CN107523417A - The method for extracting microbial grease - Google Patents
The method for extracting microbial grease Download PDFInfo
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- CN107523417A CN107523417A CN201610446163.1A CN201610446163A CN107523417A CN 107523417 A CN107523417 A CN 107523417A CN 201610446163 A CN201610446163 A CN 201610446163A CN 107523417 A CN107523417 A CN 107523417A
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- grease
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- microbial grease
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/025—Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/04—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with acids
Abstract
The method for extracting microbial grease, comprises the following steps:(1)The obtained microbial fermentation solution for being rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid grease after being fermented;(2)Aforementioned micro organism zymotic fluid is cracked, obtains cell cleavage mixture;(3)The emulsified fat containing moisture is isolated from cell cleavage mixture using membrane filter system;(4)The emulsion destroyed using non-solvent class demulsifier between grease and water, and then obtain microbial grease.Without using solvent in extraction process of the present invention, the environmental pollution brought using solvent and solvent recovery is avoided, and reduce production cost;Further, solvent can bring the colloids such as the phosphatide in culture medium in grease into, and the colloid in grease is reduced without using solvent, improve the quality of grease, reduce the refining consumption in oil and fat refining process.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of to be extracted without using solvent from microorganism the present invention relates to a kind of method for extracting microbial grease
Method containing polyunsaturated fatty acid grease.
Background technology
Polyunsaturated fatty acid refers to that containing two or more double bonds and carbon chain lengths be the straight of 18 ~ 22 carbon atoms
Chain fatty acid, mainly including linoleic acid, gamma-Linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, clupanodonic acid and two
Dodecahexaene acid etc..Polyunsaturated fatty acid is played in its growth course and focused on as infant development essential nutrients
Act on, Typical Representative is arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid respectively.Belonging in infant period arachidonic acid must
Aliphatic acid is needed, development of the arachidonic shortage for human tissue organ, especially brain and nervous system development may
Produce serious harmful effect.Docosahexaenoic acid is commonly called as docosapentaenoic acid, is that nervous system cell growth and the one kind maintained are main
Composition, it is the important composition composition of brain and retina, content is up to 20% in human brain cortex, shared in retina
Ratio is maximum, accounts for 50%, therefore most important to infant's intelligence and visual acuity.Due to arachidonic acid in infants
Very low with the combined coefficient of docosahexaenoic acid, its synthetic quantity is insufficient for the demand of body development, so must be from food
Additionally supplemented in thing.
By fermenting, microorganism of the enrichment rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid grease is current polyunsaturated fatty acid grease
Main flow production method.The extracting mode of traditional microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid grease is by fermenting by microorganism fungus kind
To a large amount of microorganisms, pretreatment broken wall is then carried out, then is extracted by organic solvent, precipitation, obtains being rich in polyunsaturated fat
The microorganism crude oil of acid.The extracting mode needs to use a large amount of solvents, such as hexane, butane, easily causes environmental pollution, and molten
Agent recovery can increase production cost, and potential safety hazard be present.
Solvent-free extraction process is a kind of efficient, economic, free of contamination extracting mode, and it is using grease with hydrone in height
Aqueous phase and separation of oil are obtained grease by the polarity difference under temperature, the methods of passing through high speed centrifugation.Compared with traditional degumming tech,
Solvent-free extraction process has the advantages that energy consumption is low, pollution is small, is gradually paid attention in recent years by grease production enterprise.
Patent CN101463371A discloses a kind of Solventless Extraction Process, comprises the following steps:Cultivate in the medium
The microorganism, handles the microbial cell from the culture medium and does not have dried cellular and discharged intracellular lipid, will include
The formula of intracellular lipid is discharged and has carried out Gravity Separation to form the light phase and heavy phase containing lipid, made the light phase and heavy phase point
From processing light phase is changing the emulsion formed between lipid and water to destroy, and reclaims thick lipid, the processing for destroying emulsion is excellent
Select ethanol, acetone or their mixture.But the solvent-free extraction process that this invention is disclosed, it is still desirable to using a small amount of
Non-polar solven, still environment can be damaged and be polluted.On the other hand, gravity centrifugation apparatus such as inclines pen type centrifuge
Deng, can be highly exothermic when heavy phase and light phase is separated, the reaction temperature of separation process is also higher, easily causes more in grease
The oxidation of unrighted acid, and then influence oil quality.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of without using solvent with regard to the extraction microbial grease of high quality grease can be obtained
Method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of method for extracting microbial grease, comprises the following steps:(1)Obtain
The obtained microbial fermentation solution for being rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid grease after must fermenting;(2)Aforementioned micro organism zymotic fluid is cracked, is obtained
To cell cleavage mixture;(3)The emulsified fat containing moisture is isolated from cell cleavage mixture using membrane filter system;
(4)The emulsion destroyed using non-solvent class demulsifier between grease and water, and then obtain microbial grease.
The method of present invention extraction microbial grease has the advantages that:Without using solvent in extraction process, avoid
The environmental pollution that is brought using solvent and solvent recovery, and reduce production cost;Further, solvent can be by culture medium
In the colloid such as phosphatide bring into grease, the colloid in grease is reduced without using solvent, the quality of grease is improved, reduces
Refining consumption in oil and fat refining process.On the other hand, grease is separated using membrane filtration, avoids the oxidation of grease at high temperature, also carry
The quality of grease is risen.Further, using non-solvent class demulsifier, solvent and solvent recovery band are avoided during demulsification
The environmental pollution come.
Further, the step of such scheme(1)In, the oleaginous microorganism include yeast, schizochytrium limacinum, double whip first
Algae, microballoon algae, thraustochytriale or Mortierella alpina, it is shown that the application of technical solution of the present invention is than wide.
Further, the step of such scheme(2)In, mode includes mechanical shear used by cracking microbial fermentation solution
Cut, one or more combinations in chemical broken wall, enzymolysis broken wall.
Further, the step of such scheme(2)In, when digesting broken wall, the mass ratio of lipase and zymotic fluid is less than
0.1%, preferably between 0.05% to 0.10%.
Further, the step of such scheme(3)In, the membrane filter system used includes micro porous filtration, ultrafiltration, counter-infiltration
In one or more combinations.
Further, the step of such scheme(4)In, the non-solvent class demulsifier used is included in sodium chloride, citric acid
One kind or its combination.
Further, the step of such scheme(4)In, non-solvent class demulsifier accounts for the 3.0%-5.0% of missible oil weight.
Embodiment
With reference to instantiation, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Using dino flagellate as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operate successively:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution rich in docosahexaenoic acid;
(2) by above-mentioned zymotic fluid after centrifuge is handled, it is 22% concentrated broth to obtain solid content;
(3) take the 1000g concentrated broths to put into 3L glass reaction bottle, regulation pH value to 11.5, add 0.5g alkalescence
Protease, 40 DEG C of temperature control, 5h is digested, obtain the mixture after cell cracking;
(4) mixture after above-mentioned cell is cracked adds membrane filter system, circulating filtration, isolates the oil emulsion containing moisture
Fat;
(5) sodium chloride of 3.0% missible oil weight is added into the emulsified fat containing moisture, is settled after stirring and evenly mixing, takes supernatant
The microbial grease that 128.6g is rich in docosahexaenoic acid is obtained, after detection, docosahexaenoic acid content reaches 40.4%.
Embodiment 2
Using microballoon algae as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operate successively:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution rich in eicosapentaenoic acid;
(2) take the 35kg zymotic fluids to put into 70L glass reaction kettle, regulation pH value to 10.8, add 21g basic proteins
40 DEG C of enzyme, temperature control, colloid mill circulation shear reaction 3h, obtain the mixture after cell cracking.
(3) mixture after above-mentioned cell is cracked adds membrane filter system, circulating filtration, isolates the breast containing moisture
Carburetion fat;
(4) citric acid of 5.0% missible oil weight is added into the emulsified fat containing moisture, is settled after stirring and evenly mixing, takes supernatant
The microbial grease that 1788g is rich in eicosapentaenoic acid is obtained, after detection, Content of Eicosapentaenoic Acid reaches 42.6%.
Embodiment 3
Using yeast as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operate successively:
(1) fermentation obtains and is rich in linolenic microbial fermentation solution;
(2) by above-mentioned zymotic fluid after centrifugation, it is 24.7% concentrated broth to obtain solid content;
(3) take the 150kg concentrated broths to put into 300L reactors, 45 DEG C of stirrings of temperature control, colloid mill shearing 8h, obtain thin
Mixture after cellular lysate.
(4) mixture after above-mentioned cell is cracked adds membrane filter system, circulating filtration, isolates the breast containing moisture
Carburetion fat
(5) sodium chloride of 4.5% missible oil weight is added into the emulsified fat containing moisture, is settled after stirring and evenly mixing, takes supernatant
Obtain 7736g and be rich in linolenic microbial grease, after detection, linolenic acid content reaches 76.2%.
Embodiment 4
Using Thraustochytrium aureum as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operate successively:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution rich in docosahexaenoic acid;
(2) take the 250kg zymotic fluids to put into 500L reactor, regulation pH value to 11.1, add 250g alkali proteases,
45 DEG C, stirring reaction 5h of temperature control, obtain the mixture after cell cracking.
(3) mixture after above-mentioned cell is cracked adds membrane filter system, circulating filtration, isolates the breast containing moisture
Carburetion fat;
(4) citric acid of 3.5% missible oil weight is added into the emulsified fat containing moisture, settles, obtains after stirring and evenly mixing
11398g is rich in the microbial grease of docosahexaenoic acid, after detection, docosahexaenoic acid content 44.1%.
Embodiment 5
Using schizochytrium limacinum as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operate successively:
(1)Fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution rich in docosahexaenoic acid and clupanodonic acid;
(2)By above-mentioned zymotic fluid after centrifugal treating, it is 20.9% concentrated broth to obtain solid content;
(3)Take the 20000kg concentrated broths to put into 50000L reactors, add 600kg sodium hydroxide solutions(Concentration 30%)
The pH value of concentrated broth is adjusted to 12.0,80 DEG C, stirring reaction 9h of temperature control, obtains the mixture after cell cracking.
(4)Mixture after above-mentioned cell is cracked adds membrane filter system, circulating filtration, isolates the breast containing moisture
Carburetion fat;
(5)The citric acid of 5.0% missible oil weight is added into the emulsified fat containing moisture, is settled after stirring and evenly mixing, takes supernatant
Obtain microbial greases of the 2000kg rich in docosahexaenoic acid and clupanodonic acid, after detection, two dodecahexaenes
Acid content 43.5%, clupanodonic acid content 19.5%.
Embodiment 6
Using Mortierella alpina as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operate successively:
(1)Fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution rich in eicosatetraenoic acid;
(2)By above-mentioned zymotic fluid after centrifugal treating, it is 25.3% concentrated broth to obtain solid content;
(3)Take the 15000kg concentrated broths to put into 50000L reactors, regulation pH value to 10.3, add 7.5kg alkalescence
Protease, 45 DEG C of temperature control, it is aided with shear agitation reaction 3h, obtains the mixture after cell cracking.
(4)Mixture after above-mentioned cell is cracked adds membrane filter system, circulating filtration, isolates the breast containing moisture
Carburetion fat;
(5)The sodium chloride of 3.0% missible oil weight is added into the emulsified fat containing moisture, is settled after stirring and evenly mixing, takes supernatant
The microbial grease that 1236kg is rich in eicosatetraenoic acid is obtained, after detection, Eicosatetraenoic acid content 49.3%.
Embodiment 7
Using Blakeslea trispora as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operate successively:
(1)Fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution containing beta carotene;
(2)Take the 5000kg zymotic fluids to put into 50000L reactors, shear agitation reaction 6h, obtain mixed after cell cracking
Compound.
(3)By above-mentioned cell crack after mixture add membrane filter system, circulating filtration, isolate the β containing moisture-
Carrotene emulsified fat;
(4)The citric acid of 5.0% missible oil weight is added into the emulsified fat containing moisture, is settled after stirring and evenly mixing, takes supernatant
The microbial grease that 930kg is rich in beta carotene is obtained, after detection, content beta-carotene 2.5%.
In above example, the membrane filter system used is to utilize to do separating medium with film of the selection through ability,
Membranous wall gathers micropore, and cell pyrolysis liquid passes through membranous wall by the side of film, grease therein and partial moisture under a certain pressure
As permeate, and it is rejected by if bigger molecule such as cell fragment, so as to reach the purpose of separation grease.Filter process is
State cyclic process, macromolecular are obstructed by membranous wall, go out membrane module with recycle stream, and membrane module is not easy to be blocked, can be continuously long-term use of.
Filter process can be run under normal temperature, low pressure, and phase is unchanged, and energy consumption is less than centrifugation.Membrane filtration pattern includes micropore mistake
One or more of combinations in the modes such as filter, ultrafiltration, counter-infiltration.
In above example, membrane filter system can effectively work, still, for fat type and thalli morphology not
Together, often efficiency is too low for single membrane filtration pattern, and in actual production process, the modes such as micro porous filtration, ultrafiltration, counter-infiltration are entered
Row is collocated with each other combination, then production efficiency can be obviously improved.
In above example, during using enzymolysis broken wall, enzyme concentration is higher, and enzymolysis broken time is shorter, but cost is also higher.
Found after inventor's test of many times, the mass ratio of alkali protease and zymotic fluid is less than under conditions of 0.1%, particularly 0.05%
When between to 0.10%, and it is aided with shearing broken wall, production efficiency and production cost can be taken into account simultaneously.On the other hand, individually use and cut
Wall is cut through, does not add protease hydrolytic, can also crack cell, but the efficiency now produced is to be a greater impact.Further
, sodium hydroxide solution broken wall, which is used alone, can also crack cell, but time-consuming longer.Further, sodium hydroxide is being used
Solution is carried out in the embodiment of broken wall, and sodium hydroxide solution could alternatively be potassium hydroxide solution, dilute hydrochloric acid solution, phosphoric acid solution
Deng the broken wall treatment for carrying out chemical means.
In above example, sodium chloride and citric acid are as non-solvent class demulsifier, 3.0%- of the addition in missible oil weight
It is advisable between 5.0%, continues to add effect of settling lifting unobvious, and the corrosion to tank body equipment can be increased.
Claims (9)
1. extracting the method for microbial grease, comprise the following steps:
The obtained microbial fermentation solution for being rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid grease after being fermented;
Aforementioned micro organism zymotic fluid is cracked, obtains cell cleavage mixture;
The emulsified fat containing moisture is isolated from cell cleavage mixture using membrane filter system;
The emulsion destroyed using non-solvent class demulsifier between grease and water, and then obtain microbial grease.
2. the method for extraction microbial grease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described microbial grease includes
Leukotrienes, eicosapentaenoic acid, clupanodonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid and beta carotene.
3. the method for extraction microbial grease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(1)In, step(1)In,
The oleaginous microorganism is yeast, schizochytrium limacinum, dino flagellate, microballoon algae, thraustochytriale, Mortierella alpina or three spore Bradleys
It is mould.
4. the method for extraction microbial grease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(2)In, crack microorganism
Mode includes one or more combinations in mechanical shearing broken wall, chemical broken wall, enzymolysis broken wall used by zymotic fluid.
5. the method for extraction microbial grease according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Digest broken wall when, lipase with
The mass ratio of zymotic fluid is less than 0.1%, preferably between 0.05% to 0.10%.
6. the method for extraction microbial grease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(2)In, cracking micro- life
Before thing zymotic fluid, microbial fermentation solution is first subjected to concentration.
7. the method for extraction microbial grease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(3)In, the film mistake that uses
Filtering equipment includes one or more combinations in micro porous filtration, ultrafiltration, counter-infiltration.
8. the method for extraction microbial grease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(4)In, what is used is non-molten
Agent class demulsifier includes sodium chloride, one kind in citric acid or its combination.
9. the method for extraction microbial grease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(4)In, non-solvent class is broken
Emulsion accounts for the 3.0%-5.0% of missible oil weight.
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CN201610446163.1A CN107523417A (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | The method for extracting microbial grease |
PCT/CN2017/089219 WO2017219964A1 (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2017-06-20 | Method for extracting microbial grease |
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CN201610446163.1A CN107523417A (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | The method for extracting microbial grease |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108283221A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-07-17 | 广州市金妮宝食用油有限公司 | A kind of tea seed nourishing flavored oils and preparation method thereof rich in DHA |
CN108753810A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-06 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of purposes of transcript regutation protein gene ORF2 |
CN111690462A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-22 | 厦门汇盛生物有限公司 | Method for demulsifying and extracting oil from oil-containing algae or fungus cell wall-broken liquid |
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CN113684087B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2024-04-19 | 嘉必优生物技术(武汉)股份有限公司 | Solvent-free extraction method of microbial oil and obtained microbial oil |
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CN101463371A (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2009-06-24 | 马泰克生物科学公司 | Solventless extraction process |
CN103124791A (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2013-05-29 | 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 | Extraction of lipid from cells and products therefrom |
WO2015095688A1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-25 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Processes for obtaining microbial oil from microbial cells |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108283221A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-07-17 | 广州市金妮宝食用油有限公司 | A kind of tea seed nourishing flavored oils and preparation method thereof rich in DHA |
CN108753810A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-06 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of purposes of transcript regutation protein gene ORF2 |
CN108753810B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2021-06-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Application of transcriptional regulatory protein gene ORF2 |
CN111690462A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-22 | 厦门汇盛生物有限公司 | Method for demulsifying and extracting oil from oil-containing algae or fungus cell wall-broken liquid |
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