CN107525461A - Tunnel deformation measurement apparatus and tunnel structure - Google Patents

Tunnel deformation measurement apparatus and tunnel structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107525461A
CN107525461A CN201710944545.1A CN201710944545A CN107525461A CN 107525461 A CN107525461 A CN 107525461A CN 201710944545 A CN201710944545 A CN 201710944545A CN 107525461 A CN107525461 A CN 107525461A
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China
Prior art keywords
jurisdiction
tunnel
circular arc
rotor
arc section
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CN201710944545.1A
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CN107525461B (en
Inventor
李忠
孙星
崔宏
伍炳昌
张曦
汪红星
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Lanzhou University of Technology
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Lanzhou University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
    • G01B7/22Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in capacitance
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of tunnel deformation measurement apparatus and tunnel structure, belong to tunnel deformation field of measuring technique, wherein, tunnel deformation measurement apparatus is used for the deflection for measuring tunnel pipe ring, tunnel pipe ring includes multiple circular arc sections of jurisdiction, connecting sewing being formed between two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction.Tunnel deformation measurement apparatus includes terminal device and the multiple angular transducers electrically connected with terminal device.An angular transducer is correspondingly arranged at one connecting sewing, it is electric signal that angular transducer, which is used to detect the angle change relatively rotated between two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction, terminal device is used to receive electric signal and be handled electric signal, to obtain the deformation quantity of tunnel pipe ring.This detection means can be rapidly and efficiently tunnel is detected, go in rugged environment.

Description

Tunnel deformation measurement apparatus and tunnel structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnel deformation field of measuring technique, in particular to a kind of tunnel deformation measurement apparatus and tunnel Road structure.
Background technology
With the development of urban economy, shield method progressively turns into one of principal modes in field such as traffic, blowdown, and this One proportion will be increasing.Within the design service life phase of shield tunnel, its health military service runs well to pass for city It is important, and the main mode for evaluating its health status is just field monitoring.
And the monitoring of existing shield tunnel is mostly traditional monitoring mode, i.e. man-hour manually hand-held traditional monitoring instrument is to live Deformation measurement is carried out, consumes substantial amounts of manpower, financial resources, and it is less efficient;Also, in fields such as blowdowns, traditional monitoring Mode is also difficult to carry out.
The content of the invention
It is less efficient with the metering system for improving traditional it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tunnel deformation measurement apparatus The problem of.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tunnel structure, to improve the problem of traditional metering system is less efficient.
What the present invention was realized in:
Based on above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention provides a kind of tunnel deformation measurement apparatus, for measuring the change of tunnel pipe ring Shape amount, tunnel pipe ring include multiple circular arc sections of jurisdiction, form connecting sewing between two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction, including terminal device and with Multiple angular transducers of terminal device electrical connection;
An angular transducer is correspondingly arranged at one connecting sewing, angular transducer is used to detect two adjacent arc tubes The angle change relatively rotated between piece is electric signal, and terminal device is used to receive electric signal and be handled electric signal, with Obtain the deformation quantity of tunnel pipe ring.
Further, terminal device includes data processing equipment and data acquisition device, all angular transducers with number Electrically connected according to harvester, data acquisition device electrically connects with data processing equipment, and data acquisition device is used to receive electric signal And angle signal is converted electrical signals to, data processing equipment is used for accepts angle signal, and angle signal is converted into displacement Signal.
Further, two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction are respectively the first circular arc section of jurisdiction and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction;
Angular transducer includes the first rotor and the second rotor, and the first rotor and the second rotor are rotatablely connected, First rotor is connected with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction, and the second rotor is connected with the second circular arc section of jurisdiction;
First rotor includes the first arc sections electrically connected with terminal device, and the second rotor includes and terminal device electricity Connection and the second arc sections for being coaxially disposed with the first arc sections, the first arc sections are located at the inner side of the second arc sections, first turn Kinetoplast and the second rotor, which relatively rotate, can change the first arc sections and the size of the second arc sections lap.
Further, angular transducer also includes rotating shaft;
First rotor also includes first connecting portion, and the first arc sections are fixed on first connecting portion, and the second rotor also wraps Second connecting portion is included, the second arc sections are fixed on second connecting portion, and first connecting portion and second connecting portion are sheathed on rotating shaft Outside.
Further, first connecting portion and second connecting portion are sector.
Further, the first arc sections and the second arc sections are semi-loop.
Further, angular transducer is slidably connected with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction, and angular transducer and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction are slided Dynamic connection, when the first circular arc section of jurisdiction and the relative rotation of the second circular arc section of jurisdiction, angular transducer can be with respect to the first circular arc section of jurisdiction Slided with the second circular arc section of jurisdiction.
Further, the first rotor is connected with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction by the first connection component, the first connection component bag Include the first outer tube and head rod, the first outer tube is fixedly connected with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction, head rod one end with first turn Kinetoplast is connected, and the other end of head rod is extended in the first outer tube, and head rod can be axially sliding with respect to the first outer tube It is dynamic;
Second rotor is connected with the second circular arc section of jurisdiction by the second connection component, and the second connection component includes the second outer tube With the second connecting rod, the second outer tube is fixedly connected with the second circular arc section of jurisdiction, and one end of the second connecting rod is connected with the second rotor, The other end of second connecting rod is extended in the second outer tube, and the second connecting rod can slide axially with respect to the second outer tube.
Further, the first circular arc section of jurisdiction has a first end face, and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction has a second end face, first end face with Connecting sewing is formed between second end face;
Head rod is with respect to the place direction that the first outer tube slides perpendicular to first end face, and the second connecting rod is with respect to second The place direction that outer tube slides is perpendicular to second end face.
Based on above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention provides a kind of tunnel structure, including multiple tunnel pipe rings and above-mentioned tunnel Deformation measuring device, tunnel deformation measurement apparatus is configured with least one tunnel pipe ring.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of tunnel deformation measurement apparatus, connecting sewing of the angular transducer between two circular arc sections of jurisdiction Afterwards, it is electric signal that angular transducer, which can detect the angle change relatively rotated between two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction, is set by terminal It is standby electric signal is handled after can obtain the deformation quantity of tunnel pipe ring, to reach the purpose to the detection of tunnel deformation amount.It is this Detection means can be rapidly and efficiently tunnel is detected, go in rugged environment.
The present invention provides a kind of tunnel structure, including above-mentioned tunnel deformation measurement apparatus, can carry out fixed point detection to tunnel, To determine the deformation in whole tunnel.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below by embodiment it is required use it is attached Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore be not construed as pair The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to this A little accompanying drawings obtain other related accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the instrumentation plan for the tunnel deformation measurement apparatus that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the angular transducer shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the first rotor shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the second rotor shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the angular transducer and the first circular arc section of jurisdiction and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction connection diagram shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is sample calculation figure of the tunnel deformation measurement apparatus to tunnel pipe ring of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 7 is sample calculation figure of the tunnel deformation measurement apparatus to circular arc section of jurisdiction of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 8 is the tunnel deformation measurement apparatus of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to the sample calculation before and after tunneltron annular strain Figure.
Icon:100- tunnel deformation detection means;10- tunnels pipe ring;11- circular arcs section of jurisdiction;12- connecting sewings;13- first justifies Arc section of jurisdiction;131- first end faces;The second circular arcs of 14- section of jurisdiction;141- second end faces;20- terminal devices;21- data acquisition devices; 22- data processing equipments;30- angular transducers;The rotors of 31- first;The arc sections of 311- first;312- first connecting portions;32- Second rotor;The arc sections of 321- second;322- second connecting portions;33- rotating shafts;The connection components of 40- first;The outer tubes of 41- first; 42- head rods;The connection components of 50- second;The outer tubes of 51- second;The connecting rods of 52- second.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.The present invention implementation being generally described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings The component of example can be configured to arrange and design with a variety of.
Therefore, below the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention to providing in the accompanying drawings be not intended to limit it is claimed The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of the present invention selected embodiment.It is common based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belong to the model that the present invention protects Enclose.
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase Mutually combination.
It should be noted that:Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following accompanying drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi It is defined, then it further need not be defined and explained in subsequent accompanying drawing in individual accompanying drawing.
, it is necessary to which explanation, indicating position or position relationship are based on shown in accompanying drawing in the description of the embodiment of the present invention Orientation or position relationship, or the invention product using when the orientation usually put or position relationship, or this area The orientation or position relationship that technical staff usually understands, or the invention product using when the orientation usually put or position close System, it is for only for ease of and describes the present invention and simplify description, rather than indicates or imply that signified device or element must have Specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " the One ", " second " is only used for distinguishing description, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " setting ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or integratedly be connected Connect;Can be directly connected to, can also be indirectly connected with by intermediary.For the ordinary skill in the art, may be used The concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention is understood with concrete condition.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of tunnel deformation detection means 100, and it is that the deflection of tunnel pipe ring 10 is carried out that it, which is acted on, Detection.In practice of construction, tunnel is in series by multiple tunnel pipe rings 10, and certain tunnel pipe ring 10 is also by multiple unit structures Into.
As shown in figure 1, tunnel pipe ring 10 includes multiple circular arc sections of jurisdiction 11, circular arc section of jurisdiction 11 is fan annular.All arc tubes The head and the tail of piece 11 once connect and compose a full circle.Certainly, during practice of construction, two circular arc sections of jurisdiction 11 need to leave necessarily Gap, the gap is the connecting sewing 12 between two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction 11, i.e., on whole tunnel pipe ring 10 will be formed Multiple connecting sewings 12.
Tunnel is possible to deform in service life, and tunnel deforms, and is deformed for tunnel pipe ring 10. In practice, it has been found that tunnel pipe ring 10 deforms, generation between being practically due to two adjacent pipe rings turns inventor relatively It is dynamic and caused by.Therefore the angular metric rotated between two adjacent pipe rings is changed into displacement that tunnel pipe ring 10 deforms just Intuitively quickly tunnel can be detected.
The tunnel deformation detection means 100 that the present embodiment provides includes terminal device 20 and multiple angular transducers 30, institute Angled sensor 30 electrically connects with terminal device 20.One angular transducer 30 is set at one connecting sewing 12, and angle passes It is electric signal that sensor 30, which is used to detect the angle change relatively rotated between two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction 11, and terminal device 20 is used In receiving electric signal and handled electric signal, to obtain the deformation quantity of tunnel pipe ring 10.
As shown in Fig. 2 angular transducer 30 includes the first rotor 31, the second rotor 32 and rotating shaft 33, first rotates Body 31 is rotatablely connected with the second rotor 32 by rotating shaft 33.
Wherein, as shown in figure 3, the first rotor 31 includes the first arc sections 311 and first connecting portion 312.First connection Portion 312 is isolation material.First connecting portion 312 is sector structure, and the central angle of first connecting portion 312 is 180 degree, and first connects The circumferential profile in portion 312 is made up of the first arc surface and the first plane.First arc sections 311 are metal material.First arc sections 311 be semi-loop, i.e., it is fan ring that central angle is 180 degree, external diameter and the first connecting portion 312 of the first arc sections 311 Diameter is consistent.First arc sections 311 are fixed on an end face of the axial direction of first connecting portion 312, the first arc sections 311 and first Connecting portion 312 is coaxially disposed, and the both ends of the first arc sections 311 are concordant with the first plane.
Wherein, as shown in figure 4, the second rotor 32 includes the second arc sections 321 and second connecting portion 322.Second connection Portion 322 is isolation material.Second connecting portion 322 is sector structure, and the central angle of second connecting portion 322 is 180 degree, and second connects The circumferential profile in portion 322 is made up of the second arc surface and the second plane.Second arc sections 321 are metal material.Second arc sections 321 be semi-loop, i.e., it is fan ring that central angle is 180 degree, external diameter and the second connecting portion 322 of the second arc sections 321 Diameter is consistent, and the internal diameter of the second arc sections 321 is more than the external diameter of the first arc sections 311.Second arc sections 321 are fixed on the second company On one end face of the axial direction of socket part 322, the second arc sections 321 are coaxially disposed with second connecting portion 322, the second arc sections 321 Both ends are concordant with the second plane.
As shown in Fig. 2 the first connecting portion 312 of the first rotor 31 is set in the outside of rotating shaft 33, the second rotor 32 Second connecting portion 322 be set in the outside of rotating shaft 33.After first rotor 31 is connected with the second rotor 32 by rotating shaft 33, First arc sections 311 of the first rotor 31 are coaxially disposed with the second arc sections 321 of the second rotor 32, the first arc sections 311 are located at the inner side of the second arc sections 321, are partly overlapped between the first arc sections 311 and the second arc sections 321.First rotates Body 31 relative to the second rotor 32 rotate when, the first arc sections 311 part overlapping with the second arc sections 321 will increase or subtract It is small.First arc sections 311 and the overlapping part of the second arc sections 321 form electric capacity, when the first arc sections 311 and the second arc sections When the size of 321 overlapping parts changes, the size of electric capacity will also change therewith.
In the present embodiment, for convenience of describing, two adjacent sections of jurisdiction are respectively defined as the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and second Circular arc section of jurisdiction 14.If making the first rotor 31 be connected with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13, the second rotor 32 and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 Connection, just can obtain according to the size of the first arc sections 311 part overlapping with the second arc sections 321 first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and The size of both relative rotation angles of second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14.
However, tunnel pipe ring 10, in deformation, the pivot center of the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 has can It will not can be overlapped with the axis of the rotating shaft 33 in angular transducer 30.When turn of the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 After shaft line and the axis of rotating shaft 33 shift, the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 are in relative rotational motion In, the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 will produce pulling force to angular transducer 30 so that the first rotor 31 With the second rotor 32 by opposite power, sensor is caused to be destroyed.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, angular transducer 30 is slidably connected with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14.
Specifically, as shown in figure 5, the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 has first end face 131, the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 has second End face 141, first end face 131 form connecting sewing 12 with second end face 141.Angular transducer 30 and first is set between circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 There is the first connection component 40.First connection component 40 includes the first outer tube 41 and head rod 42, the internal diameter of the first outer tube 41 Match with the diameter of head rod 42.First outer tube 41 is plugged in the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 from first end face 131, and is led to Crossing the mode of casting concrete makes the first outer tube 41 be fixed with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13, and the first outer tube 41 is perpendicular to first end face 131.One end of head rod 42 is plugged in the first outer tube 41, and the outer tube 41 of head rod 42 and first forms the company of slip Connect, the other end of head rod 42 and one end of the first arc sections 311 of the first rotor 31 are fixed, head rod 42 Axis intersects with the axis of the first arc sections 311.When head rod 42 slides with respect to the first outer tube 41, whole angular transducer 30 will move relative to the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13.The direction that relative first outer tube 41 of head rod 42 slides is perpendicular to first end face 131.The second connection component 50 is provided between the circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 of angular transducer 30 and second.Second connection component 50 is included outside second The connecting rod 52 of pipe 51 and second, the internal diameter of the second outer tube 51 and the diameter of the second connecting rod 52 match, and the second outer tube 51 is from Biend 141 is plugged in the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14, and makes the second outer tube 51 and the second circular arc by way of casting concrete Section of jurisdiction 14 is fixed, and the second outer tube 51 is perpendicular to second end face 141.One end of second connecting rod 52 is plugged in the second outer tube 51, Second connecting rod 52 and the second outer tube 51 are formed and are slidably connected, and the second of the other end of the second connecting rod 52 and the second rotor 32 The centre position of arc sections 321, the axis of the second connecting rod 52 intersect with the axis of the second arc sections 321.Second connecting rod is relative When second outer tube 51 slides, whole angular transducer 30 will move relative to the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14.Second connecting rod with respect to second outside The direction that pipe 51 slides is perpendicular to first end face 131.
When the axis that the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 relatively rotate and the rotating shaft in angular transducer 30 When 33 axis is misaligned, because angular transducer 30 had both been slidably connected with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13, angular transducer 30 again with Second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 is slidably connected, in the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and the rotation process of the second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14, the first circular arc section of jurisdiction 13 and second circular arc section of jurisdiction 14 will not to angular transducer 30 produce pulling force, both ensure that the standard of the measurement angle of angular transducer 30 True property, it is destroyed that angular transducer 30 is effectively prevent again.
In the present embodiment, terminal device 20 includes data acquisition device 21 and data processing equipment 22, data processing equipment 22 be computer.The first arc sections 311 and the second arc sections 321 in all angular transducers 30 are electric with data acquisition device 21 Connection, data acquisition device 21 electrically connect with data processing equipment 22.When tunnel pipe ring 10 deforms, two adjacent arc tubes Piece 11 will rotate, and the angle change that angular transducer 30 mutually rotates two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction 11 is electric signal, Data acquisition device 21 receives the electric signal that all angles sensor 30 transmits, and each electric signal is changed into angle signal, Data processing equipment 22 receives all angles signal, and all angles signal is changed into displacement signal.
The process that angle signal is changed into displacement signal is specific as follows:
As shown in fig. 6, the radius of tunnel pipe ring 10 is R, central angle corresponding to each section of jurisdiction is followed successively by β1、β2、β3...βn-1、 βn, the chord length corresponding to each section of jurisdiction is followed successively by L1、L2、L3...Ln-1、Ln, each angular transducer 30 surveys corner and is followed successively by d α1、d α2、dα3...dαn-1、dαn, n 8.
Using the tunnel center of circle as the origin of coordinates (0,0), straight down for x-axis, to be established directly for y-axis to the right with horizontal in diagram Angular coordinate system.
The position of each angular transducer is located on same circumference before deformation, and the coordinate of all angles sensor can represent respectively For:
Angular transducer 1:
Angular transducer 2:
Angular transducer 3:
...
Angular transducer n-2:
Angular transducer n-1:
Angular transducer n:
Deforming the circle analytic equation that preceding tunnel pipe ring 10 is formed is:x2+y2=R2
Initial horizontal width is 2R, and initial ceiling height is 2R;
After tunnel deformation, only there occurs displacement, the shape of circular arc section of jurisdiction 11 for circular arc section of jurisdiction 11 not to change, therefore deforms The axle radius of each circular arc section of jurisdiction 11 is still R in lining tunnel pipe ring 10 afterwards, and each joint coordinate can pass through geometry meter after deformation Obtain, be followed successively by:
Angular transducer 1:
Angular transducer 2:
Angular transducer 3:
...
Angular transducer (n-2):
Angular transducer (n-1):
Angular transducer n:
The closed curve that tunnel pipe ring 10 after deformation forms for the circular sliding slopes that multiple radiuses are R, joint location are circle Arc tie point, the analytic equation of each circular arc section of jurisdiction 11 can be determined by its two end connectors coordinate and radius R tried to achieve after deformation, its Process is as follows:
(1) analytic equation after the deformation of each ring axis of circular arc section of jurisdiction 11 is determined.G1 analytic equations are still x2+y2=R2(x1 (x2)≤x<R,yn≤y<y1);G2 analytic equation solution procedurees:As shown in fig. 7, C coordinate isOC The slope k of line is Center of circle O after deforming can be tried to achieve according to Fig. 71ForThe known center of circle, radius, try to achieve G2 after deformation Analytic equation is:
(x3≤x<x2,y2≤y<y3).G3, G4...Gn-2, Gn-1, Gn analytic equation can similarly be tried to achieve.Finally draw The analytic equation of tunnel pipe ring 10 is made up of n circular arc analytic equation segmentation after deformation.
(2) each position deformation anterior-posterior horizontal, vertical direction relative distance are determined.As shown in figure 8, the tunneltron that deformation is front and rear Ring 10 is closed curve, i.e., takes lower half branch in figure (vertical clear distance), right half part (net level length) to join as y, x respectively Examination point, for its analytic equation, (end points is removed) in x, y span, give x (y) value, can try to achieve two it is right with it The y (x values) answered, each position level before and after deforming is obtained respectively, (two y (x) values tried to achieve make the difference absolute vertical direction clear distance Value).Horizontal direction tries to achieve x before j points (relative to liner structure) deformationjCorresponding two y values yj、yk, then try to achieve j positions before deformation Putting clear distance is | yj-yk|, j points position clear distance is after deformation | yj1-yk1|, vertical direction i points can be similarly tried to achieve (relative to lining cutting knot Structure) deformation before i positions clear distance be | yi-ym|, i points position clear distance is after deformation | yi1-ym1|.Other each point deformation can similarly be tried to achieve Front and rear horizontal direction, vertical direction clear distance.
(3) made the difference respectively before and after horizontal, each point deformation of vertical direction, take horizontal direction of the maximum as the tunnel respectively Maximum amount of convergence and vertical direction largest settlement.J positions horizontal direction amount of convergence is | yj-yk|-|yj1-yk1|, i positions are vertical Direction deflection is | yi-ym|-|yi1-ym1|, it can similarly try to achieve the change of the horizontal direction, vertical direction before and after other each point deformation Shape amount;Then find out respectively maximum in both direction as the tunnel horizontal direction maximum amount of convergence and vertical direction most Big settling amount.
After the formula being related to during will be above-mentioned is deposited into data processing equipment 22, carried by data acquisition device 21 The angle signal of confession can finally give the horizontal direction maximum amount of convergence (displacement signal) and vertical direction maximum settlement in tunnel Measure (displacement signal), so as to realize the detection to tunnel.
The tunnel deformation detection means 100 that the present embodiment provides, efficiently can be detected to tunnel, be applicable to severe Environment in.
In the present embodiment, angular transducer 30 is capacitance type sensor.Angular transducer 30 is by the first rotor 31, second Rotor 32 and rotating shaft 33 are formed, after the first rotor 31 is connected with the second rotor 32 by rotating shaft 33, it is ensured that first turn The accuracy that the rotor 32 of kinetoplast 31 and second rotates, ensure measurement accuracy.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of tunnel structure, including the tunnel deformation in multiple tunnel pipe rings 10 and above-described embodiment Measurement apparatus, tunnel deformation measurement apparatus is configured with least one tunnel pipe ring 10.All tunnel pipe rings 10 are cascaded.
In the present embodiment, a tunnel deformation measurement apparatus is configured in every three tunnel pipe rings 10, to realize to enter tunnel Row summit is detected, to determine the deformation in whole tunnel.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are these are only, are not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art For member, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made, Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of tunnel deformation measurement apparatus, for measuring the deflection of tunnel pipe ring, the tunnel pipe ring includes multiple circular arcs Section of jurisdiction, form connecting sewing between two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction, it is characterised in that including terminal device and with terminal device electricity Multiple angular transducers of connection;
An angular transducer is correspondingly arranged at one connecting sewing, the angular transducer is used to detect two adjacent circles The angle change relatively rotated between arc section of jurisdiction is electric signal, and the terminal device is used to receiving the electric signal and by the electricity Signal is handled, to obtain the deformation quantity of tunnel pipe ring.
2. tunnel deformation measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the terminal device includes data processing Device and data acquisition device, all angular transducers electrically connect with the data acquisition device, the data acquisition Device electrically connects with the data processing equipment, and the data acquisition device is used to receive the electric signal and by the electric signal Angle signal is converted to, the data processing equipment is used to receive the angle signal, and the angle signal is converted into position Shifting signal.
3. tunnel deformation measurement apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that two adjacent circular arc sections of jurisdiction point Wei not the first circular arc section of jurisdiction and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction;
The angular transducer includes the first rotor and the second rotor, and first rotor turns with second rotor Dynamic connection, first rotor are connected with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction, second rotor and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction Connection;
First rotor includes the first arc sections electrically connected with the terminal device, and second rotor includes and institute Terminal device electrical connection and the second arc sections being coaxially disposed with first arc sections are stated, first arc sections are positioned at described The inner side of second arc sections, first rotor relatively rotates with second rotor can change first arc sections With the size of the second arc sections lap.
4. tunnel deformation measurement apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the angular transducer also includes turning Axle;
First rotor also includes first connecting portion, and first arc sections are fixed on the first connecting portion, and described Two rotors also include second connecting portion, and second arc sections are fixed on the second connecting portion, the first connecting portion and The second connecting portion is sheathed on the outside of the rotating shaft.
5. tunnel deformation measurement apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the first connecting portion and described second Connecting portion is sector.
6. tunnel deformation measurement apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that first arc sections and described second Arc sections are semi-loop.
7. tunnel deformation measurement apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the angular transducer and described first Circular arc section of jurisdiction is slidably connected, and the angular transducer is slidably connected with the second circular arc section of jurisdiction, when the first circular arc section of jurisdiction When being relatively rotated with the second circular arc section of jurisdiction, the angular transducer can be with respect to the first circular arc section of jurisdiction and the second circular arc section of jurisdiction Slide.
8. tunnel deformation measurement apparatus according to claim 7, it is characterised in that first rotor and described first Circular arc section of jurisdiction is connected by the first connection component, and first connection component includes the first outer tube and head rod, and described One outer tube is fixedly connected with the first circular arc section of jurisdiction, and described head rod one end is connected with first rotor, described The other end of head rod is extended in first outer tube, and the head rod being capable of relatively described first outer tube axial direction Slide;
Second rotor is connected with the second circular arc section of jurisdiction by the second connection component, and second connection component includes Second outer tube and the second connecting rod, second outer tube are fixedly connected with the second circular arc section of jurisdiction, second connecting rod One end is connected with second rotor, and the other end of second connecting rod is extended in second outer tube, and described second Connecting rod can relatively described second outer tube slide axially.
9. tunnel deformation measurement apparatus according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the first circular arc section of jurisdiction has first End face, the second circular arc section of jurisdiction have second end face, the connecting sewing are formed between the first end face and the second end face;
The place direction that relatively described first outer tube of the head rod slides connects perpendicular to the first end face, described second The place direction that relatively described second outer tube of extension bar slides is perpendicular to the second end face.
10. a kind of tunnel structure, it is characterised in that including the tunnel described in multiple tunnel pipe rings and claim any one of 1-9 Deformation measuring device, the tunnel deformation measurement apparatus is configured with least one tunnel pipe ring.
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