CN107517840A - A kind of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer for garden crop - Google Patents

A kind of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer for garden crop Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107517840A
CN107517840A CN201711000288.2A CN201711000288A CN107517840A CN 107517840 A CN107517840 A CN 107517840A CN 201711000288 A CN201711000288 A CN 201711000288A CN 107517840 A CN107517840 A CN 107517840A
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fertilizer
water
mgso
nutrient
formula
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王巨媛
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Liaocheng University
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Liaocheng University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23Solutions

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer for garden crop, the fertilizer formula includes two kinds:Formula I includes KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4Include KNO with formula II3、Ca(NO3)2、(NH4)3PO4、MgSO4, and I dispensing is formulated according to KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4Ratio be 2:5:5:10, II dispensing is formulated according to KNO3、Ca(NO3)2、(NH4)3PO4、MgSO4And FeCl3Ratio be 12:14:3:6:2, the present invention has higher use value and application prospect it is demonstrated experimentally that nutrient solution provided by the invention can be such that the yield of garden crop is compared with soil cultivation significantly increases.

Description

A kind of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer for garden crop
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, more particularly to a kind of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer for garden crop.
Background technology
Vegetables are one of indispensable important foodstuffs in human lives.Because Chinese Urbanization accelerates, surrounding city soil Ground is reduced year after year, and the cultivated area of the garden crop such as vegetables is constantly reduced, and has seriously affected yield and the city vegetable of vegetables Dish supplies.In order to solve this contradiction, be only improved largely yield per unit area, can be given birth in less land area The enough victuals of output.One of its solution method is exactly to be also referred to as nutrient fluid cultivation using soilless culture.Soilless culture cares for name It is exactly the Planting Crops in the case of no soil to think justice.The advantage of soilless culture is the soil property regardless of soil, even It is the barren lands such as barren beach, Desert of Gobi, as long as nutritious liquid can Planting Crops.And its crop yield can be into Increase again, and whole year production is realized by greenhouse production.Therefore Outskirts of City land area deficiency and vegetable nearby can be solved Dish produces and supply problem.
Nutrient solution is through biofermentation, chemistry chelating, thing using environmental organism ecology symbiosis technology and Mycorrhizal Symbiosiss principle A kind of novel nourishing liquid of the technique synthesis such as reason activation.Nutrient solution is the key of soilless culture, and Different Crop requires different battalion Nutrient solution formula.The formula delivered in the world at present is many but similar, because initial formula is originally come to soil extraction Chemical composition analysis.In nutrient solution prescription, difference it is maximum be wherein nitrogen and potassium ratio.
Different garden crops is often different for the demand of nutriment, and each garden crop is required for different battalion Support material.But if every kind of crop must all configure nutrient solution not only complex manufacturing, and peasant is using alone When it is also very inconvenient, and easily malfunction.Therefore, general nutrient formulation turns into study hotspot.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide one kind to be used for garden crop nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer formula, especially provides a kind of Nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer for garden crop.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:A kind of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer for garden crop Material, the nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer include two kinds of formulas:
(1) the formula I includes:KCI、KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4,, and KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4Ratio Example is 2:5:5:10;
(2) the formula II includes:KNO3、Ca(NO3)2、(NH4)3PO4、MgSO4And FeCl3, and KNO3、Ca(NO3)2、 (NH4)3PO4、MgSO4And FeCl3Ratio be 12:14:3:6:2;
(3) the nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer Major Nutrient composition and quantity are usually:The 250PPm of nitrogen 100 1, phosphorus 50 1 100PPm, the 400PPm of potassium 150 1, the 300PPm of calcium 200 1 and the 70PPm of magnesium 50 1, the requirement of various Plant To Nutrient elements is that have Difference:Such as spinach, Chinese cabbage, from fragrant plant leaf vegetables, to increase the supply of nitrogen;Melon and fruit, stem tuber and root tuber class, such as cucumber, pumpkin To increase the supply of phosphorus with potato etc., Later growth, to reduce nitrogen and increase the supply of phosphorus, it is high sun-drenched in temperature Area, the supply of potassium is reduced, in addition, also to make some changes according to water quality situation, such as calcium, magnesium ion content height in water, then The supply of calcium, magnesium is reduced, solution is prepared and well water, river, spring and running water can be used.
Preferably, in the fertilizer shown in described (1), described formula I (KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) it is independence Packaging;(2) in the fertilizer shown in, described formula II (KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) it is independent packaging.
Preferably, the preparation method of the nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer, comprises the following steps:By each seed manure of described fertilizer Independently pack, and the composition in each seed manure is reached the mass ratio, obtain fertilizer.
Preferably, the application method of the fertilizer is as follows:Analysis fertilizer included by formula I or formula II is molten successively Yu Shuizhong, and the constituent in each seed manure is reached the mass ratio, so as to obtain required fertilizer.
Preferably, it is safest water source that (1) described nutrient solution, which takes nature rainwater, how chloride well water is, calcium, iron, magnesium and Trace element zinc, copper, molybdenum etc., constituent content in water must be analyzed in advance, suitable increase and decrease amount during determining compounding, utilize When running water and river, often because of residual chlorine and it is mixed into herbicide and causes growing barrier.Particularly running water does not do dechlorination processing, residual Chlorine is stayed to cause vegetable root rot.When the nutrient solutions such as river, well water and running water are with water saliferous excess, distillation can be used Method, ion-exchange, electroosmose process etc. remove.Replaced with rainwater then more economical;(2) pH value of the water is 6.0-7.0, institute The EC values for stating water are 50-600 μ s/cm;The temperature during Fertilizer application is 20 DEG C -40 DEG C;
Preferably, application of the fertilizer obtained by the formula I and formula II in garden crop is cultivated.
Preferably, the garden crop is tomato, eggplant, green pepper, lettuce, cucumber, celery, beans, rose, Kang Nai Fragrant, showy flowers of herbaceous plants class.
The experiment proves that nutrient formulation provided by the invention belongs to balanced nutritious, the foundation that nutrient solution assembles with It is required that:On the one hand various nutrients are actually needed according to crop, on the other hand consider the N and P uptake character of crop. In soilless culture, nutrient solution is the sole source of crop root nutrition.Therefore, all battalion necessary to crop should be included in nutrient solution Support element, the i.e. a great number of elements such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulphur (S) and iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), boron (B), the trace element such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo).Different crops and kind, the different growing stage of same crop are right Various nutrients are actually needed very big difference.So when matching nutrient solution, all kinds of crops are first understood, so that Different cultivars, each growing stage, to the requirement of all kinds of indispensable elements, and on this basis, to determine the composition of nutrient solution Composition and ratio.
Embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material used, reagent etc., unless otherwise specified, are commercially obtained in following embodiments.
Method therefor is conventional method unless otherwise instructed in following embodiments.The concentration is mass ratio.
The configuration of embodiment 1, the nutrient solution of cultivating tomato and cultivation fertilizer:
(1) selection of nutrient solution:It is safest water source that nutrient solution, which takes nature rainwater, and how chloride well water is, calcium, iron, magnesium And trace element zinc, copper, molybdenum etc., constituent content in water must be analyzed in advance, suitable increase and decrease amount during determining compounding, profit During with running water and river, often because of residual chlorine and it is mixed into herbicide and causes growing barrier.Particularly running water does not do dechlorination processing, Residual chlorine can cause vegetable root rot.When the nutrient solutions such as river, well water and running water are with water saliferous excess, distillation can be used Method, ion-exchange, electroosmose process etc. remove.Replaced with rainwater then more economical.
(2) preparation of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer:
(a) nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer first is by being formulated I (KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) and formula II (KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) building form in two;
(b) I (KCI, KH will should be formulated successively when preparing2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) and formula II (KCI, KH2PO4、 MgSO4And CaSO4) fertilizer component be added sequentially in 1 ton of clear water (1 ton or bigger receiver), add fertilizer when must be strict (KCI, KH in sequence2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4With KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) add, it is impossible to arbitrarily add;On one side Fertilizer is added while stirring, another fertilizer is added after a kind of fertilizer is completely dissolved, after all fertilizer all fully dissolve, The pH value of nutrient solution is adjusted to 6.0~7.0, pH adjustment can be carried out with HCL and NaHO, obtain nutrient solution;
(c) sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation are utilized at regular time and quantity in the growth and development process after tomato nursery and field planting It is applied in cultivation bed or cultivating container and is cultivated.Daily amount of application can take circulation supply mode, except plant absorbs Outside, unnecessary nutrient solution auto-returned receiver (receiver temperature is room temperature), tested by 3 years, tomato annual yield It can reach 20,000 kgs/acre;
(d) also nutrient solution obtained above can be configured to mother liquor according to 50 times or 100 times of concentration respectively, loads receiver In, mother liquor is proportionally diluted with water into cultivation nutrient solution in feed tank during use, will be sought with compact submersible pump afterwards Nutrient solution is applied in cultivation bed or cultivating container by sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation and cultivated.
The configuration of embodiment 2, the nutrient solution of green pepper cultivation and cultivation fertilizer:
(1) selection of nutrient solution:It is safest water source that nutrient solution, which takes nature rainwater, and how chloride well water is, calcium, iron, magnesium And trace element zinc, copper, molybdenum etc., constituent content in water must be analyzed in advance, suitable increase and decrease amount during determining compounding, profit During with running water and river, often because of residual chlorine and it is mixed into herbicide and causes growing barrier.Particularly running water does not do dechlorination processing, Residual chlorine can cause vegetable root rot.When the nutrient solutions such as river, well water and running water are with water saliferous excess, distillation can be used Method, ion-exchange, electroosmose process etc. remove.Replaced with rainwater then more economical.
(2) preparation of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer:
(a) nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer first is by being formulated I (KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) and formula II (KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) building form in two;
(b) I (KCI, KH will should be formulated successively when preparing2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) and formula II (KCI, KH2PO4、 MgSO4And CaSO4) fertilizer component be added sequentially in 1 ton of clear water (1 ton or bigger receiver), add fertilizer when must be strict (KCI, KH in sequence2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4With KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) add, it is impossible to arbitrarily add;On one side Fertilizer is added while stirring, another fertilizer is added after a kind of fertilizer is completely dissolved, after all fertilizer all fully dissolve, The pH value of nutrient solution is adjusted to 6.0~7.0, pH adjustment can be carried out with HCL and NaHO, obtain nutrient solution;
(c) applied at regular time and quantity using sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation in the growth and development process after green pepper nursery and field planting Cultivated for cultivating in bed or cultivating container.Daily amount of application can take circulation supply mode, except plant absorbs it Outside, unnecessary nutrient solution auto-returned receiver (receiver temperature is room temperature), tested by 3 years, and green pepper annual yield is reachable To 10,000 kgs/acre;
(d) also nutrient solution obtained above can be configured to mother liquor according to 50 times or 100 times of concentration respectively, loads receiver In, mother liquor is proportionally diluted with water into cultivation nutrient solution in feed tank during use, will be sought with compact submersible pump afterwards Nutrient solution is applied in cultivation bed or cultivating container by sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation and cultivated.
The configuration of embodiment 3, the nutrient solution of carnation cultivation and cultivation fertilizer:
(1) selection of nutrient solution:It is safest water source that nutrient solution, which takes nature rainwater, and how chloride well water is, calcium, iron, magnesium And trace element zinc, copper, molybdenum etc., constituent content in water must be analyzed in advance, suitable increase and decrease amount during determining compounding, profit During with running water and river, often because of residual chlorine and it is mixed into herbicide and causes growing barrier.Particularly running water does not do dechlorination processing, Residual chlorine can cause vegetable root rot.When the nutrient solutions such as river, well water and running water are with water saliferous excess, distillation can be used Method, ion-exchange, electroosmose process etc. remove.Replaced with rainwater then more economical.
(2) preparation of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer:
(a) nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer first is by being formulated I (KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) and formula II (KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) building form in two;
(b) I (KCI, KH will should be formulated successively when preparing2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) and formula II (KCI, KH2PO4、 MgSO4And CaSO4) fertilizer component be added sequentially in 1 ton of clear water (1 ton or bigger receiver), add fertilizer when must be strict (KCI, KH in sequence2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4With KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) add, it is impossible to arbitrarily add;On one side Fertilizer is added while stirring, another fertilizer is added after a kind of fertilizer is completely dissolved, after all fertilizer all fully dissolve, The pH value of nutrient solution is adjusted to 6.0~7.0, pH adjustment can be carried out with HCL and NaHO, obtain nutrient solution;
(c) applied at regular time and quantity using sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation in the growth and development process after carnation and field planting Cultivated in cultivation bed or cultivating container.Daily amount of application can take circulation supply mode, in addition to plant absorbs, Unnecessary nutrient solution auto-returned receiver (receiver temperature is room temperature), tested by 3 years, and carnation annual yield is reachable To 0.5 ten thousand kgs/acre;
(d) also nutrient solution obtained above can be configured to mother liquor according to 50 times or 100 times of concentration respectively, loads receiver In, mother liquor is proportionally diluted with water into cultivation nutrient solution in feed tank during use, will be sought with compact submersible pump afterwards Nutrient solution is applied in cultivation bed or cultivating container by sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation and cultivated.
The basic principles, principal features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, the original for simply illustrating the present invention described in above-described embodiment and specification Reason, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes and improvements It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims and its Xiao Wu circle It is fixed.

Claims (7)

  1. A kind of 1. nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer for garden crop, it is characterised in that:The nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer includes two kinds Formula:
    (1), the formula I includes:KCI、KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4,, and KCI, KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4Ratio be 2:5:5:10;
    (2), the formula II includes:KNO3、Ca(NO3)2、(NH4)3PO4、MgSO4And FeCl3, and KNO3、Ca(NO3)2、(NH4)3PO4、MgSO4And FeCl3Ratio be 12:14:3:6:2;
    (3), the nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer Major Nutrient composition and quantity are usually:The 250PPm of nitrogen 100 1, phosphorus 50 1 100PPm, the 400PPm of potassium 150 1, the 300PPm of calcium 200 1 and the 70PPm of magnesium 50 1, the requirement of various Plant To Nutrient elements is that have Difference:Such as spinach, Chinese cabbage, from fragrant plant leaf vegetables, to increase the supply of nitrogen;Melon and fruit, stem tuber and root tuber class, such as cucumber, pumpkin To increase the supply of phosphorus with potato etc., Later growth, to reduce nitrogen and increase the supply of phosphorus, it is high sun-drenched in temperature Area, the supply of potassium is reduced, in addition, also to make some changes according to water quality situation, such as calcium, magnesium ion content height in water, then The supply of calcium, magnesium is reduced, solution is prepared and well water, river, spring and running water can be used.
  2. 2. nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:(1) in the fertilizer shown in, the formula I (KCI、KH2PO4、MgSO4And CaSO4) it is independent packaging;(2) in the fertilizer shown in, described formula II (KCI, KH2PO4、 MgSO4And CaSO4) it is independent packaging.
  3. 3. nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The preparation side of the nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer Method, comprise the following steps:By the other independent packaging of the various nutriment in a fertilizer of described fertilizer, and the composition in each seed manure is set to reach described Mass ratio, obtain fertilizer.
  4. 4. nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The application method of the fertilizer is as follows:Will The analysis fertilizer for being formulated I or being formulated included by II is soluble in water successively, and the constituent in each seed manure is reached institute Mass ratio is stated, so as to obtain required fertilizer.
  5. 5. nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:(1) nutrient solution water nature rainwater It is safest water source, how chloride well water is, calcium, iron, magnesium and trace element zinc, copper, molybdenum etc., must analyze element in water in advance and contain Amount, suitable increase and decrease amount during determining compounding, during using running water and river, often because of residual chlorine and it is mixed into herbicide and draws Play growing barrier.Particularly running water does not do dechlorination processing, and residual chlorine can cause vegetable root rot.When river, well water and When the nutrient solutions such as running water are with water saliferous excess, the way of distillation, ion-exchange, electroosmose process etc. can be used to remove.Replaced with rainwater It is then more economical;(2) pH value of the water is 6.0-7.0, and the EC values of the water are 50-600 μ s/cm;During the Fertilizer application Temperature be 20 DEG C -40 DEG C.
  6. 6. nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Fertilizer obtained by the formula I and formula II Expect the application in garden crop is cultivated.
  7. 7. nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The garden crop be tomato, eggplant, Green pepper, lettuce, cucumber, celery, beans, rose, carnation, showy flowers of herbaceous plants class.
CN201711000288.2A 2017-10-24 2017-10-24 A kind of nutrient fluid cultivation fertilizer for garden crop Pending CN107517840A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1180059A (en) * 1997-04-08 1998-04-29 高东翔 Nutrient solution liquid concentrate for soilless culture
CN1186791A (en) * 1997-12-15 1998-07-08 唐利军 Plant nutrient liquid containing rare-earth element
CN1253931A (en) * 1999-12-16 2000-05-24 刘泉 Liquid fertilizer and its preparation method
JP2002360072A (en) * 2001-06-07 2002-12-17 Sanshu Kogyo Kk Apparatus and method for culturing plant
KR20100072623A (en) * 2008-12-22 2010-07-01 (유)조한규의지구촌자연농업연구원 A natural farming system
CN102391045A (en) * 2011-08-05 2012-03-28 郭志刚 Nutrient solution cultivating fertilizer for horticultural crop
CN104761341A (en) * 2015-03-18 2015-07-08 黄成博 Chilli anti-lodging nutrient solution

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1180059A (en) * 1997-04-08 1998-04-29 高东翔 Nutrient solution liquid concentrate for soilless culture
CN1186791A (en) * 1997-12-15 1998-07-08 唐利军 Plant nutrient liquid containing rare-earth element
CN1253931A (en) * 1999-12-16 2000-05-24 刘泉 Liquid fertilizer and its preparation method
JP2002360072A (en) * 2001-06-07 2002-12-17 Sanshu Kogyo Kk Apparatus and method for culturing plant
KR20100072623A (en) * 2008-12-22 2010-07-01 (유)조한규의지구촌자연농업연구원 A natural farming system
CN102391045A (en) * 2011-08-05 2012-03-28 郭志刚 Nutrient solution cultivating fertilizer for horticultural crop
CN104761341A (en) * 2015-03-18 2015-07-08 黄成博 Chilli anti-lodging nutrient solution

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