CN107514298A - 灭火型尾气过滤器及蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺 - Google Patents
灭火型尾气过滤器及蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种灭火型尾气过滤器。它包括过滤箱(1)、灭火器 (7)和消声器(8),所述消声器(8)的出口与灭火器(7)的进口相连,灭火器(7)的出口与过滤箱(1)的尾气进口(4)相连,所述过滤箱(1)内设置有过滤网(2)和陶瓷蜂窝载体(3),蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺包括步骤一、配料;步骤二、取浆料;步骤三、涂覆;步骤四、烧制。本发明一种灭火型尾气过滤器及蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺,首先在消声器和灭火器的作用下,进行降噪和灭火,在过滤网和陶瓷蜂窝载体两级过滤下,将尾气反应成CO2、H2O,同时隔壁上的微孔能有效过滤废气中的黑烟颗粒,并在催化剂涂层的作用下黑烟颗粒会被燃烧掉;涂覆工艺不仅涂覆均匀,并且涂覆的浆料与陶瓷载体能充分结合,使得陶瓷载体的过滤效果好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种灭火型尾气过滤器及蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺,用于汽车尾气净化。属于汽车设备技术领域。
背景技术
目前,普通的汽车尾气过滤器,是使用催化剂与汽车尾气中的NO、NO2与CO反应,生成CO2和N2这两种无污染气体,但是配备柴油发动机的汽车,由于柴油发动机的尾气中含有黑烟颗粒,现有的尾气过滤器不能有效过滤黑烟颗粒,这样会造成环境污染。
现有的蜂窝载体涂覆工艺为,在陶瓷载体底部向上喷射涂覆浆料,此种工艺的缺陷在于:浆料呈水状,不仅涂覆难度大,而且涂覆浆料不能与载体充分结合,涂覆后的陶瓷载体不美观,并且过滤效果差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足,提供了一种灭火型尾气过滤器及蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺,此尾气过滤器能降噪和灭火,在过滤汽车尾气中的CO、HC、NOx有害气体的同时也能过滤黑烟颗粒,并在高温下黑烟颗粒会逐步燃烧而氧化;涂覆工艺不仅涂覆均匀,并且涂覆的浆料与陶瓷载体能充分结合,使得陶瓷载体的过滤效果好。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种灭火型尾气过滤器,包括过滤箱,其特点是:所述灭火型尾气过滤器及蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺还包括灭火器 和消声器,所述消声器的出口与灭火器的进口相连,灭火器的出口与过滤箱的尾气进口相连,所述过滤箱内设置有过滤网和陶瓷蜂窝载体,所述过滤箱包括第一圆弧边、第二圆弧边、第一斜边和第二斜边,所述第一圆弧边、第二斜边、第二圆弧边和第一斜边依次首尾相连,相连处采用圆角过渡,所述陶瓷蜂窝载体沿轴线方向密布有气孔,所述气孔的一端为开口,另一端设置有封堵面,所述封堵面和开口间隔布置,所述相邻两个气孔设置有隔壁,隔壁上开有呈蜂窝状的微孔,隔壁上涂覆有催化剂涂层。
本发明一种灭火型尾气过滤器,其气孔的孔数为600孔/平方英寸。
本发明一种灭火型尾气过滤器,其隔壁的厚度为0.13~0.14mm。
本发明一种灭火型尾气过滤器,其过滤网采用亚玻璃纤维膜材料制成。
本发明的蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺,其特点是:所述涂覆工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一、配料,首先将活性氧化铝和铂、铑、钯贵金属溶液混合12小时,得到重量百分数30-70%的混合溶液,然后配入重量百分数25-60%的稀土,再加入重量百分数1-5%的活性组分(分子筛)、重量百分数1-5%的高分子树脂溶液、重量百分数1-5%的的铝胶、重量百分数1-5%的稀土硝酸盐,搅拌6小时成胶状;其中稀土为氯化物除氧材料;活性组分为高气孔率的分子筛;高分子树脂溶液为聚乙烯醇溶液,其水跟物料比为1:20;
步骤二、取浆料,通过计算蜂窝陶瓷载体隔壁的面积,进而计算所需的步骤一中胶状的混合液的重量,然后用容器取出定量的胶状混合液;
步骤三、涂覆,将蜂窝陶瓷载体置于一个吸力装置的上方,吸力装置与蜂窝陶瓷载体的底部紧贴,将步骤三的得到的浆料倒在蜂窝陶瓷载体的顶面,呈胶状的浆料不具备流动性,位于蜂窝陶瓷载体的表面,此时打开吸力装置,在吸力装置的作用下,胶状的浆料沿着蜂窝陶瓷载体的隔壁从顶面被吸往底面;
步骤四、烧制,将步骤四得到的蜂窝陶瓷载体置于550℃的炉窑烧制3-5小时。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明一种灭火型尾气过滤器及蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺,首先在消声器和灭火器的作用下,进行降噪和灭火,在过滤网和陶瓷蜂窝载体两级过滤下,将主要成分为CO、HC、NOx的尾气,反应成CO2、H2O、N2和O2,同时隔壁上的微孔能有效过滤废气中的黑烟颗粒,并在催化剂涂层的作用下黑烟颗粒会被燃烧掉,进一步提高了尾气净化效果;配料中加入了作为粘合剂的聚乙烯醇溶液和作为吸附剂的铝胶,因此搅拌后的混合液呈胶状,并配合步骤三中的吸力装置,可以使得浆料从陶瓷载体的顶面开始涂覆,与现有的从陶瓷载体底部开始涂覆水状浆料的工艺相比,本发明浆料涂覆均匀,涂覆的浆料与陶瓷载体能充分结合,使得陶瓷载体的过滤效果好。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种灭火型尾气过滤器的结构示意图。
图2为图1的左视图。
图3为本发明的陶瓷蜂窝载体的截面示意图。
图4为本发明的陶瓷蜂窝载体的部分轴向截面图。
图5为本发明的陶瓷蜂窝载体的隔壁的结构示意图。
图中:
过滤箱1,
第一圆弧边1.1,
第二圆弧边1.2,
第一斜边1.3,
第二斜边1.4,
过滤网2,
陶瓷蜂窝载体3,
气孔3.1,
封堵面3.2,
隔壁3.3,
微孔3.4,
催化剂涂层3.5
开口3.6,
尾气进口4,
尾气出口5,
尾气6,
灭火器 7,
消声器8。
具体实施方式
参见图1-5,本发明涉及一种灭火型尾气过滤器及蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺,它包括过滤箱1、过滤网2、陶瓷蜂窝载体3、灭火器 7和消声器8,过滤箱1的左端为尾气进口4,右端为尾气出口5,所述消声器8的出口与灭火器7的进口相连,灭火器7的出口与过滤箱1的尾气进口4相连。
所述过滤网2和陶瓷蜂窝载体3设置在过滤箱1内,过滤网2靠近尾气进口4处,所述过滤箱1包括第一圆弧边1.1、第二圆弧边1.2、第一斜边1.3和第二斜边1.4,所述第一圆弧边1.1、第二斜边1.4、第二圆弧边1.2和第一斜边1.3依次首尾相连,相连处采用圆角过渡,所述陶瓷蜂窝载体3的形状与过滤箱1对应,且陶瓷蜂窝载体3沿轴线方向密布有气孔3.1,所述气孔3.1的一端为开口3.6,另一端设置有封堵面3.2,所述封堵面3.2和开口3.6间隔布置,所述相邻两个气孔3.1设置有隔壁3.3,隔壁3.3上开有呈蜂窝状的微孔3.4,隔壁3.3上涂覆有催化剂涂层3.5。
其中,气孔3.1的孔数为600孔/平方英寸,隔壁3.3的厚度为0.13~0.14mm。
所述过滤网2采用亚玻璃纤维膜材料制成。
本发明的蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一、配料,首先将活性氧化铝和铂、铑、钯贵金属溶液混合12小时,得到重量百分数30-70%的混合溶液,然后配入重量百分数25-60%的稀土,再加入重量百分数1-5%的活性组分(分子筛)、重量百分数1-5%的高分子树脂溶液、重量百分数1-5%的的铝胶、重量百分数1-5%的稀土硝酸盐,搅拌6小时成胶状;其中稀土为氯化物除氧材料;活性组分为高气孔率的分子筛;高分子树脂溶液为聚乙烯醇溶液,其水跟物料比为1:20。
步骤二、取浆料,通过计算蜂窝陶瓷载体隔壁的面积,进而计算所需的步骤一中胶状的混合液的重量,然后用容器取出定量的胶状混合液。
步骤三、涂覆,将蜂窝陶瓷载体置于一个吸力装置的上方,吸力装置与蜂窝陶瓷载体的底部紧贴,将步骤三的得到的浆料倒在蜂窝陶瓷载体的顶面,呈胶状的浆料不具备流动性,位于蜂窝陶瓷载体的表面,此时打开吸力装置,在吸力装置的作用下,胶状的浆料沿着蜂窝陶瓷载体的隔壁从顶面被吸往底面。
步骤四、烧制,将步骤四得到的蜂窝陶瓷载体置于550℃的炉窑烧制3-5小时。
步骤一中,加入了作为粘合剂的聚乙烯醇溶液和作为吸附剂的铝胶,因此搅拌后的混合液呈胶状,并配合步骤三中的吸力装置,可以使得浆料从陶瓷载体的顶面开始涂覆,与现有的从陶瓷载体底部开始涂覆水状浆料的工艺相比,本发明浆料涂覆均匀,涂覆的浆料与陶瓷载体能充分结合,使得陶瓷载体的过滤效果好
工作原理:本发明采用堇青石质制作成蜂窝陶瓷载体,并内置在柴油机尾气净化器内,柴油发动机排出的带有黑烟颗粒的废气尾气发动机的尾气经过消声器8降噪,然后进入灭火器7,气流在其中膨胀、旋转,蒸发尾气中的水分,同时可消灭火星,进一步降低发动机噪音污染,水分中的有害成分在后续的过滤网2和陶瓷蜂窝载体3中被过滤,从灭火器7排出的尾气从尾气进口4进入,经过过滤网2的一级过滤,然后进入陶瓷蜂窝载体3,从气孔3.1的开口3.6进入,由于气孔3.1在一端是开口3.6,而在另一端则是封堵面3.2,因此废气会通过带有微孔3.4的隔壁3.3,然后从相邻气孔3.1的开口3.6排出,由于黑烟颗粒的直径较微孔3.4大,因此废气中的黑烟颗粒将被过滤捕捉在隔壁3.3上,气流则从微孔3.4穿过。
所述催化剂涂层3.5含有贵金属的活性稀土,主要成份有Pt、Pd、Rh、Al2O3、Ce、La、Zr、Cu、Mn ,柴油燃烧的废气(主要为CO、HC、NOx等有害气体)穿过微孔3.4时,涂覆在隔壁3.3上的催化剂涂层3.5将增强CO、HC、NOx三种气体的活性,促使其进行一定的氧化-还原化学反应,其中CO在高温下氧化成无色无毒的二氧化碳气体,HC化合物在高温下分解成水(H2O)和二氧化碳,NOx还原成氮气和氧气。
当柴油机排气温度达到375 摄氏度时,在催化剂涂层3.5的作用下,隔壁3.3上的黑烟颗粒会逐步燃烧而氧化,黑烟颗粒的净化率约达到85% 以上,当反应温度达到500 摄氏度时催化剂和黑烟颗粒反应从而完全燃烧掉(催化燃烧),此时黑烟颗粒的净化率可达90% 以上。
Claims (5)
1.一种灭火型尾气过滤器,包括过滤箱(1),其特征在于:所述灭火型尾气过滤器及蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺还包括灭火器 (7)和消声器(8),所述消声器(8)的出口与灭火器(7)的进口相连,灭火器(7)的出口与过滤箱(1)的尾气进口(4)相连,所述过滤箱(1)内依次设置有过滤网(2)和陶瓷蜂窝载体(3),所述过滤箱(1)包括第一圆弧边(1.1)、第二圆弧边(1.2)、第一斜边(1.3)和第二斜边(1.4),所述第一圆弧边(1.1)、第二斜边(1.4)、第二圆弧边(1.2)和第一斜边(1.3)依次首尾相连,相连处采用圆角过渡,所述陶瓷蜂窝载体(3)沿轴线方向密布有气孔(3.1),所述气孔(3.1)的一端为开口(3.6),另一端设置有封堵面(3.2),所述封堵面(3.2)和开口(3.6)间隔布置,所述相邻两个气孔(3.1)设置有隔壁(3.3),隔壁(3.3)上开有呈蜂窝状的微孔(3.4),隔壁(3.3)上涂覆有催化剂涂层(3.5)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种灭火型尾气过滤器,其特征在于:所述气孔(3.1)的孔数为600孔/平方英寸。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种灭火型尾气过滤器,其特征在于:所述隔壁(3.3)的厚度为0.13~0.14mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种灭火型尾气过滤器,其特征在于:所述过滤网(2)采用亚玻璃纤维膜材料制成。
5.一种灭火型尾气过滤器的蜂窝载体的涂覆工艺,其特征在于:所述涂覆工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一、配料,首先将活性氧化铝和铂、铑、钯贵金属溶液混合12小时,得到重量百分数30-70%的混合溶液,然后配入重量百分数25-60%的稀土,再加入重量百分数1-5%的活性组分(分子筛)、重量百分数1-5%的高分子树脂溶液、重量百分数1-5%的的铝胶、重量百分数1-5%的稀土硝酸盐,搅拌6小时成胶状;其中稀土为氯化物除氧材料;活性组分为高气孔率的分子筛;高分子树脂溶液为聚乙烯醇溶液,其水跟物料比为1:20;
步骤二、取浆料,通过计算蜂窝陶瓷载体隔壁的面积,进而计算所需的步骤一中胶状的混合液的重量,然后用容器取出定量的胶状混合液;
步骤三、涂覆,将蜂窝陶瓷载体置于一个吸力装置的上方,吸力装置与蜂窝陶瓷载体的底部紧贴,将步骤三的得到的浆料倒在蜂窝陶瓷载体的顶面,呈胶状的浆料不具备流动性,位于蜂窝陶瓷载体的表面,此时打开吸力装置,在吸力装置的作用下,胶状的浆料沿着蜂窝陶瓷载体的隔壁从顶面被吸往底面;
步骤四、烧制,将步骤四得到的蜂窝陶瓷载体置于550℃的炉窑烧制3-5小时。
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