CN107522474A - Nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107522474A
CN107522474A CN201710731412.6A CN201710731412A CN107522474A CN 107522474 A CN107522474 A CN 107522474A CN 201710731412 A CN201710731412 A CN 201710731412A CN 107522474 A CN107522474 A CN 107522474A
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abrasive particle
alundum abrasive
weight
nanocrystalline
alundum
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CN107522474B (en
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庞京涛
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Shanghai Rong Rong New Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

A kind of metal removal nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle and preparation method, its raw material composition percentage by weight are：Boehmite (γ AlOOH) content is 91.5~97.0wt%；SiO20.1~0.5wt%；MnO、Fe2O3、MgO、Cr2O3In one or several kinds of combinations, content is 1.4~4.5wt%；Rare earth oxide Eu2O3, La2O3, Y2O3In one or more of combinations, content is 1.5~3.5wt%；Various raw materials are added according to raw material composition percentage by weight to be well mixed, according still further to 1:4 solid-to-liquid ratio addition 1~2mol/L nitric acid carries out dissolving and forms colloidal sol, then the seed content of solid-liquid gross weight 0.5% and the plasticizer of solid-liquid gross weight 0.3% are added, the standing that stirs is formed after gel and dried 6 hours in an oven, then product after regular shape will be molded is made by moulding process to carry out after just burning 68 hours for 800 DEG C in sintering furnace, Fast Sintering 3~8 minutes in 1300~1400 rotary furnace, ultimately form α Al2O3The microstructure of dense uniform.The present invention has very high density and hardness.Can solve the problem that conventional grains efficiency during metal removal it is low, easily burn the problems such as.

Description

Nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle, for metal removal field, more particularly to high accuracy Grinding nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Industrial abrasive portion of Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company in 1981 is proposed the Ceramic corundum abrasive that a kind of trade mark is " Cubitron ".Its Toughness is more than 2 times of common corundum.Grinding performance is better than most of conventional abrasive materials.The eighties mid-term, Norton's exploitation Going out a kind of SG (trade (brand) name) abrasive material, it is also a kind of Ceramic corundum abrasive, and performance is similar to Cubitron abrasive materials, in fact, this Two kinds of abrasive materials are all to use one kind to be commonly called as to manufacture for the chemical ceramics technique of sol-gel (Sol-gel, abbreviation SG) technique. Its technical process is：The water soluble colloid of boehmite (γ-AlOOH) is prepared, after gelation.Dry solidification, then particle is broken into, Finally sinter abrasive material into.
Further, since alundum abrasive grain is by the A1 of a large amount of submicron orders2O3Crystal sintering forms, in grinding It can constantly rupture and expose new cutting, therefore its self-sharpening is especially good.Its grinding performance is substantially better than common corundum, mainly Show as the advantages that wear-resisting, self-sharpening is good, material removal rate is high, grinding ratio is big.It is mainly used in the high efficient grinding of difficult-to-grind material.It is logical Cross in every abrasive particle that a kind of sol gel process makes to produce and contain thousands of individual microscopic grains.Every ceramic abrasive grain it is micro- Structure is seen, enables it to from sharp, constantly expose new, sharp cutting edge.Thus micron order alundum abrasive material it is very fine and close, It is coarse, firm, sharp.It is ground when produce a sharp cutting edge similar to tool clearance, therefore its cutting temperature compared with Low, it is damaged less than common aluminum oxide to the burn or metallographic of difficult-to-grind material, and can be kept for a long time at low load Sharp, total down-time is less, and the life-span is longer.Thus the abrasive band of the abrasive material and emery disc can be in difficult-to-grind materials, such as aviation and boat Quickly cut on its alloy and forged steel.This unique ability improves yield, reduces labour cost.
Because the crystallite dimension of above-mentioned abrasive material only arrives micron order, the self-sharpening of abrasive particle also has improved space, and gel There is more than 20% fine powder loss after drying in shattering process, dust pollution and waste can be caused.Therefore, prior art is present not Foot is, it is necessary to improve.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle and preparation method thereof, By the size reduction of crystal grain to nanoscale, improve the hardness and self-sharpening of abrasive material.And increase moulding process directly by gel into Type avoids the waste and pollution in shattering process to the shape needed.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle, its feature are that the percentage by weight of raw material composition is：
Boehmite (γ-AlOOH) 91.5~97.0wt% of content；
SiO20.1~0.5wt% of content；
MnO、Fe2O3、MgO、Cr2O3In one or several kinds of combinations, 1.4~4.5wt% of content；
Eu2O3, La2O3, Y2O3In one or more of combinations, 1.5~3.5wt% of content.
Preferably, MnO, Fe2O3、MgO、Cr2O3Percentage by weight be：MnO:Fe2O3:MgO:Cr2O3=1：1：1：2.
Preferably, Eu2O3, La2O3, Y2O3 percentage by weight is：Eu2O3:La2O3:Y2O3=1：2：1.
The preparation method of above-mentioned nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle, comprises the following steps：
1) select described raw material composition percentage by weight and weigh each raw material, be well mixed, according still further to 1:4 solid-to-liquid ratio Addition 1-2mol/L nitric acid carries out dissolving and forms colloidal sol, then adds 0.4~0.6% seed content of colloidal sol gross weight, adds The plasticizer of colloidal sol gross weight 0.3~0.5%, then stirs, and standing 30-40 minutes form gel；
2) described gel is dried into 6-8 hours in an oven；
3) dried gel is made to the alumina grain blank of regular shape by moulding process；
4) described alumina grain blank is burnt 6~8 hours in sintering furnace at the beginning of 650-800 DEG C, then 1300~ Fast Sintering 3~8 minutes in 1400 DEG C of rotary furnace, form alundum abrasive particle.
Described seed content refers to improve the α-Al for the 30-60 nanometers that gelation rate adds2O3, manufacture method is：Will 200 nanometers of α-Al2O3 wet ball grindings 72 hours, make its particle diameter reach 30~60 nanometers.Specific surface area is more than 160m2/g。
Described plasticizer is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (100000 viscosity), and sodium content is less than 0.1%.
Described moulding process includes：
The moulding process of strip alundum abrasive particle is that dried gel is put into the strip mould or three of circular cross-section In the strip mould of angular cross section, long strip type is squeezed into by squeezing flour stranding machine, is correspondingly made available cylindrical type alundum abrasive particle blank Or the alundum abrasive particle blank of triangular prism shape；
The moulding process of sheet alundum abrasive particle is that dried gel is put into triangle sheet die cavity or hexangle type In sheet die cavity, then triangle sheet alumina grain blank or hexagon sheet alumina grain blank be pressed into by press.
The physical property of the abrasive material is that density is more than 3.80g/mm3, hardness HV is more than 1800kg/mm2。
Abrasive particle α-Al after sintering2O3As principal crystalline phase；SiO2Content 0.1~0.5%, SiO2Addition mainly in height Warm lower and α-Al2O3Mullite phase is formed, increases the intensity at a high temperature of whole microstructure；MnO、Fe2O3、MgO、Cr2O3In The oxide such as one or several kinds of combinations, content 1.4-4.5wt%, MnO addition mainly and α-Al2O3Form solid solution Body, it is present on crystal boundary, suppresses α-Al2O3Crystal grain grow up.Rare earth oxide Eu2O3, La2O3, Y2O3In it is one or more of Combination, 1.5~3.5wt% of content, the addition of rare earth oxide is to be present in α-Al as bulky grain2O3Crystal boundary on, prevent crystalline substance The abnormal growth of grain and the extension for suppressing grain boundary defects, increase the toughness of product, and microcosmic crystal phase structure is as shown in Figure 1.After sintering The microstructure of abrasive particle be mixed for flaky crystalline grain and strip crystal grain, the size of crystal grain is 300~600 nanometers, nanoscale Crystal grain add hardness of grain, and crystal grain constantly comes off in grinding process, keeps the sharp of grinding cutting edge, and band The heat of grinding is walked, does not produce burn.The interval of flaky crystalline grain and strip crystal grain, which exists, provides extra toughness to abrasive material, makes It can bear bigger impact in grinding process, so as to be kept for the long grinding life-span.
The technique effect of the present invention is as follows：
The present invention solves the problem of conventional grains grinding efficiency is low, and abrasive particle is easy to aging.The present invention using alumina powder as Primary raw material, add MnO, Fe2O3、MgO、Cr2O3In one or several kinds of combinations, rare earth oxide Eu2O3, La2O3, Y2O3In one or more of combinations, pass through abrasive particle made of the method for sintering.The effect of the oxide of addition is to reduce oxidation The sintering temperature of aluminium, suppress growing up for crystal grain.α-Al are formed after sintering2O3The nanocrystalline structure of dense uniform.Product has very high Density and hardness.It is low to can solve the problem that conventional microcrystalline alundum abrasive particle cuts efficiency, the performance issue such as easy to aging and dust are dirty Other aspect problems such as dye and loss.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is abrasive particle crystal phase structure figure of the present invention；1, strip α-Al2O3Crystal grain, 2, sheet α-Al2O3Crystal grain
Fig. 2 is cylindrical type abrasive particle figure, and wherein a is schematic diagram, and b is pictorial diagram；
Fig. 3 is triangular prism-shaped abrasive particle figure, and wherein a is schematic diagram, and b is pictorial diagram；
Fig. 4 is triangular form abrasive particle figure, and wherein a is schematic diagram, and b is pictorial diagram；
Fig. 5 is hexangle type abrasive particle figure, and wherein a is schematic diagram, and b is pictorial diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
The physical characteristic of the formula test of embodiment 1 and product
Alundum abrasive particle, boehmite (γ-AlOOH) 91.5~97.0wt% of content；SiO20.1~0.5wt%； MnO、Fe2O3、MgO、Cr2O3In one or several kinds of combinations, 1.4~4.5wt% of content；Rare earth oxide Eu2O3, La2O3, Y2O3In one or more of combinations, 1.5~3.5wt% of content；Above-mentioned raw material is well mixed according to proportioning, then According to 1:4 solid-to-liquid ratio addition 2mol/L nitric acid carries out dissolving and forms colloidal sol, then adds solid-liquid gross weight 0.4~0.6% Seed content, the plasticizer of solid-liquid gross weight 0.3~0.5% is added, is then stirred, stood 30 minutes and form gel.
The shape of described alundum abrasive particle has strip and the class of sheet two, and wherein strip is cylindrical type (Fig. 2), triangular prism Type (Fig. 3) is molded into emery wheel after being mixed with vitrified bond, is mainly used in gear forming mill.The advantages of cylindrical type is intensity Height, big with the contact area of resinoid bond, adhesion is high, it is not easy to comes off.This province of triangular prism-shaped carries seamed edge.It had been ground Small with grinding workpiece contact area in journey, abrasive particle can peel off layer by layer, and self-sharpening is good, and grinding efficiency is high.
The abrasive particle of sheet mainly includes triangle sheet, and hexagon sheet, is mainly used in Metal Cutting and polishing neck The resin cutting slice and grinding disc in domain.Because abrasive particle is in itself than relatively thin, it is easy to make relatively thin cutting sheet/grinding disc.And three The seamed edge of angle-style abrasive particle or hexangle type abrasive particle, wedge angle can be obviously improved stock-removing efficiency.
It is the feature description of sheet abrasive particle below：
Described triangular form alundum abrasive particle, cross section is equilateral triangle, it is characterized in that thickness is the 1/10 of the length of side To 1/2.Described hexangle type alundum abrasive particle, cross section is hexagon, it is characterized in that thickness is 1/10 to the 1/2 of the length of side.
Specific experiment as shown in table 1 below is carried out according to above-mentioned formula：
Table 1
By boehmite, SiO2The oxide powders such as powder, MnO, Eu2O3Claim Deng RE oxide powder according to upper table formula Amount, is then mixed 30 minutes in high speed mixer again.The powder mixed is put into agitator tank, and nitre is added by upper table formula Acid, stirring 30 minutes is to becoming translucent liquid.Then seed content and plasticizer are put into, is stirred for 30 minutes.By what is be stirred Material pours into basin, stands 30 minutes and is frozen into g., jelly-like.It is then placed in baking oven to dry 6 hours at 120 DEG C, naturally cools to Room temperature.Dried material is put into crowded flour stranding machine or press, mould of different shapes is matched, squeezes out element of different shapes Base.Biscuit is stood 12 hours, subsequently into sintering furnace in 800 DEG C of sintering, 6 hours abrasive particles that can be needed.Use hardometer The density and hardness of abrasive particle after being sintered with densimeter measurement, as a result as shown above.
Abrasive particle gear grinding is tested：
The strip particle abrasive particle of making that embodiment 1 is formulated is fabricated to φ 350mm thickness 40mm emery wheels with vitrified bond, Carry out grinding test.Experimental condition：Grinding speed 40m/s, half refines.Result of the test is as shown in table 2 below：
Grinding efficiency of the invention is relatively good as can be seen from Table 1.
The Metal Cutting experiment of sheet abrasive particle：
The triangular form abrasive particle produced in embodiment 1 and hexagon abrasive particle are added into resinoid bond and fiberglass reinforced mesh sheet, The cutting sheet of 101.6 thickness of φ 1.0 is fabricated to, carries out cutting test.Cutting speed 80m/s, test material Φ 16#45 rod irons.
Table 3
The cutting efficiency of abrasive particle and life-span are relatively good in the present invention as can be seen from Table 3.
The metal polishing experiment of sheet abrasive particle：
The triangular form abrasive particle produced in embodiment 1 and hexagon abrasive particle are added into resinoid bond and fiberglass reinforced mesh sheet, The grinding disc of 115 thickness of φ 3.0 is fabricated to, enters row metal polishing experiment.Material #45 steel is tested, polish acc power 720W, rotating speed 11000RPM, material #45 steel of polishing, polishes 10 minutes time.
Table 4
The grinding efficiency of abrasive particle is relatively good in the present invention as can be seen from Table 4.
Embodiment 2 is formulated Boundary Test checking
By boehmite, SiO2The oxide powders such as powder, MnO, Eu2O3Deng RE oxide powder according to the formula title of table 5 Amount, is then mixed 30 minutes in high speed mixer again.The powder mixed is put into agitator tank, and added by upper table formula 1mol/L nitric acid, stirring 40 minutes is to becoming translucent liquid.Then seed content and plasticizer are put into, is stirred for 25 minutes.Will The material being stirred pours into basin, stands 40 minutes and is frozen into g., jelly-like.Baking oven is then placed in dry 8 hours at 120 DEG C, from So it is cooled to room temperature.Dried material is put into crowded flour stranding machine or press, mould of different shapes is matched, squeezes out difference The biscuit of shape.Biscuit is stood 10 hours, subsequently into sintering furnace in 650 DEG C of sintering, 8 hours abrasive particles that can be needed. Show that formula can also reach conjunction under boundary condition with the density and hardness experiments of abrasive particle after hardometer and densimeter measurement sintering The physical property of reason.
Table 5
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted, And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

  1. A kind of 1. nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle, it is characterised in that raw material composition percentage by weight be：
  2. 2. a kind of nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that MnO, Fe2O3、MgO、Cr2O3's Percentage by weight is：MnO:Fe2O3:MgO:Cr2O3=1：1：1：2.
  3. 3. a kind of nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle according to claim 1, its feature in, Eu2O3, La2O3, Y2O3 weight Percentage is：Eu2O3:La2O3:Y2O3=1：2：1.
  4. 4. the method for nanocrystalline alundum abrasive particle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that this method includes following step Suddenly：
    1) according to claim 1, select described raw material composition percentage by weight and weigh each raw material, be well mixed, according still further to 1:4 solid-to-liquid ratio adds 1~2mol/L nitric acid and carries out dissolving forms colloidal sol, then adds the 0.4~0.6% of colloidal sol gross weight Seed content and the plasticizer for adding colloidal sol gross weight 0.3~0.5%, and stir, stand 30~40 minutes and form gel；
    2) described gel is dried into 6-8 hours in an oven；
    3) dried gel is made to the alumina grain blank of regular shape by moulding process；
    4) described alumina grain blank is burnt 6~8 hours in sintering furnace at the beginning of 650-800 DEG C, then at 1300~1400 DEG C Rotary furnace in Fast Sintering 3~8 minutes, form alundum abrasive particle.
  5. 5. according to the preparation method described in claim 2, it is characterised in that described seed content refers to improve gelation rate 30~60 nanometers of the α-Al added2O3, manufacture method is：By 200 nanometers of α-Al2O3Wet ball grinding 72 hours, makes its particle diameter Reach 30~60 nanometers.Specific surface area is more than 160m2/g。
  6. 6. according to the preparation method described in claim 2, it is characterised in that described plasticizer is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Ether, 100000 viscosity, sodium content are less than 0.1%.
  7. 7. according to the preparation method described in claim 2, it is characterised in that described moulding process includes：
    The moulding process of strip alundum abrasive particle is that dried gel is put into the strip mould or triangle section of circular cross-section In the strip mould in face, long strip type is squeezed into by squeezing flour stranding machine, is correspondingly made available cylindrical type alundum abrasive particle blank or three Prism-shaped alundum abrasive particle blank；
    The moulding process of sheet alundum abrasive particle is that dried gel is put into triangle sheet die cavity or hexangle type sheet In die cavity, then triangle sheet alumina grain blank or hexagon sheet alundum abrasive particle blank be pressed into by press.
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Cited By (7)

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CN109956741A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-07-02 山东天汇研磨耐磨技术开发有限公司 A kind of micro-crystalline ceramic corundum abrasive and its manufacturing method
CN111136589A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-12 宁波大学 Abrasive grain boundary bonding and fixing grinding tool and preparation method thereof
CN113045296A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-06-29 福清蓝金新材料科技有限公司 Method for forming ceramic abrasive particles by imprinting method
CN113881348A (en) * 2021-11-04 2022-01-04 青岛福禄泰科表面材料科技有限公司 Composite alumina polishing solution and preparation method and application thereof
CN114316901A (en) * 2022-01-20 2022-04-12 苏州远东砂轮有限公司 Regular-shaped three-dimensional polymerized abrasive particles and preparation method and application thereof
FR3130270A1 (en) * 2021-12-15 2023-06-16 Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen Alumina based fused grain
CN116768608A (en) * 2023-07-13 2023-09-19 郑州蚂蚁特材有限公司 Semi-brittle corundum and preparation method thereof

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CN106242537A (en) * 2016-08-25 2016-12-21 上海雨荣新材料科技有限公司 A kind of heavy duty grinding wheel and metal removal alundum abrasive particle and production method

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CN1046926A (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-11-14 诺顿公司 The agglomerating sol gel alumina abrasive filaments
CN106242537A (en) * 2016-08-25 2016-12-21 上海雨荣新材料科技有限公司 A kind of heavy duty grinding wheel and metal removal alundum abrasive particle and production method

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109956741A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-07-02 山东天汇研磨耐磨技术开发有限公司 A kind of micro-crystalline ceramic corundum abrasive and its manufacturing method
CN109956741B (en) * 2019-03-11 2021-06-08 山东天汇研磨耐磨技术开发有限公司 Microcrystalline ceramic corundum abrasive and manufacturing method thereof
CN111136589A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-12 宁波大学 Abrasive grain boundary bonding and fixing grinding tool and preparation method thereof
CN113045296A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-06-29 福清蓝金新材料科技有限公司 Method for forming ceramic abrasive particles by imprinting method
CN113045296B (en) * 2021-03-26 2022-08-09 福清蓝金新材料科技有限公司 Method for forming ceramic abrasive particles by imprinting method
CN113881348A (en) * 2021-11-04 2022-01-04 青岛福禄泰科表面材料科技有限公司 Composite alumina polishing solution and preparation method and application thereof
FR3130270A1 (en) * 2021-12-15 2023-06-16 Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen Alumina based fused grain
WO2023111156A1 (en) * 2021-12-15 2023-06-22 Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D' Etudes Europeen Alumina-based fused grain
CN114316901A (en) * 2022-01-20 2022-04-12 苏州远东砂轮有限公司 Regular-shaped three-dimensional polymerized abrasive particles and preparation method and application thereof
CN116768608A (en) * 2023-07-13 2023-09-19 郑州蚂蚁特材有限公司 Semi-brittle corundum and preparation method thereof

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