grouping pulse signal, thereby realize marshalling control laser pulse frequency with door D output.
Described control and display system, as shown in Figure 2, comprise microcomputer 15 and input and output device thereof, microcomputer 15 is connected to image processing apparatus 14, image acquisition device 13 reads in the figure 12 of desire processing, and it is delivered to image processing apparatus 14, after routine processes, by microcomputer 15 control command is delivered to the control device of laser instrument and lathe, make it by preset program work; Simultaneously, microcomputer 15 also can be delivered to output display 17 or plotter 16 and shown and draw figure.Each device of said system all places on the workbench 20; Be installed in picture receiver 6 on the focus head support 23 and receive the micro-image of the processing stand that line focuses 4 and beam splitter 3 and optical imaging device form, and it is delivered to monitor 7 show, so that process is monitored in real time.
Described laser process machine part as shown in Figure 2, comprises lathe power supply and drive control box 25, machine tooling platform 27, and along X, the orthogonal guide rail 21 of Y-axis and 22; Guide rail 22 is erected on the guide rail 21 by support 20, and can move as X axis along it, and focus head support 23 is arranged on the guide rail 22, but carrier band focus head 4 is made Y-axis to moving along it, and simultaneously, focus head 4 also can move up and down in Z-direction.The work piece holder (not shown) is housed on the workbench 27, flat work pieces 28 can be fixed on it, the driving mechanism of lathe makes guide rail 22, focus head support 23 make two dimensional motion under the order of microcomputer 15, thereby can cut out the pattern shown in the former figures 11 on flat work pieces 28.
Also can install beaming roller class work piece holder (not shown) on the described workbench 27, the beaming roller workpiece of clamping is around its axis rotation, simultaneously, focus head 4 is done motion in one dimension along guide rail 21 or 22 along axis of workpiece, and the two finishes the processing of X-Y scheme jointly under microcomputer control.
Also be equiped with auxiliary inflatable device 30 on the lathe, being provided with of its nozzle can be the same with conventional method, form coaxial air blowing (air-flow is coaxial with light beam), also can be designed as the present invention, be arranged on other the having angle of light beam side and form oblique angle side-blown gas with light beam, as shown in Figure 5, for the processing of roller class workpiece, can also regulate focus head 4 and depart from axis of workpiece, the normal that makes laser beam and processing stand place is at angle, form the eccentric processing mode, see Fig. 6 C.
In addition, when carrying out the laser roughening of roll, under the control of microcomputer 15, also can carry out in the two-way etching processing of two the rightabout helical trajectories in same roll workpiece upper edge, as shown in Figure 7, to solve the move axially problem of roll in rolling the plate process, make roll two supports mechanism stress balance, reduce the wearing and tearing of roll shaft two ends thrust bearing.
Have the laser engraving system of the present invention and the processing method thereof of said structure, demonstrated its outstanding effect in field of laser processing.The laser-textured steel sheet that adopts laser roller texturing technology to manufacture has been proved to be a kind of steel plate with high-quality surface performance, this steel plate has begun to be applied to the production of industry such as limousine abroad, greatly improved deep drawing quality, formability, coating tack and japanning brightness are considered as " mirror steel plate " abroad.The present invention obtains to use aspect cold roll laser texturing, adopting texturing cold roll that system and method for the present invention makes to rise band steel Co., Ltd Shoudu Iron and Steel Co strip mill and Qinhuangdao dragon has carried out test respectively and has produced rolling, no matter roll or steel plate, its quality have all reached or near the level of external laser roughening roll and steel plate.Its rolling life-span of roll of adopting texturing of the present invention is more than the twice of traditional roll apparently higher than smooth roll.Because adopt the roll of texturing of the present invention not find traditional skidding when rolling, adhesive tape and belt phenomenon can add heavy reduction, improve mill speed, this obviously helps improving rolling mill yield and utilization rate.Plate surface quality and conventional method after it is rolling relatively have clear improvement, and institute rolls the band steel and there is no sticking volume phenomenon through annealing heat treatment, and to the shaping of this textured steel sheet, japanning and mechanical test show, its performance has by a relatively large margin raising than conventional steel plates.
Aspect the engraving of riffled roll, the roll that adopts the present invention to make has begun successfully to be applied to the rolling of bimetallic plates, for the engraving of planar graph, adopts system and method for the present invention successfully to carve polylith pattern metallic plate.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of laser engraving system comprises laser system, machining tool, control and demonstration three parts; Described laser system comprises laser instrument and light path system and focus head; Machining tool partly comprises workbench, frame and driving mechanism thereof, and workpiece holder and auxiliary inflatable device are installed on the workbench, is installing laser system on the frame; The relative two dimensional motion of doing of drive mechanism focus head with workpiece; Control and display part comprise the control device of microcomputer, laser and lathe
It is characterized in that:
Described laser system comprises the YAG laser instrument 1 of acousto-optic Q modulation and coupled acousto-optic modulation controller 2, this acousto-optic modulation controller 2 is controlled the laser Q-switching frequency, is transferred the marshalling output of the Q degree of depth and pulse under the control of microcomputer 15, described pulse classification type is in the laser output time t1 in pulse period T, by the pulse group output of a plurality of pulse shapings; Laser beam is through beam splitter 3, and line focus 4 focuses on surface of the work again.
2, laser engraving as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that described display system also comprises: imaging device 5, and CCD camera 6, display 7, the image of processing stand is mapped to imaging device 5 through described focus head 4 and beam splitter 3,
Deliver to display 7 through camera 6, to monitor the processing situation at any time.
3, laser engraving as claimed in claim 2 system, it is characterized in that: described control and display part comprise microcomputer 15, in image processing apparatus 14 is arranged, be connected to image collector 13; The output of microcomputer 15 is connected to display 17 and plotter 16 to show the predetermined graphics processing of being gathered; Microcomputer 15 control lathe driving mechanism 18 is processed by predetermined pattern.
4, laser engraving as claimed in claim 3 system is characterized in that:
The frame of described lathe part comprises two orthogonal guide rails 21 and 22, guide rail 22 is installed on the guide rail 21 by support, and can move focus head support 23 along it and be arranged on the guide rail 22, but carrier band focus head 4 moves along guide rail 22, and moving by driving mechanism 18 of rail brackets 20 and focus head support 23 drives.
But platen 27 is provided with the jig of mounting plane workpiece or shaft-like workpiece, and driving mechanism can drive flat work pieces translation, inclination, or drives the rotation of beaming roller class workpiece.
5, laser engraving as claimed in claim 4 system is characterized in that described laser adopts fiber optic transmission.
6, as claim 1,5 described laser engraving systems, the nozzle that it is characterized in that auxiliary inflatable device be installed in the laser beam side other with its at angle, to carry out oblique angle side blown type processing.
7, a kind of laser engraving processing method focuses on the finished surface of workpiece with laser beam, makes focus point do two dimensional motion with respect to workpiece according to predetermined pattern, etches this predetermined pattern on workpiece, it is characterized in that:
The YAG laser instrument is carried out acousto-optic Q modulation, and modulating frequency is 0.5-20KHz;
Laser instrument is gently transferred Q, pulse laser and continuous laser are exported simultaneously;
Described laser pulse is exported with classification type, in the laser output time t1 in pulse period T, for the pulse group that a plurality of pulses are formed is exported;
With the laser ablation while, processing stand is blown with assist gas.
8, laser engraving processing method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described assist gas carries out oblique angle side-blown gas to processing stand from light beam is other at angle with light beam.
9, as claim 7,8 described laser engraving processing methods, it is characterized in that: during processing beaming roller class workpiece, the position that can regulate focus head 4 makes it depart from beaming roller class workpiece centre, to carry out centering type processing.
10, laser engraving processing method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that carrying out two-way etching processing at the opposite helical trajectory of two directions in same roll workpiece upper edge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92113223 CN1029513C (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1992-11-27 | High frequency modulation multy-pulse YAG laser engraving design system and processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92113223 CN1029513C (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1992-11-27 | High frequency modulation multy-pulse YAG laser engraving design system and processing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1075278A true CN1075278A (en) | 1993-08-18 |
| CN1029513C CN1029513C (en) | 1995-08-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92113223 Expired - Lifetime CN1029513C (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1992-11-27 | High frequency modulation multy-pulse YAG laser engraving design system and processing method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1328001C (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2007-07-25 | 日立Via机械株式会社 | Laser machining method |
| CN102114576A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-06 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Idler wheel processing method and laser processing system adopted by same |
| CN102527715A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-07-04 | 江苏鑫皇铝业发展有限公司 | Process for rolling production of decorative drawing aluminum strip by double rollers |
| CN103203544A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-07-17 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Columnar metal surface laser texturing method |
| CN103801838A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-21 | 华中科技大学 | Wire-width-variable laser galvanometer scanning quick etching method and device |
| CN106054815A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-26 | 福州大学 | Laser track control method based on LabView and MPC 28010 type motion control card |
| CN110102911A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2019-08-09 | 埃瓦格股份公司 | For the method and laser process equipment using laser process equipment workpieces processing |
-
1992
- 1992-11-27 CN CN 92113223 patent/CN1029513C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1328001C (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2007-07-25 | 日立Via机械株式会社 | Laser machining method |
| CN102114576A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-06 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Idler wheel processing method and laser processing system adopted by same |
| CN102527715A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-07-04 | 江苏鑫皇铝业发展有限公司 | Process for rolling production of decorative drawing aluminum strip by double rollers |
| CN110102911A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2019-08-09 | 埃瓦格股份公司 | For the method and laser process equipment using laser process equipment workpieces processing |
| CN110102911B (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2021-03-16 | 弗立兹·斯图特公司 | Method for machining a workpiece with a laser machining device and laser machining device |
| CN103203544A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-07-17 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Columnar metal surface laser texturing method |
| CN103801838A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-21 | 华中科技大学 | Wire-width-variable laser galvanometer scanning quick etching method and device |
| CN103801838B (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-01-20 | 华中科技大学 | The wide laser galvanometer scanning fast etching method of a kind of modified line |
| CN106054815A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-26 | 福州大学 | Laser track control method based on LabView and MPC 28010 type motion control card |
| CN106054815B (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-05-04 | 福州大学 | Laser trace control method based on LabVIEW Yu MPC2810 motion control cards |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1029513C (en) | 1995-08-16 |
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Expiration termination date: 20121127 Granted publication date: 19950816 |