CN107522350A - Waste Water Treatment and method of wastewater treatment - Google Patents
Waste Water Treatment and method of wastewater treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107522350A CN107522350A CN201610457392.3A CN201610457392A CN107522350A CN 107522350 A CN107522350 A CN 107522350A CN 201610457392 A CN201610457392 A CN 201610457392A CN 107522350 A CN107522350 A CN 107522350A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2846—Anaerobic digestion processes using upflow anaerobic sludge blanket [UASB] reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/02—Softening water by precipitation of the hardness
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/02—Softening water by precipitation of the hardness
- C02F5/06—Softening water by precipitation of the hardness using calcium compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses Waste Water Treatment and method of wastewater treatment.Waste Water Treatment includes：Pretreatment system, processing and precipitation process are adjusted to waste water, obtains pretreated waste water for it；First processing system, it carries out Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism to the pretreated waste water and retained, and the waste water after microorganism retains is softened and membrane filtration, obtains softening film filtration effluent；Second processing system, the free ammonia in the softening film filtration effluent is changed into ion ammonium with water outlet after convert, horizontal high voltage reverse-osmosis treated, feed separation processing and evaporative crystallization is entered to water outlet after the conversion and is handled by it.The Waste Water Treatment of the present invention, each processing unit more can thoroughly be removed for specific pollutants on techniqueflow, create favourable treatment conditions for subsequent cell again simultaneously, form the complete group technology of an innovation, therefore subsequent cell processing task is more and more simpler, intractability is more and more lower, and treatment effect is become better and better.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water treatment field, especially Waste Water Treatment and method of wastewater treatment.
Background technology
The world today, the problem of facing mankind water scarcity and water pollution getting worse.Therefore,
Water technology, especially wastewater processing technology, just becoming more and more important.
In current wastewater processing technology, the treatment technology of percolate is extremely important.Rubbish oozes
Filtrate exemplary process technology is " bioanalysis (anaerobism+aerobic)+embrane method (ultrafiltration+nanofiltration+counter-infiltration) ",
The pollutant that the technique can be directed in percolate is effectively removed, and has technology maturation and stream
The features such as journey is simple.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of existing method for treating garbage percolation liquid.As shown in figure 1, percolate is through pre-
UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor, Up-flow Anaerobic are initially entered after processing
Sludge Bed/Blanket) anaerobic system, the system is second generation anaerobic technology, organic matter be present and goes
Except efficiency low (80%), microorganism be easy to run off, debug start the cycle it is long the shortcomings of.Detest through UASB
After the processing of oxygen system, anaerobic effluent enters A/O (anoxic/aerobic, Anoxic/Oxic) system, i.e.
Two-stage A/O aerobic systems.In the course of the work, A/O systems need to carry out by a large amount of blast aerations
Nitrification processing, and produce a large amount of excess sludges.The aerobic technology of A/O systems is currently widely used for height
The processing of ammonia nitrogen waste water, and core processing unit.But there is removal efficiency shakiness in A/O systems
Fixed, high energy consumption, take up an area the shortcomings of big, operation maintenance complexity, at the same also to solve foul smell, noise and
The problems such as sludge.After the processing of A/O systems, outputted aerobic water enters external pipe type ultrafiltration system, mainly
For improving aerobic system sludge concentration, while as the pretreatment measure of advanced treatment system.It is external
Tubular type ultrafiltration system has the shortcomings that high energy consumption and is not easily cleaned after blocking.In external pipe type ultrafiltration system
After processing, ultra-filtration water enters advanced treatment system.That is, independent nanofiltration system or nanofiltration+counter-infiltration
Combined system.Wherein, nanofiltration system can produce 15% or so dope (or being concentrated water), should
Part dope is based on organic matter and divalence above salt ion, the side fouling of film dope and organic contamination risk
It is larger.Counter-infiltration system can produce 25% or so dope, and the part dope is based on monovalence salt ion.
Dope caused by nanofiltration system and counter-infiltration system needs to handle.Permeate caused by counter-infiltration system is returned
With or outer row.
It is but typical " bioanalysis (anaerobism+aerobic)+embrane method (ultrafiltration+nanofiltration+counter-infiltration) " at present
Leachate processing method still uses conventional art, efficiency in organics removal, ammonia nitrogen and hardness etc.
It is relatively low, and fluctuation of service.Specifically, the leachate processing method has following deficiency：
1. the Anaerobic Methods in Treating used for organic matter, microorganism are easy to run off causing anaerobism efficiency low,
Going out aqueous suspension height causes follow-up aerobic biochemical unit sludge concentration is high and sludge quantity is big etc.；
Targetedly processing is taken to arrange 2. not being directed to hardness higher in percolate in the prior art
Apply, cause in the use of the membranous system of external pipe type ultrafiltration system, nanofiltration system and counter-infiltration system,
Easily there is the situation of fouling and clogging and maintenance and repair complexity；
3. the aerobic MBR (membrane biological reactions of nitration denitrification used in A/O systems for ammonia nitrogen
Device, Membrane Bio-Reactor) treatment technology, the more difficult control of nitrifying process sludge activity, instead
Nitrifying process denitrification effect is poor, while big, energy consumption is big, environment is poor and a large amount of biochemical sludges in the presence of taking up an area
The deficiencies of need to disposing；
4. nanofiltration+reverse-osmosis treated the technology used for salinity, production Water Sproading rate is low, producing water water quality
Difference, concentrated water are difficult to handle and disposed.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
In order to solve above mentioned problem of the prior art, the invention provides Waste Water Treatment and waste water
Processing method.
(2) technical scheme
According to the first aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of Waste Water Treatment, including：
Pretreatment system, processing and precipitation process are adjusted to waste water, obtains pretreated waste water for it；
First processing system, it carries out Anaerobic Treatment to the pretreated waste water and microorganism retains, right
Waste water after microorganism retains is softened and membrane filtration, obtains softening film filtration effluent；
Second processing system, its by it is described softening film filtration effluent in free ammonia change into ion ammonium with
Water outlet after being converted, horizontal high voltage reverse-osmosis treated, feed separation processing are entered to water outlet after the conversion
With evaporative crystallization processing.
Preferably, first processing system includes：
Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention subsystem, it includes anaerobic device and microorganism retention subsystem,
The anaerobic device carries out Anaerobic Treatment to obtain anaerobic effluent, micro- life to the pretreated waste water
Thing retains subsystem and carries out film retention to the microorganism in the anaerobic effluent, while the anaerobism is gone out
Suspension in water is filtered, and obtains clarification and effluent；
Softening and membrane filtration subsystem, it includes softening subsystem and membrane filtration subsystem, described soft
Alkaline matter is added in sub-systems to the clarification and effluent, forms flocculation tiny particles content, the film
Filter subsystem is filtered the flocculation tiny particles content, obtains the softening film filtration effluent.
Preferably, the second processing system includes：
Free ammonia adjusts subsystem, and it is carried out by dissociating to the free ammonia in the softening film filtration effluent
Ammonia adjusts subsystem water outlet to the conversion of ion ammonium to obtain free ammonia；
High pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem, it enters horizontal high voltage reverse osmosis to free ammonia regulation subsystem water outlet
Processing thoroughly, and obtain high pressure reverse osmosis membrane permeate and high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water；
Feed separation mold system, it carries out feed separation processing to the high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water, carried
Feed separation film permeate is obtained after taking organic matter；
Evaporative crystallization subsystem, it is evaporated crystallization to the feed separation film permeate, steamed
Vapour and crystalline salt by evaporation.
Preferably, the Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention subsystem also include：
Microorganism backflow subsystem, microorganism under it retains microorganism retention subsystem are flowed back
To the water inlet of the anaerobic device.
Preferably, the alkaline matter includes calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.
Preferably, the free ammonia regulation subsystem is adjusted using acid adding, free ammonia is changed into ion
Ammonium.
Preferably, the high pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem is two-stage high pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem, described
High pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem allowable stress is more than or equal to 6.0Mpa.
Preferably, the feed separation mold system is to carry out organic matter to the high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water
Extract the material membranous system of separation.
Preferably, steam caused by the evaporative crystallization subsystem is used for from the pretreatment system
Pretreated waste water into first processing system is heated.
According to the second aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of method of wastewater treatment, including：
Pre-treatment step, processing and precipitation process are adjusted to waste water, obtains pretreated waste water for it；
First processing step, it carries out Anaerobic Treatment to the pretreated waste water and microorganism retains, right
Waste water after microorganism retains is softened and membrane filtration, obtains softening film filtration effluent；
Second processing step, its by it is described softening film filtration effluent in free ammonia change into ion ammonium with
Water outlet after being converted, horizontal high voltage reverse-osmosis treated, feed separation processing are entered to water outlet after the conversion
With evaporative crystallization processing.
(3) beneficial effect
1. using anaerobism+film retention (ultrafiltration or micro-filtration) technology, Anaerobic Treatment efficiency and operation are improved
Stability, and effectively solve the problems, such as that mud is run in existing anaerobic technique water outlet and anaerobism efficiency is low, while profit
With the filtration of film, aqueous suspension is reduced out, reduce influences on subsequent treatment process；
2. softening+membrane filtration (the ultrafiltration or micro-filtration) technology of use, hardness is removed more than 98%, solution
Certainly aftertreatment systems fouling and clogging problem；
3. by the use of " anaerobism+film retain " and " softening+membrane filtration " technology, first
Organic matter, basicity and the hardness of the overwhelming majority are eliminated, the use of NF membrane is avoided, in reducing
Between link concentrated water generation；Secondly, the removal of hardness and basicity avoids counter-infiltration and evaporative crystallization skill
The generation of fouling and clogging during art use, and counter-infiltration system production Water Sproading rate is improved, drop
Low evaporation scale, saves operation energy consumption；
4. using free ammonia conversion+high pressure counter-infiltration+feed separation film (separation organic matter)+evaporation group
Crystallization technique is closed, first, free ammonia in water outlet will be softened using strong acid and be converted into ion ammonium, avoided
The use of nitration denitrification MBR technology, energy consumption is reduced, occupation of land is saved, improves operation ring
Border and a large amount of biochemical sludges need not be disposed；Secondly, production Water Sproading can be greatly improved using high pressure counter-infiltration
Rate, while wider runner is more suitable for the characteristics of influent quality organic concentration is high；Further, using material
Seperation film organics removal can be formed directly in evaporative crystallization；Vapo(u)rization system is finally used, makes production Water Sproading
Rate avoids concentrated water from disposing and the problem of processing close to 100%.
The accessory substance of the technology of the present invention is the organic matter formed after salt slurry, material UF membrane after softening and steaming
Crystal salt is sent out, wherein salt slurry can be used for brickmaking etc., and organic matter can be used for producing organic fertilizer, and ammonium salt can use
In production sludge ammonium fertilizer, crystal salt can be used for industrial chemicals.Therefore the protrusion benefit one side of the present invention
It is to realize changing waste into resources to greatest extent；On the other hand it is combined using targetedly technique,
Formed the new Waste Water Treatment that is totally different from conventional waste water disposal system and method for wastewater treatment and
Method of wastewater treatment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of existing method for treating garbage percolation liquid.
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram according to the Waste Water Treatment of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention in the Waste Water Treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic block diagram of one example of subsystem.
Fig. 4 is softening and membrane filtration subsystem in the Waste Water Treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic block diagram of one example.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart according to the method for wastewater treatment of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is according to the techniqueflow of the method for wastewater treatment of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and entered
Go out material figure.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific reality
Example is applied, and referring to the drawings, the present invention is described in more detail.
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram according to the Waste Water Treatment of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of Waste Water Treatment 200 according to embodiments of the present invention includes pretreatment
System 210, the first processing system 220, second processing system 230.
Pretreatment system 210 waste water is adjusted processing and precipitation process, obtains pretreated waste water.
First processing system 220, it carries out Anaerobic Treatment to pretreated waste water and microorganism retains, right
Waste water after microorganism retains is softened and membrane filtration, obtains softening film filtration effluent.
The free ammonia softened in film filtration effluent is changed into ion ammonium to obtain by second processing system 230
Water outlet after conversion, horizontal high voltage reverse-osmosis treated, feed separation processing are entered to water outlet after the conversion and is steamed
Send out crystallization treatment.
In the Waste Water Treatment 200 shown in Fig. 2, it is preferable that the first processing system 220 includes
Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention subsystem 221, softening and membrane filtration subsystem 222.
In a preferred embodiment, Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention subsystem 221 fill including anaerobism
Put and retain subsystem with microorganism, anaerobic device carries out Anaerobic Treatment to obtain anaerobism to pretreated waste water
Water outlet, the microorganism retention subsystem carry out film retention to the microorganism in the anaerobic effluent, together
When the suspension in the anaerobic effluent is filtered, obtain clarification and effluent.It should be noted that
Microorganism in anaerobic effluent also can be used for carrying out Anaerobic Treatment, but microorganism is easy again
It is lost in anaerobic effluent, therefore, Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention subsystem pair in the embodiment
Microorganism in anaerobic effluent is retained to be reused, and can so improve Anaerobic Treatment
Efficiency.
Softening and membrane filtration subsystem 222 include softening subsystem and membrane filtration subsystem, described soft
The clarification and effluent discharged in sub-systems to the Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention subsystem 221 adds
Alkaline matter, flocculation tiny particles content is formed, the membrane filtration subsystem is by the flocculation fine particle
Thing retains, and obtains softening film filtration effluent.It should be noted that in the present embodiment, by clarification
Water outlet adds alkaline matter can and quickly forms flocculation tiny particles content, without stirring and long-time etc.
Treat, save process and time.
In the Waste Water Treatment 200 shown in Fig. 2, it is preferable that second processing system 230 includes
Free ammonia regulation subsystem 231, high pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem 232, feed separation mold system 233,
Evaporative crystallization subsystem 234.
In a preferred embodiment, free ammonia regulating system 231 is to the trip in softening film filtration effluent
The conversion by free ammonia to ion ammonium is carried out from ammonia, to obtain free ammonia regulation subsystem water outlet.
In a preferred embodiment, high pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem 232 adjusts subsystem to free ammonia
Horizontal high voltage reverse-osmosis treated is entered in water outlet, and obtains high pressure reverse osmosis membrane permeate and high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water.
In a preferred embodiment, feed separation mold system 233 is carried out to high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water
Feed separation processing, feed separation film permeate is obtained after extracting organic matter.For example, feed separation film
Subsystem 233 is the material membranous system that organic matter extraction separation is carried out to high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water.
In a preferred embodiment, evaporative crystallization subsystem 234 is carried out to feed separation film permeate
Evaporative crystallization, obtain steam and crystalline salt by evaporation.
Fig. 3 is Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention in the Waste Water Treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic block diagram of one example of subsystem.
As shown in figure 3, Anaerobic Treatment and micro- life in Waste Water Treatment according to embodiments of the present invention
Thing retains subsystem 221 except including the anaerobic reactor as anaerobic device and microorganism retention subsystem
System, in addition to microorganism backflow subsystem.Microorganism backflow subsystem cuts microorganism retention subsystem
The microorganism left is back to the water inlet of anaerobic device.In the present invention, microorganism retention subsystem is adopted
With microfiltration membranes subsystem, milipore filter subsystem can also be used.As shown in figure 3, Anaerobic Treatment and micro-
Biology retention subsystem 221 can also include pump conveying device and clarification and effluent is pumped into softening and film mistake
Filter system 222.Remaining sludge can be back to anaerobic reactor at pump conveying device.
In the Anaerobic Treatment shown in Fig. 3 and microorganism retention subsystem, the waste water of pretreatment is input to
Anaerobic reactor, anaerobic reactor water outlet retain the microorganism being lost in through film.Microorganism after retention is led to
Cross blowback and flow to anaerobism water inlet, to keep concentration of anaerobic microorganisms, improve anaerobism efficiency.The present invention adopts
Microorganism is retained with film, sludge concentration can be improved to 40g/l by the 30g/l of prior art
More than, volumetric loading by prior art 3kgCODCr/(m3D) improve to 6kgCODCr/(m3·d)
More than, organic removal rate is improved to more than 90% by the 80% of prior art.Use membrane filtration simultaneously
Technology, it can will go out aqueous suspension and below 5mg/l is reduced to by more than the 5000mg/l of prior art.
Fig. 4 is softening and membrane filtration subsystem in the Waste Water Treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic block diagram of one example.
In softening and membrane filtration subsystem 222 in Waste Water Treatment according to embodiments of the present invention,
Alkaline matter medicament shape is added by the clarification and effluent that subsystem 221 is retained to Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism
Into silicate, Mg (OH)2And CaCO3Precipitation, and retained again by membrane filtration technique
And filtering.Preferably, alkaline matter includes calcium hydroxide Ca (OH)2With sodium hydroxide NaOH.This
Art personnel are appreciated that calcium hydroxide Ca (OH)2With other beyond sodium hydroxide NaOH
Alkaline matter can also be used for shown softening and membrane filtration subsystem.
In the softening shown in Fig. 4 and membrane filtration subsystem, clarification and effluent is transported in softening subsystem,
Soften and put into lime (calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) in subsystem into waste water2) carry out coarse adjustment, input fire
Alkali (sodium hydroxide NaOH) is finely adjusted.That is, substep feeding lime (calcium hydroxide is first passed through
Ca(OH)2) main hardness is removed, finally prevent that Lime-Injecting is excessive and takes and adds caustic soda (hydrogen-oxygen
Change sodium NaOH) mode finely tune acid-base value and formed and more thoroughly flocculate tiny particles content.Will softening
Waste water afterwards is transported in membrane filtration subsystem.The flocculation tiny particles content formed after softening passes through film mistake
Filter, the salt slurry being retained down enter sludge dewatering subsystem.
As shown in figure 4, softening and membrane filtration in Waste Water Treatment according to embodiments of the present invention
System 222 except including softening subsystem and membrane filtration subsystem, in addition to sludge dewatering subsystem,
Salt slurry for being retained to membrane filtration subsystem is dehydrated, and the mud cake after dehydration delivers to incineration plant (can
Brickmaking) or landfill yard.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that sludge dewatering subsystem can be included in
In softening and membrane filtration subsystem in the Waste Water Treatment of the embodiment of the present invention, can also independently it deposit
, or be present in the other systems in Waste Water Treatment according to embodiments of the present invention or subsystem.
Those skilled in the art will also be appreciated that the dirt of Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention subsystem discharge
Mud (anaerobism spoil disposal) can also be by the sludge dewatering subsystem processes.
Using softening and membrane filtration technique, for being up to 1000mg/L in waste water (for example, percolate)
Hardness above is removed processing.For example, garbage burning factory percolate after Anaerobic Treatment, weighs carbon
Hydrochlorate passes through feeding lime (Ca (OH) at concentrations up to 6000mg/L to 9000mg/L2) coarse adjustment and
Caustic soda (NaOH) is finely tuned, and forms alkali formula magnesium silicate, Mg (OH)2And CaCO3Precipitation, recycle
Microfiltration membranes are filtered, and calcium and magnesium hardness removes more than 98%, while organic matter gets back 30% or so
Remove, the setting of the unit instead of the setting of existing advanced treatment process unit nanofiltration substantially, reduce
The generation of 15% dope.In addition, the setting of the unit it also avoid follow-up free ammonia regulation subsystem,
High pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem and evaporative crystallization subsystem fouling and clogging risk, so as to be advantageous to operation dimension
Shield and extension lifetime of system.
In the Waste Water Treatment of the embodiment of the present invention, the first processing system for waste water (for example,
Percolate) in the typical pollutant such as organic matter, basicity and hardness can use " anaerobism+film retention "
" softening+membrane filtration " technology.
In the Waste Water Treatment of the embodiment of the present invention, second processing system is directed to the first processing system
Water outlet after processing can use " free ammonia regulation+high pressure counter-infiltration+feed separation film+evaporative crystallization "
Technology.
In a preferred embodiment, free ammonia regulation subsystem is adjusted using acid adding, turns free ammonia
It is melted into ion ammonium.For example, free ammonia regulation subsystem will be formed using hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid in softening process
Free ammonia is completely converted into ion ammonium salt, is so advantageous to the use of high pressure reverse osmosis desalinization system.
In one preferred embodiment, free ammonia regulation subsystem water outlet is monovalence salting liquid.Existing waste water (example
Such as, percolate) in treatment technology, skill is mainly handled using the MBR of nitration denitrification+tubular type ultrafiltration
Art is removed to ammonia nitrogen and organic matter, and nitrification and denitrification is not thorough, water outlet ammonia nitrogen and nitrogen oxidation
Thing (accounts for all installations energy consumption respectively in 20mg/l and more than 300mg/l with high energy consumption
60-80%), take up an area big (account for full factory 25%), operation maintenance is complicated, environment is poor (noise,
Stink and foam) and the shortcomings of sludge yield big (account for full factory 70%).The present invention first will be soft
Free ammonia is formed during change and is completely converted into ion ammonium salt, then is removed by counter-infiltration, technique
Flow is simple, and removal efficiency can reach more than 99%, and water outlet ammonia nitrogen and nitrogen oxides are all in 10mg/l
Below.
In a preferred embodiment, high pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem is two-stage high pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem
System, high pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem allowable stress are more than or equal to 6.0Mpa.For example, free ammonia is adjusted
Sub-system water outlet (for example, percolate) uses high pressure reverse osmosis technology, and high pressure counter-infiltration can use
The rolled structure of wide runner, the disc structure of open runner can be also used, extremely high pressure can be born
(being more than or equal to 6.0MPa), effluent quality can further improve using two-stage high pressure counter-infiltration.Using
Two-stage high pressure reverse osmosis technology is directed to organic matter and monovalent salt in waste water (for example, percolate) and carried
Pure processing.Salinity is typically between 10-15g/l in percolate, and low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane is (for example, be less than
6.0MPa) highest can concentrate 4 times, and high pressure reverse osmosis membrane (for example, 6.0-12MPa) can be with dense
6 times of contracting, but high pressure reverse osmosis water outlet water quality is slightly worse.Therefore in order to obtain higher producing water ratio and production water
Water quality, purification processes are carried out using the counter-infiltration of two-stage high pressure.The technology can make production Water Sproading rate by existing
The 65% of technology is improved to 80%, TDS (total dissolved solid material Total in producing water water quality
Dissolved Solids) below 500mg/l is down to by more than the 800mg/l of prior art.
In the Waste Water Treatment of the embodiment of the present invention, the feed separation in second processing system 230
Mold system 233 carries out feed separation processing to high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water, extracts organic matter, and extraction has
Counter-infiltration dope after machine thing creates most important substantially based on monovalent salt for direct evaporative crystallization
Advantage.
In the Waste Water Treatment of the embodiment of the present invention, the evaporative crystallization in second processing system 230
Subsystem 234 is evaporated crystallization treatment to the feed separation film permeate after extraction organic matter.It is preferred that
Ground, steam caused by evaporative crystallization subsystem are used for entering the first processing system from pretreatment system
Pretreated waste water heated.
It is complicated organic using feed separation film and evaporative crystallization treatment technology processing high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water
Thing and hardness fouling are to influence two principal elements of evaporation technique stable operation, and wherein hardness is soft
Sub-systems are removed, and complicated organic matter is extracted also by feed separation film, so by using
Evaporation technique directly carries out crystallization treatment to concentrated water, produces Water Sproading rate close to 100%.The combination technique
Use can by equipment downtime overhaul frequency be less than 1 time/month (2-3 times/week of prior art).The skill
20% reverse osmosis concentrated water can be directly thickened to crystal salt by art, evaporate 1m3Concentrated water energy consumption is
50-70kWh。
In second processing system in the Waste Water Treatment of the embodiment of the present invention " free ammonia regulation+
High pressure counter-infiltration+feed separation film+evaporative crystallization " technology substitutes existing " nanofiltration+counter-infiltration " technology,
Substantially accomplish that no concentrated water produces, accessory substance is only organic matter and crystal salt, can be sold in addition as organic fertilizer
And industrial chemicals.
The Waste Water Treatment of the embodiment of the present invention, each processing unit can pin on techniqueflow
Specific pollutants are more thoroughly removed, while create favourable processing bar for subsequent cell again
Part, the complete group technology of an innovation is formed, therefore subsequent cell processing task is more and more simpler,
Intractability is more and more lower, and pollutant removal is more and more thorough.And each unit is all in the prior art
Can be halfway simultaneously in the completion of this cell processing task, increase the intractability of subsequent cell, finally
It is fluctuation of service, difficult in maintenance, water outlet is not guaranteed.It is specifically shown in table 1 below：
Table 1 is compared with the prior art effect comparison table of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the flow chart according to the method for wastewater treatment of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 5, method of wastewater treatment according to embodiments of the present invention include pre-treatment step 610,
First processing step 620, second processing step 630.
Pre-treatment step 610 waste water is adjusted processing and precipitation process, obtains pretreated waste water.
First processing step 620 carries out Anaerobic Treatment to pretreated waste water and microorganism retains, to through micro-
Waste water after biology retention is softened and membrane filtration, obtains softening film filtration effluent.
The free ammonia softened in film filtration effluent is changed into ion ammonium to obtain by second processing step 630
Water outlet after conversion, horizontal high voltage reverse-osmosis treated, feed separation processing and evaporation knot are entered to water outlet after conversion
Crystalline substance processing.
Fig. 6 is according to the techniqueflow of the method for wastewater treatment of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and entered
Go out material figure.
Waste water is pre-processed.Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention are carried out to pretreated waste water,
Obtain microorganism retention and discharge water to softening and membrane filtration subsystem.At Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention
During reason, the microorganism of retention is back to anaerobic reactor.
Sofening treatment and membrane filtration processing are carried out to microorganism retention water outlet, obtain softening film filtration effluent.
Need to add basic agent during sofening treatment, for example, calcium hydroxide Ca (OH)2And sodium hydroxide
NaOH.In sofening treatment and membrane filtration processing procedure, burned after the sludge dewatering of retention or
Landfill disposal.
Free ammonia regulation processing is carried out to softening film filtration effluent, free ammonia is converted into ion ammonium, then
Horizontal high voltage reverse-osmosis treated is entered to water outlet after conversion.Produced after reverse-osmosis treated water as qualified Water circulation or
Discharge.Feed separation processing is carried out to reverse osmosis concentrated water, obtains high-enriched organics and feed separation film
Subsystem permeate.Crystallization treatment is evaporated to feed separation film permeate, obtains crystal salt.Production
Raw steam can be used for heating the water inlet in Anaerobic Treatment.
The Waste Water Treatment and method of wastewater treatment of the present invention has the advantages that：
1. using anaerobism+film retention (ultrafiltration or micro-filtration) technology, Anaerobic Treatment efficiency and operation are improved
Stability, and effectively solve the problems, such as that mud is run in existing anaerobic technique water outlet and anaerobism efficiency is low, while profit
With the filtration of film, aqueous suspension is reduced out, reduce influences on subsequent treatment process；
2. softening+membrane filtration (the ultrafiltration or micro-filtration) technology of use, hardness is removed more than 98%, solution
Certainly aftertreatment systems fouling and clogging problem；
3. by the use of " anaerobism+film retain " and " softening+membrane filtration " technology, first
Organic matter, basicity and the hardness of the overwhelming majority are eliminated, the use of NF membrane is avoided, in reducing
Between link concentrated water generation；Secondly, the removal of hardness and basicity avoids counter-infiltration and evaporative crystallization skill
The generation of fouling and clogging during art use, and counter-infiltration system production Water Sproading rate is improved, drop
Low evaporation scale, saves operation energy consumption；
4. using free ammonia conversion+high pressure counter-infiltration+feed separation film (separation organic matter)+evaporation group
Crystallization technique is closed, first, free ammonia in water outlet will be softened using strong acid and be converted into ion ammonium, avoided
The use of nitration denitrification MBR technology, energy consumption is reduced, occupation of land is saved, improves operation ring
Border and a large amount of biochemical sludges need not be disposed；Secondly, production Water Sproading can be greatly improved using high pressure counter-infiltration
Rate, while wider runner is more suitable for the characteristics of influent quality organic concentration is high；Further, using material
Seperation film organics removal can be formed directly in evaporative crystallization；Vapo(u)rization system is finally used, makes production Water Sproading
Rate avoids concentrated water from disposing and the problem of processing close to 100%.
The accessory substance of the technology of the present invention is the organic matter formed after salt slurry, material UF membrane after softening and steaming
Crystal salt is sent out, wherein salt slurry can be used for brickmaking etc., and organic matter can be used for producing organic fertilizer, and ammonium salt can use
In production sludge ammonium fertilizer, crystal salt can be used for industrial chemicals.Therefore the protrusion benefit one side of the present invention
It is to realize changing waste into resources to greatest extent；On the other hand it is combined using targetedly technique,
Formed the new Waste Water Treatment that is totally different from conventional waste water disposal system and method for wastewater treatment and
Method of wastewater treatment.
Illustrate the Waste Water Treatment of the present invention with a specific example below.
Certain city burning power plant percolate station design treatment scale is 300 ton days, and percolate is through toning
Enter anaerobism and microorganism retention subsystem after saving pond and sedimentation basin pretreatment, anaerobic effluent first passes around
Aerated precipitation tank, clear liquid are retained and filtered by membranous system, during this example selects energy consumption relatively low
Hollow fiber curtain type membrane, the suspension and microorganism being retained down are back to anaerobism water inlet, going out after filtering
Water enters softening film process subsystem, in this percolate mainly using calcium and magnesium hardness, ammonia nitrogen and monovalent salt as
It is main.
Because anaerobic processes have accumulated the heavy carbonate more than more than 6000mg/l, and calcium in percolate,
The hardness of magnesium and silicide first passes through distribution feeding lime and removed mainly between 1000-1500mg/l
Hardness, finally prevent that Lime-Injecting is excessive and takes the mode for adding caustic soda to finely tune acid-base value and is formed more
Thoroughly precipitate, table 2 is the control point of pH value when different material forms precipitation in percolate.
PH value when different material forms precipitation in the MBR water outlets of table 2
Main chemical reactions formula is as follows：
2HCO3 -+Ca(OH)2+Ca2+→2CaCO3↓+2H2O
2HCO3 -+2Ca(OH)2+Mg2+→2CaCO3↓+Mg(OH)2↓+2H2O
By membrane filtration, the salt slurry being retained down is taken off the sediment formed after softening by frame dehydration machine
Brickmaking after water, clear liquid return to melded system.
Between being adjusted to 11-12 in softening stress-displacement stage pH value, the ion ammonia overwhelming majority is converted into
Free ammonia, it is necessary to which being converted into ion ammonium salt by acid adding could be removed by counter-infiltration.
Now, master, while also a small amount of organic matter are only divided into monovalent salt in percolate, first to keep away
Exempt from pollution and higher salinity influence to production Water Sproading rate of the organic matter to ordinary RO membrane, can
Using the two-stage high pressure reverse osmosis process of open runner, more than 80% production Water Sproading rate can be obtained
With preferable producing water water quality；Then it is using the technique of feed separation film+evaporation that high pressure is reverse osmosis concentrated again
Organic matter and salinity extract respectively in liquid, then avoid the generation of concentrated water.Meanwhile extract organic matter
It can avoid in evaporation process to being concentrated by evaporation multiplying power and going out the influence of salt quality.Finally, it is percolated
Liquid is almost all recovered as qualified outer draining or recycle-water, crystal salt (sodium chloride and the chlorine of formation
Change potassium and account for more than 95%) the highly concentrated organic matter (humic acid) less than 1% can be formed with for sale
Can be as the organic slow-release fertilizer of afforestation.
Particular embodiments described above, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out
Be further described, should be understood that the specific embodiment that the foregoing is only of the invention and
, it is not intended to limit the invention, within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is done any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. Waste Water Treatment, it is characterised in that including：Pretreatment system, processing and precipitation process are adjusted to waste water, obtains pretreated waste water for it；First processing system, it carries out Anaerobic Treatment to the pretreated waste water and microorganism retains, right Waste water after microorganism retains is softened and membrane filtration, obtains softening film filtration effluent；Second processing system, its by it is described softening film filtration effluent in free ammonia change into ion ammonium with Water outlet after being converted, horizontal high voltage reverse-osmosis treated, feed separation processing are entered to water outlet after the conversion With evaporative crystallization processing.
- 2. Waste Water Treatment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that at described first Reason system includes：Anaerobic Treatment and microorganism retention subsystem, it includes anaerobic device and microorganism retention subsystem, The anaerobic device carries out Anaerobic Treatment to obtain anaerobic effluent, micro- life to the pretreated waste water Thing retains subsystem and carries out film retention to the microorganism in the anaerobic effluent, while the anaerobism is gone out Suspension in water is filtered, and obtains clarification and effluent；Softening and membrane filtration subsystem, it includes softening subsystem and membrane filtration subsystem, described soft Alkaline matter is added in sub-systems to the clarification and effluent, forms flocculation tiny particles content, the film Filter subsystem is filtered the flocculation tiny particles content, obtains the softening film filtration effluent.
- 3. Waste Water Treatment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that at described second Reason system includes：Free ammonia adjusts subsystem, and it is carried out by dissociating to the free ammonia in the softening film filtration effluent Ammonia adjusts subsystem water outlet to the conversion of ion ammonium to obtain free ammonia；High pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem, it enters horizontal high voltage reverse osmosis to free ammonia regulation subsystem water outlet Processing thoroughly, and obtain high pressure reverse osmosis membrane permeate and high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water；Feed separation mold system, it carries out feed separation processing to the high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water, carried Feed separation film permeate is obtained after taking organic matter；Evaporative crystallization subsystem, it is evaporated crystallization to the feed separation film permeate, steamed Vapour and crystalline salt by evaporation.
- 4. Waste Water Treatment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that at the anaerobism Reason and microorganism retention subsystem also include：Microorganism backflow subsystem, microorganism under it retains microorganism retention subsystem are flowed back To the water inlet of the anaerobic device.
- 5. Waste Water Treatment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the basic species Matter includes calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.
- 6. Waste Water Treatment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the free ammonia Adjust subsystem to adjust using acid adding, free ammonia is changed into ion ammonium.
- 7. Waste Water Treatment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the high pressure is anti- Permeable membrane subsystem is two-stage high pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem, and the high pressure reverse osmosis membrane subsystem can be held It is stressed and is more than or equal to 6.0Mpa.
- 8. Waste Water Treatment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the material point It is that the material membranous system of organic matter extraction separation is carried out to the high pressure reverse osmosis concentrated water from mold system.
- 9. Waste Water Treatment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the evaporation knot Steam caused by matted crystal system is used for entering first processing system from the pretreatment system Pretreated waste water heated.
- A kind of 10. method of wastewater treatment, it is characterised in that including：Pre-treatment step, processing and precipitation process are adjusted to waste water, obtains pretreated waste water for it；First processing step, it carries out Anaerobic Treatment to the pretreated waste water and microorganism retains, right Waste water after microorganism retains is softened and membrane filtration, obtains softening film filtration effluent；Second processing step, its by it is described softening film filtration effluent in free ammonia change into ion ammonium with Water outlet after being converted, horizontal high voltage reverse-osmosis treated, feed separation processing are entered to water outlet after the conversion With evaporative crystallization processing.
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